CN112876286A - 一种泡沫多孔材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
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- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005619 boric acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开一种泡沫多孔材料及其制备方法,所述泡沫多孔材料由组分A、起泡剂、温度调节剂、泡沫结构稳定剂和水经均匀混合、模压成型、干燥、发泡后制得;其中,以重量百分比计,起泡剂的含量为组分A的1wt%~5wt%,温度调节剂的含量为组分A的20wt%~30wt%,泡沫结构稳定剂的含量为组分A的1wt%~5wt%;组分A的组分包括:铜渣选尾渣20wt%~40wt%,增稠剂20wt%~40wt%,黏度调节剂20wt%~60wt%。本发明通过合理的组分以及提供的工艺,将铜渣选尾渣用来制作泡沫多孔材料,拓展了铜渣选尾渣的用途,同时得到了高效环保的高附加值的保温多孔泡沫材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于泡沫材料领域,具体涉及一种泡沫多孔材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
铜冶炼工业每年要产生大量的铜尾渣,且产生量逐年增加。除少量用于提取有价金属、作建筑材料外,大量的铜尾渣仍堆存在渣场或回填采空区。这不仅需要大量的堆存场地,增加了企业的生产成本;还会对土壤、水源和大气造成污染,危害动植物安全。铜渣选尾渣是铜底吹熔炼炉产出的熔炼渣,经渣缓冷场冷却后送选矿系统经过粗碎、磨矿后,进入浮选回收其中的有价金属金、银、铜后产生的固体废渣。
目前铜渣选尾渣作建筑材料的用途主要有制备透水砖,作水泥熟料,制备井下充填填料,生产加气混凝土等,这些利用途径仍不能大量消耗铜渣选尾渣。因此如何拓展铜渣选尾渣的用途,以大量消耗铜渣选尾渣是本领域技术人员亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存的问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种泡沫多孔材料及其制备方法,本发明通过合理的组分以及提供的工艺,将铜渣选尾渣用来制作泡沫多孔材料,拓展了铜渣选尾渣的用途,同时得到了高效环保的高附加值的保温多孔泡沫材料。
本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种泡沫多孔材料,所述泡沫多孔材料由组分A、起泡剂、温度调节剂、泡沫结构稳定剂和水经均匀混合、模压成型、干燥、发泡后制得;
其中,以重量百分比计,起泡剂的含量为组分A的1wt%~5wt%,温度调节剂的含量为组分A的20wt%~30wt%,泡沫结构稳定剂的含量为组分A的1wt%~5wt%;
组分A的组分包括:铜渣选尾渣20wt%~40wt%,增稠剂20wt%~40wt%,黏度调节剂20wt%~60wt%。
优选的,所述组分A中,铜渣选尾渣含量为20wt%,增稠剂含量为20wt%,黏度调节剂含量为60wt%;起泡剂含量为组分A的3wt%,温度调节剂含量为组分A的30wt%,泡沫结构稳定剂含量为组分A的3wt%;
或者,所述组分A中,铜渣选尾渣含量为40wt%,增稠剂含量为40wt%,黏度调节剂含量为20wt%;起泡剂含量为组分A的3wt%,温度调节剂含量为组分A的30wt%,泡沫结构稳定剂含量为组分A的3wt%。
优选的,增稠剂采用粉煤灰、粘土、高岭土、膨润土、云母和长石中的一种或几种。
优选的,黏度调节剂采用平板玻璃、瓶罐玻璃和阴极射线管玻璃中的一种或几种。
优选的,起泡剂采用碳酸钙、碳酸钠、硫酸钙和炭黑中的一种或几种。
优选的,温度调节剂采用氟硅酸钠、硼砂、硝酸钠和碳酸钠中的一种或几种。
优选的,泡沫结构稳定剂采用磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、硼砂、硼酸和氧化铁中的一种或几种。
本发明如上所述泡沫多孔材料的制备方法,包括如下过程:
将铜渣选尾渣和增稠剂混合均匀,然后干燥、晾干,之后研磨并过250~300目筛,得到混合物A;
将泡沫结构稳定剂干燥、晾干,并与混合物A混合,之后研磨并过200~250目筛,得到混合物B;
