CN112877113A - Refrigerating machine oil and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Refrigerating machine oil and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112877113A
CN112877113A CN201911198935.4A CN201911198935A CN112877113A CN 112877113 A CN112877113 A CN 112877113A CN 201911198935 A CN201911198935 A CN 201911198935A CN 112877113 A CN112877113 A CN 112877113A
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China
Prior art keywords
oil
base oil
naphthenic
naphthenic base
paraffin
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CN201911198935.4A
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CN112877113B (en
Inventor
王燕
柯友胜
张美琼
王凯明
张霞玲
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Petrochina Co Ltd
Petrochina Karamay Petrochemical Co
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Petrochina Co Ltd
Petrochina Karamay Petrochemical Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C10M169/044—Mixtures of base-materials and additives the additives being a mixture of non-macromolecular and macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
    • C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M111/00—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M111/04—Lubrication compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M101/00 - C10M109/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M171/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well-defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated
    • C10M171/008—Lubricant compositions compatible with refrigerants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
    • C10M2203/1065—Naphthenic fractions used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
    • C10M2205/163—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
    • C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
    • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
    • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
    • C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
    • C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2223/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2223/02—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing phosphorus as ingredients in lubricant compositions having no phosphorus-to-carbon bonds
    • C10M2223/04—Phosphate esters
    • C10M2223/047—Thioderivatives not containing metallic elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
    • C10M2229/047—Siloxanes with specific structure containing alkylene oxide groups

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a refrigerating machine oil and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the refrigerating machine oil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 33-60 parts of first naphthenic base lubricant base oil, 8-10 parts of second naphthenic base lubricant base oil, 23-42 parts of third naphthenic base lubricant base oil and 7-15 parts of paraffin base lubricant base oil; the first naphthenic lubricating oil base oil is obtained by using lubricating oil fractions of naphthenic crude oil as raw materials and sequentially carrying out first hydrogenation treatment, hydrodewaxing and clay refining; the second naphthenic base oil is obtained by using the lubricating oil fraction of naphthenic base crude oil as a raw material and performing second hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction; the third naphthenic base oil is obtained by using the lubricating oil fraction of naphthenic crude oil as a raw material and performing third hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction; the paraffin-based lubricating oil base oil is obtained by taking the lubricating oil fraction of the paraffin-based crude oil as a raw material and performing fourth hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction. The refrigerator oil has high viscosity and low production cost.

Description

Refrigerating machine oil and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a refrigerator oil, in particular to an ultra-refrigerator oil, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of lubricating oil.
Background
In recent years, the rapid development of low-temperature industries such as freezing and refrigeration drives the construction of domestic cold chain logistics to enter a peak period, and the screw compressor quickly occupies the use market of a high-capacity reciprocating compressor and continuously extends to a medium-capacity market by virtue of the advantages of small energy consumption, high volumetric efficiency, good refrigeration effect, high reliability, convenience in operation and maintenance and the like, so that the screw compressor is widely applied to the fields of freezing, refrigeration, air conditioning and chemical engineering processes, particularly refrigeration devices of projects and the like requiring high refrigeration capacity.
The refrigerating machine oil in the compressor is mainly used for lubricating friction surfaces, so that the friction surfaces are completely separated by an oil film, and the friction work, the friction heat and the abrasion of the compressor are reduced. At present, domestic professional research units and colleges mainly focus on low-viscosity grade refrigerator oil products, such as 32, 46 or 68 brands of refrigerator oil products, and no research on high-viscosity grade refrigerator oil products for screw compressors and industrial scale production literature reports are found. The refrigerating machine oil with low viscosity is not easy to form a strong enough oil film, so that the abrasion is accelerated, the service life of a machine part is shortened, and the production cost and the operation cost of the compressor are increased because the refrigerating machine oil for the screw compressor with high viscosity grade currently used in China is imported oil, and some refrigerating machine oil even uses imported synthetic oil with higher price.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a refrigerator oil which not only has higher viscosity, lower flocculation point and pour point, but also has low production cost, and when the refrigerator oil is matched with a refrigerant R22 for use, the refrigerator oil has low two-phase separation temperature and excellent stability.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the refrigerator oil, which is simple and easy to operate and can complete the refrigerator oil with the performance at low cost.
