CN112872311A - Design method of investment precision casting chill - Google Patents
Design method of investment precision casting chill Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112872311A CN112872311A CN202110043897.6A CN202110043897A CN112872311A CN 112872311 A CN112872311 A CN 112872311A CN 202110043897 A CN202110043897 A CN 202110043897A CN 112872311 A CN112872311 A CN 112872311A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- determining
- chiller
- chills
- shell
- hot spot
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
Abstract
The invention provides a design method of investment precision casting chill, which comprises the steps of selecting the material of the chill, and determining the size of the required chill according to the size of a hot spot part of a casting; determining the shape and the number of the chills according to the shape of the hot spot part, wherein the number of the chills is not less than 2; determining the fixing position and the fixing mode of the chilling block on the shell by combining the shell structure; determining a fixing mode of a chilling block and a wax mould according to the structure of the wax mould; and determining the gap value between the chills according to the shrinkage characteristics of the chills. The design method provided by the invention provides a solution for placing the internal chill for investment casting, effectively solves the problem of looseness which cannot be eliminated by adopting the measures of conventional risers, process patching and the like, greatly saves the trial production period of products and reduces the manufacturing cost by designing the investment casting chill according to the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of investment precision casting, and particularly relates to a design method of investment precision casting chilling block.
Background
In the field of investment precision casting, for complex castings with thermal junctions, quality problems such as shrinkage cavities, looseness and the like are easy to generate at the thermal junctions. In sand casting, the local cooling rate of the casting can be increased by placing chills in the sand mold, so that the effect of controlling the cooling sequence is achieved. The application of the chilling block in sand casting is very mature, but for investment casting, the chilling block is difficult to place, and the chilling block is not widely applied in actual production. Chinese patent CN103192027A, published as 7/10/2013, entitled "a method for locally cooling investment precision casting chill", discloses only a process scheme for assembling built-in chill after the preparation of shell, and does not relate to a process method for directly combining built-in chill and wax mold. Chinese patent CN207013682U, entitled "investment casting chill", discloses a method for arranging chill in a polycarbon gypsum protective shell, which is specially used for casting hole parts, and does not relate to a general process method for directly combining the built-in chill and a wax pattern.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the inventor of the invention carries out intensive research and provides a design method of investment precision casting chilling block, aiming at solving the problem that the looseness cannot be eliminated by adopting the conventional measures such as a riser, a process patch and the like in the field of investment precision casting, the problems of chilling block, wax mold and shell fixation and chilling block and shrinkage matching of the chilling block and the shell are effectively solved by reasonably designing the size specification, the fixing mode and the shrinkage gap reservation amount of the chilling block, namely the design and application problems of the built-in chilling block in precision casting, and a solution is provided for controlling the internal quality of the investment precision casting. The investment precision casting chill is designed according to the method, thereby greatly saving the trial production period of the product and reducing the manufacturing cost, thereby completing the invention.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a design method of investment precision casting chilling block comprises the following steps:
selecting a material of the chiller, and determining the size of the required chiller according to the size of the hot spot part of the casting;
determining the shape and the number of the chills according to the shape of the hot spot part of the casting, wherein the number of the chills is not less than 2;
determining the fixing position and the fixing mode of the chilling block on the shell by combining the shell structure;
determining a fixing mode of a chilling block and a wax mould according to the structure of the wax mould;
and determining the gap value between the chills according to the shrinkage characteristics of the chills.
The design method of the investment precision casting chilling block provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the design method is suitable for various types of investment precision castings, and provides a solution for placing the built-in chilling block of the investment precision castings;
(2) according to the design method, the high-temperature-resistant metal alloy is selected as the chilling block, the set gap is reserved between the adjacent chilling blocks on the basis of the shrinkage matching characteristic of the chilling block and the shell, and the problem of shell cracking at the position where the internal chilling block is placed in investment precision casting is effectively solved;
(3) the design method of the invention designs the investment pattern precision casting chill according to the method, greatly saves the trial production period of the casting and reduces the manufacturing cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a chiller design at a flange portion of a housing I in example 1;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a chiller design at a flange portion of a housing II in embodiment 2.
Description of the reference numerals
1-hot spot location; 2-chilling iron; 3-a scaffold; 4-a bonding surface; 5-gap.
Detailed Description
The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and appreciated from the following detailed description of the invention.
The invention provides a design method of investment precision casting chilling block, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a material of the chiller, and determining the size of the required chiller according to the size of the hot spot part of the casting;
determining the shape and the number of the chills according to the shape of the hot spot part of the casting, wherein the number of the chills is not less than 2;
determining the fixing position and the fixing mode of the chilling block on the shell by combining the shell structure;
determining a fixing mode of a chilling block and a wax mould according to the structure of the wax mould;
and determining the gap value between the chills according to the shrinkage characteristics of the chills.