将黏度调节剂洗净并干燥,之后破碎并过250~300目筛;
将温度调节剂干燥、晾干,将温度调节剂与破碎后的黏度调节剂混合、研磨并过200~250目筛,得到混合物C;
将起泡剂干燥、晾干,然后将起泡剂与混合物A、混合物B、以及混合物C混合、研磨并过200~250目筛,得到混合物D;
将混合物D加水1wt%~2wt%搅拌均匀并模压成型,得到坯样,将坯样干燥、发泡、保温、冷却退火,得到所述泡沫多孔材料。
优选的,模压成型过程中,压力为15~25MPa。
优选的,坯样保温阶段的温度为640~840℃,保温时间为20~40min,冷却退火时采用空冷。
本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明的泡沫多孔材料中以铜渣选尾渣、增稠剂和黏度调节剂为主原料,并以起泡剂、温度调节剂、泡沫结构稳定剂为外加剂,本发明中所采用的原料价格低廉、成本较低,并且有效的利用了铜渣选尾渣,得到了高附加值的多孔泡沫材料,不仅可以达到固体废弃物资源化利用的目的,铜尾渣大量消耗,减少铜尾渣的堆存量,而且也是铜尾渣综合利用的一种新途径,符合节能减排和可持续发展的战略要求。同时,本发明的泡沫多孔材料与传统的泡沫材料相比,具有导热系数低、不易燃烧、保温、隔热性能好。具有高机械强度、表观密度小、热膨胀系数低等优良性能,在建筑、保温、节能、吸声降噪、吸波等领域具有良好的应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明利用铜渣选尾渣生产泡沫多孔材料的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作更进一步的说明
本发明泡沫多孔材料由组分A、起泡剂、温度调节剂、泡沫结构稳定剂和水经均匀混合、模压成型、干燥、发泡后制得;其中,以重量百分比计,起泡剂的含量为组分A的1wt%~5wt%,温度调节剂的含量为组分A的20wt%~30wt%,泡沫结构稳定剂的含量为组分A的1wt%~5wt%;组分A的组分包括:铜渣选尾渣20wt%~40wt%,增稠剂20wt%~40wt%,黏度调节剂20wt%~60wt%。
本发明泡沫多孔材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)尾渣成分调节:将铜渣选尾渣、增稠剂按比例称量并混合均匀,在90~100℃下干燥4h取出晾干,研磨后过250~300目筛备用。
(2)发泡前驱体制备:将泡沫结构稳定剂称量,在80~90℃干燥2h取出晾干,再与步骤(1)得到的混合料混合,研磨后过200~250目筛备用。
(3)稀释降温溶解:将黏度调节剂称量,洗净并干燥4h,破碎并过250~300目筛;将温度调节剂称量,在80~90℃干燥2h取出晾干。将黏度调节剂和温度调节剂混合,研磨后过200~250目筛备用。
(4)增稠发泡:将起泡剂称量,在80~90℃干燥2h取出晾干。将起泡剂与步骤(2)、步骤(3)得到的混合料混合,研磨1h后过200~250目筛。
(5)将步骤(4)研磨好的混合料加水1wt%~2wt%充分搅拌后,在15~25MPa压力下模压成型。将压制好的坯样干燥5h,待到设定温度后,直接入炉发泡,保温一段时间后取出,在炉外快速降温。发泡时,升温阶段的温度从炉温升高到640~840℃,升温速率为10~15℃/min;保温阶段温度保持在640~840℃,保温时间在20~40min;冷却退火阶段直接取出在炉外冷却。
本发明采用的铜渣选尾渣的主要成分有SiO2、Al2O3、FeO、CaO和MgO,可以作为生产泡沫玻璃的原料。增稠剂采用粉煤灰、粘土、高岭土、膨润土、云母、长石中的一种或几种。黏度调节剂采用普通平板玻璃、瓶罐玻璃或阴极射线管玻璃(CRT玻璃)中的一种或几种。起泡剂采用碳酸钙、碳酸钠、硫酸钙和炭黑中的一种或几种;温度调节剂采用氟硅酸钠、硼砂和碳酸钠中的一种或几种。泡沫结构稳定剂采用磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、硼砂、硼酸、氧化铁中的一种或几种。
实施例1
本实例泡沫多孔材料中,以重量百分比计,组分A包括:铜渣选尾渣20wt%,增稠剂20wt%,黏度调节剂60wt%。起泡剂的含量为组分A的3wt%,温度调节剂的含量为组分A的30wt%,泡沫结构稳定剂的含量为组分A的3wt%。其中,起泡剂是炭黑,温度调节剂是氟硅酸钠,泡沫结构稳定剂是硼砂,增稠剂为粉煤灰,黏度调节剂为平板玻璃。
