CN112884896A - BIM technology-based method for quickly generating three-dimensional model of special-shaped ramp - Google Patents

BIM technology-based method for quickly generating three-dimensional model of special-shaped ramp Download PDF

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CN112884896A
CN112884896A CN202110202693.2A CN202110202693A CN112884896A CN 112884896 A CN112884896 A CN 112884896A CN 202110202693 A CN202110202693 A CN 202110202693A CN 112884896 A CN112884896 A CN 112884896A
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shaped ramp
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CN112884896B (en
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徐晓强
李天灵
刘东军
刘瑞军
赵坤
徐佳伟
赵乙让
付孟宇
盛跃忠
吕玉玲
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China Construction Eighth Engineering Division Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a BIM technology-based method for quickly generating a three-dimensional model of a special-shaped ramp, which comprises the following steps: importing a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp into three-dimensional software; inputting a value of a first variable into a three-dimensional BIM model building module in three-dimensional software, and automatically generating a three-dimensional BIM model of the special-shaped ramp by the three-dimensional BIM model building module; the process of generating the three-dimensional BIM model by the three-dimensional BIM model building module is as follows: a plurality of branch points are arranged on a longitudinal gradient control line in a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp at intervals; drawing a radial gradient control line perpendicular to the longitudinal gradient control line by taking each division point as a reference, and setting the radial gradient of the radial gradient control line as a first variable; and when the value of the first variable is obtained, fitting according to the longitudinal gradient control line and all the radial gradient control lines to generate a three-dimensional BIM model. The method can quickly convert the two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp into the three-dimensional model, is favorable for quickly acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the control point, and is convenient for guiding field measurement and paying-off and later-stage check.

Description

BIM technology-based method for quickly generating three-dimensional model of special-shaped ramp
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of engineering drawing of a special-shaped ramp, in particular to a method for quickly generating a three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp based on a BIM (building information modeling) technology.
Background
Traditional dysmorphism ramp is two-dimensional drawing usually before the construction, but special-shaped ramp is three-dimensional structure in fact, and when actual construction, only lean on the two-dimensional drawing to be unable accurate measure the unwrapping wire, be unfavorable for the later stage to check moreover, especially to the special-shaped ramp that has the hyperboloid section again and have the straight face section, the construction degree of difficulty is big, need combine a plurality of control points to measure and check. In order to solve the problems, three-dimensional drawing software is usually required to be adopted to convert a two-dimensional drawing into a three-dimensional model in combination with actual construction requirements so as to obtain three-dimensional coordinates of a control point, and then the purposes of guiding measurement and paying-off and later-stage checking are achieved.
However, in the existing mode of converting two-dimensional drawings into three-dimensional models, all two-dimensional drawings need to be converted, and many repeated operations, long working time and low working efficiency exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for quickly generating a three-dimensional model of a special-shaped ramp based on a BIM technology, which can quickly convert a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp into the three-dimensional model, is favorable for quickly acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of a control point, and is convenient for guiding field measurement and paying-off and later-stage check.
The invention is realized by the following scheme: a method for quickly generating a three-dimensional model of a special-shaped ramp based on a BIM technology comprises the following steps:
importing a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp into three-dimensional software, wherein the three-dimensional software is provided with a three-dimensional BIM model building module;
inputting a value of a first variable to the three-dimensional BIM model building module, and automatically generating a three-dimensional BIM model of the special-shaped ramp by the three-dimensional BIM model building module;
the process of generating the three-dimensional BIM model by the three-dimensional BIM model building module is as follows:
a plurality of branch points are arranged on a longitudinal gradient control line in a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp at intervals;
drawing a radial gradient control line perpendicular to the longitudinal gradient control line with each division point as a reference, and setting the radial gradient of the radial gradient control line as the first variable;
and when the value of the first variable is obtained, the three-dimensional BIM model is generated according to the longitudinal gradient control line and all the radial gradient control lines in a fitting mode.
The method is based on BIM parameterization technology and combined with three-dimensional software to generate an adjustable three-dimensional model, the rapid conversion from the two-dimensional drawing to the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp can be realized only by adjusting parameter variables, the model does not need to be built again each time, unnecessary repeated operation is avoided, and furthermore, the method is favorable for rapidly acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the control point so as to guide field measurement paying-off and later-stage checking.
The method for rapidly generating the special-shaped ramp three-dimensional model based on the BIM technology is further improved in that a plurality of the branch points are uniformly arranged at intervals.
The invention further improves the method for quickly generating the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp based on the BIM technology, and comprises the following steps:
when a plurality of the branch points are set, setting the number of the branch points as a second variable;
inputting a value of a first variable into the three-dimensional BIM model building module and inputting a value of a second variable at the same time;
and after the values of the first variable and the second variable are obtained, generating the three-dimensional BIM model.