The invention also provides a screw compressor which comprises the refrigerator oil, so that the friction work and the friction heat can be effectively reduced, the service life is longer, the maintenance frequency is lower, and the development of low-cost and high-efficiency in low-temperature industries such as refrigeration and cold storage is facilitated.
The invention provides a refrigerator oil which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 33-60 parts of first naphthenic base lubricant base oil, 8-10 parts of second naphthenic base lubricant base oil, 23-42 parts of third naphthenic base lubricant base oil and 7-15 parts of paraffin base lubricant base oil;
the first naphthenic lubricating oil base oil is obtained by using lubricating oil fractions of naphthenic crude oil as raw materials and sequentially carrying out first hydrotreatment, hydrodewaxing and clay refining;
The second naphthenic base oil is obtained by using the lubricating oil fraction of the naphthenic crude oil as a raw material and performing second hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction;
the third naphthenic base oil is obtained by taking the lubricating oil fraction of the naphthenic crude oil as a raw material and performing third hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction;
the paraffin-based lubricating oil base oil is obtained by taking the lubricating oil fraction of paraffin-based crude oil as a raw material and performing fourth hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction.
The refrigerating machine oil as described above, wherein, in the first hydrogenation treatment, the reaction temperature is 350--1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500;
in the hydrodewaxing, the temperature is 300--1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500;
in the clay refining, the mass of the clay is 3-5% of the mass of the product subjected to hydrodewaxing, the temperature is 120-150 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 0.06-0.08 MPa.
The refrigerator oil as described above, wherein the hydrodewaxing further comprises a post-refining treatment; the temperature of the supplemental refining treatment is 280-300 ℃.
The refrigerating machine oil as described above, wherein, in the second hydrogenation treatment, the reaction temperature is 280-350 ℃, the reaction pressure is 2.5-6.0MPa, and the space velocity is 1.0-7.0h -1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500.
The refrigerating machine oil as described above, wherein, in the third hydrogenation treatment, the reaction temperature is 350--1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500.
The refrigerating machine oil as described above, wherein, in the fourth hydrogenation treatment, the reaction temperature is 240--1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500.
The refrigerator oil as described above, further comprising an additive;
the mass ratio of the additive to the sum of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil is (1.8-3.0): 100.
the refrigerator oil as described above, wherein the additive comprises at least one of an antiwear agent, an antioxidant, a metal deactivator, and an anti-foaming agent.
The invention also provides a preparation method of any one of the refrigerating machine oil, which is characterized by mixing the first naphthenic base lubricant base oil, the second naphthenic base lubricant base oil, the third naphthenic base lubricant base oil and the paraffin base lubricant base oil at the temperature of 60-85 ℃ to obtain the refrigerating machine oil.
The invention also provides a screw compressor, and the refrigerating machine oil of the screw compressor is any one of the refrigerating machine oil.
The implementation of the invention at least comprises the following advantages:
1. the kinematic viscosity of the refrigerator oil at 40 ℃ is 90-110 mm2The pour point is below-27 ℃, the flocculation point is below-42 ℃, the performance requirement of the compressor can be effectively met, and the friction work and the friction heat of the compressor are reduced;
2. the two-phase separation temperature of the refrigerating machine oil and the refrigerant R22 is lower and reaches below 38 ℃, so the refrigerating machine oil has wider application range;
3. the refrigerating machine oil also has excellent oxidation resistance and lubricity, and is beneficial to further improving the working efficiency of a compressor;
4. the preparation method of the refrigerating machine oil is simple and easy to implement, excessive parameters do not need to be monitored in the preparation process, large-scale instruments are not needed for assistance, and the preparation of the refrigerating machine oil with the performance can be completed at lower cost;
5. the screw compressor comprises the refrigerator oil, so that the friction work and the friction heat are low in the working process, the service life is long, the maintenance frequency is low, and the low-cost and high-efficiency development of low-temperature industries such as freezing and refrigeration is facilitated.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a refrigerator oil which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 33-60 parts of first naphthenic base lubricant base oil, 8-10 parts of second naphthenic base lubricant base oil, 23-42 parts of third naphthenic base lubricant base oil and 7-15 parts of paraffin base lubricant base oil;
the first naphthenic lubricating oil base oil is obtained by using lubricating oil fractions of naphthenic crude oil as raw materials and sequentially carrying out first hydrogenation treatment, hydrodewaxing and clay refining;
the second naphthenic base oil is obtained by using the lubricating oil fraction of the naphthenic crude oil as a raw material and performing second hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction;
the third naphthenic base oil is obtained by taking the lubricating oil fraction of the naphthenic crude oil as a raw material and performing third hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction;
the paraffin-based lubricating oil base oil is obtained by taking the lubricating oil fraction of paraffin-based crude oil as a raw material and performing fourth hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction.
