CN112881008B - Precision calibration method for worm gear pair double-sided meshing measuring instrument - Google Patents
Precision calibration method for worm gear pair double-sided meshing measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN112881008B CN112881008B CN202110071300.9A CN202110071300A CN112881008B CN 112881008 B CN112881008 B CN 112881008B CN 202110071300 A CN202110071300 A CN 202110071300A CN 112881008 B CN112881008 B CN 112881008B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/021—Gearings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/245—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing perpendicularity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/25—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B5/252—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing the alignment of axes for measuring eccentricity, i.e. lateral shift between two parallel axes
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Abstract
A precision calibration method for a worm gear pair double-sided meshing measuring instrument belongs to the field of precision testing technology and instruments. In order to ensure the precision of the worm gear pair double-engagement instrument, the following items are measured and debugged: the parallelism of the worm head seat and the tail seat guide rail; the head seat and the tail seat move in parallel; the parallelism of the headstock and tailstock mandrel buses; coaxiality of the headstock and the tailstock core shaft; the worm gear moves the carriage, the worm gear measures the movement parallelism of the carriage; the verticality of the moving direction of the worm sliding frame and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame; the perpendicularity of the moving direction of the headstock and the tailstock and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame; the perpendicularity of the axis of the rotating shaft and the axes of the headstock and the tailstock center; the precision of the above items is guaranteed to be within the specified range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a precision calibration method for a worm gear pair double-sided meshing measuring instrument, and belongs to the field of precision testing technologies and instruments.
Background
The worm gear pair transmission is an important component of gear transmission, and is widely applied to the field of mechanical manufacturing because of the advantages of large transmission ratio, compact structure, stable transmission and the like.
The worm gear pair double-engagement instrument has the advantages of simple principle, convenience in operation and maintenance, high measurement efficiency, stability in measurement, easiness in mechanization and automation, suitability for workshop field use and the like, and is one of measurement methods for final inspection of a worm gear pair production field.
Calibration is a set of operations under defined conditions, the first step of which is to determine the relationship between the quantities provided by the measurement standards and the corresponding indications, and the second step of which is to use this information to determine the relationship by which the measurements are obtained from the indications. Calibration is to determine the error in the value of the indication of the calibrated instrument and to determine whether a reported value of deviation from the nominal value can be made within expected tolerances, by adjusting or modifying the measurement instrument, by assigning a scale mark or by determining other characteristic values, and by assigning a reference material characteristic value to ensure that the value given by the measurement instrument is accurate. Before the instrument is put into use, the modes of checking, calibrating and the like are adopted to confirm whether the instrument meets the requirements of measurement use. Therefore, the calibration is an important link for ensuring and improving the precision of the measuring system. In order to ensure the precision of the double-engagement instrument, the precision test of the instrument is required, so that the precision test method is particularly important for the double-engagement instrument of the worm gear pair.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a worm gear pair double-engagement instrument calibration method for solving the problems in the background technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the worm gear pair double-engagement instrument comprises: the device comprises a base, a horizontal guide rail, a vertical guide rail, a grating, a motor, a hand wheel, a worm wheel moving sliding frame, a worm wheel measuring sliding frame, a worm sliding frame, a headstock, a tailstock, an electric control cabinet and the like. The horizontal guide rail is fixed on the upper side of the base through screws, and the rear side of the horizontal guide rail is provided with a vertical guide rail which is arranged in parallel. The worm wheel moving sliding frame is positioned on the upper side of the base and can move along the horizontal guide rail under the driving of the motor. The worm sliding frame is positioned at the rear side of the base and can move up and down along the vertical guide rail under the driving of the motor. The upper side of the worm sliding frame is provided with a horizontal guide rail, and the headstock and the tailstock are arranged on the worm sliding frame and can move along the horizontal guide rail on the upper side of the worm sliding frame. The worm is arranged between the headstock and the tailstock center. The worm wheel measuring sliding frame is located above the worm wheel moving sliding frame, the worm wheel is installed on a mandrel of the worm wheel measuring sliding frame, and the worm wheel measuring sliding frame floats on the upper side of the worm wheel moving sliding frame along with the change of the center distance of the worm wheel and the worm. In the double-sided meshing measurement of the worm and gear, the meshing of the worm and gear at the theoretical center distance and the high position of the theoretical center is ensured, and the verticality of a worm mandrel and a worm gear mandrel is ensured, so that the precision test method of the worm and gear pair double-meshing instrument comprises the following steps:
measuring and adjusting the parallelism of horizontal guide rails of a headstock and a tailstock: and respectively adjusting the alignment worm sliding frame and the four-side flat ruler, respectively arranging the magnetic force meter frame on the head seat and the tail seat, and contacting the micrometer with the upper side surface or the left side surface of the four-side flat ruler. And respectively moving the headstock or the tailstock, and detecting the parallelism of the horizontal guide rails of the worm headstock and the tailstock relative to the four-sided flat ruler in the moving process of the headstock and the tailstock in two directions of the upper side surface or the left side surface. If the parallelism of the horizontal guide rails of the worm head seat and the tailstock is lower than 10 mu m in the stroke of 100mm, the following steps are continued. If the parallelism of the worm rod head and the tailstock guide rail is higher than 10 mu m in the 100mm stroke, the parallelism of the contact surface of the worm sliding frame and the horizontal guide rail is improved, and the screw used for connecting the horizontal guide rail and the worm sliding frame is adjusted, so that the parallelism of the worm rod head seat and the tailstock horizontal guide rail is lower than 10 mu m in the 100mm stroke.
