CN112879197B

CN112879197B - Water turbine and hydroelectric generator

Info

Publication number: CN112879197B
Application number: CN202110061913.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郑青焕
Original assignee: Shenzhen Guanglan Electric Power Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Guanglan Electric Power Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-01-18
Filing date: 2021-01-18
Publication date: 2022-06-21
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-18
Also published as: CN112879197A

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of power generation equipment, and provides a water turbine and a hydroelectric generator, wherein the water turbine comprises a shell, a water inlet and one or two water outlets are arranged on the shell, the water flow of the water inlet is radial water flow, and the water flow of the water outlets is axial water flow; the generator is arranged in the shell, and two ends of a rotating shaft of the generator respectively extend to the corresponding water outlets; the water flow guide assemblies are the same as the water outlets in number and are arranged at the corresponding water outlets, the water flow guide assemblies change the direction of water flow in the shell from axial water flow to radial water flow, and the water wheel assemblies are the same as the water outlets in number, are respectively arranged at the corresponding water outlets and are connected with the rotating shaft; water flows into the shell through the water inlet, and the water wheel assembly is driven to rotate at the water outlet so as to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the generator generates electricity. The water turbine can be suitable for different water flow environments, and has the advantages of high power generation efficiency and low cost.

Description

Water turbine and hydroelectric generator

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of power generation equipment, and particularly provides a water turbine and a hydroelectric generator.

Background

In the existing hydroelectric power generation system, a core component of the hydroelectric power generation system can be divided into two types, namely an impulse turbine and a reaction turbine according to the working principle. The impulse turbine is divided into a cutting machine type (also called a bucket type) and an inclined jet type according to the flow direction of the water flow; the structure of the inclined jet turbine is basically the same as that of the pelton turbine, but the jet flow direction of the inclined jet turbine has an inclined angle and is only used for small units.

The runner of the reaction type water turbine rotates under the reaction force of water flow in water, and the potential energy and the kinetic energy of the water flow are changed in the working process, but the potential energy is mainly converted. The reaction type water turbine can be divided into a mixed flow type, an axial flow type, a diagonal flow type and a through flow type. In the mixed-flow water turbine, water flow enters in the radial direction and flows out of the rotating shaft in the axial direction; in an axial flow hydraulic turbine, water flows enter a runner in a radial direction and enter and flow out of the runner in an axial direction; in the diagonal flow type water turbine, water flow enters a rotating wheel in a radial direction and forms a certain angle with a main shaft of a generator or enters the rotating wheel in a direction inclined to the main shaft; in a flow turbine, the water flows axially into and out of the runner.

However, in these existing hydroelectric generators, different types of hydroelectric generators require different water flows to achieve better power generation efficiency. For example, impulse turbines are suitable for high water levels and low water pressures; the mixed-flow water turbine is suitable for the conditions of high water level and high flow; the through-flow turbine is suitable for low water level and large flow. In addition, the existing water turbines have certain water leakage rate, so that the power generation efficiency of the water turbines is reduced, the existing water turbines are various in types, and the applicable water flow environments of the various water turbines are single.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the application is to provide a hydraulic turbine, aim at solving among the prior art single kind of hydraulic turbine can't be applicable to the technical problem of various rivers environment.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: a water turbine, comprising:

the water outlet is arranged at one or two positions, the two water outlets are symmetrically arranged relative to the water inlet, the opening direction of the water inlet is the radial direction of the shell, and the opening direction of the water outlet is the axial direction of the shell;

the generator is arranged in the shell, one end of a rotating shaft of the generator extends to the water outlet, or two ends of the rotating shaft of the generator respectively extend to the corresponding water outlet;

the water flow guide assemblies are the same as the water outlets in number and are arranged at the corresponding water outlets, and the water flow guide assemblies change the water flow direction in the shell from axial water flow to radial water flow; and the number of the first and second groups,

the water wheel assemblies are the same as the water outlets in number, are arranged in the water outlet direction of the corresponding water flow guide assembly and are connected with the rotating shaft; radial water flows into the shell through the water inlet, axial water flow is formed at the water outlet, then the water flow direction is changed into radial water flow through the water flow guide assembly, and then the water wheel assembly is driven to rotate so as to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the generator generates electricity.

