CN112878277B - Protective structure of barrier lake drainage groove chain gabion string body and use method - Google Patents
Protective structure of barrier lake drainage groove chain gabion string body and use method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112878277B CN112878277B CN202110283174.3A CN202110283174A CN112878277B CN 112878277 B CN112878277 B CN 112878277B CN 202110283174 A CN202110283174 A CN 202110283174A CN 112878277 B CN112878277 B CN 112878277B
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- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/123—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of stone, concrete or similar stony material
Abstract
The invention discloses a chain gabion string body protection structure of a dam and a lake drainage groove, which is positioned on a dam and a stopper body (11), wherein a drainage groove (11.1) with a trapezoid cross section is excavated at the top of the dam and stopper body (11.1), the bottom of the drainage groove (11.1) is a dam and stopper body initial drainage groove bottom slope (2) or a drainage groove bottom slope (9) after the dam and stopper body is broken, and drainage groove slopes (3) are arranged on the two sides, and the gabion string body (5) is paved on the drainage groove slopes (3), so that the defect that engineering measures in the prior art often interfere early drainage and restrict the initial flushing deformation of the drainage groove and are unfavorable for realizing early overflow and premature drainage is overcome.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of barrier lake risk disposal in the field of hydraulic engineering emergency rescue, in particular to a barrier lake drainage groove chain gabion string body protection structure and a use method.
Background
The barrier lake is used as a major frequent natural disaster, and mainly refers to a natural lake formed by slope instability, valley collapse, landslide and debris flow and the like under the condition of a certain topography and topography due to dynamic geology, and a corresponding deposit for blocking a river channel is called a barrier body.
Mountain height Gu Shen in southwest area of China and severe natural environment belong to a typical barrier lake multiple region, and basic data such as inconvenient transportation, difficult communication, hydrology and the like are usually deficient in the region. The barrier lake has strong water storage capacity, short natural breaking time, free development of the barrier lake is free to flood, abnormal breaking flood peak is formed, and the breaking capacity is huge. Therefore, the disposal difficulty of the emergency rescue of the barrier lake is high, the disposal time is urgent, and if the emergency rescue is slightly careless, the barrier lake is extremely easy to cause huge danger for people downstream of the river channel.
Aiming at the dam-break risk of the barrier lake, the current method mainly reduces the water level and water storage capacity of the dam by manual intervention, namely, excavating a manual drainage groove at the top of the barrier body, and the like, and particularly aims at the high-risk barrier lake with large landslide square quantity and strong water storage capacity, the manual drainage groove can finish the overflow of the barrier lake in advance, reduce the storage capacity of the barrier lake and reduce the risk of flood-break.
Numerous engineering practices and indoor breaking models show that a weir block lake vertically cuts down the bottom slope of an erosion diversion trench in the process of discharging, and gradually upstream tracing back along the course of the weir block to erode the bottom slope of the diversion trench along with the gradual increase of the discharging flow; the downflow and the drainage groove scouring deformation are in a complex mutual feeding relation, namely, in the early stage of overcurrent, the drainage groove scouring deformation is slow, in the later stage of overcurrent, the drainage groove scouring deformation is rapid, the downflow is exponentially and rapidly increased, and the drainage groove is vertically cut and transversely expanded to undercut, so that the slope of the drainage groove is collapsed and unstable, the dam plug body bursts, the water body in front of the dam plug body is instantly poured, a burst flood peak is formed and difficult to control, and the life and property safety of the people at the lower reaches is seriously threatened.
Aiming at the engineering difficult problem, the current research on the protection measures of the drainage groove of the barrier lake is relatively very few, and structures such as a reinforcing mesh protection grid, a giant reinforcing gabion, a giant rock locking notch and the like are mainly adopted in the engineering world to limit the burst of the barrier body.
However, such engineering measures often interfere with early flood discharge of the drainage groove and restrict the initial scouring deformation of the drainage groove, which is disadvantageous to realizing early overflow and premature flood discharge. In addition, as the breaking process is continuously developed, the structure form of the drainage groove is continuously and dynamically changed, the traditional protective measures are basically difficult to adjust the structure form of the drainage groove and adapt to the flushing deformation of the drainage groove, so that the breaking of the dam body is difficult to be continuously delayed, and the effect of controlling the breaking peak is exerted.
