CN112872716A - Method for manufacturing cooling wall of blast furnace - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing cooling wall of blast furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN112872716A CN112872716A CN202011558340.8A CN202011558340A CN112872716A CN 112872716 A CN112872716 A CN 112872716A CN 202011558340 A CN202011558340 A CN 202011558340A CN 112872716 A CN112872716 A CN 112872716A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/06—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy
- B23K20/08—Explosive welding
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a blast furnace cooling wall, and belongs to the technical field of metallurgical equipment. The manufacturing method of the blast furnace cooling wall comprises the steps of manufacturing a copper-steel composite plate, manufacturing a water channel, welding a water pipe and performing a hydraulic pressure test. According to the manufacturing method of the blast furnace cooling wall, the copper plate is used as the base plate, the steel plate is used as the composite plate, the copper-steel composite plate is manufactured and obtained in an explosive welding mode, the manufacturing efficiency of the copper-steel composite plate is improved, and the mechanical property of the copper-steel composite plate after welding is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgical equipment, and particularly relates to a manufacturing method of a blast furnace cooling wall.
Background
In order to improve the heat transfer performance of the furnace body cooling wall in the high heat load area of the blast furnace, researchers developed copper cooling walls. The copper cooling wall has the characteristics of strong heat transfer capacity, excellent heat flow impact resistance, excellent thermal shock resistance and the like. The cooling water channel in the copper cooling wall is obtained by drilling, so that the defect of poor heat transfer performance caused by a high-heat-resistance coating and an air gap between the cooling water pipe and the wall body of the nodular cast iron cooling wall is overcome. However, during the application process, the applicant finds that the copper cooling wall is easy to generate abrasion damage and bending deformation.
So that the copper-steel cooling wall can be produced. The copper-steel cooling wall has high strength and bending resistance, and overcomes the defects that the copper cooling wall is easy to damage and bend and deform. The copper steel cooling wall is formed by welding a copper plate and a steel plate which are used as base plates, but the copper plate and the steel plate which are used as dissimilar materials are extremely difficult to form by common gas welding and electric welding, and the performance after welding is generally poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for manufacturing a blast furnace cooling wall, which aims to solve the technical problem that a copper plate and a steel plate are difficult to weld and connect in the existing copper-steel cooling wall manufacturing process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: provided is a method for manufacturing a blast furnace stave, comprising:
manufacturing a copper-steel composite plate: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining a copper plate and a steel plate, and manufacturing and obtaining a copper-steel composite plate by taking the copper plate as a base plate and the steel plate as a composite plate in an explosive welding mode;
manufacturing a water channel;
welding a water pipe: obtaining a water pipe, welding and connecting the water pipe with the water channel, and enabling the water pipe to be communicated with the water channel:
and (3) water pressure testing: and injecting water into the water channel and maintaining pressure to test the tightness of the water channel.
Further, the copper plate is a TU1 oxygen-free copper plate, the steel plate is a Q345R low-alloy high-strength steel plate, and the thickness of the copper plate ranges from 50mm to 70 mm; the thickness of the steel plate ranges from 20mm to 30 mm.
Further, the manufacturing and obtaining of the copper-steel composite board by using the copper plate as a substrate and the steel plate as a composite board through an explosive welding method comprises the following steps:
flatly placing the welded surface of the copper plate upwards on an explosive foundation;
the welded surface of the steel plate faces downwards and is arranged in parallel with the copper plate at intervals;
respectively and sequentially laying a butter buffer layer and an explosive layer in an area to be exploded on the upper surface of the steel plate;
arranging a detonator on the upper part of the explosive layer;
and detonating the detonator, and connecting the copper plate and the steel plate by explosive welding to obtain the copper-steel composite plate.
Further, the setting of facing the welded surface of the steel plate downwards and in parallel with the copper plate at intervals comprises:
obtaining four spacing brackets;
placing four spacing brackets at four corners of the copper plate;
and downwards arranging the welded surface of the steel plate and the copper plate at a parallel interval by virtue of the interval bracket.
Further, the spacing support is in a W-shaped bent plate structure.
Further, the interval between the copper plate and the steel plate ranges from 3mm to 7 mm.
Further, the thickness range of butter buffer layer is 0.5mm-1.5 mm.