In one embodiment, the housing includes a mounting plate, an arc plate with two ends fixed on the mounting plate at intervals, and two side plates respectively disposed on two sides of the arc plate, the water outlets are respectively disposed on the side plates, the water inlets are disposed on the mounting plate, and an arc channel is formed between the generator and the arc plate after the generator is mounted in the housing.

In one embodiment, the generator further comprises a generator body, the rotating shaft is arranged in the generator body, the two ends of the rotating shaft extend out of the generator body, a first mounting flange is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft, a second mounting flange is arranged at the end of the generator body, the first mounting flange is connected with the water wheel assembly, and the second mounting flange is connected with the water flow guiding assembly.

In one embodiment, the water flow guiding assembly comprises a first fixing ring, a second fixing ring and a plurality of guide vanes arranged between the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring at intervals, two ends of each guide vane are fixedly connected with the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring respectively, the second fixing ring is connected with the side plate, and the first fixing ring is connected with the second mounting flange to fix the generator in the shell.

In one embodiment, the water wheels subassembly include the solid fixed ring of water wheels, a plurality of interval be the circumference arrange in the solid fixed ring of water wheels on the water wheels blade, be fixed in the solid fixed ring one end of water wheels and sealed a plurality of the water wheels blade is with the water wheels dish of one side and be fixed in a plurality of the collar of the opposite side of water wheels blade, the collar with have the clearance between the solid fixed ring of water wheels so that radial rivers flow in adjacent two in the clearance between the water wheels blade and warp the water wheels dish blocks to change the back edge the solid fixed ring's of water wheels radial direction flows, the solid fixed ring of water wheels with first mounting flange connects.

In one embodiment, a labyrinth seal is provided between the mounting ring and the second retaining ring.

In one embodiment, a water flow reversing column is arranged between the water wheel fixing ring and the water wheel disc, the water flow reversing column is coaxially arranged with the water wheel fixing ring, and the water wheel reversing column is in a cone shape gradually expanding in the direction from the mounting ring to the water wheel disc.

In one embodiment, the water wheel assembly comprises a water wheel fixing ring, a water wheel guide ring and a plurality of water wheel blades arranged at intervals between the water wheel fixing ring and the water wheel guide ring, the water wheel fixing ring is connected with the first mounting flange, and the water wheel fixing ring, the water wheel guide ring and the water wheel blades rotate synchronously.

In one embodiment, the water wheel subassembly includes the solid fixed ring of water wheel, water wheel guide ring and a plurality of interval locate the solid fixed ring of water wheel reaches the water wheel blade between the water wheel guide ring, the one end of water wheel blade is fixed in on the solid fixed ring's of water wheel outer peripheral face, the other end of water wheel blade with clearance setting between the water wheel guide ring, the solid fixed ring of water wheel with first mounting flange is connected, the water wheel guide ring with the solid fixed ring of second is connected.

It is another object of the present application to provide a hydro-generator comprising a water turbine as described above.

The application provides a hydraulic turbine and hydroelectric generator's beneficial effect lies in: through set up one or two delivery ports on the casing to can select the quantity of installation water wheel subassembly according to the water level condition, have following advantage when setting up two water wheel subassemblies: on the first hand, under the condition of the same water flow, the two water wheel assemblies are easier to drive, so that the water flow can be better utilized and the water flow environment can be adapted, and the power generation efficiency of the water turbine is improved; in the second aspect, the force applied by the two water wheel assemblies to the rotating shaft of the generator is more uniform, and the generator is well protected; the third aspect can effectively reduce the whole size of hydraulic turbine to reduce the cost, and because two water wheels subassembly symmetries set up, the water impact force that single water wheel subassembly needs is little, consequently can be applicable to different rivers environment, has improved the suitability.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise.

