CN112880959A - Bidirectional eccentric loading device for bending component in drop hammer impact test - Google Patents

Bidirectional eccentric loading device for bending component in drop hammer impact test Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112880959A
CN112880959A CN202110159965.5A CN202110159965A CN112880959A CN 112880959 A CN112880959 A CN 112880959A CN 202110159965 A CN202110159965 A CN 202110159965A CN 112880959 A CN112880959 A CN 112880959A
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force transmission
transmission support
bidirectional
component
drop hammer
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CN202110159965.5A
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CN112880959B (en
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马小敏
张文浩
赵晖
王蕊
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M7/00Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
    • G01M7/08Shock-testing

Abstract

The invention provides a bidirectional eccentric loading device for a bending component in a drop hammer impact test, which belongs to the technical field of component disaster simulation devices and comprises a bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism, an axial loading mechanism and a drop hammer; the bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism comprises an upper pressing piece, a lower pressing piece, a force transmission support, a spherical hinge, a rolling shaft and a reaction frame I; the upper pressing piece and the lower pressing piece clamp the force transmission support through the rolling shaft, and the axis of the rolling shaft is vertical to the axis of the structural member; the force transmission support is connected with the end part of the structural component through a spherical hinge, and the spherical hinge and the structural component are eccentrically arranged; the force transmission support of the first bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism is connected with the reaction frame I, and the force transmission support of the second bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism is connected with the axial loading mechanism. The invention can realize the boundary condition of the bidirectional bending, reduce the deviation of the boundary condition in the test and the actual structure, and more accurately research the relevant problems of the crashworthiness and the like of the bidirectional bending component under the action of the impact load.