In the step of selecting the material of the chiller, the chiller is any one of a nickel-based superalloy, a cobalt-based superalloy, an iron-based superalloy, and the like, and preferably the nickel-based superalloy. The inventor finds in the research process that the high-temperature roasting link of the shell puts a very high requirement on the oxidation resistance of the chilling block, the chilling block has poor oxidation resistance, and is easy to generate oxide skin, and the oxide skin enters the casting to form defects, so that a high-temperature alloy material with good oxidation resistance at high temperature needs to be selected, and the nickel-based high-temperature alloy, the cobalt-based high-temperature alloy or the iron-based high-temperature alloy is preferably selected.
In the invention, in the step of determining the size of the required chiller according to the size of the hot spot of the casting, the volume of the chiller is 0.8-1 time of the volume of the hot spot. When the hot joint is in an annular structure such as a flange structure, the size a × B of the chiller is (0.8-1) × A × B, wherein a is the width of the chiller, B is the height of the chiller, A is the width of the hot joint part, and B is the height of the hot joint part.
In the step of determining the shape and the number of the chills according to the shape of the hot spot, the shape of the chills of the hot spot follows the shape of the hot spot of the casting body. The invention fixes the chilling block and the wax pattern, coats the wax pattern to make a shell according to the normal process, forms the shell by roasting after dewaxing, fixes the chilling block in the shell, and forms a casting mould of a casting together with the shell as shown in figure 1 and figure 2. When the casting is cast, the hot spot part of the casting is contacted with the chilling block, so that the heat conduction of the hot spot part is accelerated, and the quality problems of shrinkage cavity, looseness and the like are avoided.
Furthermore, the number of the chilling blocks is 2-4. The inventor finds that the shrinkage characteristic of the integral chilling block of the single chilling block can cause the shell to crack in the research process; and more than 4 pieces, the cooling effect will be reduced.
Further, the connecting part of the chilling block and the wax mould adopts R smooth transition treatment. Avoid the stress concentration that the closed angle effect brought to cause the shell to appear crackle.
In the invention, in the step of determining the fixing position and the fixing mode of the chilling block on the shell by combining the shell structure, the chilling block is fixed on the shell in a support embedding mode, and the height (c value) of the support is 0.85-0.9 times of the thickness of the shell; in the width direction of the chiller, the width (d value) of the bracket is 0.7-0.8 times of the width (a value) of the chiller.
Meanwhile, the cold iron is in a fixed position of the shell, and the cold iron is in contact with a hot spot of the formed casting.
In the invention, in the step of determining the fixing mode of the chilling block and the wax mould according to the structure of the wax mould, the fixing mode of the chilling block and the wax mould comprises coating adhesive on a joint surface for bonding and fixing, for example, bonding and fixing by using AB adhesive and the like.
In the step of determining the gap value between the chills according to the shrinkage characteristic of the chills, the gap value between the chills is designed to be 2-5 mm, and the gap is filled with wax materials. The number of the chills is not less than 2, the inventor conducts experiments on clearance setting, and finds that if the clearance value is too small and is lower than the minimum value of the range, the clearance value cannot be reasonably matched with the shrinkage characteristics of the chills, and the shell cracking problem occurs, and if the clearance value is too large and is higher than the minimum value of the range, the chilling action of the chills is reduced, and the loosening defect is easy to occur, so that the clearance value is determined to be designed to be 2-5 mm, and the clearance value is selected according to the size of the thermal joint in practical application.
Examples
Example 1
In the casting pouring position shown in the shell I, the lower flange part is a casting hot spot, and the cooling rate of the part is increased by setting investment casting chill so as to achieve the effect of controlling the cooling sequence.
(1) The cross-sectional dimension of the hot spot part 1 of the shell I is 28mm multiplied by 13mm, the material of the chilling block 2 is nickel-based high-temperature alloy, and the size specification is as follows: 0.85 × a × B309.4, where B is 13mm, then a is 23.8 mm;
(2) according to the shape of the hot spot part 1, the shape of the chilling block 2 is designed to be annular, and the number of the chilling blocks is 4. The connecting part of the chilling block and the wax mould adopts R smooth transition treatment, as shown in figure 1;
(3) combining a shell structure, selecting a fixed position of a chill at the bottom, fixing the chill in a manner of embedding a bracket 3, wherein the value of the bracket c is 0.85 times of the thickness of the shell, namely 0.85 multiplied by 10mm is 8.5 mm; the bracket d value is 0.8 times of the width a of the chilling block, namely 0.8 multiplied by 23.8mm is 19.0 mm;
(4) the method for fixing the chill and the wax mold adopts a mode of bonding on a bonding surface 4;
(5) according to the shrinkage characteristic of the chilling block, the value of the gap 5 is determined to be 3mm, and the gap is filled with wax materials. And (3) completing the cold iron setting according to the steps, wherein in the shell preparation process, the shell does not crack under high-temperature roasting, and the cold iron does not oxidize. After the pouring is finished, the hot spot of the casting is cut and inspected, and the defects of shrinkage cavity and evacuation are not generated.