Further, the explosive layer comprises powdery emulsion explosive, and the explosive loading of the explosive layer is 2.0 g-cm-2-3.0g·cm-2The explosive layer has a charge density of 0.8 g-cm-3-1.2g·cm-3。
Further, the detonating the detonator, and connecting the copper plate and the steel plate by explosive welding to obtain the copper-steel composite plate comprises:
detonating the detonator, and welding the copper plate and the steel plate by explosion to obtain a first-grade copper-steel composite plate;
and cutting the first-stage copper-steel composite plate to obtain the copper-steel composite plate with a preset size.
The manufacturing method of the blast furnace cooling stave has the advantages that the copper-steel composite plate is manufactured and obtained by taking the copper plate as the base plate and taking the steel plate as the composite plate in an explosive welding mode, the manufacturing efficiency of the copper-steel composite plate is improved, and the post-welding mechanical property of the copper-steel composite plate is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for manufacturing a stave cooler for a blast furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of copper plates and steel plates before explosion welding in the method for manufacturing a stave cooler for a blast furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cooling stave for a blast furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a sectional view at a in fig. 3.
In the figure: 1. a steel plate; 2. a copper plate; 3. a water passage cover; 4. a water pipe; 5. an outer casing; 6. an inner casing; 7. a first reinforcing rib; 8. a second reinforcing rib; 9. grooving; 10. a butter buffer layer; 11. a explosive layer; 12. a spacer bracket; 13. and (5) foundation construction.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace according to the present invention will now be described. Fig. 1 shows a flow of implementing a method for manufacturing a blast furnace stave according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is detailed as follows:
in step S100, the operation of manufacturing the copper-steel composite plate is carried out, and the manufacturing of the copper-steel composite plate mainly comprises the steps of S110, obtaining a copper plate 2 and a steel plate 1; and S120, manufacturing and obtaining the copper-steel composite plate by using the copper plate 2 as a base plate and the steel plate 1 as a composite plate through an explosive welding mode. The welded connection of copper 2 and steel sheet 1 can be realized to explosive welding, and the copper steel composite sheet mechanical properties after the explosive welding is better, and explosive welding's welding process is fast moreover, efficient, can make copper steel composite sheet with copper 2 and steel sheet 1 fast. The explosion welding can be metal welding compounding which can rapidly realize the great difference of two or more materials, is hardly limited by performance parameters such as melting point, strength, thermal expansion coefficient and the like of the materials, has very short action time and rapid temperature change of the materials in the explosion welding process, and does not generate interface reaction. One side of the steel plate 1 is the cold side of the blast furnace cooling wall, and one side of the copper plate 2 is the hot side of the blast furnace cooling wall.
In step S200, a waterway manufacturing operation is performed. A water channel is arranged in the cooling wall of the blast furnace to cool the blast furnace.
In step S300, the water pipe 4 is welded. In step S300, after the water pipe 4 is welded, the water pipe 4 is connected to the water channel, and the water pipe 4 is used to connect an external cooler to the water channel, so that the coolant in the cooler can be supplied to the water channel through the water pipe 4.
In step S800, a water pressure test operation is performed: and (4) injecting water into the prepared water channel (after the water pipe 4 is welded) and maintaining pressure to test the tightness of the water channel. And if the tightness of the water channel does not meet the tightness, judging that the water channel is unqualified and needing to be repaired or scrapped.
From the above embodiments, the method for manufacturing the blast furnace cooling stave provided by the embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the copper plate is used as the substrate, the steel plate is used as the clad plate, and the copper-steel clad plate is manufactured and obtained in an explosive welding manner, so that the manufacturing efficiency of the copper-steel clad plate is improved, and the post-welding mechanical property of the copper-steel clad plate is improved.
As a specific embodiment of the manufacturing method of the blast furnace cooling wall provided by the invention, the copper plate 2 is a TU1 oxygen-free copper plate, in order to ensure the rigidity of the cooling wall and meet the requirement that the cooling wall still does not deform or damage under the conditions of high temperature and large pressure, the steel plate 1 is a Q345R low-alloy high-strength steel plate, and the thickness value range of the copper plate 2 is 50-70 mm; the thickness of the steel plate 1 ranges from 20mm to 30 mm. The copper-steel composite plate with good mechanical property can be obtained by explosion welding of the TU1 oxygen-free copper plate and the Q345R low-alloy high-strength steel plate, the TU1 oxygen-free copper plate is low in impurity element content and excellent in heat conduction property, the heat efficiency can be enhanced, and hydrogen embrittlement and the like caused by overhigh temperature in the blast furnace can be avoided. Meanwhile, the thickness range of the TU1 oxygen-free copper plate is 50-70 mm through measurement and calculation, and the thickness range of the Q345R low-alloy high-strength steel plate is 20-30mm, so that the heat dissipation and strength performance of the cooling wall of the blast furnace can be met.
