CN112879900A - Method for burning high alkali metal coal - Google Patents

Method for burning high alkali metal coal Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112879900A
CN112879900A CN202110169358.7A CN202110169358A CN112879900A CN 112879900 A CN112879900 A CN 112879900A CN 202110169358 A CN202110169358 A CN 202110169358A CN 112879900 A CN112879900 A CN 112879900A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
alkali metal
coal
boiler
temperature
fluidized bed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202110169358.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
党小建
吴寿贵
刘爱军
王晓乾
王林
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd filed Critical Xian Thermal Power Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority to CN202110169358.7A priority Critical patent/CN112879900A/en
Publication of CN112879900A publication Critical patent/CN112879900A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/24Devices for removal of material from the bed
    • F23C10/26Devices for removal of material from the bed combined with devices for partial reintroduction of material into the bed, e.g. after separation of agglomerated parts
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18Details; Accessories
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23CMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18Details; Accessories
    • F23C10/28Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus

Abstract

The method for burning high-alkali metal coal is characterized by that the high-alkali metal coal is fed into fluidized bed boiler to make combustion, and the bed temperature is set at 780-870 deg.C, and said temp. range not only can ensure stable combustion of boiler, but also can keep relatively low temp., and can effectively limit volatilization quantity of alkali metal, and can control boiler to prevent coking, reduce contamination and corrosion, etc. Most alkali metals are contained in the slag and can be discharged out of the furnace through a deslagging system without participating in boiler combustion. The material returning system adopts a steam cooling mode, on one hand, the bed temperature can be reasonably controlled, and meanwhile, the temperature of the circulating ash is also in a reasonable range. The heating surface of the fluidized bed boiler is additionally provided with a part of tube panels to ensure the temperature of main steam and the temperature of reheat steam. The invention can reduce the problems of coking, corrosion, slag bonding and the like of the boiler under the condition of 100 percent combustion of the high alkali metal coal, and improve the utilization rate of the alkali metal coal. Meanwhile, large-scale reconstruction is not needed, and the method has wide engineering application prospect.