The relevant performance parameters of the first, second, third and paraffin-based lubricant base oils of the present invention are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002295368610000041
In Table 1, kinematic viscosity was measured according to GB/T265, pour point was measured according to ASTM D97, flocculation point was measured according to GB/T12577, and carbon analysis was performed according to ASTM D2140.
The first, second, third and paraffin-based lubricant base oils are also referred to as first, second, third and paraffin-based mineral lubricant base oils.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the refrigerator oil not only has higher viscosity, but also has more excellent other performance parameters including pour point, flocculation point and the like, so that the refrigerator oil can ensure that the friction surface of the compressor in the working process is completely separated by an oil film, effectively lubricate the friction surface, and further reduce the friction work, the friction heat and the abrasion of the compressor. Specifically, the kinematic viscosity of the refrigerator oil at 40 ℃ is 90-110 mm2(s) a pour point of-27 ℃ or lower and a flocculation point of-42 ℃ or lower. In addition, the refrigerating machine oil is simple in composition and low in component cost, so that the production cost and the operation cost of the compressor can be controlled, and the refrigerating machine oil is suitable for being popularized and applied in a large range in low-temperature industries such as freezing and refrigerating.
In addition, the refrigerator oil has excellent matching property with the refrigerant R22, can stably exist with the refrigerant R22, and has the separation temperature with the refrigerant R22 of below 38 ℃, so the refrigerator oil has extremely wide application range and application prospect in low-temperature industries such as freezing and refrigeration and the like.
The freezing composition comprises 33-60 parts of first naphthenic base oil, 8-10 parts of second naphthenic base oil, 23-42 parts of third naphthenic base oil and 7-15 parts of paraffin base oil.
The first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil and the third naphthenic base oil are obtained by using lubricating oil fractions of naphthenic crude oil as raw materials through series of treatments, wherein the lubricating oil fractions of the first naphthenic crude oil are fractions at 250 ℃ obtained by distilling the naphthenic crude oil;
the lubricating oil fractions of the second and third naphthenic crudes refer to fractions obtained by distilling the naphthenic crudes at 325 ℃;
the paraffin-based lubricating oil base oil is obtained by using lubricating oil fraction of paraffin-based crude oil as a raw material through series treatment, wherein the lubricating oil fraction of the paraffin-based crude oil refers to 348 ℃ fraction obtained by distilling the paraffin-based crude oil.
Specifically, the first naphthenic base oil is obtained by using a lubricating oil fraction of naphthenic crude oil as a raw material and sequentially carrying out first hydrotreatment, hydrodewaxing and clay refining. Namely, the lubricating oil fraction of the naphthenic base crude oil is subjected to first hydrotreatment to obtain a first hydrotreatment product, then the first hydrotreatment product is subjected to hydrodewaxing to obtain a hydrodewaxing product, and finally the hydrodewaxing product is subjected to clay refining to obtain the first naphthenic base oil.
When the first naphthenic lube base oil is specifically prepared, the specific operation methods of the first hydrotreating (catalyst is RL-1), the hydrodewaxing (catalyst is RDW-1) and the clay refining are basically the same as those of the conventional hydrotreating, hydrodewaxing and clay refining in the field, and the detailed description of the invention is omitted.
The difference is that the invention carries out special limitation on the reaction parameters of the first hydrogenation treatment, the hydrodewaxing and the clay refining, specifically, in the first hydrogenation treatment, the reaction temperature is 350-400 ℃, the reaction pressure is 5.5-6.0MPa, and the space velocity is 0.4-0.7h-1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500; in the hydrodewaxing process, the temperature is 300-330 ℃, the pressure is 2.5-3.0MPa, and the space velocity is 0.4-0.7h-1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500; in the clay refining, the mass of the clay is 3-5% of the mass of the product undergoing hydrodewaxing, the temperature is 120-150 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 0.06-0.08 MPa.
