CN102228956A - Precision fire mould casting process of series sliding bed bedplates for turnouts of high-speed railway lines for passenger transport and special die - Google Patents

Precision fire mould casting process of series sliding bed bedplates for turnouts of high-speed railway lines for passenger transport and special die Download PDF

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CN102228956A
CN102228956A CN 201110191513 CN201110191513A CN102228956A CN 102228956 A CN102228956 A CN 102228956A CN 201110191513 CN201110191513 CN 201110191513 CN 201110191513 A CN201110191513 A CN 201110191513A CN 102228956 A CN102228956 A CN 102228956A
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shell
die
cast
bed platen
casting
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CN102228956B (en
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蔡建民
周鹏
张西谋
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CRBBG Tycoon Industrial Development Co Ltd
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CRBBG Tycoon Industrial Development Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a precision fire mould casting process of series sliding bed bedplates for turnouts of high-speed railway lines for passenger transport, which comprises the following steps of: 1, designing and making a wax die profiling die; 2, moulding; 3, making a housing; 4, roasting a housing mold; 5, melting and pouring molten steel; 6, removing the housing and cleaning; 7, polishing allowance of a gas cutting gate and finishing weld repairing; 8, thermally heating; 9, blasting and cleaning; and 10, machining. A die structurally and integrally consists of an upper die and a lower die, wherein a step-shaped surface parting loose piece is arranged between the upper die and the lower die, a casting identifier word block loose piece 7 is arranged at the side surface of the lower die and is of a movable insert structure; and the upper die and the lower die are connected and fastened through an upper die positioning pin and a lower die positioning pin which are positioned between the upper die and the lower die and two fastening bolts and butterfly nuts, the fastening bolts and the butterfly nuts are positioned at the diagonal position, and loose piece positioning pins for positioning loose pieces are arranged on positions corresponding to the upper die and the lower die. The precision fire mould casting process is feasible; and the product quality is stable, and the qualification ratio under first acceptance check of products reaches 100 percent.

Description

High speed passenger dedicated railway track switch slides bed platen precision investment casting technology and particular manufacturing craft with series
Technical field
The invention belongs to the transportation technical field, particularly high speed passenger dedicated railway track switch slides the manufacturing technology of bed platen with series.
Background technology
Sliding bed platen is the vitals in 250 kilometers of speed per hours, the 350 kilometers passenger dedicated railway line track switch products, and sliding bed platen is the plane that the support movable tongue slides, and is again the platform of tongue stationarity when guaranteeing the bullet train operation.Sliding bed platen design material is ZG230-450, its shape is a template foundry goods typical slim and that length-width ratio is bigger than normal, whole become the flexural deformation of easily closing up of groove shape, and the end becomes the yielding foundry goods of opening shape, must take multinomial technological measure to ensure the physical dimension and the precision of cast product, as the big plane of supporting the tongue slip plane any casting internal flaw must not be arranged simultaneously, need take multinomial technological measure for this reason, guarantee the feasible of each procedure technology of precision investment casting, realized the production of sliding bed platen precision investment casting.
Summary of the invention
Sliding bed platen is the vitals of high speed passenger dedicated railway track switch product, and the casted die mould of properties of product and geometric accuracy requirement is satisfied in design, develops the procedure technology process that a whole set of precision investment casting production needs, and guarantees external quality in the product.
Line for Passenger Transportation is long strip-board shape with the shape of sliding bed platen steel-casting, the width section is the groove shape, the wall thickness gap is bigger, the end is the opening shape, easy deformation, and riser feeding is difficulty, technological design must guarantee that defectives such as shrinkage porosite, shrinkage cavity must not appear in foundry goods inside, the appearance quality is good, the foundry goods torsional deformation must not occur, must guarantee the physical dimension and the precision of foundry goods.Implement according to following steps in the precision investment casting process for this reason:
(1), the design of wax-pattern casted die mould and making: according to the shape of sliding bed platen, designing mould, and consider die joint position, the shrinkage factor of steel-casting, movable pellet position, pattern draft, foundry goods sign size and location and dead head size and location are set; The whole upper and lower mould two parts that adopt of mould structure, it is stepped that die joint becomes, and total shrinkage is controlled at 2.4%;
(2), molding: by product type specification assembling casted die mould, pressure injection is gone into cerul mould material and pressurize, and after casted die mould was placed and cooled off in the entry, the taking-up wax-pattern was placed in the entry and cooled off; Cold wax-pattern after repairing type, again with water excellent assembly welding, the intact wax-pattern group of assembly welding is put into cleaning fluid and clear water and is cleaned the back and hang air-dry;
(3), system shell: process for making shell adopts the sodium silicate binder full form casting process;
(4), the roasting of shell: dry shell is put into the shell roaster in an orderly manner, determines the roasting standard, takes the low continuous roasting mode of high temperature, 550 ℃ of roastings earlier 60 minutes, 880 ℃ of roastings are 240 minutes again, the directly cast of coming out of the stove;
(5), the smelting of molten steel and cast: smelting equipment is a 500kg intermediate frequency coreless induction furnace, requirement according to sliding bed platen material ZG250-450, proportioning foundry returns, steel scrap, ferroalloy are gone into the stove smelting in proportion, and in time adjust the molten steel in the stove chemical composition according to the chemical composition analysis result of sample in the stove, till qualified;
(6), shelling and cleaning: use chipping instrument cleaning cast(ing) surface shell, sand grains and oxide skin, adopt fusion cutting method excision foundry goods pouring and riser systems, and reserve 3 millimeters rising head surplus.