Description

Bidirectional eccentric loading device for bending component in drop hammer impact test
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of component disaster simulation devices, and particularly discloses a bidirectional eccentric loading device for a bending component in a drop hammer impact test.
Background
The impact load effect that accidental disasters such as explosion, striking and the like and natural disasters such as earthquake, debris flow and the like produce can cause the structural component to locally or wholly deform, and even can make the structural component lose bearing capacity and then cause the structure to collapse in the serious time. The dead weight type drop hammer test is that a hammer head with certain mass is lifted to a specified height, an impact structural member is dropped through the dead weight of the hammer head, then the surface damage condition of the structural member after being impacted is observed, and indexes such as deformation, impact force and the like of the structural member are researched.
At present, the drop hammer impact test can realize ideal axial compression of a structural member, or realize unidirectional eccentric compression through modes such as an eccentric lug seat and the like, and the unidirectional eccentric compression only can enable the structural member to bend around one centroid main shaft of a cross section. However, in practical engineering, when a structural member bears a non-central load, the structural member is often a bidirectional bending member, such as a side column or a corner column, the bidirectional bending member is used as a member form which is widely applied in a structure, and the collision resistance of the bidirectional bending member is important for the safety of the structure. The boundary constraint device in the existing drop hammer impact test is difficult to realize the bidirectional bending boundary condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bidirectional eccentric loading device for a bending component in a drop hammer impact test, which can enable the bending component to have bending moment action around two centroid main shafts, realize bidirectional bending boundary conditions, reduce the deviation of the boundary conditions in the test and the actual structure, and more accurately research the relevant problems of the collision resistance and the like of the bidirectional bending component under the action of impact load.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a bidirectional eccentric loading device for a bending component in a drop hammer impact test, which comprises a bidirectional eccentric constraint mechanism, an axial loading mechanism and a drop hammer, wherein the bidirectional eccentric constraint mechanism is used for being connected with two ends of a structural component; the bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism comprises an upper pressing piece, a lower pressing piece, a force transmission support, a spherical hinge, a rolling shaft and a reaction frame I; the upper pressing piece and the lower pressing piece clamp the force transmission support through the rolling shaft, and the axis of the rolling shaft is vertical to the axis of the structural member; the force transmission support is connected with the end part of the structural component through a spherical hinge, and the spherical hinge and the structural component are eccentrically arranged; the force transmission support of the first bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism is connected with the reaction frame I, and the force transmission support of the second bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism is connected with the axial loading mechanism.
Furthermore, the spherical hinge comprises a sphere, a shell rotatably arranged outside the sphere, a sphere support fixedly connected with the sphere and a shell support connected with the shell; the sphere support is fixedly connected with the force transmission support, and the shell support is fixedly connected with the end part of the structural component.
Furthermore, the sphere support comprises a connecting plate I and a reinforcing rib I for connecting the sphere and the connecting plate I, and the connecting plate I is connected with the force transmission support through a bolt I; the shell support comprises a connecting plate II and a reinforcing rib II for connecting the shell and the connecting plate II, and the connecting plate II is connected with a component end plate welded at the end part of the structural component through a bolt II; the component end plate and the connecting plate II are concentrically arranged and are eccentrically arranged with the structural component.
Further, the surface of the ball and the inner surface of the shell are sputtered with a layer of chromium.
Furthermore, the upper pressing piece and the lower pressing piece are connected through a screw and a nut, and a base plate is arranged between the nut and the pressing piece.
Furthermore, the lower surface of the upper pressing piece and the upper surface of the lower pressing piece are provided with detachable roller fixing frames, and the rollers are detachably mounted in the detachable roller fixing frames.
Furthermore, a force transmission support of the first bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism is connected with a reaction frame I through a bolt III, and the reaction frame I is anchored into a reserved anchoring hole of the test bed through a bolt IV.
Further, the axial loading mechanism comprises a hydraulic jack and a disc spring; the cylinder body of the hydraulic jack is arranged in the clamping groove of the reaction frame II, and the piston rod provides axial force for the force transmission support of the second bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism through the disc spring.
Further, an axial force sensor is arranged between the disc spring and a force transmission support of the second bidirectional eccentric restraining mechanism.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts the spherical hinge to connect the force transmission support and the end part of the structural member, so that the structural member can realize the rotation in different directions by releasing the rotational freedom of the node through the spherical hinge, and the spherical hinge and the structural member are eccentrically arranged to convert the axial pressure load into the bias pressure load to act on the structural member, thereby realizing the boundary condition of bidirectional bending;
2. the invention has definite force transmission path, the axial loading mechanism transmits the acting force to the spherical hinge through the force transmission support, and then the acting force is transmitted to the component through the connecting plate II and the component end plate, thereby realizing the loading of the axial force;