Furthermore, the hydrodewaxing process is also included after the hydrodewaxing, the temperature of the hydrofinishing process is 280-300 ℃, and other parameters are the same as those in the hydrodewaxing process.
In addition to being prepared by itself by the above preparation method, the first cycloalkyl lubricating oil base oil prepared by the above preparation method, for example, refrigerator oil base oil No. N56 of medium petroleum kramerin petrochemical company, ltd.
The second naphthenic base oil is obtained by using the lubricating oil fraction of naphthenic crude oil as a raw material and performing second hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction. Namely, the product obtained by subjecting the lubricating oil fraction of the naphthenic base crude oil to the second hydrotreatment is the second naphthenic base lubricating oil base oil.
When the second naphthenic base oil is prepared, the specific operation method of the second hydrotreatment (the catalyst is RL-1) is basically the same as the specific operation method of the hydrotreatment common in the field, and the detailed description of the invention is omitted.
The difference is that the invention carries out special limitation on the reaction parameters of the second hydrogenation treatment, specifically, in the second hydrogenation treatment, the reaction temperature is 280-350 ℃, the reaction pressure is 2.5-6.0MPa, and the space velocity is 1.0-7.0h-1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500.
In addition to being self-prepared by the above-described preparation method, the second cycloalkyl lubricating base oil prepared according to the above-described preparation method, such as medium petroleum cratay petrochemical company, llc a1020 environmentally-friendly tire rubber oil, can also be obtained in a commercially straightforward manner.
The third naphthenic base oil is obtained by using the lubricating oil fraction of the naphthenic crude oil as a raw material and performing third hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction. Namely, the product obtained by subjecting the lubricating oil fraction of the naphthenic base crude oil to the third hydrotreatment is the third naphthenic base lubricating oil base oil.
When the third naphthenic lube base oil is prepared specifically, the specific operation method of the third hydrotreatment (the catalysts are HRK-558, RDW-1 and RJW-2) is basically the same as the specific operation method of the hydrotreatment common in the field, and the details are not repeated.
The difference is that the invention specially limits the reaction parameters of the third hydrogenation treatment, specifically, the reaction temperature in the third hydrogenation treatment is 350-420 ℃, the reaction pressure is 15.0-17.0MPa, and the space velocity is 0.4-1.7h-1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500.
In addition to being self-prepared by the above-described preparation method, a third naphthenic lube base oil prepared according to the above-described preparation method, such as a medium petroleum cratay petrochemical company, N4016 rubber plasticizer, can be directly obtained in a commercially available manner.
The paraffin-based lubricating oil base oil is obtained by taking the lubricating oil fraction of the paraffin-based crude oil as a raw material and performing fourth hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction. Namely, the product obtained by subjecting the lubricating oil fraction of the paraffin-based crude oil to fourth hydrotreatment is paraffin-based lubricating oil base oil.
When the paraffin-based lubricating oil base oil is prepared specifically, the specific operation method of the fourth hydrotreatment (catalysts are LH-23, LH-21, SLD-821 and LH-5) is basically the same as the specific operation method of the hydrotreatment common in the field, and the description of the invention is omitted.
The difference is that the invention specially limits the reaction parameters of the fourth hydrogenation treatment, specifically, in the fourth hydrogenation treatment, the reaction temperature is 240-410 ℃, the reaction pressure is 15.0-17.0MPa, and the space velocity is 0.4-1.7h-1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500.
In addition to being prepared by itself by the above preparation method, the paraffin-based lubricant base oil prepared by the above preparation method, for example, cosmetic white oil No. 26, can be directly obtained by a commercially available method.
Further, in order to further optimize the performance of the refrigerator oil, such as oxidation resistance, lubricity, and the like, the refrigerator oil further includes additives, and the mass ratio of the additives to the sum of the first, second, third, and paraffin-based lubricant base oils is (1.8-3.0): 100. that is, when the total mass of the first, second, third and paraffin-based lubricant base oils is 100g, 1.8 to 3.0g of additives may be further added thereto to further optimize the performance of the refrigerator oil.
In the present invention, the additive includes at least one of an antiwear agent, an antioxidant, a metal deactivator, and an antifoaming agent.