(7), polishing gas cutting cast gate surplus and soldering finishing;
(8), heat treatment: adopt normalizing to add tempering process, pack into behind the sliding bed platen foundry goods dress basket in the heat-treatment furnace, and heat-treat according to the heat-treatment of annealing technological specification, each heat Ying Suilu six roots of sensation heat treatment machinery service check test specimen of packing into, the mechanical performance test test specimen should be placed on and the thermocouple same position;
(9), impeller blasting: remove surface scale and residual sand;
(10), machined: the process allowances such as casting amount of dead head, technology stifled muscle, technology lacing wire and interpolation are removed in processing.
The whole employing of mould structure of the present invention is made of upper die and lower die two parts, and the die joint loose piece is stepped between the two, and it is loose plug formula structure that foundry goods sign block loose piece 7 is arranged on the counterdie lateral location; Be connected fasteningly between the upper die and lower die by the upper and lower mould alignment pin in the middle of being positioned at and two fastening bolts that are positioned at diagonal position with wing nut, be provided with the loose piece fastening screw that loose piece is located at the upper die and lower die correspondence position.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: 1, high speed passenger dedicated railway track switch slides bed platen precision investment casting feasible process with series, constant product quality, and delivery-check qualified rate of product reaches 100%.2, the product home position standard of the sliding bed of series platen, the font of mark, big or small standard, writing is clear, has promoted the presentation quality of track switch product.3, design and produce at mould, aspects such as full form casting process, process for machining have taked multinomial technical measures to ensure the physical dimension and the precision of the sliding bed of series platen steel-casting product, have significantly reduced the casting internal flaw on the big plane of sliding, and are effective.4, the precision investment casting process improving production operation environment, reduced the environment dust pollution, guaranteed that the employee's is healthy.5, the sliding bed of series platen precision investment casting production technology has improved labor productivity, reduced manufacturing cost, widened production channel and production range, satisfied the needs of track switch product, this process can further be generalized in other the iron casting production.6, since producing in February, 2006, produce ton surplus all kinds of sliding bed platen steel-castings 360 altogether, steel-casting is widely used in No. 18 Line for Passenger Transportation track switches of 250 kilometers 60kg/m rail of speed per hour, No. 18 Line for Passenger Transportation track switches of 350 kilometers 60kg/m rail of Shanghai-Nanjing Railway Line speed per hour, No. 42 simple turnouts of the military 350 kilometers 60kg/m rail of line speed per hour of stone, in No. 42 products such as simple turnout of 350 kilometers 60kg/m rail of Shanghai-Nanjing Railway Line speed per hour, product quality is subjected to user's favorable comment.