Description

Method for burning high alkali metal coal
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of boiler combustion, and particularly relates to a method for combusting high-alkali metal coal.
Background
At present, the high-alkali coal in the east-west region of XinjiangThe amount of the coal is about 4000 hundred million tons, and the coal is an important coal source base in the future, but the high alkaline elements of the coal, such as sodium, potassium and the like, can cause the problems of slag bonding, contamination, corrosion, dust deposition and the like of a boiler for combustion, and seriously affect the safe operation of the boiler. At present, some existing methods can weaken the adverse effect of burning high-sodium potassium coal on boiler combustion, but all have large limitations. For example, the main means for burning high sodium potassium coal in the existing boiler are as follows: 1. and (5) blending and burning. The coal in the east-west Xinjiang area is typical high-sodium potassium coal, and the coal is mostly burnt by a co-combustion method in a power plant boiler in the area, the co-combustion ratio can only reach about 50 percent generally, and the use of the coal in a pulverized coal boiler is greatly limited. 2. And (4) adding an additive. The foreign material is dolomite (dolomite, CaMgCO)3) Diatomaceous earth, activated alumina, MgO (magnesium oxide), Ammonia (Ammonia), and the like. Another more efficient method of removing alkali metal vapors is by using an adsorption filter bed. The additive mainly comprises active alumina, silicon monoxide, diatomite and coal fly ash. However, different additives and different mixing ratios of different types of coal can cause the ash melting characteristics of high-sodium coal to be deteriorated, inappropriate blending combustion substances form low-temperature co-melting bodies, the melting temperature of coal ash is reduced, the contamination and slagging degree is increased, and the ash amount is increased. 3. And (4) preprocessing the fuel. The sodium content of the treated coal can be greatly reduced by the high-sodium coal upgrading technology, so that the release of sodium in the combustion process of the coal is reduced, and the pollution influence caused by the combustion of the high-sodium coal is reduced. But requires an additional pre-treatment system, increasing the amount of operational maintenance and costs. 4. The heat exchange surface treatment technology which is carried out by adopting the corrosion-resistant high-temperature alloy material and the pipe wall coating increases the equipment investment. The above problems greatly limit the application of the high alkali metal coal, and therefore, it is necessary and important to develop a new method for burning the high alkali metal coal.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the combustion of the high-alkali coal influences the safe operation of the boiler in the prior art, and provides a method for combusting the high-alkali coal, which ensures the stable combustion of the boiler, has a certain inhibiting effect on the volatilization of alkali metals, effectively reduces the coking, corrosion, slag bonding and the like of the boiler, improves the utilization rate of the alkali coal, and is easy to operate and realize.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention has the following technical scheme:
a method for burning high-alkali metal coal is to burn at 780-870 deg.C.
In the embodiment of the invention, the content of alkali metal in the high alkali metal coal is 3-10%.
In the embodiment of the invention, the high alkali metal coal has the received base ash content of 3-10%, the dry base ash content of 4-12% and the average value of the dry base ash content of 6%.
In the embodiment of the invention, the high alkali metal coal is low-sulfur coal.
A method for burning high-alkali metal coal includes such steps as burning the high-alkali metal coal in fluidized-bed boiler at 780-870 deg.C, and discharging the slag containing alkali metal without participating in the combustion of boiler.
Preferably, the fluidized bed boiler is a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
Preferably, the material returning system of the fluidized bed boiler adopts a steam cooling mode.
Preferably, the heating surface of the fluidized bed boiler is additionally provided with a tube panel.
Preferably, the tube panel is increased and set according to the main steam temperature and the reheat steam temperature, and the tube panel is used for ensuring that the main steam temperature and the reheat steam temperature meet the requirements of the steam turbine with the corresponding grade.
Preferably, the slag containing the alkali metal is discharged out of the furnace through a deslagging system; when the bed temperature exceeds 900 ℃, feeding additives into the fluidized bed boiler for emergency cooling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the temperature has a large influence on the volatilization of alkali metals, the volatilization amount is small before 900 ℃, the volatilization amount of sodium is improved by about one time of combustion characteristic after 900 ℃, and high-alkali metal coal is combusted at 780-870 ℃, so that the stable combustion of a boiler can be ensured in the temperature range, and the relatively low temperature can be kept, thereby effectively limiting the volatilization amount of alkali metals, and realizing the purposes of preventing the boiler from coking, reducing contamination and corrosion and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the high-alkali metal coal is introduced into the fluidized bed boiler for combustion, the bed temperature is set to be 780-870 ℃, and the sticky dirt on the heated surface at the tail part can be effectively reduced by utilizing the characteristics that the fluidized bed boiler has large fuel granularity, most ash is internally circulated, and only a small part of smoke can be brought out. After the high alkali metal coal is burnt, most of the alkali metal is contained in the slag, so that the slag containing the alkali metal can be discharged out of the furnace without participating in the combustion of the boiler.
Furthermore, the material returning system of the fluidized bed boiler adopts a steam cooling mode, so that on one hand, the bed temperature can be reasonably controlled, and on the other hand, the temperature of circulating ash can be in a reasonable range.
Furthermore, the heating surface of the fluidized bed boiler is additionally provided with the tube panel, the tube panel is additionally arranged according to the main steam temperature and the reheat steam temperature, the areas of the convection heating surface and the tail heating surface are increased, and the tube panel is used for ensuring that the main steam temperature and the reheat steam temperature meet the requirements of the steam turbine of the corresponding grade, so that the problem that the steam parameters of the heating surface cannot meet the requirements due to the reduction of the bed temperature of the boiler is avoided.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
The method for burning high-alkali metal coal combines the characteristics of large influence of temperature on alkali metal volatilization, the volatilization quantity is small before 900 ℃, and the volatilization quantity of sodium is improved by about one time after 900 ℃, so that the high-alkali metal coal is burnt at 780-870 ℃. In the temperature range, the stable combustion of the boiler can be ensured, and the relatively low temperature can be kept, so that the volatilization amount of alkali metal can be effectively limited, the boiler can be controlled not to be coked, and the contamination, corrosion and the like can be reduced.
A method for burning high-alkali metal coal includes such steps as burning the high-alkali metal coal in fluidized-bed boiler at 780-870 deg.C, and discharging the slag containing alkali metal without participating in the combustion of boiler. The characteristics that the granularity of the fuel of the fluidized bed boiler is large, most of ash is internal circulation, and only a small part of smoke can be brought out are utilized, so that the sticking dirt on the heating surface at the tail part is reduced. The specific fluidized bed boiler combustion mode is selected in combination with controlling the bed temperature so that the alkali metal volatility content is controlled to a substantially low level.
In the embodiment of the invention, if the bed temperature exceeds 900 ℃, the bed temperature is fed into the bed temperature emergency control mechanism of the fluidized bed, and the bed temperature emergency control mechanism comprises a slag discharge device and a limestone feeding device, so that the bed temperature can be reduced to a reasonable range as soon as possible. The limestone delivery devices are arranged in two layers, and can be simultaneously used for delivering additives such as dolomite, activated alumina, diatomite and the like.
The fluidized bed boiler described in the embodiment of the present invention employs a circulating fluidized bed boiler. The material returning system of the fluidized bed boiler adopts a steam cooling mode. On one hand, the bed temperature can be reasonably controlled, and on the other hand, the temperature of the circulating ash can be in a reasonable range. And a tube panel is additionally arranged on the heating surface of the fluidized bed boiler, the tube panel is additionally arranged according to the main steam temperature and the reheat steam temperature, the areas of the convection heating surface and the tail heating surface are increased, and the tube panel is used for ensuring that the main steam temperature and the reheat steam temperature meet the requirements of the steam turbine of the corresponding grade, so that the problem that the steam parameters of the heating surface cannot meet the requirements due to the reduction of the bed temperature of the boiler is avoided.
In the embodiment of the invention, the content of alkali metal in the high-alkali metal coal is 3-10%. The received basic ash content of the high alkali metal coal is between 3 and 10 percent, the dry basic ash content is between 4 and 12 percent, and the average value of the dry basic ash content is 6 percent. The high alkali metal coal is low sulfur coal.
Through practical verification, the method for combusting the high alkali metal coal can effectively reduce the problems of coking, corrosion, slag bonding and the like of the boiler under the condition that the high alkali metal coal is 100 percent combusted, and improve the utilization rate of the alkali metal coal. Meanwhile, the method provided by the invention does not need to modify a combustion boiler on a large scale, and the modification cost is low, so that the method has a wide engineering application prospect.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the technical solution of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution can be modified and replaced by a plurality of simple modifications and replacements without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention, and the modifications and replacements also fall into the protection scope covered by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A method for burning high alkali metal coal is characterized in that the burning is carried out at the temperature of 780-870 ℃.
2. The method of burning high alkali coal according to claim 1, wherein: the content of alkali metal in the high alkali metal coal is 3-10%.
3. The method of burning high alkali coal according to claim 1, wherein: the received basic ash content of the high alkali metal coal is between 3% and 10%, the dry basic ash content is between 4% and 12%, and the average value of the dry basic ash content is 6%.
4. The method of burning high alkali coal according to claim 1, wherein: the high alkali metal coal is low sulfur coal.
5. A method for burning high-alkali metal coal is characterized in that the high-alkali metal coal is introduced into a fluidized bed boiler for combustion, the bed temperature is set to be 780-870 ℃, slag containing alkali metal is discharged without participating in boiler combustion.
6. The method of burning high alkali coal according to claim 5, wherein: the fluidized bed boiler adopts a circulating fluidized bed boiler.
7. The method of burning high alkali coal according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the material returning system of the fluidized bed boiler adopts a steam cooling mode.
8. The method of burning high alkali coal according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the heating surface of the fluidized bed boiler is additionally provided with a tube panel.
9. The method of burning high alkali coal according to claim 8, wherein: the tube panel is increased and set according to the main steam temperature and the reheat steam temperature, and the tube panel is used for ensuring that the main steam temperature and the reheat steam temperature meet the requirements of the steam turbine with the corresponding grade.
10. The method of burning high alkali coal according to claim 5, wherein: discharging slag containing alkali metal to the outside of the furnace through a deslagging system; when the bed temperature exceeds 900 ℃, feeding additives into the fluidized bed boiler for emergency cooling.
CN202110169358.7A 2021-02-07 2021-02-07 Method for burning high alkali metal coal Pending CN112879900A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110169358.7A CN112879900A (en) 2021-02-07 2021-02-07 Method for burning high alkali metal coal