The invention further improves the method for quickly generating the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp based on the BIM technology, and comprises the following steps:
the three-dimensional software is also provided with a three-dimensional coordinate output module;
after the three-dimensional BIM model of the special-shaped ramp is automatically generated, a plurality of control points are selected on the two-dimensional drawing, the two-dimensional coordinate values of the control points are input to the three-dimensional coordinate output module, and the three-dimensional coordinate output module automatically outputs the three-dimensional coordinate values of the control points corresponding to the three-dimensional BIM model.
The invention further improves the method for quickly generating the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp based on the BIM technology, wherein the flow of automatically outputting the three-dimensional coordinate value by the three-dimensional coordinate output module is as follows:
after two-dimensional coordinate values of a plurality of control points are obtained, numbering the control points;
projecting the control points to the three-dimensional BIM one by one, and acquiring corresponding three-dimensional coordinates;
and setting an output format of the three-dimensional coordinates, and sequentially outputting the three-dimensional coordinates according to the sequence of the numbers and the output format.
The invention further improves the method for quickly generating the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp based on the BIM technology, and comprises the following steps:
when each three-dimensional coordinate value is output, marking the three-dimensional coordinate value at a position corresponding to the control point on the two-dimensional drawing;
and after the three-dimensional coordinate values of all the control points are completely output, deriving a two-dimensional drawing marked with the three-dimensional coordinate values.
The method for rapidly generating the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp based on the BIM technology is further improved in that the three-dimensional software is Rhino software provided with a Grasshopper plug-in.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of generating a three-dimensional BIM model by a three-dimensional BIM model building module in the method.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic two-dimensional drawing of the profiled ramp in the method.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional BIM model in the method.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional drawing labeled with control points and three-dimensional coordinate values in the method.
Detailed Description
Traditional ramp is with single curved surface many, but along with the development of traffic route, the special-shaped ramp of various forms is more and more, and the construction degree of difficulty of special-shaped ramp is big, and the requirement of measuring the unwrapping wire is high, and the two-dimensional drawing of traditional ramp can't satisfy the construction guidance to special-shaped ramp. Specifically, the longitudinal gradient control line is drawn on the two-dimensional drawing of the conventional ramp and arranged along the length direction of the special-shaped ramp to reflect the longitudinal gradient of the special-shaped ramp. However, for the double-curved-surface special-shaped ramp, the double-curved-surface special-shaped ramp has a radial slope in addition to a longitudinal slope, and a two-dimensional drawing cannot reflect the longitudinal slope and the radial slope at the same time, so that a three-dimensional model needs to be established to meet the construction guidance of the double-curved-surface special-shaped ramp.
A traditional method for building a three-dimensional model is to draw a two-dimensional drawing with a longitudinal gradient control line for a special-shaped ramp and convert the two-dimensional drawing into the three-dimensional model by combining the curvature of a curved surface of the special-shaped ramp. According to the method, a three-dimensional model needs to be built for each section of the special-shaped ramp, the work is complicated, and the work efficiency is low.
The invention considers that the BIM technology has been widely applied in the fields of automobiles, processing and manufacturing industry, surveying and mapping and the like, and can fall to the ground to guide production particularly in the processing and manufacturing of special-shaped curved surfaces. Moreover, parameterization fine modeling is carried out based on the BIM technology, material processing data can be exported in batches, a bill of materials can be generated quickly, planar two-dimensional drawings can be exported in batches, manual marking and related data sorting are not needed, production can be directly delivered, and the plotting efficiency is obviously improved compared with that of a traditional mode. Therefore, the invention provides a BIM technology-based method for quickly generating a three-dimensional model of a special-shaped ramp, which can quickly convert a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp into the three-dimensional model, is favorable for quickly acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of a control point, and is convenient for guiding field measurement and paying-off and later-stage checking.
The method for rapidly generating the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp based on the BIM technology is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 shows a flow chart of a three-dimensional BIM model generated by a three-dimensional BIM model building module in the method, fig. 2 shows a two-dimensional drawing schematic diagram of a special-shaped ramp in the method, and fig. 3 shows a three-dimensional BIM model schematic diagram in the method.
A method for quickly generating a three-dimensional model of a special-shaped ramp based on a BIM technology comprises the following steps:
step 1, importing a two-dimensional drawing (as shown in figure 2) of the special-shaped ramp into three-dimensional software, wherein the three-dimensional software is provided with a three-dimensional BIM model building module.
Step 2, inputting a value of a first variable into the three-dimensional BIM model building module, and automatically generating a three-dimensional BIM model of the special-shaped ramp by the three-dimensional BIM model building module (as shown in FIG. 3);
the process of generating the three-dimensional BIM model by the three-dimensional BIM model building module is as follows (as shown in FIG. 1):
s1, arranging a plurality of branch points at intervals on a longitudinal gradient control line 1 in the two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp.