Referring to fig. 2, as an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace according to the present invention, the step S120 of manufacturing and obtaining a copper-steel composite plate by explosion welding using a copper plate 2 as a substrate and a steel plate 1 as a composite plate specifically includes:
s121, the welded surface of the copper plate 2 is placed on an explosive foundation in a flat mode, and the explosive foundation is preferably a flat foundation 13.
S122, the welded surface of the steel plate 1 faces downward and is parallel to the copper plate 2 at a distance, so that a gap is formed between the steel plate 1 and the copper plate 2. In the present embodiment, the steel plates 1 and the copper plates 2 are not disposed at a regular inclination, but the steel plates 1 and the copper plates 2 are disposed in parallel, so that the connection performance of the steel plates 1 and the copper plates 2 welded in a wide range can be kept consistent everywhere after welding.
S123 the butter buffer layer 10 and the explosive layer 11 are laid in sequence in the region to be exploded on the upper surface of the steel plate 1 respectively, the butter buffer layer 10 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the steel plate 1, the explosive layer 11 is located on the upper portion of the butter buffer layer 10, and the butter buffer layer 10 can prevent the explosive force and the thermal reaction of the explosive layer 11 from damaging the upper surface of the steel plate 1.
And S124, arranging detonators on the upper part of the explosive layer 1.
S125, detonating the detonator, and connecting the copper plate 1 and the steel plate 2 by using the reaction and acting force of explosive welding to obtain the copper-steel composite plate. After the explosive is detonated, chemical energy instantaneously released can generate certain high pressure (up to 700MPa) and high temperature (locally up to 3000 ℃), impact force generated by energy waves enables the composite plate to fly downwards and violently collide with the substrate, and a contact interface generates jet flow at a collision point. The jet flow generates scouring action on the surface of the plate, and can remove an oxide film, impurities and the like on the surface, so that the clean surface forms metal bond combination. And (3) continuously moving the bonding transition layer forwards along with the continuous consumption of the explosive to form a continuous bonding transition layer so as to finish the compounding.
Referring to fig. 2, as an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace according to the present invention, the step S122 of disposing the steel plate 1 with the welded surface facing downward and in parallel with the copper plate 2 at an interval specifically includes:
acquiring four spacing brackets 12;
placing four spacing brackets 12 at the four corners of the copper plate 2;
the welded surface of the steel plate 1 faces downwards and is arranged in parallel with the copper plate 2 at intervals by means of the interval supports 12, the copper plate 2 and the steel plate 1 are rectangular plate bodies, the four interval supports 12 with the same size are placed at four corners of the copper plate 2, and the four corners are also places where the copper plate 2 cannot be subjected to explosive welding with the steel plate 1. The steel plate 1 is placed on the spacer bracket 12 to achieve a parallel spaced arrangement of the copper plate 2 and the steel plate 1. The explosive layer 11 is not coated on the steel plate 1 at the positions (four corners) corresponding to the spacing brackets 12, and the grease cushioning layer 10 and the explosive layer 11 are coated on the middle position of the steel plate 1.
Referring to fig. 2, as an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace according to the present invention, the spacer 12 has a "W" bent plate structure. The W-shaped bent plate structure is a bent structure formed by bending or stamping a plate, and the upper part and the lower part of the W-shaped bent plate structure are ground into planes. Since the interval between the copper plate 2 and the steel plate 1 may be in the order of millimeters, a large support block cannot satisfy the interval in the order of millimeters, and may not be strong enough to support the steel plate 1 without bending.
According to the specific embodiment of the method for manufacturing the blast furnace cooling stave provided by the invention, according to the measurement and calculation, the interval h between the copper plate 2 and the steel plate 1 is in the range of 3mm-7mm in order to obtain better explosive welding effect.
