CN112886080A - Battery anhydrous discharging method and device - Google Patents
Battery anhydrous discharging method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112886080A CN112886080A CN202110419882.5A CN202110419882A CN112886080A CN 112886080 A CN112886080 A CN 112886080A CN 202110419882 A CN202110419882 A CN 202110419882A CN 112886080 A CN112886080 A CN 112886080A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for anhydrous discharging of a battery. The invention has the advantages that: compared with the salt water discharge, the invention does not produce new pollution, does not pollute the battery material to be recycled, does not have waste water treatment, and is a more environment-friendly batch discharge method of the small-size batteries.
Description
The application is a divisional application of a patent application named as a battery anhydrous discharge method, the application date of the original application is 2017, 06 and 21 days, and the application number is 201710474368.5.
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic product recovery, in particular to a battery anhydrous discharge method and device.
Background
With the wide application of lithium ion batteries, a large number of waste lithium ion batteries are produced, and at present, because the waste lithium ion batteries contain a large amount of toxic rare metal cobalt, but cobalt is an important strategic metal, research on the waste lithium ion batteries at present focuses on the aspect of recycling precious metals, such as: the conventional ternary lithium battery also contains noble metals such as manganese, nickel and the like, and meanwhile, the lithium battery also contains valuable metals such as aluminum, copper and the like. However, in the process of the electricity dissipation treatment (i.e. discharging the residual electricity in the waste lithium ion batteries), the residual electricity in the batteries is rapidly released in the processes of short circuit, crushing and the like in the decomposition process, and thus local overheating and even explosion are caused, so the waste lithium ion batteries must be fully discharged before the recovery treatment, and the waste lithium ion batteries must be subjected to the electricity dissipation treatment.
However, there is no method for discharging the battery safely and conveniently in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for anhydrous discharging of batteries, which can simply, safely and environmentally discharge waste batteries.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a method of non-aqueous discharging a battery, the method comprising:
placing a conductive material between the anode and the cathode of the battery, so that the anode and the cathode of the battery form a discharge loop through the conductive material;
and adjusting the thickness of the conductive material or selecting the conductive material with different resistance values to ensure that the battery finishes discharging through the discharging loop within preset time.
A battery anhydrous discharging device is used for realizing the battery anhydrous discharging method, and comprises a battery and a conductive material arranged between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides a method and a device for anhydrous discharge of a battery, which realize the discharge of the battery safely and conveniently by arranging a conductive material between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery. The discharging time of the battery is adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the conductive material or selecting the conductive material with different resistance values, so that the discharging process has higher flexibility. Compared with the salt water discharge, the method does not produce new pollution, does not pollute the battery material to be recycled, does not treat waste water, and is a more environment-friendly battery discharge method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for discharging a battery without water according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position of cylindrical 18650 battery discharge resistor coatings provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a position of a discharge resistor coating on a discharge end cap of a mobile phone battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery anhydrous discharging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the symbols:
1-battery, 2-conductive coating.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
At present, two methods are mainly used for safe discharge of waste lithium ion batteries, one method is physical discharge, and the other method is mainly used for discharging electricity through an external load, namely the battery is connected with a load (a resistor or an electrical appliance), the electric quantity in the battery is consumed in modes of acting or releasing heat and the like, but the method is only suitable for large-size power batteries and is not feasible for large-scale discharge of small batteries; the other method is chemical discharging, namely, anode and cathode metals of the battery are used as a cathode and an anode, residual electric quantity in the battery is consumed in a solution through an electrolysis process, at present, soluble salts such as sodium chloride solution or copper sulfate are mainly used as electrolytes, and a waste lithium ion battery is used as a power supply for discharging.
The invention aims to provide a battery anhydrous discharge method and a device, which can not generate new pollution, can not pollute battery materials to be recycled, can not treat waste water, and is a more environment-friendly batch discharge method for small-size batteries.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment specifically describes a method for discharging a battery without water by taking a cylindrical 18650 battery as an example.
Step 101: referring to fig. 2, a conductive material is placed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the cylindrical 18650 battery, and a continuous graphite conductive coating is applied between the positive electrode and the negative electrode shown in fig. 2 by a dispenser to cover the insulating pad and communicate the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so that the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the cylindrical 18650 battery form a discharge loop through the conductive material. In the embodiment, the conductive material is placed below the cylindrical 18650 battery anode end cover and is positioned at the intersection of the cathode, the insulating layer and the anode of the cylindrical battery, so that the anode and the cathode of the battery can be communicated most simply and conveniently, the waste of the conductive material is avoided, and the pollution of battery discharge to the environment is avoided.