3. according to the invention, the upper pressing piece and the lower pressing piece are connected through the screw rod and the nut, and the upper pressing piece and the lower pressing piece clamp the force transmission support, so that the force transmission support is prevented from being separated, jumping and the like at the moment of impact, and the force transmission support, the upper pressing piece, the lower pressing piece and a supporting surface for supporting the lower pressing piece form a whole;
4. the component end plate and the spherical hinge are connected through the bolt and then form a whole with the force transmission support, so that the structural component is prevented from being separated, jumping and the like in the impact process, and meanwhile, the length loss of the structural component is also avoided;
5. the invention is suitable for various structural members, including common member types such as steel members, steel pipe concrete and the like, and can complete bidirectional eccentric loading, namely bidirectional bending, of the structural members only by adjusting the positions of the end plates of the members according to the requirement of test eccentricity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional eccentric loading device for a bending member in a drop hammer impact test;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a bi-directional eccentric restraint mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a force transmitting mount;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting plate II;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection of the structural member, the member end plate and the connecting plate II;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the hold down;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of side wings on both sides of the upper pressing member;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the side flaps of the lower compressing member.
In the figure: 1-a structural member; 2-drop hammer; 3-an upper pressing piece; 4-lower press; 5-a force transmission support; 6-a roller; 7-reaction frame I; 8-sphere; 9-a housing; 10-bolt I; 11-connecting plate II; 12-stiffener II; 13-a component end plate; 14-bolt II; 15-screw rod; 16-a nut; 17-a backing plate; 18-detachable roller mounts; 19-bolt III; 20-bolt IV; 21-test bed; 22-hydraulic jack; 23-a disc spring; 24-reaction frame II; 25-axial force sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment provides a bidirectional eccentric loading device for a bending component in a drop hammer impact test, which comprises a bidirectional eccentric constraint mechanism, an axial loading mechanism and a drop hammer 2, wherein the bidirectional eccentric constraint mechanism is used for being connected with two ends of a structural component 1, the axial loading mechanism is used for axially loading the structural component 1, and the drop hammer 2 is used for vertically impacting the structural component 1; the bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism comprises an upper pressing piece 3, a lower pressing piece 4, a force transmission support 5, a spherical hinge, a rolling shaft 6 and a reaction frame I7; the upper pressing piece 3 and the lower pressing piece 4 clamp the force transmission support through the rolling shaft 6, and the axis of the rolling shaft 6 is vertical to the axis of the structural member 1, so that conditions are provided for the transmission of axial force; the force transmission support 5 is connected with the end part of the structural component 1 through a spherical hinge, and the spherical hinge and the structural component 1 are eccentrically arranged; the force transmission support 5 of the first bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism is connected with the reaction frame I7, and the force transmission support 5 of the second bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism is connected with the axial loading mechanism.
Furthermore, the spherical hinge comprises a sphere 8, a shell 9 rotatably arranged outside the sphere 8, a sphere support fixedly connected with the sphere 8 and a shell support connected with the shell 9; the spherical support is fixedly connected with the force transmission support 5, and the shell support is fixedly connected with the end part of the structural component 1.
Furthermore, the sphere support comprises a connecting plate I and a reinforcing rib I for connecting the sphere 8 and the connecting plate I, and the connecting plate I is connected with the force transmission support 5 through a bolt I10; the shell support comprises a connecting plate II 11 and a reinforcing rib II 12 for connecting the shell 9 and the connecting plate II 11, and the connecting plate II 11 is connected with a component end plate 13 welded at the end part of the structural component 1 through a bolt II 14; the component end plate 13 is arranged concentrically with the connecting plate II 11 and eccentrically with the structural component 1. The structure of connecting plate I, II is the same, and stiffening rib I, II are right angle trapezoidal plate, and short right-angle limit is the arc of being connected with spheroid 8, mutually perpendicular between four stiffening ribs. Sphere 8, stiffening rib I and connecting plate I pass through welding mode fixed connection, and casing 9, stiffening rib II 12 and connecting plate II 11 pass through welding mode fixed connection. The sphere 8, the reinforcing rib I, the connecting plate I, the shell 9, the reinforcing rib II 12 and the connecting plate II 11 realize simple supporting boundary conditions.
Further, the surface of the ball 8 and the inner surface of the housing 9 are sputtered with a chromium layer.
Further, the upper and lower pressing members 3 and 4 are connected by a screw 15 and a nut 16, and a backing plate 17 is provided between the nut 16 and the pressing members.
Further, the lower surface of the upper pressing member 3 and the upper surface of the lower pressing member 4 are provided with detachable roller holders 18, and the rollers 6 are detachably mounted in the detachable roller holders 18.
Further, a force transmission support 5 of the first bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism is connected with a reaction frame I7 through a bolt III 19, and the reaction frame I7 is anchored into a reserved anchoring hole of a test bed 21 through a bolt IV 20.
Further, the axial loading mechanism includes a hydraulic jack 22 and a disc spring 23; the cylinder body of the hydraulic jack 22 is arranged in a clamping groove of the reaction frame II 24, and the piston rod provides axial force for the force transmission support 5 of the second bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism through the disc spring 23.
Further, an axial force sensor 25 is arranged between the belleville springs 23 and the force transmitting support 5 of the second bi-directional eccentric restraint mechanism.
Further, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, screw grooves for screws 15 to pass through are provided on the side flanks on both sides of the pressing member.