As a specific example of the method for manufacturing the blast furnace stave according to the present invention, the butter cushioning layer 10 has a thickness in the range of 0.5mm to 1.5mm in order to obtain a better explosion welding effect according to measurement.
As a specific example of the method for manufacturing a blast furnace stave according to the present invention, it is considered that the composition of the explosive layer 11 is a powdery emulsion explosive and the charge amount of the explosive layer 11 is 2.0g cm from the viewpoint of measurement and calculation, for obtaining a better explosive welding effect-2-3.0g·cm-2The explosive layer 11 has a charge density of 0.8g cm-3-1.2g·cm-3。
As a specific embodiment of the method for manufacturing the blast furnace cooling stave provided by the invention, because the detonation velocity of the explosive is usually high, a density regulator is required to be added to control the velocity of the explosive, and in the embodiment, the detonation velocity is controlled by adding a certain amount of sodium chloride on the basis of the powdery emulsion explosive. Drying and sieving the emulsion explosive, adding 10-30% (mass ratio) of sodium chloride, fully mixing, and uniformly stirring to obtain the more optimized components of the explosive layer 11.
In a specific embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling wall of a blast furnace according to the present invention, in step S123, when the butter cushioning layer 10 and the explosive layer 11 are sequentially laid in the explosive layer 11 and the butter cushioning layer 10 on the upper surface of the steel plate 1, respectively, the prepared explosive is placed on the butter cushioning layer 10, and is leveled by a wooden stick, so as to ensure the consistent thickness of the explosive as much as possible, and the explosive is fixed by a chemical frame made of kraft paper, thereby playing a role in restraining the explosive.
As a specific embodiment of the method for manufacturing a blast furnace stave provided in the present invention, the step S125 detonates the detonator, and the copper plate 2 and the steel plate 1 are explosion-welded to obtain a copper-steel composite plate, including:
detonating a detonator, and welding the copper plate 2 and the steel plate 1 by explosion to obtain a first-grade copper-steel composite plate; it should be noted that, since the corners (for example, the spacing brackets 12) of the first-stage copper-steel composite plate after explosion welding are not welded, the first-stage copper-steel composite plate cannot be directly used for the step S200 to manufacture the water channel;
cutting one-level copper steel composite board, obtaining the copper steel composite board of predetermineeing the size, the cutting here except cutting the corner, it is great that one-level copper steel composite board size still can be, and the composite board size that explosive welding once obtained is greater than a copper steel composite board size, can obtain polylith copper steel composite board after the cutting.
As an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace according to the present invention, in step S200, a waterway manufacturing operation is performed. S200, the water channel manufacturing method specifically comprises the following steps:
s210, a water tank is arranged on one side of the steel plate 1 of the copper-steel composite plate. One side of the steel plate 1 is the cold side of the blast furnace cooling wall, and one side of the copper plate 2 is the hot side of the blast furnace cooling wall.
S220, a water channel cover 3 is obtained, where the water channel cover 3 is a convex cover body protruding toward a side away from the copper plate 2, and may be a convex arc cover body or a convex square cover body, so as to increase a water passing area.
S230, the water channel cover 3 is welded with the steel plate 1, so that the water channel is enclosed by the water tank and the water channel cover 3 to form a water channel.
The water channel formed by enclosing in this way can increase the cross-sectional area of the water channel without excessively increasing the thickness of the steel plate 1, thereby reducing the thickness of the steel plate 1, further reducing the volume and weight of the whole copper-steel composite plate and reducing the manufacturing cost.
Referring to fig. 3 to 4, as an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace according to the present invention, the step S210 of forming a water groove on one side of a steel plate 1 of a copper-steel composite plate specifically includes:
s211, milling a water tank on one side of a steel plate 1 of the copper-steel composite plate, wherein the water tank is of a rectangular groove structure with an opening at the upper end, and the lower end of the water tank extends downwards to the copper plate 2 (layer), so that cooling liquid in the water tank can directly exchange heat with the copper plate 2 for cooling, and the cooling effect of a cooling wall of the blast furnace is improved; certainly, the lower end of the water tank cannot penetrate into one side of the copper plate 2 too deeply, otherwise, the wall of the water channel is easy to crack due to the overhigh temperature of the copper plate 2. Moreover, the lower end of the water tank cannot penetrate into one side of the copper plate 2 too deeply, and the copper plate 2 cannot be guaranteed to have certain strength.
