CN112880745A - Device and method for cultivating and detecting soil - Google Patents
Device and method for cultivating and detecting soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN112880745A CN112880745A CN202110120502.8A CN202110120502A CN112880745A CN 112880745 A CN112880745 A CN 112880745A CN 202110120502 A CN202110120502 A CN 202110120502A CN 112880745 A CN112880745 A CN 112880745A
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- soil
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- cultivation
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- cultivation box
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for cultivating and detecting soil, belonging to an agricultural cultivating device, comprising an agricultural machine headstock, a soil cultivating box and a signal acquisition terminal, wherein the middle part of the agricultural machine headstock is connected with a signal transmitter, the right side of the agricultural machine headstock is connected with a dust cover and a first sensor, the left side of the soil cultivating box is fixedly connected with a second sensor, the bottom of the soil cultivating box is fixedly connected with a fixed seat, a rotating shaft and a machine control console, the bottom of the machine control console is connected with a cultivating machine and a hydraulic cylinder, and the top end inside the soil cultivating box is fixedly connected with an execution control unit, compared with the prior art, the agricultural cultivating device has the beneficial effects that: the first sensor is designed to ensure that the soil condition can be determined before the soil cultivation of the soil cultivation machine, the second sensor is arranged to detect the soil condition after cultivation, the second sensor is designed to enable the soil condition after cultivation to feed back and transmit data in real time, and the execution control unit adjusts the cultivation depth of the cultivation machine in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an agricultural cultivation device, in particular to a device and a method for cultivation and soil detection.
Background
Agricultural machinery refers to various machines used in crop farming and animal husbandry production processes, as well as in the primary processing and treatment of agricultural and animal products, wherein basic soil farming machines are used to turn, loosen or deep-loosen, and break soil in soils, including birch plows, disc plows, chisel plows, rotary cultivators, and the like.
In the prior art devices and methods for variable soil cultivation, the working depth of the respective tillage implement (e.g. cultivator, subsoiler, plough or other tool) is set on the basis of external information provided by sensors of other independent devices for determining soil parameters for cultivation, and the tillage implement is controlled and adjusted on the basis of the information on the soil conditions. However, the devices and methods for soil cultivation in the prior art do not allow data to be obtained in real time, and the soil conditions must be obtained from other devices and the operating variables readjusted for the cultivating device. Therefore, there is a need to develop a device capable of detecting soil data, adjusting the tillage depth of the tillage implement in real time according to the soil conditions, and returning the post-tillage soil parameters, and a device and a method for tillage and soil detection are provided by those skilled in the art to solve the problems set forth in the background.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a cultivation and soil testing apparatus and method to solve the above-mentioned problems of the background art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a device and a method for cultivating and detecting soil comprise an agricultural machine headstock, a soil cultivation box and a signal acquisition terminal, wherein the soil cultivation box is arranged on the left side of the agricultural machine headstock, the agricultural machine headstock and the soil cultivation box are fixedly connected through a triangular support, the front side of the middle part of the agricultural machine headstock is fixedly connected with a signal transmitter, the middle part of the right side of the agricultural machine headstock is fixedly connected with a dust cover, and a first sensor is fixedly connected in the dust cover;
the utility model discloses a soil cultivation case, including soil cultivation case, machine tool control cabinet, mounting seat, pneumatic cylinder bottom and soil cultivation bottom of the case side fixedly connected with sensor No. two, soil cultivation bottom of the case left side fixedly connected with gyro wheel, soil cultivation bottom of the case left side is equipped with the gyro wheel, and soil cultivation bottom of the case fixedly connected with fixing base rotates in the middle part of the fixing base and is connected with the axis of rotation, axis of rotation outside fixedly connected with machines control cabinet, machines control cabinet bottom fixedly connected with mount pad, mount pad bottom threaded connection have farming machines, machines control cabinet bottom right side is equipped with the pneumatic cylinder, and fixed connection is adopted with soil cultivation bottom of the case side in the pneumatic.
As a further scheme of the invention: the signal transmitter is equipped with 2 groups in agricultural machinery locomotive front and back both sides.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the bottom of the machine tool control table is uniformly provided with 3 groups of tillage machine tools at the left and the right.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the through-hole is equipped with 3 groups at soil cultivation bottom of the case portion, and 3 groups of tillage machines correspond the through-hole that runs through.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the first sensor uses an inductive sensor or a radiation detector having a transmitting coil and a receiving coil, and the second sensor uses a radar sensor.
As a still further scheme of the invention: the first sensor, the second sensor, the hydraulic cylinder and the signal emitter are connected with the execution control unit through electric wires.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical method:
the soil detection method relates to equipment comprising a first sensor, a second sensor, a hydraulic cylinder, an execution control unit, a signal emitter and a signal acquisition terminal.