S2, drawing a radial gradient control line 3 perpendicular to the longitudinal gradient control line 1 with reference to each of the division points, and setting the radial gradient N of the radial gradient control line 3 as the first variable.
Specifically, a vertical extension line is drawn through each branch point, a control elevation of the irregular ramp is determined (as shown in fig. 3, control elevations from H1 to H4 are formed), a plurality of spatial branch planes are formed in the control elevation range, the plurality of spatial branch planes intersect with the plurality of vertical extension lines one by one to form a plurality of intersection points 2, and a radial gradient control line 3 is drawn through each intersection point 2.
And S3, when the value of the first variable is obtained, fitting and generating the three-dimensional BIM according to the longitudinal gradient control line 1 and all the radial gradient control lines 3.
Specifically, a equipartition curved surface is generated through the radial gradient control line 3, and all the equipartition curved surfaces are fitted according to the longitudinal gradient control line 1 to generate the three-dimensional BIM model.
In the method, the value of the first variable is comprehensively determined by the curvature of the curved surface of the special-shaped ramp and the longitudinal gradient M of the longitudinal control line 1, the radial gradient N is set as the first variable based on the BIM parameterization technology, the rapid conversion from two-dimensional drawings to three-dimensional models of different special-shaped ramps can be realized only by adjusting the parameter variable (namely the first variable), the model does not need to be built again each time, unnecessary repeated operation is avoided, and furthermore, the method is favorable for rapidly obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of the control point so as to guide field measurement and paying-off and later-period check.
As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of the sub-points are uniformly spaced. So that the three-dimensional BIM model is more accurate and smooth. Preferably, a plurality of the branch points may be set according to actual design requirements of the special-shaped ramp, as shown in fig. 3, if the special-shaped ramp has a straight section and a curved section, a relatively small number of the branch points may be set on the straight section, for example, only at the control elevations H2 and H3, and a relatively large number of the branch points are set on the curved section, so as to ensure accuracy and smoothness of the curved section of the three-dimensional BIM model.
As a preferred embodiment: when a plurality of the branch points are set, setting the number of the branch points as a second variable;
inputting the value of a first variable into the three-dimensional BIM model building module and simultaneously inputting the value of a second variable;
after the values of the first variable and the second variable are obtained, the three-dimensional BIM model is generated.
Specifically, the three-dimensional BIM model is generated by fitting the longitudinal ramp control line 1 and all the radial gradient control lines 3, and the number of the branch points directly influences the number of the radial gradient control lines 3, so that the effect of the three-dimensional BIM model is influenced.
As a preferred embodiment: in conjunction with fig. 4, fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional drawing labeled with control points and three-dimensional coordinates in the method. The three-dimensional software is also provided with a three-dimensional coordinate output module;
after the three-dimensional BIM model of the special-shaped ramp is automatically generated, a plurality of control points 4 are selected on the two-dimensional drawing, the two-dimensional coordinate values of the control points 4 are input to the three-dimensional coordinate output module, and the three-dimensional coordinate output module automatically outputs the three-dimensional coordinate values of the control points 4 corresponding to the three-dimensional BIM model.
As a preferred embodiment, the process of the three-dimensional coordinate output module automatically outputting the three-dimensional coordinate values is as follows:
after the two-dimensional coordinate values of the control points 4 are obtained, numbering the control points 4;
projecting a plurality of control points 4 to the three-dimensional BIM model one by one, and acquiring corresponding three-dimensional coordinates;
and setting an output format of the three-dimensional coordinate, and sequentially outputting the three-dimensional coordinate values according to the sequence of the numbers and the output format. Finally, a three-dimensional coordinate table (see table 1) in the following form is formed.
TABLE 1 three-dimensional coordinate Table
Figure BDA0002948432680000051
Figure BDA0002948432680000061
According to the method, through the matched arrangement of the three-dimensional coordinate output module, the one-key automatic generation of the three-dimensional coordinates of the control point of the special-shaped ramp can be realized, the working efficiency is greatly improved, the error rate is reduced, and the management of managers is facilitated.
As a preferred embodiment: when outputting a three-dimensional coordinate value, marking the three-dimensional coordinate value at a position corresponding to the control point 4 on the two-dimensional drawing;
and after the three-dimensional coordinate values of all the control points are completely output, deriving a two-dimensional drawing marked with the three-dimensional coordinate values (as shown in FIG. 4).
The guidance of measurement paying-off, later-stage check and the like in the construction of the special-shaped ramp is realized by further deriving a two-dimensional drawing marked with a three-dimensional coordinate and matching with a formed three-dimensional coordinate table. By using the method, the management level of managers can be improved, the construction quality is improved, the error rate is reduced, and the method has obvious popularization and application values.