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a water turbine provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a water turbine provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a casing in a hydraulic turbine according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a generator in a water turbine provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a water flow guide assembly in a water turbine according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a first construction of a turbine hydro-wheel assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is an exploded view of a first configuration of a turbine hydro-wheel assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 8 is a partial structural schematic view of a labyrinth seal ring in a water turbine provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second construction of a turbine hydro-wheel assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded view of a second configuration of a turbine hydro-wheel assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a third configuration of a turbine hydro-wheel assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded structure of a third structure of a turbine hydro-wheel assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Reference numerals are as follows: 1. a housing; 11. mounting a plate; 111. a water inlet; 112. a guide plate; 12. an arc-shaped plate; 121. an arc-shaped channel; 122. an observation window; 13. a side plate; 131. a water outlet; 132. a second fastener; 14. a handle; 2. a generator; 21. a generator body; 22. a rotating shaft; 23. a first mounting flange; 24. a second mounting flange; 3. a water wheel assembly; 31. a water wheel fixing ring; 311. a second retainer ring; 312. a third fastener; 32. a water wheel blade; 33. a water wheel disc; 34. a mounting ring; 35. a water flow reversing column; 36. a water wheel guide ring; 4. a water flow directing assembly; 41. a first retaining ring; 411. a first retainer ring; 412. a first fastener; 42. a second retaining ring; 43. a guide blade; 5. a labyrinth seal ring; 51. a groove; 52. and a fourth fastener.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings only for the convenience of description and simplicity of description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated in a particular manner, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present application, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a water turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail. The water turbine comprises a housing 1, a generator 2 and a water wheel assembly 3. Wherein, the shell 1 is provided with a water inlet 111 and one or two water outlets 131. Wherein, two delivery ports 131 are arranged for water inlet 111 symmetry, and the opening direction of water inlet 111 is the radial direction of casing 1, and the rivers that flow into casing 1 through water inlet 111 are radial rivers promptly, and the opening direction of delivery port 131 is axial direction, and the rivers that flow out casing 1 through delivery port 131 are axial rivers promptly. When one water outlet 131 is arranged, one water wheel component 3 is arranged, the generator 2 is arranged in the shell 1, and one end of the rotating shaft 22 of the generator 2 extends to the position of the water outlet 131; when two water outlets 131 are arranged, two water wheel assemblies 3 are arranged, and two ends of the rotating shaft 22 of the generator 2 respectively extend to the corresponding water outlets 131, that is, the number of the water wheel assemblies 3 is the same as that of the water outlets 131; in the following embodiments of the present application, two water outlets 131 are provided for detailed description.

The two water wheel assemblies 3 are respectively arranged at the corresponding water outlets 131 and are respectively connected with one end of the rotating shaft 22; water flows through the water inlet 111 and radially flows into the shell 1, and when the water flows out of the shell 1 at the water outlet 131, the water flow direction is changed into axial water flow and flows out of the shell 1, the water wheel assembly 3 is driven to rotate so as to drive the rotating shaft 22 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 22 rotates so as to realize power generation of the generator 2. In the present embodiment, all radial directions may be referred to as a radial direction of the rotating shaft 22, and all axial directions may be referred to as an axial direction of the rotating shaft 22.

The hydraulic turbine provided by the embodiment of the application can select the number of the water wheel assemblies 3 according to the specific situation of the water level by arranging one or two water outlets 131 on the shell 1. When the water flow is high water level and high water pressure, a water wheel component 3 can be arranged; when rivers are high water level high water pressure or low water level low water pressure, can set up two hydraulic assembly 3, and two hydraulic assembly 3 have following advantage: on the first hand, under the same water flow condition, the two water wheel assemblies 3 can better utilize water flow, so that the power generation efficiency of the water turbine is improved, and the two water wheel assemblies 3 can be suitable for the water flow condition of low water level or high water level, so that the applicability is improved; in the second aspect, the force applied by the two water wheel assemblies 3 on the rotating shaft 22 of the generator 2 is more uniform, and the generator 2 is well protected; the third aspect can effectively reduce the whole size of hydraulic turbine to reduce the cost, and because 3 symmetries of two water wheels subassembly set up, can be applicable to different rivers environment, improved the adaptability.