Measuring and adjusting the moving parallelism of the headstock and the tailstock: the alignment worm sliding frame and the four-side flat ruler are respectively adjusted, the magnetic force meter is erected on the head seat or the tail seat, and the measuring head of the micrometer is contacted with the right side face or the upper side face of the four-side flat ruler. And detecting the parallelism of the right side surface or the upper side surface of the four-side flat ruler in the moving process of the headstock or the tailstock. If the moving parallelism of the headstock and the tailstock is lower than 10 μm in the stroke of 100mm, the following steps are continued. If the moving parallelism of the headstock or the tailstock is higher than 10 mu m within the 100mm stroke, the installation position of the headstock or the tailstock on the worm carriage is adjusted to ensure that the contact surface of the headstock and the tailstock and the horizontal guide rail is smoother, and the moving parallelism of the headstock and the tailstock is lower than 10 mu m within the 100mm stroke.
Measuring and adjusting the bus parallelism of the headstock and the tailstock mandrel, and the coaxiality of the headstock and the tailstock mandrel: adjusting the alignment worm sliding frame and the four-side flat ruler respectively, inserting the headstock and the tailstock into the Morse mandrel respectively, arranging the magnetic force meter on the right-angle sliding block, and contacting the side bus and the upper bus of the long mandrel between the micrometer gauge and the headstock and the tailstock. And moving the right-angle slide block to respectively detect the parallelism of the side bus and the upper bus of the Morse mandrel between the headstock and the tailstock to the four-side flat ruler. And reading difference values of the buses on the Morse mandrel and the side buses between the headstock and the tailstock are the coaxiality of the headstock and the tailstock mandrel. If the parallelism of the headstock and tailstock Morse mandrels and the coaxiality of the headstock and tailstock long mandrels are all lower than 10 mu m, the following steps are continued. If the parallelism of the buses of the headstock and the tailstock Mohs mandrels and the coaxiality of the headstock and the tailstock Mohs mandrels are higher than 10 mu m, the positions of the headstock and the tailstock centers and the installation position of the Mohs mandrels between the centers are adjusted. After the adjustment, the parallelism of the lateral bus and the upper bus of the Morse mandrel between the headstock and the tailstock to the four-side flat ruler is continuously detected by a dial indicator, so that the parallelism of the bus of the headstock and the tailstock mandrel and the coaxiality of the mandrel of the headstock and the tailstock are all lower than 10 mu m.
Measuring and adjusting the moving sliding frame of the worm wheel, and measuring the moving parallelism of the sliding frame by the worm wheel: the magnetic meter is arranged on the worm wheel moving sliding frame in a frame mode, the worm wheel moving sliding frame is moved, the dial meter is in contact with the side face of the four-side flat ruler, the four-side flat ruler is aligned, and the parallelism of the moving direction of the worm wheel moving sliding frame to the four-side flat ruler is detected. The magnetic gauge is arranged on the worm wheel measuring sliding frame in a frame mode, a micrometer gauge head is in contact with the side face of the four-side flat ruler, the worm wheel measuring sliding frame is moved, and the parallelism in the stroke of the sliding frame to the four-side flat ruler is measured by the worm wheel. If the moving parallelism of the worm gear moving carriage is lower than 10 μm and the moving parallelism of the worm gear measuring carriage is lower than 2 μm, the subsequent steps are continued. If the moving parallelism of the worm gear moving carriage is higher than 10 μm and the moving parallelism of the worm gear measuring carriage is higher than 2 μm, the surface roughness and the parallelism of the worm gear moving carriage or the worm gear measuring carriage are improved. The parallelism of the moving direction of the worm wheel moving carriage and the worm wheel measuring carriage to the four-side flat ruler is respectively detected by a micrometer, so that the moving parallelism of the worm wheel moving carriage is lower than 10 mu m, and the moving parallelism of the worm wheel measuring carriage is lower than 2 mu m.
