CN112860376A - Snapshot chain making method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Snapshot chain making method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1415—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying at system level
- G06F11/1438—Restarting or rejuvenating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
- G06F8/60—Software deployment
- G06F8/61—Installation
- G06F8/63—Image based installation; Cloning; Build to order
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
- G06F2009/45562—Creating, deleting, cloning virtual machine instances
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
- G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
- G06F9/44—Arrangements for executing specific programs
- G06F9/455—Emulation; Interpretation; Software simulation, e.g. virtualisation or emulation of application or operating system execution engines
- G06F9/45533—Hypervisors; Virtual machine monitors
- G06F9/45558—Hypervisor-specific management and integration aspects
- G06F2009/45587—Isolation or security of virtual machine instances
Abstract
The disclosure discloses a snapshot chain making method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and relates to a virtual machine technology. The specific scheme is as follows: receiving a current instruction for making a virtual machine snapshot; in response to the instruction, saving incremental data of a current system disk of the virtual machine at the current moment to a storage service component; and the incremental data is taken as an incremental snapshot to be stored; obtaining a snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current moment based on the snapshot chain and the incremental snapshot corresponding to the storage service component at the previous moment; if the number of the incremental snapshots at the current time is less than the preset value, the operation is repeatedly executed until the number of the incremental snapshots at the current time is equal to the preset value. The embodiment can greatly weaken the strong dependence relationship between the snapshots in the snapshot chain, thereby greatly improving the integrity and the correctness of the snapshot chain and reducing various overtime and error problems frequently caused by overlong links.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of computer technologies, and further relates to a virtual machine technology, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for making a snapshot chain, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
In the prior art, the operation flow for making the snapshot chain is as follows: downloading each snapshot data on a snapshot chain stored on a storage service component (Bos) to the local, and then establishing the snapshot chain through qemu-img base operation; the operation flow of the snapshot rollback is as follows: and performing qemu-img commit operation on snapshot data on a snapshot chain in a reverse order, submitting and compressing the data into disk data new-disk, making a new virtual machine image by performing qemu-img convert operation on the new-disk, and starting a virtual machine on the basis of the new-disk, so that the snapshot rollback operation can be realized. When the two operations are realized, all data on the snapshot chain need to be downloaded to the local of the physical machine, and when the data is excessive, the disk of the physical machine is full; when the snapshot chain is too long, it is time consuming because there are too many data blocks to download. Moreover, if a snapshot is missed during the snapshot making process, the integrity of the whole snapshot chain is destroyed, and even if time is consumed, the disk data cannot be correctly restored, namely, the disk data cannot be restored to the moment of snapshot making.
The existing snapshot chain business design is adopted, so that snapshots on a snapshot chain have strong dependence with each other, and when the snapshot chain is too long, the integrity and the correctness of the snapshots cannot be guaranteed; when the operation of creating the mirror image or rolling back the snapshot is performed through the snapshot, the phenomenon that the operation flow takes too long time can occur, and the risk that the operation flow is not always successful exists finally; since the security of the vm data of the local system disk is mainly relied on by creating a snapshot for backup, if the snapshot chain is incomplete, the data in the vm system disk may be lost when a physical machine fails.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a snapshot chain making method and device, an electronic device and a storage medium, which can greatly weaken the strong dependence relationship between snapshots in a snapshot chain, thereby greatly improving the integrity and correctness of the snapshot chain and reducing various overtime and error problems frequently caused by overlong links.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for making a snapshot chain, the method including:
receiving a current instruction for making a virtual machine snapshot;
responding to the current instruction for making the virtual machine snapshot, and saving incremental data of a current system disk of the virtual machine at the current moment to a storage service component; and the incremental data of the current system disk at the current moment is taken as an incremental snapshot to be stored;
obtaining a snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current moment based on a prestored corresponding snapshot chain of the storage service component at the previous moment and the incremental snapshot; if the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is less than a preset value, the above operations are repeatedly executed until the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is equal to the preset value.
According to a second aspect of the present application, there is provided an apparatus for making a snapshot chain, the apparatus including: the device comprises a receiving module, a storage module and a manufacturing module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the receiving module is used for receiving a current instruction for making a virtual machine snapshot;
the saving module is used for responding to the current instruction for making the virtual machine snapshot and saving incremental data of the current system disk of the virtual machine at the current moment to the storage service component; and the incremental data of the current system disk at the current moment is taken as an incremental snapshot to be stored;
the making module is used for obtaining a snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current moment based on a prestored snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the previous moment and the incremental snapshot; if the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is less than a preset value, the above operations are repeatedly executed until the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is equal to the preset value.
According to a third aspect of the present application, there is provided an electronic device comprising:
one or more processors;
a memory for storing one or more programs,
when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the one or more processors implement the method for making the snapshot chain according to any embodiment of the present application.
According to a fourth aspect of the present application, there is provided a storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of making a snapshot chain as described in any of the embodiments of the present application.
According to a fifth aspect of the present application, there is provided a computer program product which, when executed by a computer device, implements the method of making a snapshot chain according to any of the embodiments of the present application.
According to the technology of the application, the problem that snapshots on a snapshot chain have strong dependence on each other due to the existing snapshot chain service design is solved, and when the snapshot chain is too long, the integrity and the correctness of the snapshots cannot be guaranteed; when the snapshot is used for creating the mirror image or rolling back the snapshot, the phenomenon that the operation process takes too long time and the operation process is not always successful finally occurs.