Step 102: the thickness of the conductive material is adjusted to make the cylindrical 18650 battery complete discharge through the discharge loop within a predetermined time:
the graphite conductive coating with different resistance values or the thickness (glue dispensing amount) of the graphite conductive coating layer can be controlled to change the resistance value between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so that the discharge completion time is adjusted. The actual discharge time of each battery to be processed is different according to the actual charge of the battery. The batteries have different rated capacities, and the discharge time of the batteries in batches is estimated according to the large-capacity batteries to ensure complete discharge. The following examples are given for illustration:
discharging a 3.7V2200mah lithium battery (assuming a full-charge state and a non-full-charge state, the discharging time is shorter), controlling the coating resistance to be about 2 ohms, discharging the battery by about 1C (2.2A) current, completely discharging within 2 hours, and in the discharging process, placing the lithium battery on a metal heat dissipation frame which is in good contact with the battery to lead out heat;
the resistance of the coating is controlled to be about 10 ohms, the battery discharges with about 0.2C (0.44A) current, the battery can completely discharge within 8 hours, and the battery is placed on a metal heat dissipation frame for heat dissipation in the discharging process;
the resistance of the coating is controlled to be about 100 ohms, the battery discharges with about 0.02C (0.044A) current, the battery can completely discharge within 72 hours, and the discharging process is carried out in a natural environment;
the resistance of the coating is controlled to be about 1000 ohms, the battery discharges with the current of about 0.002C (0.0044A), the battery can completely discharge within 1 month, and the discharging process is carried out in the natural environment.
In order to make the conductive effect of the conductive material better, before step 101, the graphite conductive coating can be rolled on a rolling table at a speed of 20 revolutions per minute for 2 hours according to the use requirement of the graphite conductive coating, so that the conductive coating is uniformly dispersed. After the continuous graphite conductive coating is coated between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the conductive material is naturally dried or baked, a dry conductive coating layer is formed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the dry conductive coating layer has a resistance value of 0.5-1000 ohms, so that the battery is safely discharged until the discharge is completed.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment specifically describes a method for discharging a battery without water by taking a soft-package mobile phone battery as an example.
Step 101: referring to fig. 3, a conductive material is placed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the soft package mobile phone battery, and the conductive material is placed between the positive electrode contact surface and the negative electrode contact surface of the insulating end cover of the soft package mobile phone battery by using a brush, so that the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the soft package mobile phone battery form a discharge loop through the conductive material. In the embodiment, a layer of conductive material is brushed between the anode contact surface and the cathode contact surface of the insulating end cover of the soft package mobile phone battery, so that the anode and the cathode of the battery can be communicated most simply and conveniently, the waste of the conductive material is avoided, and the pollution of battery discharge to the environment is avoided.
Step 102: adjusting the thickness of the conductive material to enable the soft package mobile phone battery to complete discharging through the discharging loop within a preset time:
the conductive adhesive with different resistance values or the thickness (glue brushing amount) of the conductive adhesive layer can be controlled to change the resistance value between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so that the discharge completion time is adjusted, the resistance value of the graphite conductive coating and the thickness of the graphite conductive coating layer can be directly controlled in the embodiment, the whole discharge process is controllable, the purpose of saving resources can be achieved to the greatest extent as required, and the method is simpler, more convenient and more efficient. The actual discharge time of each battery to be processed is different according to the actual charge of the battery. The batteries have different rated capacities, and the discharge time of the batteries in batches is estimated according to the large-capacity batteries to ensure complete discharge. The following examples are given for illustration:
discharging a 3.7V2200mah square lithium battery of the mobile phone (assuming a full-charge state, the discharge time is shorter in a non-full-charge state), controlling the resistance of a coating to be about 10 ohms, discharging the battery at about 0.2C (0.44A) current, completely discharging within 8 hours, and placing the battery on a metal heat dissipation frame or better forcibly blowing in a good ventilation environment in the discharging process;
the resistance of the coating is controlled to be about 100 ohms, the battery discharges with about 0.02C (0.044A) current, the battery can completely discharge within 72 hours, and the discharging process is carried out in a natural environment;
the resistance of the coating is controlled to be about 1000 ohms, the battery discharges with the current of about 0.002C (0.0044A), the battery can completely discharge within 1 month, and the discharging process is carried out in the natural environment.