As shown in fig. 1-3, in this embodiment, the housing 1 includes a mounting plate 11, an arc plate 12 having two ends fixed to the mounting plate 11, and two side plates 13 respectively disposed at two sides of the arc plate 12, each water outlet 131 is disposed on the corresponding side plate 13, that is, one water outlet 131 is disposed on one side plate 13, and the water inlet 111 is disposed on the mounting plate 11. Specifically, the mounting plate 11 is a rectangular plate, the periphery of the mounting plate 11 is provided with a plurality of fasteners, the fasteners are used for mounting the water turbine in a water flow environment, and the fasteners are high-strength bolts. The two ends of the arc-shaped plate 12 are hermetically connected with the mounting plate 11 in a welding mode, and the two side plates 13 are hermetically connected with the arc-shaped plate 12 and the mounting plate 11 in a welding mode respectively. The housing 1 of the present embodiment has the advantages of simple manufacture and low cost.

The arc plate 12 is provided with an observation window 122, and the observation window 122 is used for the purpose of facilitating confirmation of the presence or absence of impurities or the like in the housing 1. After the mounting plate 11, the side plate 13 and the arc-shaped plate 12 are mutually connected in a sealing manner, a mounting cavity is formed inside the mounting plate, and the generator 2 is mounted in the mounting cavity. In this embodiment, the surface of the case 1 is coated with a rust inhibitive paint.

In this embodiment, the radial section of the arc-shaped plate 12 is C-shaped, G-shaped or U-shaped, and the diameter of the generator 2 is smaller than that of the arc-shaped plate 12, so that after the generator 2 is installed in the installation cavity of the housing 1, an arc-shaped channel 121 is formed between the generator 2 and the arc-shaped plate 12, and the arc-shaped channel 121 is communicated with the water inlet 111 to form an annular channel. After the both ends of generator 2 are fixed on casing 1 promptly, have a certain interval between generator 2's whole and arc 12, be roughly annular in casing 1 after this interval and water inlet 111 communicate, this annular passage's effect makes rivers form the vortex through the annular passage behind the water inlet 111 gets into casing 1, then drives water wheel subassembly 3 and rotates when flowing through delivery port 131 again. And the water flow forms vortex to improve the utilization rate of water flow energy and ensure the generating efficiency.

