CN112874068A - 一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN112874068A
CN112874068A CN202110149131.6A CN202110149131A CN112874068A CN 112874068 A CN112874068 A CN 112874068A CN 202110149131 A CN202110149131 A CN 202110149131A CN 112874068 A CN112874068 A CN 112874068A
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fiber board
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soundproof
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李飞
王晓光
康会峰
王春海
肖雨
马文朝
宣佳琳
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North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板及其制备工艺,包括铝合金蜂窝层,所述铝合金蜂窝层的顶部和底部均粘接有防护层,所述防护层远离铝合金蜂窝层的一侧粘接有隔音层,所述隔音层远离防护层的一侧粘接有耐磨层,所述防护层包括陶瓷纤维板层,所述陶瓷纤维板层的顶部固定粘接有玻璃纤维板层,所述玻璃纤维板层的顶部固定粘接有碳纤维板层,所述隔音层包括隔音岩棉板层。本发明具备表面耐磨性好,隔音性好,内部耐腐蚀好,使用寿命长的优点,解决了现有的铝蜂窝板结构单一,表面耐磨性能差,与外部物体接触摩擦后受损严重,隔音性能差,不能够有效的降低外部噪音,内部耐腐蚀性能差,降低了铝蜂窝板使用寿命的问题。

Description

一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及铝蜂窝复合材料芯板技术领域,具体为一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板及其制备工艺。
背景技术
铝蜂窝板适用于民用建筑、车船装饰等,是航空、航天材料在民用建筑领域的应用,整个加工过程全部在现代化工厂完成,采用热压成型技术,因铝皮和蜂窝间的高热传导值,内外铝皮的热胀冷缩同步;蜂窝铝皮上有小孔,使板内气体可以自由流动,可滑动安装扣系统在热胀冷缩时不会引起结构变形。
现有的铝蜂窝板结构单一,表面耐磨性能差,与外部物体接触摩擦后受损严重,隔音性能差,不能够有效的降低外部噪音,内部耐腐蚀性能差,降低了铝蜂窝板的使用寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板及其制备工艺,具备表面耐磨性好,隔音性好,内部耐腐蚀好,使用寿命长的优点,解决了现有的铝蜂窝板结构单一,表面耐磨性能差,与外部物体接触摩擦后受损严重,隔音性能差,不能够有效的降低外部噪音,内部耐腐蚀性能差,降低了铝蜂窝板使用寿命的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板,包括铝合金蜂窝层,所述铝合金蜂窝层的顶部和底部均粘接有防护层,所述防护层远离铝合金蜂窝层的一侧粘接有隔音层,所述隔音层远离防护层的一侧粘接有耐磨层,所述防护层包括陶瓷纤维板层,所述陶瓷纤维板层的顶部固定粘接有玻璃纤维板层,所述玻璃纤维板层的顶部固定粘接有碳纤维板层,所述隔音层包括隔音岩棉板层,所述隔音岩棉板层的顶部固定粘接有隔音棉层,所述耐磨层包括聚烯烃板层,所述聚烯烃板层的顶部固定粘接有超高分子量聚乙烯板层。
优选的,所述陶瓷纤维板层远离玻璃纤维板层的一侧与铝合金蜂窝层粘接固定,所述铝合金蜂窝层的材质为铝合金,所述陶瓷纤维板层的材质为陶瓷纤维板,所述玻璃纤维板层的材质为玻璃纤维板。
优选的,所述碳纤维板层远离玻璃纤维板层的一侧与隔音岩棉板层粘接,所述碳纤维板层的材质为碳纤维板,所述隔音岩棉板层的材质为隔音岩棉板。
优选的,所述隔音棉层远离隔音岩棉板层的一侧与聚烯烃板层粘接,所述隔音棉层的材质为隔音棉,所述聚烯烃板层的材质为聚烯烃。
优选的,所述超高分子量聚乙烯板层的材质为超高分子量聚乙烯。
一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板制备工艺,所述包括以下步骤:
A:选取陶瓷纤维板、玻璃纤维板、碳纤维板、隔音岩棉板、隔音棉、聚烯烃板和超高分子量聚乙烯板,利用卷尺测量各个板材的尺寸,通过记号笔在板材上标记相应的标记点;
B:然后利用直尺将标记点连线画出尺寸相同的正方形,将划线后的板材放置剪板机上裁剪加工,裁剪出相同尺寸的板材;
C:用清洁布浸润酒精对铝合金蜂窝、陶瓷纤维板、玻璃纤维板、碳纤维板和隔音岩棉板表面进行擦拭除尘,除尘通过出风机进行吹风烘干,打开吹风机热风档鼓风烘干;
D:利用喷枪在陶瓷纤维板、玻璃纤维板和碳纤维板的表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂,然后将玻璃纤维板放置在陶瓷纤维板的顶部,碳纤维板放置玻璃纤维板的顶部,利用压板机对粘合的陶瓷纤维板、玻璃纤维板和碳纤维板进行挤压,挤压时间3-4h,制得防护层;
E:利用喷枪在隔音岩棉板的表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂,然后将隔音棉放置在隔音岩棉板的顶部,利用压板机对粘合的隔音岩棉板和隔音棉进行挤压,挤压时间3-4h,制得隔音层;
F:利用喷枪在聚烯烃板和超高分子量聚乙烯板的表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂,然后将超高分子量聚乙烯板放置在聚烯烃板的顶部,利用压板机对粘合的聚烯烃板和超高分子量聚乙烯板进行挤压,挤压时间3-4h,制得耐磨层;
G:利用喷枪在铝合金蜂窝、防护层、隔音层和耐磨层的表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂,然后将铝合金蜂窝粘接与两个防护层之间,隔音层与防护层粘接,耐磨层与隔音层粘接,利用压板机进行挤压,挤压时间7-8h,制得铝蜂窝复合材料芯板。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果如下:
1、本发明通过铝合金蜂窝层、防护层、隔音层、耐磨层、陶瓷纤维板层、玻璃纤维板层、碳纤维板层、隔音岩棉板层、隔音棉层、聚烯烃板层和超高分子量聚乙烯板层进行配合,具备表面耐磨性好,隔音性好,内部耐腐蚀好,使用寿命长的优点,解决了现有的铝蜂窝板结构单一,表面耐磨性能差,与外部物体接触摩擦后受损严重,隔音性能差,不能够有效的降低外部噪音,内部耐腐蚀性能差,降低了铝蜂窝板使用寿命的问题。
2、本发明通过陶瓷纤维板层采用陶瓷纤维板,具备抗温稳定,抗热震,抗侵蚀等功能,通过玻璃纤维板层采用玻璃纤维板,具有吸音、隔声、隔热、环保和阻燃等优点,通过碳纤维板层采用碳纤维板,具有优异的抗蠕变性能,耐腐蚀性和抗震性,通过设置隔音岩棉板层和隔音棉层,能够有效的吸收和削弱外部噪音,提高了板材的隔音性,通过聚烯烃板层和超高分子量聚乙烯板层,大大提高了板材外表面的耐磨性能,使板材外表面与物体接触摩擦不易受损,延长了板材的寿命长。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构剖视示意图;
图2为本发明防护层剖视示意图;
图3为本发明隔音层剖视示意图;
图4为本发明耐磨层剖视示意图。
图中:1铝合金蜂窝层、2防护层、3隔音层、4耐磨层、5陶瓷纤维板层、6玻璃纤维板层、7碳纤维板层、8隔音岩棉板层、9隔音棉层、10聚烯烃板层、11超高分子量聚乙烯板层。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”“前端”、“后端”、“两端”、“一端”、“另一端”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在发明的描述中,需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,术语“安装”、“设置有”、“连接”等,应做广义理解,例如“连接”,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本发明的铝合金蜂窝层1、防护层2、隔音层3、耐磨层4、陶瓷纤维板层5、玻璃纤维板层6、碳纤维板层7、隔音岩棉板层8、隔音棉层9、聚烯烃板层10和超高分子量聚乙烯板层11部件均为通用标准件或本领域技术人员知晓的部件,其结构和原理都为本技术人员均可通过技术手册得知或通过常规实验方法获知。