本实例泡沫多孔材料制备过程包括以下步骤:
(1)将铜渣选尾渣、增稠剂按比例称量并混合均匀,在90~100℃下干燥4h取出晾干。研磨30min后过250目筛备用。
(2)将泡沫结构稳定剂称量,在80~90℃干燥2h取出晾干。将泡沫结构稳定剂与步骤(1)得到的混合料混合,研磨40min后过200目筛备用。
(3)将黏度调节剂称量洗净并干燥4h,砸碎后破碎10min并过250目筛。将温度调节剂称量,在80~90℃干燥2h取出晾干。将黏度调节剂和温度调节剂混合,研磨40min后过200目筛备用。
(4)将起泡剂称量,在80~90℃干燥2h取出晾干。将起泡剂与步骤(2)、步骤(3)得到的混合料混合,研磨1h后过200目筛。
(5)将步骤(4)研磨好的混合料加水1wt%充分搅拌后,在15MPa压力下模压成型。将压制好的坯样干燥5h。将烘干后的坯样放入坩埚,待到设定温度800℃后,直接入炉发泡,保温40min后取出,在炉外快速降温,得到所述泡沫多孔材料。
本例中,制备的泡沫多孔材料经测试:密度是0.73g/cm3,导热系数是0.062W/(m·K),吸水率是0.85%,抗压强度是2.25MPa。吸声系数:低频平均0.45;高频平均0.72。
实施例2
本实例泡沫多孔材料中,以重量百分比计,组分A包括:铜渣选尾渣30wt%,增稠剂30wt%,黏度调节剂40wt%。起泡剂的含量为组分A的1wt%,温度调节剂的含量为组分A的25wt%,泡沫结构稳定剂的含量为组分A的1wt%。其中,起泡剂是碳酸钠,温度调节剂是硼砂,泡沫结构稳定剂是磷酸钠,增稠剂为粉煤灰,黏度调节剂为平板玻璃。
本实例泡沫多孔材料制备过程包括以下步骤:
(1)将铜渣选尾渣、增稠剂按比例称量并混合均匀,在90~100℃下干燥4h取出晾干。研磨30min后过250目筛备用。
(2)将泡沫结构稳定剂称量,在80~90℃干燥2h取出晾干。将泡沫结构稳定剂与步骤(1)得到的混合料混合,研磨40min后过200目筛备用。
(3)将黏度调节剂称量洗净并干燥4h,砸碎后破碎10min并过250目筛。将温度调节剂称量,在80~90℃干燥2h取出晾干。将黏度调节剂和温度调节剂混合,研磨40min后过200目筛备用。
(4)将起泡剂称量,在80~90℃干燥2h取出晾干。将起泡剂与步骤(2)、步骤(3)得到的混合料混合,研磨1h后过200目筛。
(5)将步骤(4)研磨好的混合料加水1.5wt%充分搅拌后,在20MPa压力下模压成型。将压制好的坯样干燥5h。将烘干后的坯样放入坩埚,待到设定温度840℃后,直接入炉发泡,保温30min后取出,在炉外快速降温,得到所述泡沫多孔材料。
本例中,制备的泡沫多孔材料经测试:密度是0.82g/cm3,导热系数是0.058W/(m·K),吸水率是1.33%,抗压强度是2.51MPa。吸声系数:低频平均0.51;高频平均0.78。
实施例3
本实例泡沫多孔材料中,以重量百分比计,组分A包括:铜渣选尾渣40wt%,增稠剂40wt%,黏度调节剂20wt%。起泡剂的含量为组分A的5wt%,温度调节剂的含量为组分A的20wt%,泡沫结构稳定剂的含量为组分A的5wt%。其中,起泡剂是碳酸钙,温度调节剂是碳酸钠,泡沫结构稳定剂是硼酸,增稠剂为粉煤灰,黏度调节剂为平板玻璃。
本实例泡沫多孔材料制备过程包括以下步骤:
(1)将铜渣选尾渣、增稠剂按比例称量并混合均匀,在90~100℃下干燥4h取出晾干。研磨30min后过250目筛备用。
(2)将泡沫结构稳定剂称量,在80~90℃干燥2h取出晾干。将泡沫结构稳定剂与步骤(1)得到的混合料混合,研磨40min后过200目筛备用。
(3)将黏度调节剂称量洗净并干燥4h,砸碎后破碎10min并过250目筛。将温度调节剂称量,在80~90℃干燥2h取出晾干。将黏度调节剂和温度调节剂混合,研磨40min后过200目筛备用。
(4)将起泡剂称量,在80~90℃干燥2h取出晾干。将起泡剂与步骤(2)、步骤(3)得到的混合料混合,研磨1h后过200目筛。
(5)将步骤(4)研磨好的混合料加水2wt%充分搅拌后,在25MPa压力下模压成型。将压制好的坯样干燥5h。将烘干后的坯样放入坩埚,待到设定温度860℃后,直接入炉发泡,保温20min后取出,在炉外快速降温,得到所述泡沫多孔材料。
本例中,制备的泡沫多孔材料经测试:密度是0.90g/cm3,导热系数是0.065W/(m·K),吸水率是1.66%,抗压强度是2.92MPa。吸声系数:低频平均0.48;高频平均0.75。