The mounting method of the bidirectional eccentric loading device of the bending component in the drop hammer impact test is as follows:
1. aligning a bolt hole of a lower pressing piece 4 with a reserved anchoring hole of a supporting surface, then placing a detachable roller fixing frame 18 and a roller 6 on the lower pressing piece 4, then placing a force transmission support 5 on the roller 6 of the lower pressing piece 4, installing the detachable roller fixing frame 18 and the roller 6 on the upper surface of the force transmission support 5, installing an upper pressing piece 3, aligning bolt holes of the upper pressing piece and the lower pressing piece, inserting a screw rod 15, placing a base plate 17, screwing a nut 16, connecting the force transmission support 5 with a reaction frame I7 through a bolt III 19, and then connecting and fixing the reaction frame I7 and a test bed 21 through a bolt IV 20 to ensure that the upper pressing piece 3, the lower pressing piece 4 and the force transmission support 5 cannot be loosened and deviated in the impact process;
2. a component end plate 13 is preset at the end part of the structural component 1, the position of the component end plate 13 is determined according to the eccentricity required by the test, the component end plate 13 and the structural component 1 are fixed by welding, a connecting plate I is connected with a force transmission support 5 through a bolt I10, and a connecting plate II 11 is connected with the component end plate 13 through a bolt II 14;
3. and installing an axial loading mechanism.
All components of the device are connected through high-strength bolts, so that the device is convenient to disassemble and assemble, and the test precision and efficiency can be effectively improved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A bidirectional eccentric loading device for a bending component in a drop hammer impact test is characterized by comprising a bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism, an axial loading mechanism and a drop hammer, wherein the bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism is used for being connected with two ends of a structural component;
the bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism comprises an upper pressing piece, a lower pressing piece, a force transmission support, a spherical hinge, a rolling shaft and a reaction frame I;
the upper pressing piece and the lower pressing piece clamp the force transmission support through the rolling shaft, and the axis of the rolling shaft is vertical to the axis of the structural member;
the force transmission support is connected with the end part of the structural component through a spherical hinge, and the spherical hinge and the structural component are eccentrically arranged;
the force transmission support of the first bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism is connected with the reaction frame I, and the force transmission support of the second bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism is connected with the axial loading mechanism.
2. The bidirectional eccentric loading device for the bending member in the drop hammer impact test according to claim 1, wherein the spherical hinge comprises a sphere, a shell rotatably arranged outside the sphere, a sphere support fixedly connected with the sphere and a shell support connected with the shell;
the sphere support is fixedly connected with the force transmission support, and the shell support is fixedly connected with the end part of the structural component.
3. The bidirectional eccentric loading device of the bending component in the drop hammer impact test according to claim 2, wherein the ball support comprises a connecting plate I and a reinforcing rib I for connecting the ball and the connecting plate I, and the connecting plate I is connected with the force transmission support through a bolt I;
the shell support comprises a connecting plate II and a reinforcing rib II for connecting the shell and the connecting plate II, and the connecting plate II is connected with a component end plate welded at the end part of the structural component through a bolt II;
the component end plate and the connecting plate II are concentrically arranged and are eccentrically arranged with the structural component.
4. The bi-directional eccentric loading device of a press bending member in a drop hammer impact test as claimed in claim 3, wherein the surface of the ball and the inner surface of the shell are coated with chrome.
5. The bidirectional eccentric loading device of a bending member in a drop hammer impact test according to claim 4, wherein the upper pressing member and the lower pressing member are connected through a screw and a nut, and a backing plate is arranged between the nut and the pressing member.
6. The bi-directional eccentric loading device of a press bending member in a drop hammer impact test as claimed in claim 5, wherein the lower surface of the upper pressing member and the upper surface of the lower pressing member are provided with detachable roller holders in which the rollers are detachably mounted.
7. The bidirectional eccentric loading device of a bending component in a drop hammer impact test according to claim 6, wherein the force transmission support of the first bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism is connected with the reaction frame I through a bolt III, and the reaction frame I is anchored into a reserved anchoring hole of the test bed through a bolt IV.
8. The bidirectional eccentric loading device for the press bending component in the drop hammer impact test is characterized in that the axial loading mechanism comprises a hydraulic jack and a disc spring;
the cylinder body of the hydraulic jack is arranged in the clamping groove of the reaction frame II, and the piston rod provides axial force for the force transmission support of the second bidirectional eccentric restraint mechanism through the disc spring.
9. The bi-directional eccentric loading device of a press bending component in a drop hammer impact test according to claim 8, wherein an axial force sensor is arranged between the belleville spring and the force transmission support of the second bi-directional eccentric restraining mechanism.
CN202110159965.5A 2021-02-05 2021-02-05 Bidirectional eccentric loading device for bending component in drop hammer impact test Active CN112880959B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116673361A (en) * 2023-08-04 2023-09-01 江苏欧泰机械有限公司 Cast iron pipe straightener

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CN109323939A (en) * 2018-11-23 2019-02-12 浙江大学 A kind of dynamic adhesion performance testing device based on Hopkinson pressure bar
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116673361A (en) * 2023-08-04 2023-09-01 江苏欧泰机械有限公司 Cast iron pipe straightener
CN116673361B (en) * 2023-08-04 2023-09-26 江苏欧泰机械有限公司 Cast iron pipe straightener

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