请参阅图1-4,一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板,包括铝合金蜂窝层1,铝合金蜂窝层1的顶部和底部均粘接有防护层2,通过设置铝合金蜂窝层1,具有重量轻,平整度好的,增强了板材的支撑性能,耐腐蚀,使用寿命长,防护层2远离铝合金蜂窝层1的一侧粘接有隔音层3,隔音层3远离防护层2的一侧粘接有耐磨层4,防护层2包括陶瓷纤维板层5,陶瓷纤维板层5的顶部固定粘接有玻璃纤维板层6,玻璃纤维板层6的顶部固定粘接有碳纤维板层7,隔音层3包括隔音岩棉板层8,隔音岩棉板层8的顶部固定粘接有隔音棉层9,耐磨层4包括聚烯烃板层10,聚烯烃板层10的顶部固定粘接有超高分子量聚乙烯板层11。
陶瓷纤维板层5远离玻璃纤维板层6的一侧与铝合金蜂窝层1粘接固定,铝合金蜂窝层1的材质为铝合金,陶瓷纤维板层5的材质为陶瓷纤维板,玻璃纤维板层6的材质为玻璃纤维板,通过陶瓷纤维板层5采用陶瓷纤维板,具备抗温稳定,抗热震,抗侵蚀等功能,通过玻璃纤维板层6采用玻璃纤维板,具有吸音、隔声、隔热、环保和阻燃等优点。
碳纤维板层7远离玻璃纤维板层6的一侧与隔音岩棉板层8粘接,碳纤维板层7的材质为碳纤维板,隔音岩棉板层8的材质为隔音岩棉板,通过碳纤维板层7采用碳纤维板,具有优异的抗蠕变性能,耐腐蚀性和抗震性,通过设置隔音岩棉板层8和隔音棉层9,能够有效的吸收和削弱外部噪音,提高了板材的隔音性。
隔音棉层9远离隔音岩棉板层8的一侧与聚烯烃板层10粘接,隔音棉层9的材质为隔音棉,聚烯烃板层10的材质为聚烯烃。
超高分子量聚乙烯板层11的材质为超高分子量聚乙烯,通过聚烯烃板层10和超高分子量聚乙烯板层11,大大提高了板材外表面的耐磨性能,使板材外表面与物体接触摩擦不易受损,延长了板材的寿命长。
通过铝合金蜂窝层1、防护层2、隔音层3、耐磨层4、陶瓷纤维板层5、玻璃纤维板层6、碳纤维板层7、隔音岩棉板层8、隔音棉层9、聚烯烃板层10和超高分子量聚乙烯板层11进行配合,具备表面耐磨性好,隔音性好,内部耐腐蚀好,使用寿命长的优点,解决了现有的铝蜂窝板结构单一,表面耐磨性能差,与外部物体接触摩擦后受损严重,隔音性能差,不能够有效的降低外部噪音,内部耐腐蚀性能差,降低了铝蜂窝板使用寿命的问题。
一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板制备工艺,包括以下步骤:
A:选取陶瓷纤维板、玻璃纤维板、碳纤维板、隔音岩棉板、隔音棉、聚烯烃板和超高分子量聚乙烯板,利用卷尺测量各个板材的尺寸,通过记号笔在板材上标记相应的标记点;
B:然后利用直尺将标记点连线画出尺寸相同的正方形,将划线后的板材放置剪板机上裁剪加工,裁剪出相同尺寸的板材;
C:用清洁布浸润酒精对铝合金蜂窝、陶瓷纤维板、玻璃纤维板、碳纤维板和隔音岩棉板表面进行擦拭除尘,除尘通过出风机进行吹风烘干,打开吹风机热风档鼓风烘干;
D:利用喷枪在陶瓷纤维板、玻璃纤维板和碳纤维板的表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂,然后将玻璃纤维板放置在陶瓷纤维板的顶部,碳纤维板放置玻璃纤维板的顶部,利用压板机对粘合的陶瓷纤维板、玻璃纤维板和碳纤维板进行挤压,挤压时间3-4h,制得防护层2;
E:利用喷枪在隔音岩棉板的表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂,然后将隔音棉放置在隔音岩棉板的顶部,利用压板机对粘合的隔音岩棉板和隔音棉进行挤压,挤压时间3-4h,制得隔音层3;
F:利用喷枪在聚烯烃板和超高分子量聚乙烯板的表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂,然后将超高分子量聚乙烯板放置在聚烯烃板的顶部,利用压板机对粘合的聚烯烃板和超高分子量聚乙烯板进行挤压,挤压时间3-4h,制得耐磨层4;
G:利用喷枪在铝合金蜂窝、防护层2、隔音层3和耐磨层4的表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂,然后将铝合金蜂窝粘接与两个防护层2之间,隔音层3与防护层2粘接,耐磨层4与隔音层3粘接,利用压板机进行挤压,挤压时间7-8h,制得铝蜂窝复合材料芯板。