Measuring and adjusting the verticality of the moving direction of the worm sliding frame and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving sliding frame: the square ruler is arranged on the base, and the magnetic meter is arranged on the worm wheel moving sliding frame. The micrometer gauge measuring head contacts with the upper side face of the square ruler. The square ruler is adjusted to enable the moving direction of the worm wheel moving sliding frame to be parallel to the upper side face of the square ruler. The magnetic gauge is arranged on the upper top surface of the worm sliding frame, and the micrometer gauge is contacted with the vertical side surface of the square ruler. And moving the worm sliding frame, and detecting to obtain the verticality of the moving direction of the worm sliding frame and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving sliding frame. If the perpendicularity of the moving direction of the worm carriage and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving carriage is less than 10 μm within a stroke of 100mm, the subsequent steps are continued. If the perpendicularity between the moving direction of the worm slide and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving slide is higher than 10 mu m in a stroke of 100mm, the position of the worm slide on the vertical guide rail is adjusted or the straightness of the horizontal guide rail on the base is adjusted. And measuring the perpendicularity of the moving direction of the worm sliding frame and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving sliding frame by using a micrometer and a square ruler, so that the perpendicularity of the moving direction of the worm sliding frame and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving sliding frame is lower than 10 micrometers within a 100mm stroke.
Measuring the verticality of the moving direction of the adjusting headstock and the tailstock and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame: the square ruler is arranged on the base, and the magnetic meter is arranged on the worm wheel moving sliding frame. The measuring head of the micrometer gauge is contacted with the side surface of the square ruler, and the worm wheel is moved to move the sliding frame so as to align the square ruler. The magnetic meter is arranged on the head seat or the tail seat, and the measuring head of the micrometer is contacted with the vertical side surface of the square ruler. And the headstock or the tailstock is moved, and the verticality between the moving direction of the headstock and the tailstock and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame is detected. If the verticality between the moving direction of the headstock and the tailstock and the moving direction of the worm gear moving carriage is lower than 10 mu m in the stroke of 100mm, continuing the step [0013 ]. If the perpendicularity between the moving direction of the headstock and the tailstock and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame is higher than 10 microns in a stroke of 100mm, firstly, the parallelism of a horizontal guide rail on the worm sliding frame and the parallelism of a horizontal guide rail on the upper side of the base are adjusted, the roughness of the contact surfaces of the headstock, the tailstock and the worm gear moving sliding plate and the guide rails is improved, and the connection condition between the headstock, the tailstock assembly and the worm sliding frame is adjusted. The perpendicularity between the moving direction of the headstock and the tailstock and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame is repeatedly measured by using a micrometer and a square ruler, so that the perpendicularity between the moving direction of the headstock and the tailstock and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame is lower than 10 micrometers within a 100mm stroke.
Measuring and adjusting the verticality of the axis of the rotating shaft and the axes of the headstock and the tailstock center: a long core shaft is arranged between the headstock and the tailstock, and the magnetic meter is arranged on the rotating shaft. And moving the worm wheel to move the sliding frame, rotating the rotating shaft at the near position, the middle position and the far position, contacting the dial indicator with two sides of a bus on the long core shaft, and respectively reading out the maximum values of the dial indicator at the positions of the two sides. If the perpendicularity between the axis of the rotating shaft and the axes of the headstock and the tailstock centre is less than 10 mu m, the debugging is finished. If the perpendicularity between the axis of the rotating shaft and the axes of the head and the tailstock centre is higher than 10 mu m, the long core shaft is slightly tapped by a copper bar, the adjustment is performed for many times, and the perpendicularity between the rotating shaft and the axes of the head and the tailstock centre is repeatedly measured by using a dial indicator, so that the perpendicularity between the rotating shaft and the axes of the head and the tailstock centre is lower than 10 mu m.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a worm gear pair double-engagement device.