In order to make the conductive effect of the conductive material better, the conductive material can be uniformly dispersed by stirring for 30 minutes at 200 revolutions per minute according to the use requirement of a certain conductive adhesive before the step 101. After brushing continuous battery glue, drying the battery glue by using hot air at 40 ℃, forming a dry conductive glue layer with a resistance value of 0.5-1000 ohm between a positive electrode and a negative electrode, and safely discharging the battery until the discharge is finished.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment specifically describes a method for discharging a cylindrical nickel-metal hydride battery without water:
step 101: referring to fig. 2, a conductive material is placed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride battery, and a glue injection machine is used to inject a continuous conductive coating between the positive electrode and the negative electrode shown in fig. 2, so as to cover the insulating pad to communicate the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so that the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride battery form a discharge loop through the conductive material. In the embodiment, the conductive material is placed below the anode end cover of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride battery and is positioned at the intersection of the cathode, the insulating layer and the anode of the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride battery, and the arrangement method can be used for most simply communicating the anode and the cathode of the battery, the waste of the conductive material is avoided, and the pollution of the battery discharge to the environment is avoided.
Step 102: adjusting the thickness of the conductive material to enable the cylindrical nickel-metal hydride battery to complete discharge through the discharge loop within a preset time:
the thickness of selecting for use the electrically conductive coating of different resistances or controlling the electrically conductive dope layer all can adjust the completion time that discharges, can directly control the resistance of graphite electrically conductive coating and the thickness of graphite electrically conductive dope layer in this embodiment for whole discharge process is controllable, can be as required furthest reach resources are saved's purpose, and is more simple and convenient high-efficient. The actual discharge time of each battery to be processed is different according to the actual charge of the battery. The batteries have different rated capacities, and the discharge time of the batteries in batches is estimated according to the large-capacity batteries to ensure complete discharge. The following examples are given for illustration:
discharging a 1.2V1100mah nickel-metal hydride battery, controlling the resistance of a coating to be about 1 ohm, discharging the battery at about 1.2A current, completely discharging within about 1 hour, and placing the battery on a metal heat dissipation frame which is in good contact with the battery in the discharging process;
the resistance of the coating is controlled to be about 10 ohms, the battery discharges at about 0.12A current, the battery can completely discharge within about 10 hours, and forced air blowing is carried out on the battery in the discharging process to dissipate heat;
the resistance of the coating is controlled to be about 100 ohms, the battery discharges with the current of about 0.012A, the battery can completely discharge within 4 days, and the discharging process is carried out in the natural environment;
the resistance of the coating is controlled to be about 1000 ohms, the battery discharges with the current of about 0.0012A, the battery can completely discharge within 40 days, and the discharging process is carried out in the natural environment.
In order to make the conductive effect of the conductive material better, the conductive paint can be uniformly dispersed by stirring for 30 minutes at a speed of 500 revolutions per minute according to the use requirement of the conductive paint before the step 101. After the continuous conductive coating is injected between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the conductive material is naturally dried or baked, a dry conductive coating layer is formed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the resistance with the resistance value of 0.5-1000 ohms is provided, and the battery is safely discharged until the discharge is completed.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment specifically describes a method for discharging a cylindrical nickel-cadmium battery without water, taking the cylindrical nickel-cadmium battery as an example:
step 101: referring to fig. 2, a conductive material is placed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the cylindrical nickel-cadmium battery, and a continuous conductive paint coating is sprayed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode shown in fig. 2 by a spray gun to cover the insulating pad to communicate the positive electrode and the negative electrode, so that the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the cylindrical nickel-cadmium battery form a discharge loop through the conductive material. In the embodiment, the conductive material is placed below the anode end cover of the cylindrical nickel-cadmium battery and is positioned at the intersection of the cathode, the insulating layer and the anode of the cylindrical nickel-cadmium battery, and the arrangement method can be used for most simply communicating the anode and the cathode of the battery, the waste of the conductive material is avoided, and the pollution of the discharge of the battery to the environment is avoided.
Step 102: and adjusting the thickness of the conductive material to ensure that the cylindrical nickel-cadmium battery finishes discharging through the discharging loop within a preset time:
the discharge completion time can be adjusted by selecting the conductive coating with different resistance values or controlling the thickness (spraying amount) of the conductive coating layer, the resistance value of the graphite conductive coating and the thickness of the graphite conductive coating layer can be directly controlled in the embodiment, so that the whole discharge process is controllable, the aim of saving resources can be fulfilled to the greatest extent as required, and the method is simpler, more convenient and more efficient. The actual discharge time of each battery to be processed is different according to the actual charge of the battery. The batteries have different rated capacities, and the discharge time of the batteries in batches is estimated according to the large-capacity batteries to ensure complete discharge. The following examples are given for illustration:
discharging a 1.2V630mah nickel-cadmium battery, controlling the resistance of a coating to be about 10 ohms, discharging the battery at about 0.12A current, completely discharging within 5.25 hours, and performing the discharging process in a good ventilation environment;
the resistance of the coating is controlled to be about 100 ohms, the battery discharges with the current of about 0.012A, the battery can completely discharge within 52.5 hours, and the discharging process is carried out in the natural environment;
the resistance of the coating is controlled to be about 1000 ohms, the battery discharges with the current of about 0.0012A, the battery can completely discharge within 22 days, and the discharging process is carried out in the natural environment.