S212, polishing the inner wall of the water tank, wherein the roughness of the inner wall surface of the water tank is less than Ra6.3, so that the resistance of the cooling liquid in the water channel is reduced.
As an embodiment of the method for manufacturing the blast furnace stave according to the present invention, when milling the water channel on the steel plate 1 side of the copper-steel composite plate in step S211, a conventional milling cutter is used to open the groove on the steel plate 1 at a low speed until reaching the interface of the copper-steel composite layer. And after entering the copper layer, replacing a fly cutter or an alloy cutter to keep high-speed grooving, wherein the grooving width is kept smaller than the grooving width of the steel plate, namely, a space for rounding off is reserved.
Referring to fig. 3 to 4, as an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace according to the present invention, the step S220 obtains the water passage cover 3, where the water passage cover 3 is a convex cover body protruding toward a side away from the copper plate 2, and specifically includes: a semicircular pipe type waterway cover 3 is obtained, and the diameter of the waterway cover 3 is equal to the width of the water tank (the extending direction and the depth direction of the non-water tank). The water channel is a rectangular groove, so that the bottom of the water channel is flat, the water cross-sectional area of the water channel is increased as much as possible (compared with the grooves with other shapes) under the condition that the water channel is not deep into the copper plate 2, and meanwhile, the semicircular pipe type water channel cover 3 encloses and forms a larger water cross-sectional area under the condition that the material of the water channel cover 3 is saved.
Step S230 is to weld the water channel cover 3 to the steel plate 1, so that the water channel and the water channel cover enclose to form a water channel specifically includes: the water channel cover 3 is covered above the water channel (on one side of the opening), and the water channel cover 3 is connected with the steel plate 1 in a sealing welding mode, so that the water channel and the water channel cover 3 are enclosed to form a water channel. It should be understood that the two ends of the waterway cover 3 are necessarily provided with blocking structures or are welded and blocked with some structures on the copper-steel composite plate, so that the waterway is relatively closed and does not leak the cooling liquid.
As an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace according to the present invention, the step S221 of obtaining the semicircular pipe type waterway cover 3 specifically includes:
obtaining a circular tube;
the circular tube is cut in the axial direction thereof to obtain two semicircular tube-shaped waterway covers 3.
The semicircular pipe type waterway cover 3 can be obtained by cutting a standard circular pipe so as to reduce the manufacturing cost of the waterway cover 3.
In an embodiment of the method for manufacturing the cooling stave of the blast furnace of the present invention, the material of the waterway cover 3 is the same as that of the steel plate 1, so as to facilitate welding.
As an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace according to the present invention, the step S221 of obtaining the semicircular pipe type water passage cover further includes:
the two ends of the water channel cover 3 in the axial direction are respectively provided with a communicating port so as to facilitate the conduction of the water channel and the water pipe 4, and the connecting port is positioned on the arc-shaped outer wall of the water channel cover 3. The water pipe 4 is connected with the water channel cover 3 in a welding mode, and the communication opening is communicated with the water pipe 4. The step of opening the communication port may be located after the circular tube is cut or before the circular tube is cut.
In an embodiment of the method for manufacturing the cooling stave of the blast furnace of the present invention, the water pipe 4 and the water passage cover 3 are made of the same material for welding.
As an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace according to the present invention, the step S221 of obtaining the semicircular pipe type water passage cover further includes:
the inner wall of the waterway cover 3 is polished to have a surface roughness of Ra6.3 or less of the inner wall of the waterway cover 3, to reduce the resistance of the coolant in the waterway. This step should be performed after the step of opening the communication port.
Referring to fig. 3 to 4, as an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a blast furnace stave according to the present invention, the method for manufacturing a blast furnace stave according to the present invention further includes a step S400 of welding the sleeve assembly, wherein the step S400 of welding the sleeve assembly is performed after the step S300 of welding the water pipe, although the step S400 of welding the sleeve assembly may be performed before or after the step 700 of hydraulic pressure test, and these two steps do not affect each other, and generally, the step S400 of welding the sleeve assembly is performed immediately after the step S300 of welding the water pipe. Step S400 of welding the sleeve assembly specifically includes the following operations:
s410, obtaining an outer-layer sleeve 5 and an inner-layer sleeve 6;
s420, the outer-layer sleeve 5 and the inner-layer sleeve 6 are connected with the water channel cover 3 in a welded mode respectively, the inner-layer sleeve 6 is wrapped on the outer side of the water pipe 4, the outer-layer sleeve 5 is wrapped on the outer side of the inner-layer water pipe 6, a gap is formed between the inner-layer sleeve 6 and the water pipe 4, and a gap is formed between the outer-layer sleeve 5 and the inner-layer sleeve 6.