Therefore, a structure is urgently needed to solve the above-mentioned problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The first object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a protection structure for a ballast tank chain gabion string of a barrier lake.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: the dam body protection structure is positioned on a dam body, a drainage groove with a trapezoid cross section is excavated at the top of the dam body, the bottom of the drainage groove is a dam body initial drainage groove bottom slope or a drainage groove bottom slope after the dam body is broken, drainage groove slopes are arranged at two sides of the dam body, a gabion string net is paved on the drainage groove slopes, the gabion string net consists of a plurality of gabion strings which are transversely and equidistantly arranged in parallel,
a plurality of gabion strings are transversely and longitudinally connected through lock chains and form a gabion string net,
one end of each transversely arranged gabion string body is connected with a fixed counterweight fixed at the top of the damming body through a chain in a loose state,
the other end of the gabion string body extends out of the top of the damming body and is transversely and parallelly arranged on the side slope of the drainage groove;
the tail end of the gabion string net is connected with an anchoring structure in the throwing upstream reservoir area through a chain.
In the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps: when the damming body is not broken, the bottom of the drainage groove is the initial drainage groove bottom slope of the damming body;
the area of one half of the upstream side of the top of the damming body is a damming body drainage groove protection area; and a gabion string net is paved on the weir and corking body drainage groove protection area.
In the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps: when the damming body is not broken, the gabion string body is transversely arranged along the drainage groove side slope, and one quarter of the length of the gabion string body extends out of the top of the damming body and is arranged on the drainage groove side slope.
In the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps: after the damming body is broken, the gabion string body net is paved along the drainage groove slope until the edge of the drainage groove bottom slope is reached after the damming body is broken.
In the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the gabion string net comprises a plurality of rows of gabion strings which are transversely equidistant and are arranged on the side slope of the drainage groove, each row of gabion string is composed of a plurality of gabions, and a plurality of gabions are connected in series through a lock chain.
The second object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to propose a method for using a protection structure for a ballast tank chain gabion string of a barrier lake.
The second object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical scheme: the application method of the barrier lake drainage slot chain gabion string body protection structure comprises the following specific steps of;
(1) digging and arranging drainage grooves with trapezoid cross sections at the top of the damming body, and manufacturing a gabion string net, wherein the gabion string net is formed by arranging a plurality of gabion strings transversely side by side, each gabion string is formed by connecting gabions in series, the geometric dimension scale of the gabion is 1.2 multiplied by 0.5 m, flexible steel wires are adopted to weave the gabion, the mesh size is 0.15 m, and the gabion can be filled nearby by digging stones;
(2) selecting a half of the longitudinal area on the upstream side of the top of the damming body as a damming body drainage groove protection area, transferring the gabion to the damming body drainage groove protection area, and then connecting the gabions by adopting a transverse chain, wherein eight are a group, so that a gabion string is formed;
(3) arranging the gabion strings on the drainage groove side slope in parallel at a transverse interval of 1 meter, and when the drainage groove side slope is not collapsed; wherein one quarter length gabion strings extend out of the top of the damming body and are arranged on the drainage groove side slope, and the remaining three quarters length gabion strings are arranged on the top of the damming body;
(4) a fixed counterweight is arranged at the top of the damming body, a plurality of gabion string bodies are transversely and longitudinally connected through a chain and form a gabion string body net,
when the drainage groove side slope gradually collapses; in order to ensure that the gabion string body gradually and smoothly slides into the bottom slope of the weir stopper body after the slope of the drainage groove collapses, a chain with enough length is reserved at the fixed counterweight end, so that the gabion string body is prevented from being pulled by the chain in the sliding process of the gabion string body;
(5) an anchoring structure is arranged on the upstream dam slope side of the damming body, and the anchoring structure is connected with each transverse gabion string arranged in parallel through a chain to form a gabion string net;
(6) when the upstream reservoir water level line gradually rises to the initial collapse reservoir water level of the damming body; and the dam body is broken, the drainage groove gradually collapses along with the flushing of the drainage flow, the gabion string gradually slides into the bottom slope of the drainage groove along with the collapse of the drainage groove slope, and then the collapse of the dam body is delayed after the dam body is broken.