Description of drawings:
Figure is that track switch slides bed platen die structure dwg (Reference numeral: 1-fastening screw, 2-wing nut, 3-patrix, 4-counterdie, 5-handgrip, 6-upper and lower mould alignment pin, 7-identifier word loose piece, 8-fastening bolt) with series.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is according to following process implementing:
1, the design of wax-pattern casted die mould and making: according to the shape of sliding bed platen, that has considered die joint position, the shrinkage factor of steel-casting, movable pellet during the designing mould structure is provided with technical problems such as position, pattern draft, foundry goods sign size and location and dead head size and location.The whole upper and lower mould two parts that adopt of mould structure, it is stepped that die joint becomes, draw total shrinkage 2.4% (contain that wax-pattern shrinks, the contraction of shell and the contraction of molten steel etc.) through engineer testing repeatedly, it is loose plug formula structure that the foundry goods sign is arranged on lateral location, the dead head size is being considered feeding and collection slag, also be convenient on the basis of this casting forming, being arranged on the big plane is double teeming road form, also is convenient to machined and removes.See Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, taked four technical measures during the casted die mould design, 1. respectively design a technology lacing wire at the two ends, groove position of sliding bed platen, geometric accuracy is guaranteed in the closing in distortion of groove position during with solution wax pattern groove position and pouring cast part; 2. set up the technology lacing wire at the open-ended position of sliding bed platen, open-ended position wax pattern is shunk and pouring cast part opens distortion to solve, and guarantees geometric accuracy; 3. increase the machining allowance of 5~8mm at the back side, inner chamber spring bearing position of sliding bed platen, be difficult to casting because the bearing position is thin excessively, guarantee geometric accuracy and intensity to solve; 4. the shape of bed platen is slided in combination, the contraction of wax-pattern and steel-casting, and the total shrinkage of mould design is taken as 2.4%.5. big plane " recessed " font two heat energy-saving positions at sliding bed platen are provided with 2 oblate waist type rising heads, to strengthen the feeding to foundry goods, defectives such as the shrinkage porosite of elimination foundry goods inside, shrinkage cavity.
2, molding: by product type specification assembling casted die mould, it is No. 91 (middle temperature mould material) slack waxs (75 ℃ of temperature) that pressure injection is gone into cerul mould material, injection pressure 0.55MPa, and pressurize 3 minutes, casted die mould is placed and is cooled off in the entry after 45 minutes, takes out wax-pattern and places cooling (20 ℃ of water temperatures) in the entry.Cold wax-pattern is after repairing type, and again and water excellent assembly welding (between weld seam the rosin joint gap must not be arranged), the intact wax-pattern group number of assembly welding puts into cleaning fluid and clear water cleans 3 times (removing greasy dirt), and the back hangs air-dry.
3, system shell: process for making shell adopts conventional sodium silicate binder full form casting process.1. the configuration of coating: adopt the waterglass bonding to hang the technology that is coated with the ammonium chloride sclerosis, investment precoat: waterglass and 300 order silica flours mix system, flow cup viscosity 13~15 seconds, modulus of water glass M=3.25~3.4, density p=1.26~1.27g/cm2.Reinforced layered slurry: the shop powder mixes system, flow cup viscosity 26~30 seconds, modulus of water glass M=3.25~3.4, density p=1.32~1.34g/cm2 on waterglass and 270 orders.2. the dip-coating of shell: hang and to be coated with first and second aspect layer with the formula stucco that drenches with rain of 40/70 order quartz sand, extension be coated with the 3rd layer to the layer 7 back-up coat with 16/30 order, 10/20 order quartz sand boiling type stucco, time of immersion was for 25 seconds, put into the sclerosis pond after every layer of extension is coated with and carry out cure process, the ammonium chloride mass concentration of hardening bath needs to dry air dry in 30 minutes 28% in air after every layer of sclerosis.Before the layer 6 extension is coated with, need to reinforce iron wire, in addition to increase the cast intensity of shell at shell rising head position.3. shell dewaxing: shell is put into and is contained 3~5% ammonium chloride, and the pond temperature is that 98 ℃ dewaxing pool inner water boils, the poach time is 50 minutes, after treating that slack wax shells fully, taking out the hot water that shell puts into 90 ℃ of temperature and contain 0.5% hydrochloric acid washes, wash after 3 minutes, take out surplus water in the turned letter shell, air dry is 10 hours in the placement air.
4, the roasting of shell: dry shell is put into the shell roaster in an orderly manner, determines the roasting standard, takes the low continuous roasting mode of high temperature, 550 ℃ of roastings earlier 60 minutes, and 880 ℃ of roastings are 240 minutes again, the directly cast of coming out of the stove.
5, the smelting of molten steel and cast: smelting equipment is a 500kg intermediate frequency coreless induction furnace, requirement according to sliding bed platen material ZG250-450, proportioning foundry returns, steel scrap, ferroalloy etc. are gone into the stove smelting in proportion, and in time adjust the molten steel in the stove chemical composition according to the chemical composition analysis result of sample in the stove, till qualified.Before the cast, it is firm that the shell that goes out roaster need add sand, with exhaust one by one sand grains foreign material in the shell of air intake duct.The shell temperature must not be lower than 200 ℃ during cast, and the molten steel temperature of coming out of the stove is 1600 ℃, takes quick method for continuous casting, should be controlled at the duration of pouring in 30 seconds, earlier with rill cast, increment gradually, when molten steel rises to dead head, slow down poring rate, molten steel reaches till the height of regulation in the dead head.For guaranteeing effective feeding of rising head, adopt rice husk slag riser heating and insulating coverture during cast, rising head solidifies the rear surface and is point " U " type shape, to reach effective feeding of foundry goods, reaches the control to quality problems such as the shrinkage cavity of sliding bed platen steel-casting, shrinkage porosites
6, shelling and cleaning: use chipping instrument cleaning cast(ing) surface shell, sand grains and oxide skin, adopt fusion cutting method excision foundry goods pouring and riser systems, and reserve 3 millimeters rising head surplus.