Because the blast furnace stave is installed on the blast furnace at last, water pipe 4 need pass the perforation on the blast furnace wall and come to communicate with the cooler of peripheral hardware, blast furnace wall temperature is high, water pipe 4 is in blast furnace wall direct contact, probably can make water pipe 4 and the junction high temperature damage of water course lid 3, consequently increase the thimble subassembly in the water pipe 4 outside, with avoid water pipe 4 and blast furnace wall direct contact, the clearance has between inlayer sleeve 6 and the water pipe 4 simultaneously, the clearance has between skin sleeve 5 and the inlayer sleeve 6, can make the high temperature of water pipe 4 isolated blast furnace wall better. Meanwhile, the sleeve assembly can avoid cracking and water leakage caused by the influence of thermal shock on the cooling wall in the working process.
As a specific example of the method for manufacturing the blast furnace stave according to the present invention, the depth of the water tank extending to the copper plate 2 is 5mm to 15 mm. The basin stretches into copper 2 one side and helps the heat transfer of water course and copper 2, but the basin should not stretch into copper 2 one side too deeply to avoid transition to detract from the intensity of copper 2.
Referring to fig. 3 to 4, as an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace provided by the present invention, the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace further comprises a step S1000 of milling the slot 9 and installing a refractory material. The step S1000 of milling the groove and installing the refractory material specifically comprises the following steps:
milling a slot 9 on one side of the copper plate 2 far away from the steel plate 1, wherein the interval between the bottom of the slot 9 and the bottom of the water tank is more than 20 mm;
a refractory material is obtained and installed in the slot 9.
The refractory material can effectively reduce the high-temperature damage of the cooling wall of the blast furnace, and the interval between the bottom of the open groove 9 and the bottom of the water groove is more than 20mm so as to avoid the strength of the copper plate 2 from being reduced by transition.
As a specific example of the method for manufacturing the blast furnace stave according to the present invention, the refractory material is a refractory brick or a refractory paint coated in the slot 9.
Referring to fig. 3, as an embodiment of the method for manufacturing the cooling stave of the blast furnace provided by the present invention, the water passage has a plurality of parallel water passages arranged at intervals, and the extending direction of the water passage is perpendicular to the extending direction of the slot 9.
Referring to fig. 3, as an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace provided in the present invention, the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace further includes a step S900 of welding a reinforcing rib, and the step S900 of welding the reinforcing rib includes:
obtaining a plurality of first reinforcing ribs 7, welding each first reinforcing rib 7 on one side surface of the steel plate 1 far away from the copper plate 2, and connecting each first reinforcing rib 7 to the edge of the steel plate 1 in a closed structure in a tail-ending connection manner;
and obtaining a plurality of second reinforcing ribs 8, welding each second reinforcing rib 8 on one side surface of the steel plate 1 far away from the copper plate 2 in parallel and at intervals, wherein each second reinforcing rib 8 is positioned in the closed structure and is perpendicular to the extending direction of each water channel.
The first reinforcing ribs 7 and the second reinforcing ribs 8 can effectively enhance the strength and rigidity of the blast furnace cooling wall.
As a specific embodiment of the manufacturing method of the blast furnace stave provided by the present invention, the second reinforcing rib 8 is provided with a notch adapted to the water channel cover 3, and the second reinforcing rib 8 is further connected to the water channel cover 3 by welding, so as to enhance the connection rigidity of the whole blast furnace stave.
As a specific example of the method for manufacturing the blast furnace stave according to the present invention, an arc transition structure is provided between the vertical wall of the water tank and the surface of the steel plate 1, and an arc transition structure is provided between the vertical wall of the water tank and the bottom of the water tank. The optimized design of the circular arc transition structure can reduce the cooling dead zone and enhance the heat transfer effect.