As a further method of the invention: the first sensor detects soil parameters on the farmland to be cultivated in a non-contact mode, the soil parameters comprise soil parameters such as conductivity, radioactivity, compactness or relative humidity of soil, and if the soil parameters do not accord with a preset model, measured soil data are uploaded.
As a still further method of the invention: the signal emitter emits the detection data of the first sensor and the second sensor to the signal collecting terminal, and the signal collecting terminal returns the data signal to the execution control unit through the signal emitter.
As a still further method of the invention: and the second sensor detects soil parameters on the cultivated land in a non-contact manner, wherein the soil parameters comprise the surface roughness of the cultivated land, the actual cultivation depth, the soil quality classification and the like, and if the soil parameters do not accord with a preset model, the measured soil data are uploaded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has clear structure and convenient use, is provided with a first sensor for detecting the soil condition and a controllable soil tillage machine, the first sensor is designed to ensure that the soil condition can be determined before the soil tillage machine tills, and the second sensor for detecting the soil condition after tillage is arranged, the second sensor is designed to ensure that the tillage soil condition can feed back and transmit data in real time, the execution control unit adjusts the tillage depth of the tillage machine in real time, and meanwhile, the tillage soil data transmitted by the second sensor can be reserved for storage and standby, thereby being worthy of popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus and method for cultivation and soil testing;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of a soil cultivation box in the apparatus and method for cultivation and soil testing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control loop used in the apparatus and method for cultivation and soil testing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control unit implemented in the control loop of the apparatus and method for cultivation and soil testing;
in the figure: the system comprises a 1-tillage land, a 2-second sensor, a 3-soil tillage box, a 4-signal acquisition terminal, a 5-triangular support, a 6-signal emitter, a 7-execution control unit, an 8-agricultural machine headstock, a 9-dust cover, a 10-first sensor, 11-rollers, 12-fixed seats, 13-rotating shafts, 14-machine control tables, 15-mounting seats, 16-tillage machines, 17-hydraulic cylinders and 18-through holes.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1-4, a device for cultivating and detecting soil comprises an agricultural machine head 8, a soil cultivation box 3 and a signal acquisition terminal 4, wherein the soil cultivation box 3 is arranged on the left side of the agricultural machine head 8, the agricultural machine head 8 and the soil cultivation box 3 are fixedly connected through a triangular bracket 5, a signal transmitter 6 is fixedly connected to the front side of the middle part of the agricultural machine head 8, a dust cover 9 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the right side of the agricultural machine head 8, and a first sensor 10 is fixedly connected to the inside of the dust cover 9;
the left side of the soil cultivation box 3 is fixedly connected with a second sensor 2, the left side of the bottom of the soil cultivation box 3 is provided with a roller 11, the bottom of the soil cultivation box 3 is fixedly connected with a fixed seat 12, the middle part of the fixed seat 12 is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft 13, the outer side of the rotating shaft 13 is fixedly connected with an implement control table 14, the bottom of the implement control table 14 is fixedly connected with an installation seat 15, the bottom of the installation seat 15 is in threaded connection with a cultivation implement 16, the right side of the bottom of the implement control table 14 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 17, the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 17 is fixedly connected with the bottom side of the soil cultivation box 3, the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 17 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the implement control table 14;
when the invention is used, the power is switched on, the first sensor 10 scans soil parameters such as conductivity, radioactivity, compactness or relative humidity of soil in a cultivated land 1, the obtained data is transmitted to the signal acquisition terminal 4 through the signal transmitter 6, the signal is transmitted back after the data is collected and processed by the signal acquisition terminal 4, the signal is transmitted to the execution control unit 7 through the signal transmitter 6, the execution control unit 7 sets the soil cultivation box 3, required cultivation machines 16 in the mounting seat 15 are adjusted, the hydraulic cylinder 17 is started, the machine control platform 14 is driven by the motion of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 17, the machine control platform 14 rotates to a proper position outside the rotating shaft 13, the agricultural machine head 8 is started, the agricultural machine head 8 moves to drive the soil cultivation box 3 to move for cultivation through the triangular bracket 5, the second sensor 2 scans the soil quality condition of the cultivated soil in the cultivation process of the device, the obtained data are transmitted to the signal acquisition terminal 4 through the signal transmitter 6, the signal acquisition terminal 4 transmits back signals after data collection and processing, the signals are transmitted to the execution control unit 7 through the signal transmitter 6, the execution control unit 7 adjusts the soil cultivation box 3, and the hydraulic cylinder 17 starts the adjusting machine tool control table 14 so as to adjust the cultivation depth of the cultivation machine tools 16 and adjust the soil cultivation in real time.