Fig. 2 is a left side view of the worm gear pair double-engagement device.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of detecting the parallelism of the horizontal guide rails of the headstock and tailstock of the worm slide.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the parallelism of the movements of the headstock and tailstock, the parallelism of the long spindle bus, and the coaxiality detection of the headstock and tailstock spindles.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the worm wheel moving carriage and the worm wheel measuring carriage moving parallelism detection.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the detection of the perpendicularity between the direction of movement of the worm carriage and the direction of movement of the worm wheel moving carriage.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the detection of the perpendicularity between the moving direction of the headstock and tailstock and the moving direction of the movable carriage.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the detection of the perpendicularity of the pivot axis to the headstock and tailstock center axes.
In the figure: 1-headstock, 2-headstock center, 3-base, 4-worm gear measuring carriage, 5-first horizontal guide rail, 6-tailstock center, 7-tailstock, 8-first motor, 9-first grating, 10-second horizontal guide rail, 11-second motor, 12-third motor, 13-worm gear moving carriage, 14-electric control cabinet, 15-vertical guide rail, 16-worm carriage, 17-second grating, 18-four-side flat ruler, 19-micrometer, 20-platform, 21-magnetic force gauge stand, 22-square ruler, 23-long mandrel, 24-revolving shaft, 25-right-angle slide block, 26-headstock bending plate, 27-tailstock bending plate and 28-Morse mandrel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and three-dimensional solid design. The drawings and the three-dimensional solid design description are provided to explain the present invention.
The worm gear pair double-engagement instrument comprises a base 3, a first horizontal guide rail 5, a second horizontal guide rail 10, a first grating 9, a second grating 17, a first motor 8, a second motor 11, a third motor 12, a worm gear moving sliding frame 13, a worm gear measuring sliding frame 4, a worm sliding frame 16, a headstock 1, a tailstock 7, an electric control cabinet 14 and the like.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the base 3 has two parallel second horizontal rails 10 on the upper side and two parallel vertical rails 15 on the rear side. The worm wheel moving carriage 13 is located on the upper side of the base 3 and can move along the first horizontal guide rail 5 under the driving of the second motor 11. The worm slide frame 16 is arranged at the rear side of the base 3 and can move up and down along the vertical guide rail 15 under the driving of the third motor 12. The first horizontal guide rail 5 is arranged on the upper side of the worm slide frame 16, and the headstock 1 and the tailstock 7 are arranged on the worm slide frame 16 and can move along the first horizontal guide rail 5 on the upper side of the worm slide frame 16. The worm is arranged between the headstock centre 2 and the tailstock centre 6. The worm wheel measuring carriage 4 is positioned above the worm wheel moving carriage 13, the worm wheel is installed on a mandrel on the measuring carriage 4, and the worm wheel measuring carriage 4 floats on the upper side of the worm wheel moving carriage 13 along with the change of the center distance of the worm wheel and the worm. In the double-sided meshing measurement of the worm and gear, the meshing of the worm and gear at the theoretical center distance and the high position of the theoretical center is ensured, and the verticality of a worm mandrel and a worm gear mandrel is ensured, so that the precision test method of the worm and gear pair double-meshing instrument comprises the following steps:
measuring and adjusting parallelism of the upper headstock 1 and the tailstock 7 of the worm slide frame 16 and the first horizontal guide rail 5: as shown in fig. 3, the alignment worm carriage 16 and the four-sided flat ruler 18 are adjusted, the magnetometer stand 21 is placed on the headstock bending plate 26 and the tailstock bending plate 27, and the micrometer gauge head 19 is in contact with the a and b surfaces of the four-sided flat ruler 18. The headstock bending plate 26 or the tailstock bending plate 27 are respectively moved, and the parallelism of the guide rail 5 of the tailstock 7 of the worm headstock 1 relative to the four-sided flat ruler 18 in the moving process of the bending plate is detected in two directions of a and b. If the parallelism of the first horizontal guide 5 of the tailstock 17 of the upper headstock 1 of the worm carriage 16 is lower than 10 μm within the stroke of 100mm, the following steps are continued. If the parallelism of the first horizontal guide 5 of the tailstock 7 of the upper head seat 1 of the worm slide frame 16 is higher than 10 mu m in the stroke of 100mm, the parallelism of the contact surface of the worm slide frame 16 and the first horizontal guide 5 is improved, and the tightness of the screw used for connecting the first horizontal guide 5 and the worm slide frame 16 is adjusted, so that the parallelism of the first horizontal guide 5 of the tailstock 7 of the upper head seat 1 of the worm slide frame 16 is lower than 10 mu m in the stroke of 100 mm.