综上所述:该大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板及其制备工艺,通过铝合金蜂窝层1、防护层2、隔音层3、耐磨层4、陶瓷纤维板层5、玻璃纤维板层6、碳纤维板层7、隔音岩棉板层8、隔音棉层9、聚烯烃板层10和超高分子量聚乙烯板层11进行配合,解决了现有的铝蜂窝板结构单一,表面耐磨性能差,与外部物体接触摩擦后受损严重,隔音性能差,不能够有效的降低外部噪音,内部耐腐蚀性能差,降低了铝蜂窝板使用寿命的问题。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型,本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (6)

1.一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板,包括铝合金蜂窝层(1),其特征在于:所述铝合金蜂窝层(1)的顶部和底部均粘接有防护层(2),所述防护层(2)远离铝合金蜂窝层(1)的一侧粘接有隔音层(3),所述隔音层(3)远离防护层(2)的一侧粘接有耐磨层(4),所述防护层(2)包括陶瓷纤维板层(5),所述陶瓷纤维板层(5)的顶部固定粘接有玻璃纤维板层(6),所述玻璃纤维板层(6)的顶部固定粘接有碳纤维板层(7),所述隔音层(3)包括隔音岩棉板层(8),所述隔音岩棉板层(8)的顶部固定粘接有隔音棉层(9),所述耐磨层(4)包括聚烯烃板层(10),所述聚烯烃板层(10)的顶部固定粘接有超高分子量聚乙烯板层(11)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板,其特征在于:所述陶瓷纤维板层(5)远离玻璃纤维板层(6)的一侧与铝合金蜂窝层(1)粘接固定,所述铝合金蜂窝层(1)的材质为铝合金,所述陶瓷纤维板层(5)的材质为陶瓷纤维板,所述玻璃纤维板层(6)的材质为玻璃纤维板。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板,其特征在于:所述碳纤维板层(7)远离玻璃纤维板层(6)的一侧与隔音岩棉板层(8)粘接,所述碳纤维板层(7)的材质为碳纤维板,所述隔音岩棉板层(8)的材质为隔音岩棉板。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板,其特征在于:所述隔音棉层(9)远离隔音岩棉板层(8)的一侧与聚烯烃板层(10)粘接,所述隔音棉层(9)的材质为隔音棉,所述聚烯烃板层(10)的材质为聚烯烃。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板,其特征在于:所述超高分子量聚乙烯板层(11)的材质为超高分子量聚乙烯。
6.根据权利要求1-5中任一项所述的一种大尺寸铝蜂窝复合材料芯板制备工艺,其特征在于:所述包括以下步骤:
A:选取陶瓷纤维板、玻璃纤维板、碳纤维板、隔音岩棉板、隔音棉、聚烯烃板和超高分子量聚乙烯板,利用卷尺测量各个板材的尺寸,通过记号笔在板材上标记相应的标记点;
B:然后利用直尺将标记点连线画出尺寸相同的正方形,将划线后的板材放置剪板机上裁剪加工,裁剪出相同尺寸的板材;
C:用清洁布浸润酒精对铝合金蜂窝、陶瓷纤维板、玻璃纤维板、碳纤维板和隔音岩棉板表面进行擦拭除尘,除尘通过出风机进行吹风烘干,打开吹风机热风档鼓风烘干;
D:利用喷枪在陶瓷纤维板、玻璃纤维板和碳纤维板的表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂,然后将玻璃纤维板放置在陶瓷纤维板的顶部,碳纤维板放置玻璃纤维板的顶部,利用压板机对粘合的陶瓷纤维板、玻璃纤维板和碳纤维板进行挤压,挤压时间3-4h,制得防护层(2);
E:利用喷枪在隔音岩棉板的表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂,然后将隔音棉放置在隔音岩棉板的顶部,利用压板机对粘合的隔音岩棉板和隔音棉进行挤压,挤压时间3-4h,制得隔音层(3);
F:利用喷枪在聚烯烃板和超高分子量聚乙烯板的表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂,然后将超高分子量聚乙烯板放置在聚烯烃板的顶部,利用压板机对粘合的聚烯烃板和超高分子量聚乙烯板进行挤压,挤压时间3-4h,制得耐磨层(4);
G:利用喷枪在铝合金蜂窝、防护层(2)、隔音层(3)和耐磨层(4)的表面均匀喷涂聚氨酯胶粘剂,然后将铝合金蜂窝粘接与两个防护层(2)之间,隔音层(3)与防护层(2)粘接,耐磨层(4)与隔音层(3)粘接,利用压板机进行挤压,挤压时间7-8h,制得铝蜂窝复合材料芯板。
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