As a preferred embodiment, the three-dimensional software is preferably Rhino software provided with a Grasshopper plug-in. The three-dimensional BIM model building module is powerful in function and convenient to use, can simultaneously build the three-dimensional BIM model building module and the three-dimensional coordinate output module, and meets the corresponding functions.
In this embodiment, the three-dimensional BIM model building module and the three-dimensional coordinate output module are both formed by connecting a plurality of battery packs of Grasshopper, and building of the three-dimensional BIM model and outputting of the three-dimensional coordinates of the control point are realized through different functional combinations of different battery packs.
Specifically, the three-dimensional BIM model building module at least comprises: the battery pack comprises an XY Plane battery pack, a Move battery pack and the like which are used for forming a plurality of space bisection planes in a certain control elevation range, a Divide Curve battery pack, a Line SDL battery pack, a Curve/Plane (PCX) battery pack and the like which are used for intersecting the space bisection planes with a bisection point extension Line on a longitudinal gradient control Line 1 and forming an intersection point 2, an Hframe battery pack used for generating planes through a bisection point, a Pl Origin battery pack used for turning the planes to another position, a Rule Srf battery pack used for generating equipartition curved surfaces and a Loft battery pack used for generating a three-dimensional model in a fitting mode;
the three-dimensional coordinate output module at least includes: a List battery for numbering control points; a Formant battery for setting an output format of the three-dimensional coordinates; and the TAG battery is used for correspondingly placing the three-dimensional coordinate points at the control points and labeling the three-dimensional coordinates.
While the present invention has been described in detail and with reference to the embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein. Therefore, certain details of the embodiments are not to be interpreted as limiting, and the scope of the invention is to be determined by the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. A method for quickly generating a three-dimensional model of a special-shaped ramp based on a BIM technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
importing a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp into three-dimensional software, wherein the three-dimensional software is provided with a three-dimensional BIM model building module;
inputting a value of a first variable to the three-dimensional BIM model building module, and automatically generating a three-dimensional BIM model of the special-shaped ramp by the three-dimensional BIM model building module;
the process of generating the three-dimensional BIM model by the three-dimensional BIM model building module is as follows:
a plurality of branch points are arranged on a longitudinal gradient control line in a two-dimensional drawing of the special-shaped ramp at intervals;
drawing a radial gradient control line perpendicular to the longitudinal gradient control line with each division point as a reference, and setting the radial gradient of the radial gradient control line as the first variable;
and when the value of the first variable is obtained, the three-dimensional BIM model is generated according to the longitudinal gradient control line and all the radial gradient control lines in a fitting mode.
2. The BIM technology-based special-shaped ramp three-dimensional model rapid generation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of the branch points are uniformly arranged at intervals.
3. The BIM technology-based method for rapidly generating the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp according to claim 2, wherein the BIM technology-based method comprises the following steps:
when a plurality of the branch points are set, setting the number of the branch points as a second variable;
inputting a value of a first variable into the three-dimensional BIM model building module and inputting a value of a second variable at the same time;
and after the values of the first variable and the second variable are obtained, generating the three-dimensional BIM model.
4. The BIM technology-based method for rapidly generating the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp according to claim 1, wherein the BIM technology-based method comprises the following steps:
the three-dimensional software is also provided with a three-dimensional coordinate output module;
after the three-dimensional BIM model of the special-shaped ramp is automatically generated, a plurality of control points are selected on the two-dimensional drawing, the two-dimensional coordinate values of the control points are input to the three-dimensional coordinate output module, and the three-dimensional coordinate output module automatically outputs the three-dimensional coordinate values of the control points corresponding to the three-dimensional BIM model.
5. The method for rapidly generating the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp based on the BIM technology as claimed in claim 4, wherein the three-dimensional coordinate output module automatically outputs the three-dimensional coordinate values in the following flow:
after two-dimensional coordinate values of a plurality of control points are obtained, numbering the control points;
projecting the control points to the three-dimensional BIM one by one, and acquiring corresponding three-dimensional coordinates;
and setting an output format of the three-dimensional coordinates, and sequentially outputting the three-dimensional coordinates according to the sequence of the numbers and the output format.
6. The BIM technology-based method for rapidly generating the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp according to claim 4, wherein the BIM technology-based method comprises the following steps:
when each three-dimensional coordinate value is output, marking the three-dimensional coordinate value at a position corresponding to the control point on the two-dimensional drawing;
and after the three-dimensional coordinate values of all the control points are completely output, deriving a two-dimensional drawing marked with the three-dimensional coordinate values.
7. The method for rapidly generating the three-dimensional model of the special-shaped ramp based on the BIM technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional software is Rhino software provided with Grasshopper plug-in.
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