Measuring the moving parallelism of the headstock 1 and the tailstock 7: as shown in fig. 4, the alignment worm carriage 16 and the four-sided flat ruler 18 are adjusted, the magnetic gauge stand 21 is placed on the headstock 1 or the tailstock 7, and the micrometer gauge head 19 is in contact with the c-and d-surfaces of the four-sided flat ruler 18. The headstock 1 or the tailstock 7 moves to detect the parallelism of the four flat rulers 18c and d. If the moving parallelism of the headstock 1 and the tailstock 7 is lower than 10 mu m in the stroke of 100mm, the subsequent steps are continued. If the moving parallelism of the headstock 1 or the tailstock 7 is higher than 10 μm within the stroke of 100mm, the mounting position of the headstock 1 or the tailstock 7 on the worm carriage 16 is adjusted to improve the roughness of the contact surfaces of the headstock 1 and the tailstock 7 and the first horizontal guide 5. The parallelism of the movement of the headstock 1 and the tailstock 7 is lower than 10 μm within the stroke of 100 mm.
Measuring the moving parallelism of the worm wheel moving carriage 13 and the worm wheel measuring carriage 4: as shown in fig. 5, the magnet frame 21 is placed on the worm wheel moving carriage 13, the worm wheel moving carriage 13 is moved, the micrometer 21 is brought into contact with the side surface of the four-sided flat ruler 18, the four-sided flat ruler 18 is adjusted, and alignment (full stroke) is performed, and the parallelism of the moving direction of the worm wheel moving carriage 13 with respect to the four-sided flat ruler 18 is detected. The magnetic gauge stand 21 is placed on the worm wheel measuring carriage 4, the micrometer gauge measuring head 19 is contacted with the side surface of the flat ruler 18, the worm wheel measuring carriage 4 is moved, and the parallelism (full stroke) of the worm wheel measuring carriage 4 to the four-side flat ruler 18 is detected. If the translation parallelism of the worm wheel translation carriage 13 is below 10 μm in a 100mm stroke and the translation parallelism of the worm wheel measuring carriage 4 is below 2 μm in a 20mm stroke, the following steps are continued. If the worm wheel moving carriage 13 moves more parallel than 10 μm and the worm wheel measuring carriage 4 moves more parallel than 2 μm, the surface roughness and the parallelism of the worm wheel moving carriage 13 or the worm wheel measuring carriage 4 are improved. The parallelism of the moving direction of the worm wheel moving carriage 13 and the worm wheel measuring carriage 4 to the four-side flat ruler 18 is detected by a dial indicator 21, so that the moving parallelism of the worm wheel moving carriage 13 is less than 10 μm in a stroke of 100mm, and the moving parallelism of the worm wheel measuring carriage 4 is less than 2 μm in a stroke of 20 mm.
Measuring the perpendicularity of the moving direction of the worm carriage 16 and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving carriage 13: as shown in fig. 6, a square ruler 22 is placed on the base 3, and a magnetometer stand 21 is placed on the worm wheel moving carriage 13. The micrometer 21 is in contact with the upper side of the square 22. The square bar 22 is adjusted so that the moving direction of the worm wheel moving carriage 13 is parallel to the upper side of the square bar 22. The magnetometer stand 21 is placed on the upper top surface of the worm carriage 16, and the micrometer gauge head 21 is in contact with the vertical side surface of the square 22. The worm carriage 16 is moved, and the perpendicularity between the moving direction of the worm carriage 16 and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving carriage 13 is detected. If the perpendicularity of the moving direction of the worm carriage 16 and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving carriage 13 is less than 10 μm within a stroke of 100mm, the subsequent steps are continued. If it is higher than 10 μm in a stroke of 100mm, the position of the worm carriage 16 on the vertical guide 15 or the straightness of the horizontal guide 10 on the adjustment base is adjusted. The perpendicularity of the moving direction of the worm carriage 16 and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving carriage 13 was measured with a micrometer 21 and a square 22 until the perpendicularity of the moving direction of the worm carriage 16 and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving carriage 13 was less than 10 μm within a stroke of 100 mm.