As shown in fig. 3, a guide plate 112 is disposed at the water inlet 111 on the mounting plate 11, the guide plate 112 extends toward the inside of the housing 1, and the guide plate 112 is inclined upward or inclined downward or horizontally so that the radial water flowing from the water inlet 111 enters the housing 1 and then flows in the same direction in the arc-shaped channel 121. In this embodiment, guide board 112 level setting and extend to generator 2's top, direct like this with rivers guide to the arc passageway 121 department of keeping away from water inlet 111 (directly leading rivers to the one side that generator 2 kept away from water inlet 111 promptly), effectively avoid rivers to block because of generator 2 at arc passageway 121 near water inlet 111 department and shunt like this, be favorable to increasing potential energy and the kinetic energy of rivers in casing 1, guide board 112's effect makes rivers form the same vortex of flow direction in the annular channel, guarantee the utilization ratio of rivers energy.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a handle 14 is provided on the housing 1, specifically, the handle 14 is provided on the side plate 13, two handles 14 are symmetrically provided, and the handle 14 is used for facilitating the extraction or carrying of the water turbine by work.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 5, a water flow guide assembly 4 is disposed on the housing 1 at the water outlet 131, and two water flow guide assemblies 4 are disposed on the housing 1 and are respectively disposed at the corresponding water outlets 131. The water flow guiding assembly 4 is used for changing the direction of water flow flowing out of the water outlet 131 in the shell 1, so that the water flow can impact the water wheel assembly 3 more powerfully, and the utilization efficiency of water flow energy (potential energy, kinetic energy and inertia performance of the water flow) can be improved. The rivers in the casing 1 are axial rivers when flowing through delivery port 131 promptly, and axial rivers are less to water wheel assembly 3's impact force for rivers energy utilization is not high, and when axial rivers lead to water flow direction subassembly 4 and change into and strike water wheel assembly 3 after radial rivers again, radial rivers reach the biggest to water wheel assembly 3's impact force this moment, thereby make more effectual impact water wheel assembly 3 of rivers, in order to improve the generating efficiency. Due to the action of the water flow guide assembly 4, even if the water flow is smaller, the water flow can drive the water wheel assembly 3 to rotate, so that the water turbine can be suitable for the condition of lower water level.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, in the present embodiment, the generator 2 further includes a generator body 21, the generator body 21 at least includes a cylindrical housing, an internal rotor, a stator, and the like, and the generator body 21 may be a conventional generator 2, which will not be described in detail herein. Wherein, the generator body 21 is stretched out at the both ends that pivot 22 located in the generator body 21 and pivot 22, the outer tip that the generator body 21 was stretched out to pivot 22 is equipped with first mounting flange 23, the tip of generator body 21 is equipped with second mounting flange 24 outward, first mounting flange 23 is connected with water wheel assembly 3, thereby realize pivot 22 and water wheel assembly 3's synchronous rotation, second mounting flange 24 is connected with rivers direction subassembly 4, thereby realize being connected of generator 2 and casing 1. In this embodiment, the diameter of the generator body 21 is smaller than the diameter of the arc plate 12 and smaller than the diameter of the water outlet 131, and the generator 2 body and the water outlet 131 are coaxially arranged, so that the arc channel 121 can be formed.

As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the water flow guide assembly 4 includes a first fixing ring 41, a second fixing ring 42, and a plurality of guide vanes 43 disposed between the first fixing ring 41 and the second fixing ring 42 at intervals. The first fixing ring 41 is an inner ring, the second fixing ring 42 is an outer ring, and two ends of the guide vane 43 are respectively fixedly connected with the first fixing ring 41 and the second fixing ring 42. In the present embodiment, the first fixing ring 41, the guide vane 43, and the second fixing ring 42 are integrally formed or one end of the first fixing ring 41 and the guide vane 43 are welded and the other end of the second fixing ring 42 and the guide vane 43 are welded. In the present embodiment, the second fixing ring 42 is connected to the side plate 13, and the first fixing ring 41 is connected to the second mounting flange 24 to fix the generator 2 in the housing 1 and form the arc-shaped passage 121. Specifically, a first fixing ring 411 is radially and convexly arranged in the first fixing ring 41, the first fixing ring 411 is connected with the first mounting flange 23 through a plurality of first fasteners 412, and the first fasteners 412 are bolts or screws; the second fixing ring 42 and the side plate 13 are connected by a plurality of second fasteners 132, and the second fasteners 132 are bolts or screws. The gap between the first fixing ring 41 and the second fixing ring 42 is the height of the guide vane 43, and there is a gap between two adjacent guide vanes 43, the gap is used for the inflow and outflow of the water flow, the guide vane 43 is arranged obliquely and forms an acute angle with the axis of the rotating shaft 22, and the acute angle is 10-30 degrees, the guide vane 43 is used for changing the axial water flow into the radial water flow, so that the radial water flow impacts the water wheel assembly 3. The water flow guide component 4 is made of steel material and the outer surface is coated with antirust paint.