7, polishing gas cutting cast gate surplus and soldering finishing.
8, heat treatment: adopt normalizing to add tempering process, pack into behind the sliding bed platen foundry goods dress basket in the heat-treatment furnace, and heat-treat according to the heat-treatment of annealing technological specification, each heat Ying Suilu six roots of sensation heat treatment machinery service check test specimen of packing into, the mechanical performance test test specimen should be placed on and the thermocouple same position.
9, impeller blasting: remove surface scale and residual sand.
10, machined: according to the drawing content, determine the process for machining scheme, the process allowances such as casting amount of dead head, technology stifled muscle, technology lacing wire and interpolation are removed in processing.
Particular manufacturing craft of the present invention as shown in the figure, the whole employing of mould structure is made of patrix 3 and counterdie 4 two parts, and die joint loose piece 9 is stepped between the two, it is loose plug formula structure that foundry goods sign block loose piece 7 is arranged on counterdie 4 lateral location; Be connected fasteningly between patrix 3 and the counterdie 4 by the upper and lower mould alignment pin 6 in the middle of being positioned at and two fastening bolts 8 that are positioned at diagonal position with wing nut 2, be provided with the loose piece fastening screw 1 that loose piece 9 is located at patrix 3 and counterdie 4 correspondence positions.

Claims (5)

1. high speed passenger dedicated railway track switch slides bed platen precision investment casting technology with series, it is characterized in that implementing according to following steps:
(1), the design of wax-pattern casted die mould and making: according to the shape of sliding bed platen, designing mould, and consider die joint position, the shrinkage factor of steel-casting, movable pellet position, pattern draft, foundry goods sign size and location and dead head size and location are set; The whole upper and lower mould two parts that adopt of mould structure, it is stepped that die joint becomes, and total shrinkage is controlled at 2.4%;
(2), molding: by product type specification assembling casted die mould, pressure injection is gone into cerul mould material and pressurize, and after casted die mould was placed and cooled off in the entry, the taking-up wax-pattern was placed in the entry and cooled off; Cold wax-pattern after repairing type, again with water excellent assembly welding, the intact wax-pattern group of assembly welding is put into cleaning fluid and clear water and is cleaned the back and hang air-dry;
(3), system shell: process for making shell adopts the sodium silicate binder full form casting process;
(4), the roasting of shell: dry shell is put into the shell roaster in an orderly manner, determines the roasting standard, takes the low continuous roasting mode of high temperature, 550 ℃ of roastings earlier 60 minutes, 880 ℃ of roastings are 240 minutes again, the directly cast of coming out of the stove;
(5), the smelting of molten steel and cast: smelting equipment is a 500kg intermediate frequency coreless induction furnace, requirement according to sliding bed platen material ZG250-450, proportioning foundry returns, steel scrap, ferroalloy are gone into the stove smelting in proportion, and in time adjust the molten steel in the stove chemical composition according to the chemical composition analysis result of sample in the stove, till qualified;
(6), shelling and cleaning: use chipping instrument cleaning cast(ing) surface shell, sand grains and oxide skin, adopt fusion cutting method excision foundry goods pouring and riser systems, and reserve 3 millimeters rising head surplus.
(7), polishing gas cutting cast gate surplus and soldering finishing;
(8), heat treatment: adopt normalizing to add tempering process, pack into behind the sliding bed platen foundry goods dress basket in the heat-treatment furnace, and heat-treat according to the heat-treatment of annealing technological specification, each heat Ying Suilu six roots of sensation heat treatment machinery service check test specimen of packing into, the mechanical performance test test specimen should be placed on and the thermocouple same position;
(9), impeller blasting: remove surface scale and residual sand;
(10), machined: the process allowances such as casting amount of dead head, technology stifled muscle, technology lacing wire and interpolation are removed in processing.