Compared with the traditional giant reinforced gabion mesh, a giant stone locking structure and other protective measures, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the gabion is simple and convenient to assemble on site, can utilize the drainage groove to excavate materials, can be obtained locally and filled quickly, and particularly can be transported and transferred quickly in the traffic blocking site of the emergency disposal of the barrier lake, so that a large amount of time is saved, and the emergency disposal is facilitated.
2. The rigid chain and the gabion string body arranged in the invention do not influence the normal flood discharge of the diversion trench in the initial stage of breaking, are beneficial to early overflow of the diversion trench, can avoid rapid rise of the stock volume of the barrier lake, and reduce the risk.
3. The rigid chain and the gabion string body have strong integrity and sufficient flexibility, can adjust the structural form of the rigid chain and the gabion string body along with the collapse deformation of the side slope of the drainage groove, gradually slide down to the bottom slope of the drainage groove, continuously protect the side slope of the drainage groove, avoid the burst and the flattening burst process, and have better burst control and peak clipping effects.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a damming body drainage channel.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a damming body drainage groove before breaking.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a damming body drainage groove after breaking
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a gabion string arrangement.
In the figure: the dam body diversion trench protection area 1, the dam body initial diversion trench bottom slope 2, the diversion trench side slope 3, the dam body top 4, the gabion string net 5, the gabion string 5.1, the gabion 5.2, the lock chain 6, the fixed counterweight 7, the dam body front initial breaking reservoir water level 8, the dam body breaking post diversion trench bottom slope 9, the anchoring structure 10, the dam body 11, the diversion trench 11.1, L are the dam body longitudinal length, and i is the diversion trench longitudinal slope. Arrows in the figure indicate the direction of the water flow.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
The basic principle of the drainage groove chain gabion string body is as follows: along with the gradual progress of drainage groove flood discharge, the downdraft slowly cuts down and draws and erodes the downriver slope of drainage groove, forms the abrupt bank to constantly transversely expand, the side erosion drainage groove side slope causes the side slope to collapse gradually, and the chain gabion cluster body does not hinder drainage groove normal drainage in the initial stage of bursts.
When the bottom side slope of the gabion string body is hollowed by the downward leakage rapid flow, the gabion string body slides down to the drainage groove bottom slope along with further development and aggravation of the breaking process, the drainage groove side slope continuously collapses and breaks, and the chain-locked gabion string body can continuously adjust and gradually slide into the drainage groove bottom slope along with the collapse deformation of the drainage groove side slope due to good integrity and flexibility of the chain-locked gabion string body, so that the drainage groove side slope is continuously protected, the collapse speed of the drainage groove is slowed down, and the breaking flood evolution process is flattened, and the effect of controlling the breaking peak is achieved.
Referring to fig. 1-3: the protective structure of the chute-guiding chain gabion string body of the barrier lake is positioned on the barrier body 11,
the top of the damming body 11 is excavated with a diversion trench 11.1 with a trapezoid section, the bottom of the diversion trench 11.1 is a damming body initial diversion trench bottom slope 2 or a damming body-broken diversion trench bottom slope 9, two sides of the damming body 11 are diversion trench slopes 3, a gabion string net 5 is paved on the diversion trench slopes 3, the gabion string net 5 consists of a plurality of gabion strings 5.1 which are transversely and equidistantly arranged in parallel,
a plurality of gabion strings 5.1 are connected transversely and longitudinally through a chain 6 to form a gabion string net 5,
one end of each transversely arranged gabion string 5.1 is connected with a fixed counterweight 7 fixed on the top 4 of the damming body through a chain 6 in a loose state,
the other end of the gabion string body 5.1 extends out of the top 4 of the damming body and is transversely and parallelly arranged on the drainage groove side slope 3;
the tail end of the gabion string net 5 is connected with an anchoring structure 10 in the upstream storage area through a chain 6.