Among them, the antiwear agent may be a phosphorus-containing extreme pressure antiwear agent, for example, tricresyl phosphate, a combination of tricresyl phosphate and triphenyl thiophosphate, or a combination of tricresyl phosphate and a dialkyl dithiophosphate. Furthermore, the adding mass of the antiwear agent can be controlled to be 1.2-2.0% of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil, so that the lubricating property and the stability of the refrigerating machine oil can be improved more economically and effectively.
The antioxidant may be a barrier phenol type antioxidant, and may be selected from, for example, 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol or liquid octylbutyldiphenylamine. Further, from the viewpoint of the effect and the economical efficiency, the added mass of the antioxidant is 0.4% to 0.8% of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil.
The anti-foaming agent may be a silicone type anti-foaming agent, for example selected from polydimethylsiloxane and/or polyether silicone oil. Furthermore, the addition mass of the anti-foaming agent can be controlled to be 0.0008% -0.001% of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil, so that the anti-foaming performance of the refrigerating machine oil can be improved more economically and effectively.
The present invention is not particularly limited in the kind of the metal deactivator, and a metal deactivator commonly used in the art can be used, and when the addition quality of the metal deactivator is not higher than 0.01% of the total mass of the first, second, third and paraffin-based lubricant base oils, the stability of the refrigerating machine oil can be effectively improved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of any one of the refrigerating machine oil.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: and mixing the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil at 60-85 ℃ to obtain the refrigerating machine oil.
The present invention does not limit the adding sequence of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil, and the naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil can be added into a preparation container at the same time and stirred uniformly, or other three components can be added into one of the components and stirred uniformly.
Wherein, the first naphthenic base lubricant base oil, the second naphthenic base lubricant base oil, the third naphthenic base lubricant base oil and the paraffin-based lubricant base oil and the respective proportions are the same as the above, and the description is omitted here.
In addition, when the refrigerator oil of the present invention further includes additives in addition to the first, second, third and paraffin-based lubricant base oils, the additives may be added after mixing the first, second, third and paraffin-based lubricant base oils.
The invention also provides a screw compressor, and the refrigerating machine oil of the screw compressor is any one of the refrigerating machine oil.
Further, the screw compressor of the present invention may further include R22 refrigerant.
Hereinafter, the refrigerator oil and the method for producing the same according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
In the following examples, the first naphthenic base oil is a refrigerator oil base oil No. N56 of medium petroleum cratay petrochemical company, the second naphthenic base oil is an environment-friendly tire rubber oil a1020 of medium petroleum cratay petrochemical company, the third naphthenic base oil is a rubber plasticizer of medium petroleum cratay petrochemical company, N4016, and the paraffinic base oil is a cosmetic white oil No. 26.
Example 1
The refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by mass:
first naphthenic lube base oil: 60 portions of
Second cycloalkyl lubricant base oil: 10 portions of
Third naphthenic lube base oil: 23 portions of
Paraffin-based lubricant base oil: 7 portions of
An antiwear agent: trimethylphenol phosphate and triphenyl thiophosphate
Antioxidant: liquid octyl butyl diphenylamine
And (3) anti-foaming agent: polydimethylsiloxane and polyether silicone oil
Wherein the mass of the tricresyl phosphate is 0.8 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the triphenyl thiophosphate is 0.8 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the liquid octyl butyl diphenylamine is 0.4 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base lubricant base oil, the second naphthenic base lubricant base oil, the third naphthenic base lubricant base oil and the paraffin base lubricant base oil;
the mass of the polydimethylsiloxane is 0.0006 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
The mass of the polyether silicone oil is 0.0002 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil.
The preparation method of the refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment comprises the following steps: and mixing the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil according to the proportion at the temperature of 80-85 ℃, uniformly stirring, then sequentially adding an antiwear agent, an antioxidant and an antifoaming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the refrigerator oil of the embodiment.
Example 2
The refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by mass:
first naphthenic lube base oil: 45 portions of
Second cycloalkyl lubricant base oil: 8 portions of
Third naphthenic lube base oil: 33 portions of
Paraffin-based lubricant base oil: 14 portions of
An antiwear agent: trimethylphenol phosphate and triphenyl thiophosphate
Antioxidant: 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol
Metal deactivators: thiadiazole derivative (CAS: 59656-20-1)
And (3) anti-foaming agent: polydimethylsiloxane and polyether silicone oil
Wherein the mass of the tricresyl phosphate is 1.2 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
The mass of the triphenyl thiophosphate is 0.2 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol is 0.8 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the thiadiazole derivative is 0.01 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the polydimethylsiloxane is 0.0006 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the polyether silicone oil is 0.0004% of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil.