Measuring the verticality of the moving direction of the headstock 1 and the tailstock 7 and the moving direction of the worm gear moving carriage 13: as shown in fig. 7, a square ruler 22 is placed on the base 3, and a magnetometer stand 21 is placed on the worm wheel moving carriage 13. The micrometer gauge head 19 contacts the side surface of the square 22, and the worm wheel moving carriage 13 is moved to adjust the square 22 and align (full stroke). The magnetic gauge stand 21 is arranged on the head stand 1 or the tail stand 7, and the micrometer gauge head 19 is contacted with the vertical side surface of the square gauge 22. And moving the headstock 1 or the tailstock 7, and detecting the perpendicularity of the moving direction of the headstock 1 and the tailstock 7 and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame 13. If the perpendicularity between the moving direction of the headstock 1 and the tailstock 7 and the moving direction of the worm gear moving carriage 13 is less than 10 μm in the stroke of 100mm, the subsequent steps are continued. If the distance is more than 10 mu m in the stroke of 100mm, firstly adjusting the parallelism of the first horizontal guide rail 5 on the worm slide frame 16 and the parallelism of the second horizontal guide rail 10 on the upper side of the base, improving the roughness of the contact surfaces of the headstock 1, the tailstock 7 and the first horizontal guide rail 5 and the worm wheel moving slide plate and the second horizontal guide rail 10, and adjusting the connection among the headstock 1, the tailstock 7 and the worm slide frame 16. The verticality between the moving direction of the headstock 1 and the tailstock 7 and the moving direction of the worm gear moving carriage is repeatedly measured by using a dial indicator 19 and a square gauge 22, so that the verticality between the moving direction of the headstock 1 and the tailstock 7 and the moving direction of the worm gear moving carriage 13 is lower than 10 microns within a 100mm stroke.
Measuring the verticality of the axis of the rotating shaft 24 and the axes of the headstock center 2 and the tailstock center 6: as shown in FIG. 8, a long spindle 23 is installed between the head and the tail, and the magnet frame 21 is placed on the rotation shaft 24. The worm wheel is moved to move the sliding frame 13, the rotary bearing 24 is rotated at the near position, the middle position and the far position, the measuring head of the dial indicator is contacted with two sides of a bus on the long mandrel 23, and the dial indicator has maximum values at two points a and b. If the perpendicularity between the axis of the rotating shaft 24 and the axes of the tops of the headstock 1 and the tailstock 7 is less than 10 mu m, the debugging is finished. If the perpendicularity of the axis of the rotating shaft 24 and the axes of the headstock center 2 and the tailstock center 6 is lower than 10 mu m, the long mandrel 23 is slightly tapped by a copper rod and adjusted for multiple times, and the dial indicator 19 is used for repeatedly measuring the perpendicularity of the rotating shaft 24 and the axes of the headstock center 2 and the tailstock center 6, so that the perpendicularity of the rotating shaft 24 and the axes of the headstock center 2 and the tailstock center 6 is lower than 10 mu m.
The measurement items, the predetermined indexes, and the results of actual measurement in debugging are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Claims (1)
1. A worm gear pair double-sided meshing measuring instrument precision calibration method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the worm gear pair double-sided meshing measuring instrument comprises: the device comprises a base, a horizontal guide rail, a vertical guide rail, a grating, a motor, a hand wheel, a worm wheel moving sliding frame, a worm wheel measuring sliding frame, a worm sliding frame, a headstock, a tailstock and an electric control cabinet; the horizontal guide rail is fixed on the upper side of the base through a screw, and the rear side of the base is provided with a vertical guide rail which is arranged in parallel; the worm wheel moving sliding frame is positioned on the upper side of the base and can move along the horizontal guide rail under the driving of the motor; the worm sliding frame is positioned at the rear side of the base and can move up and down along the vertical guide rail under the driving of the motor; the upper side of the worm sliding frame is provided with a horizontal guide rail, and the headstock and the tailstock are arranged on the worm sliding frame and can move along the horizontal guide rail on the upper side of the worm sliding frame; the worm is arranged between the headstock center and the tailstock center; the worm wheel measuring carriage is positioned above the worm wheel moving carriage, the worm wheel is arranged on a mandrel of the worm wheel measuring carriage, and the worm wheel measuring carriage floats on the upper side of the worm wheel moving carriage along with the change of the center distance of the worm wheel and the worm;
the calibration method comprises the following steps:
(1) measuring and adjusting the parallelism of the horizontal guide rails of the headstock and the tailstock: respectively adjusting the alignment worm sliding frame and the four-side flat ruler, respectively arranging the magnetic force meter frame on the head seat and the tail seat, and enabling a measuring head of the micrometer to be in contact with the upper side face or the left side face of the four-side flat ruler; respectively moving the headstock or the tailstock, and detecting the parallelism of horizontal guide rails of the headstock and the tailstock on the worm carriage to the four-side flat ruler in two directions of the upper side surface or the left side surface in the moving process; if the parallelism of the horizontal guide rails of the headstock and the tailstock on the worm slide frame is lower than 10 mu m in the stroke of 100mm, continuing the following steps; if the parallelism of the horizontal guide rails of the headstock and the tailstock on the worm sliding frame is higher than 10 mu m within the 100mm stroke, the parallelism of the contact surface of the worm sliding frame and the horizontal guide rail is improved, and the screw used for connecting the horizontal guide rail and the worm sliding frame is adjusted, so that the parallelism of the horizontal guide rails of the headstock and the tailstock on the worm sliding frame is lower than 10 mu m within the 100mm stroke;
(2) measuring and adjusting the moving parallelism of the headstock and the tailstock: respectively adjusting an alignment worm sliding frame and a four-side flat ruler, arranging a magnetic force meter frame on a head seat or a tail seat, and contacting a measuring head of a micrometer with the right side surface or the upper side surface of the four-side flat ruler; detecting the parallelism of the headstock or the tailstock to the right side or the upper side of the four-side flat ruler in the moving process; if the moving parallelism of the headstock and the tailstock is lower than 10 mu m within the stroke of 100mm, the following steps are continued; if the moving parallelism of the headstock and the tailstock is higher than 10 mu m within the 100mm stroke, adjusting the mounting position of the headstock or the tailstock on the worm carriage, and improving the roughness of the contact surface of the headstock and the tailstock and the horizontal guide rail, so that the moving parallelism of the headstock and the tailstock is lower than 10 mu m within the 100mm stroke;
(3) measuring and adjusting the bus parallelism and the coaxiality of the headstock and the tailstock Mohs mandrels: respectively adjusting an alignment worm sliding frame and a four-side flat ruler, respectively inserting a headstock and a tailstock into a Morse mandrel, respectively arranging a magnetic force meter on a right-angle sliding block, and enabling a measuring head of a micrometer to be in contact with a side bus and an upper bus of the Morse mandrel between the headstock and the tailstock; moving the right-angle slide block, and respectively detecting the parallelism of a side bus and an upper bus of the Morse mandrel between the headstock and the tailstock to the four-side flat ruler; reading difference values of the buses on the Morse core shaft and the side buses between the headstock and the tailstock are the coaxiality of the Morse core shaft of the headstock and the tailstock; if the parallelism of the buses of the headstock and the tailstock Morse mandrels and the coaxiality of the headstock and the tailstock Morse mandrels are lower than 10 mu m, continuing the following steps; if the parallelism of the headstock and tailstock Morse mandrels and the coaxiality of the headstock and tailstock Morse mandrels are higher than 10 mu m, adjusting the positions of the headstock center and the tailstock center and the installation position of the Morse mandrels between the centers; after adjustment, a micrometer is continuously used for detecting the parallelism of the side bus and the upper bus of the Morse core shaft between the headstock and the tailstock to the four-sided flat ruler, so that the parallelism of the bus of the Morse core shaft of the headstock and the tailstock and the coaxiality of the Morse core shaft of the headstock and the tailstock are all lower than 10 mu m;
(4) measuring and adjusting the moving sliding frame of the worm wheel and measuring the moving parallelism of the sliding frame of the worm wheel: the magnetic meter is arranged on the worm gear moving sliding frame, the worm gear moving sliding frame is moved, a measuring head of the micrometer is contacted with the side surface of the four-side flat ruler, the four-side flat ruler is aligned, and the parallelism of the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame to the four-side flat ruler is detected; the magnetic meter is arranged on the worm wheel measuring sliding frame, a measuring head of the micrometer is contacted with the side faces of the four-side flat ruler, the worm wheel measuring sliding frame is moved, and the parallelism of the worm wheel measuring sliding frame in the stroke of the four-side flat ruler is detected; if the moving parallelism of the worm gear moving carriage is lower than 10 μm and the moving parallelism of the worm gear measuring carriage is lower than 2 μm, continuing the subsequent steps; if the moving parallelism of the worm gear moving carriage is higher than 10 micrometers and the moving parallelism of the worm gear measuring carriage is higher than 2 micrometers, the surface roughness and the parallelism of the worm gear moving carriage or the worm gear measuring carriage are improved; respectively detecting the parallelism of the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame and the worm gear measuring sliding frame to the four-side flat ruler by using a dial indicator, so that the moving parallelism of the worm gear moving sliding frame is lower than 10 mu m, and the moving parallelism of the worm gear measuring sliding frame is lower than 2 mu m;