As a specific example of the manufacturing method of the cooling wall of the blast furnace provided by the present invention, step S800 is a hydraulic pressure test: carry out water injection and pressurize to the water course to the leakproofness of test water course specifically includes:
s810, sealing one end of the water channel;
s820, injecting water from the other end of the water channel to enable the water pressure in the water channel to reach 2.0 Mpa;
s830, closing the water injection end of the water channel and keeping the water channel in a closed state for 3 hours;
s840, if the water pressure of the water channel can be kept above 1.9Mpa within 3 hours of the water channel being kept in a closed state, judging that the water channel is qualified in sealing property; otherwise, judging that the water channel sealing performance is unqualified, and repairing or scrapping the cooling wall of the blast furnace.
As a specific embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling wall of a blast furnace provided by the present invention, the method for manufacturing a cooling wall of a blast furnace further includes a step S500 of annealing, and the step S500 of annealing is performed immediately after the sleeve assembly is welded in the step S400. The annealing treatment in step S500 specifically includes:
and annealing the copper-steel composite plate, wherein the annealing temperature is controlled to be 400-600 ℃, and the annealing time is controlled to be 8.5-11 h.
Since the welding operation in the steps of manufacturing the water channel in the step S300 and welding the sleeve assembly in the step S400 may generate a large stress on the cooling wall of the blast furnace, the annealing process in the step S500 is performed to help the cooling wall of the blast furnace to release the stress rapidly.
As an embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace according to the present invention, the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace according to the present embodiment further includes the step S600 of leveling the chute cover 3, and the step S600 of leveling the chute cover 3 specifically includes: the height of the waterway cover 3 at the side far from the steel plate 1 is leveled.
As a specific embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace provided by the present invention, the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes step S700 of performing a nondestructive inspection on the (welded) copper-steel composite plate. Step S700 of performing nondestructive inspection on the (welded) copper-steel composite plate is performed after leveling the water channel cover and before the water pressure test of step S800.
Step S700, the nondestructive inspection of the copper-steel composite plate specifically comprises the following steps:
s710 obtains the comparative sample and the attenuation coefficient of the comparative sample, where the attenuation coefficient of the comparative sample is also obtained through data analysis of nondestructive inspection, and the obtaining of the attenuation coefficient of the comparative sample belongs to the prior art and is not described herein again.
S720, carrying out ultrasonic detection on the copper-steel composite plate and obtaining the attenuation coefficient of the copper-steel composite plate.
S730, scanning and detecting the flaw of one side of the copper plate 2 of the copper-steel composite plate to obtain the defect condition of scanning and detecting the flaw.
S740, comparing the attenuation coefficient of the comparative sample with the attenuation coefficient of the copper-steel composite plate, and if the attenuation coefficient of the copper-steel composite plate and the attenuation coefficient of the comparative sample are out of the range of 0.9-1.1, judging that the copper-steel composite plate is unqualified; and if the defect condition of scanning flaw detection does not meet the expected condition, judging that the copper-steel composite plate is unqualified, and repairing or scrapping the unqualified copper-steel composite plate. And the qualification of the copper-steel composite plate can be judged only if the attenuation coefficient of the copper-steel composite plate and the attenuation coefficient of the comparative sample are within the range of 0.9-1.1 and the defect condition of scanning flaw detection is in accordance with the expected condition. And if the copper-steel composite plate is unqualified, repairing the copper-steel composite plate until the copper-steel composite plate is qualified.
As a specific example of the method for manufacturing the blast furnace stave according to the present invention, a copper plate having the same thickness as that of the copper-steel composite plate is used as a comparative example.
As a specific example of the method for manufacturing the cooling stave of the blast furnace according to the present invention, the flaw detector of the present example uses an A-type display pulse reflectometry flaw detector having an operating frequency of at least 2.5 to 5MHz and a longitudinal wave straight probe in a range of 8 to 20 mm.