As shown in fig. 2, 6 and 7, in the first embodiment of the water wheel assembly 3, the water wheel assembly 3 includes a water wheel fixing ring 31, a plurality of water wheel blades 32 circumferentially arranged at intervals on the water wheel fixing ring 31, a water wheel disc 33 fixed to one end of the water wheel fixing ring 31 and sealing the same side of the plurality of water wheel blades 32, and a mounting ring 34 fixed to the other side of the plurality of water wheel blades 32. Wherein, the water wheel fixing ring 31 is an inner ring, the mounting ring 34 is an outer ring, the mounting ring 34 is thin, a gap is provided between the mounting ring 34 and the water wheel fixing ring 31 so that the radial water flow flows into the gap between two adjacent water wheel blades 32 and is gradually changed into an axial water flow, the axial water flow is blocked by the water wheel disc 33 and is changed to the radial water flow and flows out along the radial direction of the water wheel fixing ring 31, that is, in this embodiment, the inlet water of the water wheel assembly 3 is the radial water flow flowing out through the water flow guiding assembly 4, the radial water flow impacts the water wheel blades 32 to drive the water wheel blades 32 to rotate, wherein, part of the radial water flow is gradually changed into the axial water flow and flows to the water wheel disc 33, and is changed into the radial water flow again after the blocking effect of the water wheel disc 33, so that the water flow in the water wheel assembly 3 is basically the radial water flow to drive the water wheel blades 32 to rotate and flows out through the radial gap between two adjacent water wheel blades 32, namely, water flow flows into the water wheel assembly 3 in the radial direction, and flows out of the water wheel assembly 3 in the radial direction, and the water flow is subjected to radial water flow steering in the water wheel assembly 3 to form axial water flow and then radial water flow, so that the utilization rate of water flow energy is effectively improved.

Wherein, the water wheel fixing ring 31 is connected with the first mounting flange 23. Specifically, the inner diameter of the water wheel fixing ring 31 is provided with a second fixing ring 311 in a protruding manner, the second fixing ring 311 is connected with the first mounting flange 23 through a plurality of third fasteners 312, and the third fasteners 312 are bolts or screws. In the present embodiment, the water wheel blades 32 are arc-shaped blades, and the water wheel blades 32 are equidistantly arranged on the circumferential surface of the water wheel fixing ring 31, and in the present embodiment, the water wheel assembly 3 rotates synchronously with the rotating shaft 22.

As shown in fig. 2, 6 and 8, a labyrinth seal 5 is arranged between the mounting ring 34 and the second fixing ring 42, and the labyrinth seal 5 is used for sealing the water wheel assembly 3 and the water flow guiding assembly 4, so that the water leakage rate of the water turbine is effectively reduced. The labyrinth seal ring 5 is fixed on the mounting ring 34 by a fourth fastener 52, the radial section of the labyrinth seal ring 5 is U-shaped or E-shaped, and correspondingly, an annular groove adapted to the U-shaped or E-shaped is formed on the end surface of the second fixing ring 42. The labyrinth seal ring 5 has large contact area, more contact surfaces and different planes, thereby having good sealing performance. In the present embodiment, the outer side surface of the labyrinth seal 5 is provided with a plurality of grooves 51, which further improves the sealing effect.

As shown in fig. 2 and 7, a water flow reversing column 35 is provided between the water wheel fixing ring 31 and the water wheel disc 33, the water flow reversing column 35 is coaxially arranged with the water wheel fixing ring 31, and the water wheel reversing column is in a cone shape gradually expanding in the direction from the mounting ring 34 to the water wheel disc 33. In this embodiment, the water wheel fixing ring 31, the water flow reversing column 35 and the water wheel disc 33 are integrally formed, and the water flow annular column is used for turning the axial water flow into radial water flow more smoothly, so that the loss of water flow energy is avoided, and the utilization rate of the water flow energy is improved. The outer peripheral surface of the water flow annular column is an inwards concave cambered surface.