And 2 groups of signal transmitters 6 are arranged on the front side and the rear side of an agricultural machine head 8.
3 groups of tillage implements 16 are uniformly distributed at the left and right sides of the bottom of the implement control platform 14.
The through holes 18 are provided with 3 groups at the bottom of the soil cultivation box 3, and 3 groups of cultivation machines 16 correspondingly penetrate through the through holes 18.
The first sensor 10 uses an induction sensor or a radiation detector having a transmitting coil and a receiving coil, and the second sensor 2 uses a radar sensor.
The first sensor 10, the second sensor 2, the hydraulic cylinder 17 and the signal emitter 6 are connected with the execution control unit 7 through electric wires.
Example two: this embodiment is a further method of the previous embodiment: a soil detection method relates to equipment comprising a first sensor 10, a second sensor 2, a hydraulic cylinder 17, an execution control unit 7, a signal emitter 6 and a signal acquisition terminal 4.
The first sensor 10 detects soil parameters on the cultivated land 1 to be cultivated in a non-contact mode, wherein the soil parameters comprise soil parameters such as conductivity, radioactivity, compactness or relative humidity of soil, and if the soil parameters do not accord with a preset model, measured soil data are uploaded.
The signal emitter 6 emits the data detected by the first sensor 10 and the second sensor 2 to the signal collecting terminal, and the signal collecting terminal 4 returns the data signal to the execution control unit 7 through the signal emitter 6.
The second sensor 2 detects soil parameters on the cultivated land 1 in a non-contact mode, wherein the soil parameters comprise the surface roughness of the cultivated land 1, the actual cultivation depth, soil quality classification and other soil parameters, and if the soil parameters do not accord with a preset model, measured soil data are uploaded.
When the agricultural tilling device is operated in the intended manner, the sensor number one 10 is arranged in the front region of the agricultural tilling device, the sensor number two 2 is arranged in the rear region of the soil tilling tool or behind the agricultural implement, with respect to the direction of movement, the data from the sensor number one 10 and the sensor number two 2 are sent to a control circuit, the data transmission via the signal acquisition terminal 4 and the execution control unit 7 forms a closed control circuit, a control variable is defined for determining the tilling depth of the tilling implement 16, the designed closed-loop control prioritizes model parameters, the soil parameters detected by the sensor number one 10 are transmitted to the control circuit, the execution control unit 7 determines the set values of the control variables taking into account the model parameters (which can be read from a database), the execution control unit 7 in the control circuit can also process the data from the sensor number two 2, the execution control unit 7 is designed to determine the elevation variable of the hydraulic cylinder 17 in the soil cultivation box 3 from the control variable provided in the closed-loop control by comparing the actual value with the set value to determine the control variable of the processing, adjust the cultivation depth of the cultivation implement 16, and at the same time collect the data collected by the sensor number one 10 and the sensor number two 2 in the control loop via the information collecting terminal 4 for later use.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the invention is used, the power is switched on, the first sensor 10 scans soil parameters such as conductivity, radioactivity, compactness or relative humidity of soil in a cultivated land 1, the obtained data is transmitted to the signal acquisition terminal 4 through the signal transmitter 6, the signal is transmitted back after the data is collected and processed by the signal acquisition terminal 4, the signal is transmitted to the execution control unit 7 through the signal transmitter 6, the execution control unit 7 sets the soil cultivation box 3, required cultivation machines 16 in the mounting seat 15 are adjusted, the hydraulic cylinder 17 is started, the machine control platform 14 is driven by the motion of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 17, the machine control platform 14 rotates to a proper position outside the rotating shaft 13, the agricultural machine head 8 is started, the agricultural machine head 8 moves to drive the soil cultivation box 3 to move for cultivation through the triangular bracket 5, the second sensor 2 scans the soil quality condition of the cultivated soil in the cultivation process of the device, the obtained data are transmitted to the signal acquisition terminal 4 through the signal transmitter 6, the signal acquisition terminal 4 transmits back signals after data collection and processing, the signals are transmitted to the execution control unit 7 through the signal transmitter 6, the execution control unit 7 adjusts the soil cultivation box 3, and the hydraulic cylinder 17 starts the adjusting machine tool control table 14 so as to adjust the cultivation depth of the cultivation machine tools 16 and adjust the soil cultivation in real time.