In order to make the conductive effect of the conductive material better, before step 101, the conductive material may be stirred for 30 minutes at a rotation speed of 5000 rpm according to the use requirement of the conductive paint, and then used or rolled by a rolling table for reuse. After spraying continuous conductive coating between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, naturally drying or baking the conductive material to form a dry conductive coating layer between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein the dry conductive coating layer has a resistance of 0.5-1000 ohm, and the battery is safely discharged until the discharge is completed.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 4, this embodiment provides a battery no-water discharge device capable of implementing the battery no-water discharge method described in embodiments 1 to 4 above. The device comprises a battery 1 and a conductive material 2 disposed between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery.
The emphasis of each embodiment in the present specification is on the difference from the other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the various embodiments may be referred to each other.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of discharging a battery without water, the method comprising:
placing a conductive material between the anode and the cathode of the battery, so that the anode and the cathode of the battery form a discharge loop through the conductive material;
and adjusting the thickness of the conductive material or selecting the conductive material with different resistance values to ensure that the battery finishes discharging through the discharging loop within preset time.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the conductive material is a conductive paint or a conductive adhesive.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising pretreating the conductive material prior to disposing the conductive material, wherein the pretreatment is performed according to the requirements of the conductive material.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein when the battery is a cylindrical battery, a conductive material is placed under a positive end cap of the cylindrical battery, and the conductive material is located at an intersection of a negative electrode, an insulating layer and a positive electrode of the cylindrical battery.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein when the battery is a soft-package mobile phone battery, a conductive material is placed between a positive contact surface and a negative contact surface at an insulating end cover of the soft-package mobile phone battery.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the current of the battery is greater than a preset threshold value, the battery is placed on a metal heat dissipation frame with good ventilation for discharging.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein disposing a conductive material between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery comprises disposing a conductive material between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery by brushing, spraying, painting, pouring, or spotting.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising drying or baking the conductive material after the conductive material is placed.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the conductive material forms a resistance value between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery of 0.5-1000 ohms.
10. A device for discharging a battery without water, the device being used for the method for discharging a battery without water according to claim 1, the device comprising a battery and a conductive material disposed between a positive electrode and a negative electrode of the battery.
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| CN202110419882.5A CN112886080A (en) | 2017-06-21 | 2017-06-21 | Battery anhydrous discharging method and device |
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| CN202110419882.5A CN112886080A (en) | 2017-06-21 | 2017-06-21 | Battery anhydrous discharging method and device |
| CN201710474368.5A CN107492691A (en) | 2017-06-21 | 2017-06-21 | A kind of anhydrous charging method of battery |
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| CN108808152A (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-11-13 | 南京环务资源再生科技有限公司 | A kind of charging method of waste lithium cell |
| CN110729521A (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2020-01-24 | 武汉瑞杰特材料有限责任公司 | Method, circuit and system for discharging residual electricity of battery |
| CN110600829B (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-04-14 | 永康珀帐锂电池科技有限公司 | Discharge device for recycling lithium battery of mobile phone |
| CN112382801A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-19 | 银隆新能源股份有限公司 | Method for pre-treating waste battery |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004355954A (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2004-12-16 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Disposal method of waste battery |
| CN104332671A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-02-04 | 南阳师范学院 | Lead storage battery regeneration apparatus and regeneration method thereof |
| CN106816663A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-09 | 中南大学 | A kind of method of waste and old lithium ion battery highly effective and safe electric discharge |
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| CN105406146B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2018-10-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The carbon dioxide sub critical extraction and recovery reuse method of waste and old lithium ionic cell electrolyte |
| CN106834703B (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2019-04-26 | 中南大学 | A kind of leaching method of waste lithium ion cell anode active material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2004355954A (en) * | 2003-05-29 | 2004-12-16 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd | Disposal method of waste battery |
| CN104332671A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2015-02-04 | 南阳师范学院 | Lead storage battery regeneration apparatus and regeneration method thereof |
| CN106816663A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-09 | 中南大学 | A kind of method of waste and old lithium ion battery highly effective and safe electric discharge |
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