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110169358.7A CN112879900A (en) 2021-02-07 2021-02-07 Method for burning high alkali metal coal

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CN112879900A true CN112879900A (en) 2021-06-01

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002349819A (en) * 2001-05-28 2002-12-04 Takuma Co Ltd Fluidized bed type combustion method and device for waste containing agglomerate component
CN102563688A (en) * 2012-03-02 2012-07-11 西安交通大学 Boiler thermodynamic system for burning fuel with low ash melting point and high sodium-potassium content
CN103423738A (en) * 2013-07-01 2013-12-04 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Compact type circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning high sodium coal
CN204005967U (en) * 2014-08-15 2014-12-10 中国东方电气集团有限公司 Solve based on quick ICFB the system that high basic metal coal combustion stains
CN111322608A (en) * 2020-04-01 2020-06-23 新疆硝石钾肥有限公司 Circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure burning of high-alkali high-chlorine coal and operation method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002349819A (en) * 2001-05-28 2002-12-04 Takuma Co Ltd Fluidized bed type combustion method and device for waste containing agglomerate component
CN102563688A (en) * 2012-03-02 2012-07-11 西安交通大学 Boiler thermodynamic system for burning fuel with low ash melting point and high sodium-potassium content
CN103423738A (en) * 2013-07-01 2013-12-04 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 Compact type circulating fluidized bed boiler for burning high sodium coal
CN204005967U (en) * 2014-08-15 2014-12-10 中国东方电气集团有限公司 Solve based on quick ICFB the system that high basic metal coal combustion stains
CN111322608A (en) * 2020-04-01 2020-06-23 新疆硝石钾肥有限公司 Circulating fluidized bed boiler for pure burning of high-alkali high-chlorine coal and operation method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
魏砾宏: ""高碱煤钠赋存形态及其燃烧过程中迁移转化的研究进展"", 《燃料化学学报》 *

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Application publication date: 20210601