According to the invention, when the agricultural cultivating device is operated in a desired manner, the first sensor 10 is arranged in the front area of the agricultural cultivating device, the second sensor 2 is arranged in the rear area of the soil cultivating tool or behind the agricultural implement, the data from the first sensor 10 and the second sensor 2 are transmitted to the control circuit, the data transmission forms a closed control circuit via the signal acquisition terminal 4 and the execution control unit 7, a control variable is defined, the control variable is used for determining the cultivating depth of the cultivating implement 16, the designed closed-loop control prioritizes the model parameters, the execution control unit 7 determines the set values of the control variable (the model parameters can be read from the database) in consideration of the model parameters according to the introduction of the soil parameters detected by the first sensor 10 into the control circuit, the execution control unit 7 in the control loop can also process the data from the sensor 2 II, determine the processed control variable by comparing the actual value with the set value, the execution control unit 7 is designed to determine the lifting variable of the hydraulic cylinder 17 in the soil cultivation box 3 from the control variable provided in the closed-loop control, adjust the cultivation depth of the cultivation tool 16, and simultaneously collect the data collected by the sensor 10I and the sensor 2 II in the control loop for standby through the information collection terminal 4.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A device and a method for cultivation and soil detection comprise an agricultural machine head (8), a soil cultivation box (3) and a signal acquisition terminal (4), wherein the soil cultivation box (3) is arranged on the left side of the agricultural machine head (8), and the agricultural machine head (8) and the soil cultivation box (3) are fixedly connected through a triangular support (5), and the device and the method are characterized in that a signal transmitter (6) is fixedly connected to the front side of the middle of the agricultural machine head (8), a dust cover (9) is fixedly connected to the middle of the right side of the agricultural machine head (8), and a first sensor (10) is fixedly connected in the dust cover (9);
the left side of the soil cultivation box (3) is fixedly connected with a second sensor (2), the left side of the bottom of the soil cultivation box (3) is provided with rollers (11), the bottom of the soil cultivation box (3) is fixedly connected with a fixed seat (12), the middle part of the fixed seat (12) is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft (13), the outer side of the rotating shaft (13) is fixedly connected with an implement control console (14), the bottom of the machine tool control table (14) is fixedly connected with an installation seat (15), the bottom of the installation seat (15) is connected with a tillage machine tool (16) through threads, the right side of the bottom of the machine tool control table (14) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder (17), the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder (17) is fixedly connected with the bottom side of the soil cultivation box (3), the upper end part of the hydraulic cylinder (17) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the machine tool control table (14), the soil cultivation box is characterized in that a through hole (18) is formed in the bottom of the soil cultivation box (3), and an execution control unit (7) is fixedly connected to the top end inside the soil cultivation box (3).
2. A device and a method for tilling and soil testing according to claim 1, wherein the signal emitters (6) are provided in 2 groups on the front and rear sides of the agricultural machinery front (8).
3. A tilling and soil testing device and method according to claim 1, wherein 3 sets of tilling implements (16) are provided on the bottom of the implement console (14) side-to-side.
4. A device and a method for cultivation and soil testing according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that the through-holes (18) are provided with 3 groups at the bottom of the soil cultivation box (3), and 3 groups of cultivation tools (16) are correspondingly provided through the through-holes (18).
5. A device and a method for tilling and soil detection according to claim 1, wherein the sensor number one (10) uses an induction sensor or a radiation detector having a transmitting coil and a receiving coil, and the sensor number two (2) uses a radar sensor.
6. A device and a method for tilling and soil testing according to claim 1, wherein the sensor number one (10), the sensor number two (2), the hydraulic cylinder (17) and the signal emitter (6) are connected with the execution control unit (7) through electric wires.
7. A device and a method for tilling and soil testing according to claim 1, characterized in that the method for soil testing involves equipment including a sensor number one (10), a sensor number two (2), a hydraulic cylinder (17), an execution control unit (7), a signal emitter (6) and a signal acquisition terminal (4).
8. A device and a method for cultivation and soil testing in accordance with claim 1 or 7, characterized by that, the first sensor (10) non-contact detects soil parameters on the cultivated land (1) to be cultivated, including conductivity, radioactivity, compactness or relative humidity of the soil, if not in accordance with the preset model, the measured soil data is uploaded.
9. A device and a method for cultivation and soil detection according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the signal emitter (6) emits the data detected by the sensor (10) and the sensor (2) to the signal collection terminal, and the signal collection terminal (4) transmits the data signal back to the execution control unit (7) through the signal emitter (6).
10. A device and a method for cultivation and soil detection according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that the second sensor (2) detects the soil parameters on the cultivated land (1) in a non-contact way, including the soil parameters of the surface roughness, the actual cultivation depth, the soil quality classification and the like of the cultivated land (1), and if the soil parameters do not accord with the preset model, the measured soil data are uploaded.
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Application publication date: 20210601 |