As a specific embodiment of the manufacturing method of the blast furnace cooling wall provided by the invention, the defect conditions comprise: projection area between water tanks (water tank)The projected area between the areas projected to the hot side of the copper plate) or per m in the projected area between the water trough and the edge of the copper plate 22The number of point defects smaller than 8mm in the workpiece solid and whether the copper plate 2 has defects such as inclusion, interlayer, looseness, cracks and the like. The expected situation is every m in the projected area between the water troughs or between the water trough and the edge of the copper slab 22The number of the point defects smaller than 8mm in the workpiece solid is less than or equal to 8, and the copper plate 2 has no defects such as inclusion, interlayer, looseness, cracks and the like. The condition that the scanning flaw detection defect conditions meet the expected conditions refers to that every m in the projection area between the water tanks or the projection area between the water tanks and the edge of the copper plate 22The number of the point defects smaller than 8mm in the workpiece solid is less than or equal to 8, and the copper plate 2 has no defects such as inclusion, interlayer, looseness, cracks and the like. The condition that the scanning flaw detection is not expected is that the projection area between the water tanks or the projection area between the water tank and the edge of the copper plate 2 is every m2The number of the point defects smaller than 8mm in the workpiece solid is larger than 8, or the copper plate 2 has defects of inclusion, interlayer, looseness, cracks and the like.
As a specific embodiment of the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace provided by the present invention, the method for manufacturing a cooling stave of a blast furnace provided by the embodiment of the present invention sequentially comprises the following steps:
s100, manufacturing a copper-steel composite plate;
s200, manufacturing a water channel;
s300, welding a water pipe;
s400, welding a sleeve assembly;
s500, annealing treatment;
s600 leveling the water channel cover;
s700, carrying out nondestructive inspection on the copper-steel composite plate;
s800, testing water pressure;
s900, welding reinforcing ribs;
s1000, milling and grooving and installing refractory materials.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for manufacturing a blast furnace stave comprising the steps of,
manufacturing a copper-steel composite plate: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining a copper plate and a steel plate, and manufacturing and obtaining a copper-steel composite plate by taking the copper plate as a base plate and the steel plate as a composite plate in an explosive welding mode;
manufacturing a water channel;
welding a water pipe: obtaining a water pipe, welding and connecting the water pipe with the water channel, and enabling the water pipe to be communicated with the water channel:
and (3) water pressure testing: and injecting water into the water channel and maintaining pressure to test the tightness of the water channel.
2. The method for manufacturing the cooling wall of the blast furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the copper plate is a TU1 oxygen-free copper plate, the steel plate is a Q345R low-alloy high-strength steel plate, and the thickness of the copper plate ranges from 50mm to 70 mm; the thickness of the steel plate ranges from 20mm to 30 mm.
3. The method for manufacturing a stave cooler according to claim 2 wherein the manufacturing of the copper-steel composite plate by explosion welding using the copper plate as a base plate and the steel plate as a composite plate comprises:
flatly placing the welded surface of the copper plate upwards on an explosive foundation;
the welded surface of the steel plate faces downwards and is arranged in parallel with the copper plate at intervals;
respectively and sequentially laying a butter buffer layer and an explosive layer in an area to be exploded on the upper surface of the steel plate;
arranging a detonator on the upper part of the explosive layer;
and detonating the detonator, and connecting the copper plate and the steel plate by explosive welding to obtain the copper-steel composite plate.
4. The method of manufacturing a stave cooler according to claim 3 wherein the positioning of the welded surface of the steel plate facing downward and spaced apart from and parallel to the copper plate comprises:
obtaining four spacing brackets;
placing four spacing brackets at four corners of the copper plate;
and downwards arranging the welded surface of the steel plate and the copper plate at a parallel interval by virtue of the interval bracket.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the spacer bracket is of a W-bent plate structure.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the distance between the copper plate and the steel plate is in a range of 3mm to 7 mm.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein the butter cushioning layer has a thickness in the range of 0.5mm to 1.5 mm.
8. The method of manufacturing a blast furnace stave according to claim 3 wherein the component of the explosive layer is a powdery emulsion explosive and the charge amount of the explosive layer is 2.0 g-cm-2-3.0g·cm-2The explosive layer has a charge density of 0.8 g-cm-3-1.2g·cm-3。
9. The method of manufacturing a blast furnace stave according to claim 8 wherein the detonating the primer to connect the copper plate and the steel plate by explosion welding to obtain the copper-steel composite plate comprises:
detonating the detonator, and welding the copper plate and the steel plate by explosion to obtain a first-grade copper-steel composite plate;
and cutting the first-stage copper-steel composite plate to obtain the copper-steel composite plate with a preset size.
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| CN202011558340.8A CN112872716A (en) | 2020-12-25 | 2020-12-25 | Method for manufacturing cooling wall of blast furnace |
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