(5) measuring the verticality of the moving direction of the adjusting worm sliding frame and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving sliding frame: a square ruler is arranged on a base, and a magnetic meter is arranged on a worm wheel moving sliding frame; the measuring head of the micrometer is contacted with the upper side surface of the square ruler; adjusting the square ruler to enable the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame to be parallel to the upper side face of the square ruler; the magnetic gauge is arranged on the upper top surface of the worm sliding frame, and a measuring head of the micrometer gauge is contacted with the vertical side surface of the square ruler; moving the worm sliding frame, and detecting to obtain the verticality of the moving direction of the worm sliding frame and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame; if the perpendicularity between the moving direction of the worm slide frame and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving slide frame is lower than 10 mu m in the stroke of 100mm, continuing the subsequent steps; if the perpendicularity between the moving direction of the worm slide frame and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving slide frame is higher than 10 mu m in a stroke of 100mm, adjusting the position of the worm slide frame on the vertical guide rail or adjusting the straightness of the horizontal guide rail on the base; measuring the perpendicularity of the moving direction of the worm sliding frame and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving sliding frame by using a micrometer and a square ruler, and enabling the perpendicularity of the moving direction of the worm sliding frame and the moving direction of the worm wheel moving sliding frame to be lower than 10 micrometers within a 100mm stroke;
(6) measuring the verticality of the moving direction of the adjusting headstock and the tailstock and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame: a square ruler is arranged on a base, and a magnetic meter is arranged on a worm wheel moving sliding frame; the measuring head of the micrometer is contacted with the side surface of the square ruler, the worm wheel is moved to move the sliding frame, and the square ruler is aligned; the magnetic meter is arranged on the head seat or the tail seat, and a measuring head of the micrometer is contacted with the vertical side surface of the square ruler; the headstock or the tailstock is moved, and the verticality of the moving direction of the headstock and the tailstock and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame is detected; if the perpendicularity between the moving direction of the headstock and the tailstock and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame is lower than 10 mu m in the stroke of 100mm, continuing the subsequent steps; if the perpendicularity between the moving direction of the headstock and the tailstock and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame is higher than 10 microns in a stroke of 100mm, firstly, the parallelism of a horizontal guide rail on the worm sliding frame and the parallelism of a horizontal guide rail on the upper side of the base are adjusted, the roughness of the contact surfaces of the headstock, the tailstock, the worm gear moving sliding plate and the horizontal guide rail is improved, and the connection condition between the headstock, the tailstock assembly and the worm sliding frame is adjusted; repeatedly measuring the perpendicularity of the moving directions of the headstock and the tailstock and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame by using a dial gauge and a square gauge, so that the perpendicularity of the moving directions of the headstock and the tailstock and the moving direction of the worm gear moving sliding frame is lower than 10 micrometers within a 100mm stroke;
(7) measuring and adjusting the verticality of the axis of the rotating shaft and the axes of the headstock and the tailstock center: a long mandrel is arranged between the headstock and the tailstock, and the magnetic meter is arranged on the rotating shaft; moving the worm wheel to move the sliding frame, rotating the rotating shaft at the near position, the middle position and the far position, contacting a measuring head of the dial indicator with two sides of a bus on the long mandrel, and respectively reading out the maximum values of the dial indicator at the positions of the two sides; if the perpendicularity of the axis of the rotating shaft and the axes of the headstock and the tailstock centre is less than 10 mu m, the debugging is finished; if the perpendicularity of the axis of the rotating shaft and the axes of the headstock and the tailstock center is higher than 10 micrometers, the long mandrel is slightly tapped by a copper bar, adjustment is performed for many times, and the perpendicularity of the rotating shaft and the axes of the headstock and the tailstock center is repeatedly measured by a dial indicator, so that the perpendicularity of the rotating shaft and the axes of the headstock and the tailstock center is lower than 10 micrometers.
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