As shown in fig. 9 and 10, in the second embodiment of the water wheel assembly 3 in the present embodiment, the water wheel assembly 3 includes a water wheel fixing ring 31, a water wheel guide ring 36 and a plurality of water wheel blades 32 spaced between the water wheel fixing ring 31 and the water wheel guide ring 36, the water wheel fixing ring 31 is connected to the first mounting flange 23, the water wheel fixing ring 31, the water wheel guide ring 36 and the water wheel blades 32 rotate synchronously, and the water wheel guide ring 36 is used for limiting water flow so that the water flow impacts the water flow blades to rotate. That is, in this embodiment, the water wheel fixing ring 31, the water wheel blades 32 and the water flow guide ring are integrally formed or fixedly connected to each other by welding, and the water wheel assembly 3 integrally rotates along with the rotation shaft 22. The one end that the solid fixed ring 31 of water wheels kept away from pivot 22 sets up sealed lid, and the effect of sealed lid is guaranteed rivers and can not run off in the solid fixed ring 31 of water wheels for rivers only flow through between the water wheel blade 32, avoid rivers energy loss. In this embodiment, the connection manner and the connection structure of the water wheel fixing ring 31 and the first mounting flange 23 are the same as those of the water wheel fixing ring 31 and the first mounting flange 23 in the first embodiment of the water wheel assembly 3, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

As shown in fig. 11 and 12, in the third embodiment of the water wheel assembly 3 of the present embodiment, the water wheel assembly 3 includes a water wheel fixing ring 31, a water wheel guide ring 36 and a plurality of water wheel blades 32 spaced between the water wheel fixing ring 31 and the water wheel guide ring 36, one end of each water wheel blade 32 is fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the water wheel fixing ring 31, the other end of each water wheel blade 32 is spaced from the water wheel guide ring 36, the water wheel fixing ring 31 is connected to the first mounting flange 23, and the water wheel guide ring 36 is connected to the second fixing ring 42. That is, in this embodiment, the water wheel fixing ring 31 and the water wheel blades 32 rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft 22, the water wheel guide ring 36 and the second fixing ring 42 are fixedly connected in a static state, so that the water wheel blades 32 rotate in the water flow guide ring, and the water wheel guide ring 36 is used for limiting the water flow, so that the water flow impacts the water flow blades to rotate. The connection manner and connection structure of the water wheel fixing ring 31 and the first mounting flange 23 are the same as those of the water wheel fixing ring 31 and the first mounting flange 23 in the first embodiment of the water wheel assembly 3, and the description thereof is not repeated. The water wheel guide ring 36 and the second fixing ring 42 are connected by fasteners, and the fasteners are screws or bolts.

According to the water turbine provided by the embodiment of the application, the two water wheel assemblies 3 are arranged, so that the two ends of the rotating shaft 22 are uniformly stressed, the impact force of water flow on the rotating shaft 22 of the generator 2 can be effectively reduced, and the normal use of the generator 2 is ensured; the two water flow guide assemblies 4 can change the flow direction of water flow, so that the selection can be performed according to the water flow conditions of different water levels and different flow rates, the impact force of the water flow on the water wheel blades 32 is large enough, and the power generation efficiency is ensured; an arc-shaped channel 121 is formed in the shell 1, so that water flow forms a vortex, and the energy utilization rate of the water flow is further improved; meanwhile, the water turbine also has the advantages of simple structure, small size and low cost.

The embodiment of the present application further provides a hydroelectric generator, which includes a water turbine, and the specific structure of the water turbine refers to the description of the above embodiments, and since the hydroelectric generator adopts all the technical solutions of all the embodiments of the fir tree, the hydroelectric generator also has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and no description is provided herein.