The preparation method of the refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment comprises the following steps: and mixing the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil according to the proportion at the temperature of 80-85 ℃, uniformly stirring, then sequentially adding an antiwear agent, an antioxidant, a metal deactivator and an antifoaming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment.
Example 3
The refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by mass:
first naphthenic lube base oil: 40 portions of
Second cycloalkyl lubricant base oil: 10 portions of
Third naphthenic lube base oil: 35 portions of
Paraffin-based lubricant base oil: 15 portions of
An antiwear agent: trimethylphenol phosphate
Antioxidant: 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol
And (3) anti-foaming agent: polydimethylsiloxane and polyether silicone oil
Wherein the mass of the tricresyl phosphate is 1.2 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol is 0.6 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the polydimethylsiloxane is 0.0006 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the polyether silicone oil is 0.0002 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil.
The preparation method of the refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment comprises the following steps: and mixing the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil according to the proportion at the temperature of 80-85 ℃, uniformly stirring, then sequentially adding an antiwear agent, an antioxidant and an antifoaming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the refrigerator oil of the embodiment.
Example 4
The refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by mass:
first naphthenic lube base oil: 48 portions of
Second cycloalkyl lubricant base oil: 10 portions of
Third naphthenic lube base oil: 35 portions of
Paraffin-based lubricant base oil: 7 portions of
An antiwear agent: tricresyl phosphate and dialkyl dithiophosphate
Antioxidant: 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol
Metal deactivators: thiadiazole derivative (CAS: 59656-20-1)
And (3) anti-foaming agent: polydimethylsiloxane and polyether silicone oil
Wherein the mass of the tricresyl phosphate is 1.6 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the dialkyl dithiophosphate is 0.01 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base lubricant base oil, the second naphthenic base lubricant base oil, the third naphthenic base lubricant base oil and the paraffin base lubricant base oil;
The mass of the 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol is 0.8 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the metal deactivator is 0.01 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the polydimethylsiloxane is 0.0006 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the polyether silicone oil is 0.0004% of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil.
The preparation method of the refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment comprises the following steps: and mixing the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil according to the proportion at the temperature of 80-85 ℃, uniformly stirring, then sequentially adding an antiwear agent, an antioxidant, a metal deactivator and an antifoaming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment.
Example 5
The refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by mass:
first naphthenic lube base oil: 46 portions of
Second cycloalkyl lubricant base oil: 10 portions of
Third naphthenic lube base oil: 37 portions of
Paraffin-based lubricant base oil: 7 portions of
An antiwear agent: tricresyl phosphate and dialkyl dithiophosphate
Antioxidant: 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol
Metal deactivators: thiadiazole derivative (CAS: 59656-20-1)
And (3) anti-foaming agent: polydimethylsiloxane and polyether silicone oil
Wherein the mass of the tricresyl phosphate is 1.6 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the dialkyl dithiophosphate is 0.005 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base lubricant base oil, the second naphthenic base lubricant base oil, the third naphthenic base lubricant base oil and the paraffin base lubricant base oil;
the mass of the 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol is 0.8 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
The mass of the thiadiazole derivative is 0.01 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the polydimethylsiloxane is 0.0006 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the polyether silicone oil is 0.0004% of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil.
The preparation method of the refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment comprises the following steps: and mixing the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil according to the proportion at the temperature of 80-85 ℃, uniformly stirring, then sequentially adding an antiwear agent, an antioxidant, a metal deactivator and an antifoaming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment.
Example 6
The refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by mass:
first naphthenic lube base oil: 41 portions of
Second cycloalkyl lubricant base oil: 10 portions of
Third naphthenic lube base oil: 42 portions of
Paraffin-based lubricant base oil: 7 portions of
An antiwear agent: trimethylphenol phosphate and triphenyl thiophosphate
Antioxidant: 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol
Metal deactivators: thiadiazole derivative (CAS: 59656-20-1)
And (3) anti-foaming agent: polydimethylsiloxane and polyether silicone oil
Wherein the mass of the tricresyl phosphate is 1.6 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the triphenyl thiophosphate is 0.4 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the 2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol is 0.8 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the thiadiazole derivative is 0.01 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
The mass of the polydimethylsiloxane is 0.0006 percent of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil;
the mass of the polyether silicone oil is 0.0004% of the total mass of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil.