When the damming body 11 is not broken, the bottom of the drainage groove 11.1 is the initial drainage groove bottom slope 2 of the damming body.
The upstream half area of the top 4 of the damming body is provided with a damming body drainage groove protection area 1; a gabion string net 5 is paved on the weir stopper drainage groove protection area 1; the drainage on the downstream side of the drainage groove 11.1 is not disturbed, and the upstream side of the drainage groove can be protected to prevent sudden burst.
When the damming body 11 is not broken, the gabion string body 5.1 is transversely arranged along the drainage groove slope 3, and one quarter of the length of the gabion string body 5.1 extends out of the top 4 of the damming body and is arranged on the drainage groove slope 3; the device does not interfere with the early overflow of the drainage groove 11.1, prevents the excessive high water level at the upstream, and can prevent the rapid collapse of the side slope of the drainage groove.
After the damming body 11 is broken, the gabion string body net 5 is paved along the drainage groove slope 3 until the edge of the drainage groove bottom slope 9 is reached after the damming body is broken; the early collapse of the diversion trench 11.1 is not disturbed, and the rapid collapse of the diversion trench side slope 3 can be delayed.
The gabion string net 5 consists of a plurality of rows of gabion strings 5.1 which are transversely equidistant and are arranged on the drainage groove side slope 3, each row of gabion string 5.1 consists of a plurality of gabions 5.2, and a plurality of gabions 5.2 are connected in series through a chain 6; the structure is simple and convenient to install.
The invention also comprises a using method: the application method of the barrier lake drainage slot chain gabion string body protection structure comprises the following specific steps of;
(1) excavating and arranging drainage grooves 11.1 with trapezoid cross sections at the top of the damming body 11, and manufacturing a gabion string net 5, wherein the gabion string net 5 is formed by arranging a plurality of gabion strings 5.1 transversely side by side, each gabion string 5.1 is formed by connecting gabions 5.2 in series, the geometric dimension of the gabions 5.2 is 1.2x0.5x0.5 m, flexible steel wires are adopted in the gabions 5.2 to weave the mesh size of the gabions 5.15 m, and excavation stones in the gabions 5.2 can be selected to be filled nearby;
(2) selecting a half longitudinal area on the upstream side of the top 4 of the damming body as a damming body drainage groove protection area 1, transferring the gabion 5.2 to the damming body drainage groove protection area 1, and then connecting the gabions 5.2 by adopting a transverse chain 6, wherein eight gabions are grouped to form a gabion string 5.1;
(3) arranging the gabion strings 5.1 on the drainage groove side slope 3 in parallel at a transverse interval of 1 meter, and when the drainage groove side slope 3 does not collapse; wherein one quarter length gabion strings 5.1 extend out of the damming body top 4 and are arranged on the drainage groove side slope 3, and the remaining three quarters length gabion strings 5.1 are arranged on the damming body top 4;
(4) a fixed counterweight 7 is arranged at the top 4 of the damming body, a plurality of gabion strings 5.1 are transversely and longitudinally connected through a chain 6 and form a gabion string net 5,
when the drainage groove slope 3 gradually collapses; in order to ensure that the gabion string body 5.1 gradually and smoothly slides into the diversion trench bottom slope 9 after the diversion trench slope 3 collapses and is broken, a chain 6 with enough length is reserved at the end of the fixed counterweight 7, so that the chain 6 is prevented from dragging the gabion string body 5.1 in the downward sliding process of the gabion string body 5.1;
(5) an anchoring structure 10 is arranged on the upstream dam slope side of the damming body 11, and the gabion strings 5.1 which are transversely and parallelly arranged are connected through a chain 6 to form a gabion string net 5;
(6) when the upstream reservoir water level line gradually rises to the initial collapse reservoir water level 8 of the damming body; the collapse process of the damming body 11 is started, the drainage groove 11.1 gradually collapses along with the flushing of the drainage flow, the gabion string body 5.1 gradually slides into the damming body bottom slope 9 along with the collapse of the drainage groove slope 3, and then the collapse of the damming body 11 is delayed.