2. high speed passenger dedicated railway track switch according to claim 1 slides bed platen precision investment casting technology with series, four technical measures have been taked when it is characterized in that the casted die mould design: 1. respectively design a technology lacing wire at the two ends, groove position of sliding bed platen, during with solution wax pattern groove position and pouring cast part close up and be out of shape in the groove position, guarantees geometric accuracy; 2. set up the technology lacing wire at the open-ended position of sliding bed platen, open-ended position wax pattern is shunk and pouring cast part opens distortion to solve, and guarantees geometric accuracy; 3. increase the machining allowance of 5~8mm at the back side, inner chamber spring bearing position of sliding bed platen, be difficult to casting because the bearing position is thin excessively, guarantee geometric accuracy and intensity to solve; 4. the shape of bed platen is slided in combination, the contraction of wax-pattern and steel-casting, and the total shrinkage of mould design is taken as 2.4%; 5. big plane " recessed " font two heat energy-saving positions at sliding bed platen are provided with 2 oblate waist type rising heads, to strengthen the feeding to foundry goods, defectives such as the shrinkage porosite of elimination foundry goods inside, shrinkage cavity.
3. high speed passenger dedicated railway track switch according to claim 1 slides bed platen precision investment casting technology with series, the sodium silicate binder full form casting process that it is characterized in that the process for making shell employing is implemented according to following steps: the 1. configuration of coating: adopt the waterglass bonding to hang the technology that is coated with the ammonium chloride sclerosis, investment precoat: waterglass and 300 order silica flours mix system, flow cup viscosity 13~15 seconds, modulus of water glass M=3.25~3.4, density p=1.26~1.27g/cm2.Reinforced layered slurry: the shop powder mixes system, flow cup viscosity 26~30 seconds, modulus of water glass M=3.25~3.4, density p=1.32~1.34g/cm2 on waterglass and 270 orders; 2. the dip-coating of shell: hang and to be coated with first and second aspect layer with the formula stucco that drenches with rain of 40/70 order quartz sand, extension be coated with the 3rd layer to the layer 7 back-up coat with 16/30 order, 10/20 order quartz sand boiling type stucco, time of immersion was for 25 seconds, put into the sclerosis pond after every layer of extension is coated with and carry out cure process, the ammonium chloride mass concentration of hardening bath needs to dry air dry in 30 minutes 28% in air after every layer of sclerosis.Before the layer 6 extension is coated with, need to reinforce iron wire, in addition to increase the cast intensity of shell at shell rising head position; 3. shell dewaxing: shell is put into and is contained 3~5% ammonium chloride, and the pond temperature is that 98 ℃ dewaxing pool inner water boils, the poach time is 50 minutes, after treating that slack wax shells fully, taking out the hot water that shell puts into 90 ℃ of temperature and contain 0.5% hydrochloric acid washes, wash after 3 minutes, take out surplus water in the turned letter shell, air dry is 10 hours in the placement air.
4. high speed passenger dedicated railway track switch according to claim 1 slides bed platen precision investment casting technology with series, the smelting and the cast step that it is characterized in that molten steel also comprise: before the cast, it is firm that the shell that goes out roaster need add sand, with exhaust one by one sand grains foreign material in the shell of air intake duct; The shell temperature must not be lower than 200 ℃ during cast, and the molten steel temperature of coming out of the stove is 1600 ℃, takes quick method for continuous casting, should be controlled at the duration of pouring in 30 seconds, earlier with rill cast, increment gradually, when molten steel rises to dead head, slow down poring rate, molten steel reaches till the height of regulation in the dead head.For guaranteeing effective feeding of rising head, adopt rice husk slag riser heating and insulating coverture during cast, rising head solidifies the rear surface and is point " U " type shape, to reach effective feeding of foundry goods, reaches the control to the shrinkage cavity of sliding bed platen steel-casting, shrinkage porosite quality problems.
5. high speed passenger dedicated railway track switch slides bed platen precision investment casting particular manufacturing craft with series, it is characterized in that whole the employing by patrix (3) and counterdie (4) two parts of mould structure constitutes, and die joint loose piece (9) is stepped between the two, and it is loose plug formula structure that foundry goods sign block loose piece (7) is arranged on counterdie (4) lateral location; Be connected fasteningly between patrix (3) and the counterdie (4) by the last mo(u)ld bottom half alignment pin (6) in the middle of being positioned at two fastening bolts (8) and wing nut (2), be provided with the loose piece fastening screw (1) that loose piece (9) is located at patrix (3) and counterdie (4) correspondence position.
CN 201110191513 2011-07-11 2011-07-11 Precision fire mould casting process of series sliding bed bedplates for turnouts of high-speed railway lines for passenger transport and special die Expired - Fee Related CN102228956B (en)

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