本发明以铜渣选尾渣、增稠剂和黏度调节剂为主原料,添加适当的外加剂,能够制备出性能优良的保温多孔泡沫材料。铜渣选尾渣含有大量制备泡沫材料所需的SiO2、Al2O3、MgO、FeO等成分,满足制备的基本要求。同时黏度调节剂、温度调节剂等调节原料成分,降低原料的软化温度和碱度,达到制备的工艺条件。压制成型的样坯在达到烧结温度时,直接送入炉内进行发泡,控制合适的烧结温度和发泡时间,避免了大泡、凹陷、瓷化、连通孔等泡沫材料生产过程的缺陷的产生,同时生产耗能较少,节约能源,满足经济加工的基本条件。由上述实施例的结果可以看出,本发明得到的泡沫多孔材料是一种性能优异的保温、隔热、吸声的轻质材料,因此考虑将铜尾渣用于制备大量消耗且高效环保的高附加值的保温多孔泡沫材料。从本发明实施例中制备的泡沫材料的性能数据可以看出,该制品完全能达到使用要求,产品性能优良。
Claims (10)
1.一种泡沫多孔材料,其特征在于,所述泡沫多孔材料由组分A、起泡剂、温度调节剂、泡沫结构稳定剂和水经均匀混合、模压成型、干燥、发泡后制得;
其中,以重量百分比计,起泡剂的含量为组分A的1wt%~5wt%,温度调节剂的含量为组分A的20wt%~30wt%,泡沫结构稳定剂的含量为组分A的1wt%~5wt%;
组分A的组分包括:铜渣选尾渣20wt%~40wt%,增稠剂20wt%~40wt%,黏度调节剂20wt%~60wt%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种泡沫多孔材料,其特征在于,所述组分A中,铜渣选尾渣含量为20wt%,增稠剂含量为20wt%,黏度调节剂含量为60wt%;起泡剂含量为组分A的3wt%,温度调节剂含量为组分A的30wt%,泡沫结构稳定剂含量为组分A的3wt%;
或者,所述组分A中,铜渣选尾渣含量为40wt%,增稠剂含量为40wt%,黏度调节剂含量为20wt%;起泡剂含量为组分A的3wt%,温度调节剂含量为组分A的30wt%,泡沫结构稳定剂含量为组分A的3wt%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种泡沫多孔材料,其特征在于,增稠剂采用粉煤灰、粘土、高岭土、膨润土、云母和长石中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种泡沫多孔材料,其特征在于,黏度调节剂采用平板玻璃、瓶罐玻璃和阴极射线管玻璃中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种泡沫多孔材料,其特征在于,起泡剂采用碳酸钙、碳酸钠、硫酸钙和炭黑中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种泡沫多孔材料,其特征在于,温度调节剂采用氟硅酸钠、硼砂、硝酸钠和碳酸钠中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种泡沫多孔材料,其特征在于,泡沫结构稳定剂采用磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钠、硼砂、硼酸和氧化铁中的一种或几种。
8.权利要求1-7任意一项所述泡沫多孔材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下过程:
将铜渣选尾渣和增稠剂混合均匀,然后干燥、晾干,之后研磨并过250~300目筛,得到混合物A;
将泡沫结构稳定剂干燥、晾干,并与混合物A混合,之后研磨并过200~250目筛,得到混合物B;
将黏度调节剂洗净并干燥,之后破碎并过250~300目筛;
将温度调节剂干燥、晾干,将温度调节剂与破碎后的黏度调节剂混合、研磨并过200~250目筛,得到混合物C;
将起泡剂干燥、晾干,然后将起泡剂与混合物A、混合物B、以及混合物C混合、研磨并过200~250目筛,得到混合物D;
将混合物D加水1wt%~2wt%搅拌均匀并模压成型,得到坯样,将坯样干燥、发泡、保温、冷却退火,得到所述泡沫多孔材料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其特征在于,模压成型过程中,压力为15~25MPa。
10.根据权利要求8所述的制备方法,其特征在于,坯样保温阶段的温度为640~840℃,保温时间为20~40min,冷却退火时采用空冷。
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