The parts not described in detail above are all prior art.
Claims (1)
1. The application method of the barrier lake drainage groove chain gabion string body protection structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises a barrier lake drainage groove chain gabion string body protection structure, wherein the barrier lake drainage groove chain gabion string body protection structure is positioned on a barrier body (11),
the top of the damming body (11) is excavated with a drainage groove (11.1) with a trapezoid section, the bottom of the drainage groove (11.1) is a damming body initial drainage groove bottom slope (2) or a damming body after-breaking drainage groove bottom slope (9), both sides of the damming body (11) are drainage groove side slopes (3), a gabion string net (5) is paved on the drainage groove side slopes (3), the gabion string net (5) is composed of a plurality of gabion strings (5.1) which are transversely and equidistantly arranged in parallel,
one end of each transversely arranged gabion string body (5.1) is connected with a fixed counterweight (7) fixed at the top (4) of the damming body through a chain (6) in a loose state,
the other end of the gabion string body (5.1) extends out of the top (4) of the damming body and is transversely and parallelly arranged on the drainage groove side slope (3);
the tail end of the gabion string net (5) is connected with an anchoring structure (10) in the throwing upstream reservoir area through a chain (6);
the using method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) excavating and arranging drainage grooves (11.1) with trapezoid cross sections at the top of the damming body (11), and manufacturing gabion string nets (5), wherein each gabion string (5.1) is formed by serially connecting gabions (5.2), the geometric dimension scale of each gabion (5.2) is 1.2 multiplied by 0.5 m, flexible steel wires are adopted to weave the gabions (5.2), the mesh size is 0.15 m, and the gabions (5.2) can be filled nearby by excavation stones;
(2) selecting one half of the longitudinal area on the upstream side of the top part (4) of the damming body as a damming body drainage groove protection area (1), transferring the gabion (5.2) to the damming body drainage groove protection area (1), and then connecting the gabions (5.2) by adopting a transverse chain (6), wherein eight gabions are grouped to form a gabion string (5.1);
(3) the gabion strings (5.1) are arranged on the drainage groove side slope (3) in parallel at a transverse interval of 1 meter, when the drainage groove side slope (3) is not collapsed, one quarter of the gabion strings (5.1) extend out of the top of the damming body (4) and are arranged on the drainage groove side slope (3), and the other three quarters of the gabion strings (5.1) are arranged on the top of the damming body (4);
(4) a fixed counterweight (7) is arranged at the top (4) of the damming body, a plurality of gabion strings (5.1) are transversely and longitudinally connected through a chain (6) to form a gabion string net (5),
when the drainage groove side slope (3) gradually collapses, in order to ensure that the gabion string body (5.1) gradually and smoothly slides into the drainage groove bottom slope (9) after the drainage groove side slope (3) collapses and is blocked, a chain (6) with enough length is reserved at the end of the fixed counterweight (7), and the phenomenon that the chain (6) pulls the gabion string body (5.1) in the sliding process of the gabion string body (5.1) is avoided;
(5) an anchoring structure (10) is arranged on the upstream dam slope side of the damming body (11), and the gabion strings (5.1) which are transversely and parallelly arranged are connected through a chain (6) to form a gabion string net (5);
(6) when the upstream reservoir water level line gradually rises to the initial collapse reservoir water level (8) of the damming body, the collapse process of the damming body (11) is started, the drainage groove (11.1) gradually collapses along with the flushing of the downward drainage flow, and the gabion string body (5.1) gradually slides into the diversion groove bottom slope (9) along with the collapse of the drainage groove slope (3) after the collapse of the damming body, so that the collapse of the damming body (11) is delayed.
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| CN113322906B (en) * | 2021-06-04 | 2022-03-25 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Dam burst danger-removing flood-control method for steel cable net stone cage structure |
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| JP2003003449A (en) * | 2001-06-19 | 2003-01-08 | Toa Grout Kogyo Co Ltd | Suspension protective levee |
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