The preparation method of the refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment comprises the following steps: and mixing the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil according to the proportion at the temperature of 80-85 ℃, uniformly stirring, then sequentially adding an antiwear agent, an antioxidant, a metal deactivator and an antifoaming agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain the refrigerating machine oil of the embodiment.
The refrigerator oils of the above examples 1 to 6 were measured for kinematic viscosity, pour point, flocculation point, two-phase separation temperature (R22) and maximum non-seizure load, and the results are shown in table 2.
The kinematic viscosity detection method is carried out according to GB/T265, the pour point detection method is carried out according to ASTM D97, the flocculation point detection method is carried out according to GB/T12577, the two-phase separation temperature detection method is carried out according to SH/T0699, and the maximum non-seizure load detection method is carried out according to GB/T3142.
TABLE 2
Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6
Kinematic viscosity (40 ℃), mm2/s 90.85 92.64 94.81 100.5 104.7 109.4
Pour point, DEG C -27 -30 -30 -27 -27 -27
Flocculation point, DEG C -42 -46 -42 -42 -42 -42
Temperature of two-phase separation (oil: R22: 20: 80) and DEG C 25 26 34 26 30 33
Maximum no-seizing load PBKilogram of 60 57 47 54 52 63
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The refrigerator oil is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 33-60 parts of first naphthenic base lubricant base oil, 8-10 parts of second naphthenic base lubricant base oil, 23-42 parts of third naphthenic base lubricant base oil and 7-15 parts of paraffin base lubricant base oil;
the first naphthenic lubricating oil base oil is obtained by using lubricating oil fractions of naphthenic crude oil as raw materials and sequentially carrying out first hydrotreatment, hydrodewaxing and clay refining;
The second naphthenic base oil is obtained by using the lubricating oil fraction of the naphthenic crude oil as a raw material and performing second hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction;
the third naphthenic base oil is obtained by taking the lubricating oil fraction of the naphthenic crude oil as a raw material and performing third hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction;
the paraffin-based lubricating oil base oil is obtained by taking the lubricating oil fraction of paraffin-based crude oil as a raw material and performing fourth hydrotreatment on the lubricating oil fraction.
2. The refrigerator oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first hydrogenation treatment has a reaction temperature of 350--1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500;
in the hydrodewaxing, the temperature is 300--1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500;
in the clay refining, the mass of the clay is 3-5% of the mass of the product subjected to hydrodewaxing, the temperature is 120-150 ℃, and the vacuum degree is 0.06-0.08 MPa.
3. The refrigerator oil of claim 2 wherein the hydrodewaxing further comprises a post-refining treatment; the temperature of the supplemental refining treatment is 280-300 ℃.
4. The refrigerator oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second hydrogenation treatment, the reaction temperature is 280-350 ℃, the reaction pressure is 2.5-6.0MPa, and the space velocity is 1.0-7.0h -1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500.
5. The refrigerator oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the third hydrogenation treatment, the reaction temperature is 350-420 ℃, the reaction pressure is 15.0-17.0MPa, and the space velocity is 0.4-1.7h-1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500.
6. The refrigerator oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the fourth hydrogenation treatment, the reaction temperature is 240-410 ℃, the reaction pressure is 15.0-17.0MPa, and the space velocity is 0.4-1.7h-1The hydrogen-oil ratio is more than or equal to 500.
7. The refrigerator oil of claim 1 further comprising an additive;
the mass ratio of the additive to the sum of the first naphthenic base oil, the second naphthenic base oil, the third naphthenic base oil and the paraffin base oil is (1.8-3.0): 100.
8. the refrigerator oil of claim 7 wherein the additive comprises at least one of an antiwear agent, an antioxidant, a metal deactivator, and an anti-foam agent.
9. A method for preparing the refrigerator oil according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the refrigerator oil is obtained by mixing a first cycloalkyl lubricant base oil, a second cycloalkyl lubricant base oil, a third cycloalkyl lubricant base oil and a paraffin-based lubricant base oil at 60 to 85 ℃.
10. A screw compressor wherein a refrigerator oil for the screw compressor is the refrigerator oil according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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