The above description is only exemplary of the present application and should not be taken as limiting the present application, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A water turbine, comprising:

the water turbine comprises a shell, wherein one or two water outlets are arranged on the shell, so that the number of the water turbine components can be selected according to the water level condition, the two water outlets are symmetrically arranged relative to the water inlet, the opening direction of the water inlet is the radial direction of the shell, and the opening direction of the water outlet is the axial direction of the shell;

the generator is arranged in the shell, and two ends of a rotating shaft of the generator respectively extend to the corresponding water outlets;

the water wheel assemblies are the same as the water outlets in number, are arranged in the water outlet direction of the corresponding water flow guide assembly and are connected with the rotating shaft; radial water flows into the shell through the water inlet, forms axial water flow at the water outlet, changes the water flow direction into radial water flow through the water flow guide assembly, and drives the water wheel assembly to rotate so as to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the generator generates electricity;

the shell comprises a mounting plate, arc-shaped plates and two side plates, the two ends of the arc-shaped plates are fixedly arranged on the mounting plate at intervals, the two side plates are respectively arranged on the two sides of the arc-shaped plates, the water outlets are respectively arranged on the side plates, the water inlets are arranged on the mounting plate, and an arc-shaped channel is formed between the generator and the arc-shaped plates after the generator is arranged in the shell; the mounting plate is provided with a guide plate, the guide plate extends towards the inside of the shell, and the guide plate is horizontally arranged and extends to the upper part of the generator;

the generator also comprises a generator body, the rotating shaft is arranged in the generator body, two ends of the rotating shaft extend out of the generator body, a first mounting flange is arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft, a second mounting flange is arranged at the end part of the generator body, the first mounting flange is connected with the water wheel assembly, and the second mounting flange is connected with the water flow guide assembly;

the water flow guide assembly comprises a first fixing ring, a second fixing ring and a plurality of guide blades arranged between the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring at intervals, two ends of each guide blade are fixedly connected with the first fixing ring and the second fixing ring respectively, the second fixing ring is connected with the side plate, and the first fixing ring is connected with the second mounting flange so as to fix the generator in the shell;

the water wheel component comprises a water wheel fixing ring, a plurality of water wheel blades which are circumferentially arranged on the water wheel fixing ring at intervals, a water wheel disc which is fixed at one end of the water wheel fixing ring and seals the same side of the water wheel blades, and a mounting ring which is fixed at the other side of the water wheel blades; a labyrinth seal ring is arranged between the mounting ring and the second fixing ring; the radial section of the labyrinth seal ring is U-shaped or E-shaped; and the end surface of the second fixing ring is provided with a ring groove matched with the U shape or the E shape.

2. The water turbine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a gap is provided between the mounting ring and the water wheel fixing ring so that radial water flow flows into the gap between two adjacent water wheel blades and flows out along the radial direction of the water wheel fixing ring after being blocked by the water wheel disc and reversed, and the water wheel fixing ring is connected with the first mounting flange.

3. The water turbine as claimed in claim 2, wherein a water flow reversing column is arranged between the water wheel fixing ring and the water wheel disc, the water flow reversing column is coaxially arranged with the water wheel fixing ring, and the water flow reversing column is in a cone shape gradually expanding in the direction from the mounting ring to the water wheel disc.

4. The water turbine of claim 1, wherein the water wheel assembly comprises a water wheel fixing ring, a water wheel guide ring and a plurality of water wheel blades arranged between the water wheel fixing ring and the water wheel guide ring at intervals, the water wheel fixing ring is connected with the first mounting flange, and the water wheel fixing ring, the water wheel guide ring and the water wheel blades rotate synchronously.

5. The water turbine of claim 1, wherein the water turbine assembly comprises a water turbine fixing ring, a water turbine guide ring and a plurality of water turbine blades arranged between the water turbine fixing ring and the water turbine guide ring at intervals, one end of each water turbine blade is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the water turbine fixing ring, the other end of each water turbine blade and the water turbine guide ring are arranged in a clearance mode, the water turbine fixing ring is connected with the first mounting flange, and the water turbine guide ring is connected with the second fixing ring.

6. Hydroelectric generator, characterized in that it comprises a water turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 5.