Example 2
And in the casting pouring position shown in the shell II, the lower flange part is a casting hot spot, and the cooling rate of the part is increased by setting investment casting chill so as to achieve the effect of controlling the cooling sequence.
(1) The cross-sectional dimension of the hot spot part 1 of the shell II is 32mm multiplied by 24mm, the material of the chilling block 2 is nickel-based high-temperature alloy, and the size specification is as follows: a × B is 0.8 × a × B is 614.4, where B is 24mm, and a is 25.6 mm;
(2) according to the shape of the hot spot part 1, the shape of the chilling block 2 is designed to be annular, and the number of the chilling blocks is 4. The connecting part of the chilling block and the wax mould adopts R smooth transition treatment, as shown in figure 2;
(3) combining a shell structure, selecting a fixed position of a chill at the bottom, fixing the chill in a manner of embedding a bracket 3, wherein the value of the bracket c is 0.85 times of the thickness of the shell, namely 0.85 multiplied by 12mm is 10.2 mm; the bracket d value is 0.8 times of the width a of the chilling block, namely 0.8 multiplied by 25.6mm is 20.5 mm;
(4) the method for fixing the chill and the wax mold adopts a mode of bonding on a bonding surface 4;
(5) according to the shrinkage characteristic of the chilling block, the value of the gap 5 is determined to be designed to be 4mm, and the gap is filled with wax materials. And (3) completing the cold iron setting according to the steps, wherein in the shell preparation process, the shell does not crack under high-temperature roasting, and the cold iron does not oxidize. After the pouring is finished, the hot spot of the casting is cut and inspected, and the defects of shrinkage cavity and evacuation are not generated.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments and illustrative examples, but the description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications or improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present invention and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A design method of investment precision casting chilling block is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a material of the chiller, and determining the size of the required chiller according to the size of the hot spot part of the casting;
determining the shape and the number of the chills according to the shape of the hot spot part of the casting, wherein the number of the chills is not less than 2;
determining the fixing position and the fixing mode of the chilling block on the shell by combining the shell structure;
determining a fixing mode of a chilling block and a wax mould according to the structure of the wax mould;
and determining the gap value between the chills according to the shrinkage characteristics of the chills.
2. The design method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step of selecting the material of the chiller, the chiller is selected from any one of a nickel-based superalloy, a cobalt-based superalloy, and an iron-based superalloy.
3. The design method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of determining the size of the chiller according to the size of the hot spot of the casting, the volume of the chiller is 0.8-1 times of the volume of the hot spot.
4. The design method of claim 1 wherein the step of determining the shape and number of chills based on the shape of the hot spot follows the shape of the cast body hot spot.
5. The design method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of determining the shape and number of the chills according to the shape of the hot spot, the number of the chills is 2-4.
6. The design method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of determining the shape and number of the chiller according to the shape of the hot spot portion, an R-rounding transition process is applied to a portion where the chiller is connected to the wax pattern.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining the location and manner of attachment of the chiller to the shell in combination with the shell structure satisfies the chiller contacting the hot spot of the shaped casting in the fixed location of the shell.
8. The design method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of determining the fixing position and fixing manner of the chiller on the shell by combining with the shell structure, the chiller is fixed on the shell by embedding a bracket, and the height of the bracket is 0.85-0.9 times of the thickness of the shell; in the width direction of the chiller, the width of the bracket is 0.7-0.8 times of the width of the chiller.
9. The design method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of determining the fixing manner of the chiller and the wax pattern according to the wax pattern structure, the fixing manner of the chiller and the wax pattern comprises coating adhesive on the joint surface for adhesion and fixation.
10. The design method according to claim 1, wherein in the step of determining the gap value between the chills according to the shrinkage characteristics of the chills, the gap value between the chills is 2-5 mm, and the gap is filled with wax.
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| CN202110043897.6A CN112872311A (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2021-01-13 | Design method of investment precision casting chill |
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-
2021
- 2021-01-13 CN CN202110043897.6A patent/CN112872311A/en active Pending
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