It should be understood that the statements in this section do not necessarily identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the present disclosure, nor do they limit the scope of the present disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
The drawings are included to provide a better understanding of the present solution and are not intended to limit the present application. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a first flowchart of a method for making a snapshot chain according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a second flowchart of a snapshot chain making method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a disk component on a virtual machine physical machine according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a snapshot chain making apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of an electronic device for implementing a method for making a snapshot chain according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which various details of the embodiments of the disclosure are included to assist understanding, and which are to be considered as merely exemplary. Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted in the following description for clarity and conciseness.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a first flowchart of a snapshot chain making method provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the method may be executed by a snapshot chain making apparatus or an electronic device, where the apparatus or the electronic device may be implemented by software and/or hardware, and the apparatus or the electronic device may be integrated in any intelligent device with a network communication function. As shown in fig. 1, the method for making the snapshot chain may include the following steps:
s101, receiving a current instruction for making a virtual machine snapshot.
In this step, the electronic device may receive a current instruction to make a snapshot of the virtual machine. A disk snapshot is a copy of a virtual machine disk file at some point in time. At present, snapshot files of the online running virtual machines are usually made at regular time, so that when the online running virtual machines are abnormal, users can make virtual machine restore points based on the snapshot files to restore the virtual machines to the state at the snapshot time. At present, the method for making the virtual machine online snapshot is as follows: under the condition that the running of the virtual machine is not influenced, the running state data in the online running virtual machine cache is obtained and written into the snapshot file of the disk, so that the snapshot file is made. In the actual operation process, the operation state data of the virtual machine is written into the disk at a certain speed, and because the virtual machine is always in the operation state in the process of writing data into the disk, when new operation state data is written into the disk, the operation state data written into the disk in the cache may change, and if the operation state data written into the disk in the cache changes, the changed operation state data is written into the snapshot file of the disk again to ensure that the made snapshot file is consistent with the operation state data in the cache.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, a system administrator first establishes a virtual machine in a server and starts the virtual machine. After the virtual machine is started, a system administrator can send out an instruction for making a snapshot of the virtual machine through operation, so that the virtual machine in a running state executes to create a snapshot file. Or, the user can pre-configure the snapshot making period of the virtual machine, and when the snapshot making period is reached, the instruction for making the virtual machine snapshot is automatically triggered, so that the virtual machine makes a snapshot file; for example, when the snapshot making period configured by the user is 10 minutes, the virtual machine is triggered to make a snapshot file every 10 minutes.
S102, responding to a current instruction for making a virtual machine snapshot, and storing incremental data of a current system disk of the virtual machine at the current moment into a storage service component; and the incremental data of the current system disk at the current moment is taken as an incremental snapshot to be stored.
In this step, the electronic device may, in response to a current instruction to make a snapshot of the virtual machine, store incremental data of a current system disk of the virtual machine at a current time in the storage service component; and the incremental data of the current system disk at the current moment is taken as an incremental snapshot to be stored. Specifically, the electronic device may save incremental data of a current system disk of the virtual machine at the current time to the storage service component through the company. The company is a module in the Openstack project, which is responsible for image management, and functions of the company include searching, registering, retrieving and the like of virtual machine images. The Restful API provided by the company can query metadata of the virtual machine image and acquire the image; furthermore, Glance may also save images to a variety of back-end stores, such as a simple file store or object store.
S103, obtaining a corresponding snapshot chain of the storage service assembly at the current moment based on the pre-saved virtual machine disk data and incremental data of the storage service assembly at the previous moment; if the number of the increment snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is less than the preset value, the operations are repeatedly executed until the number of the increment snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is equal to the preset value.
In this step, the electronic device may obtain, based on the virtual machine disk data and the incremental data of the storage service component stored in advance at the previous time, a snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current time; if the number of the increment snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is less than the preset value, the operations are repeatedly executed until the number of the increment snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is equal to the preset value. Further, if the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current time is equal to a predetermined value, the electronic device may obtain the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current time based on the virtual machine disk data and the incremental data of the storage service component at the previous time, which are pre-saved; taking the disk data of the virtual machine of the storage service component at the current moment as a full snapshot for storage; then, a new system disk is created based on the disk data of the virtual machine of the storage service assembly at the current moment; and the new system disk is taken as the current system disk. Specifically, the electronic device may submit the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current time to a compact disk corresponding to the previous time; then compressing and combining the virtual machine disk data of the storage service assembly at the current moment through a corresponding compression disk at the previous moment to obtain a compression and combination result of the virtual machine disk data of the storage service assembly at the current moment; and then, based on the compression and combination result of the disk data of the virtual machine of the storage service component at the current moment, a new system disk is created.
The method for making the snapshot chain provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the steps of firstly receiving a current instruction for making a virtual machine snapshot; then responding to a current instruction for making a virtual machine snapshot, and storing incremental data of a current system disk of the virtual machine at the current moment into a storage service component; and the incremental data of the current system disk at the current moment is taken as an incremental snapshot to be stored; then, based on the virtual machine disk data and the incremental data of the pre-stored storage service assembly at the previous moment, obtaining a corresponding snapshot chain of the storage service assembly at the current moment; if the number of the increment snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is less than the preset value, the operations are repeatedly executed until the number of the increment snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is equal to the preset value. That is, in the snapshot chain with strong dependency, the full amount of snapshots are typed in at specified intervals to weaken the association; that is, in the original all-incremental snapshot chain, the full-volume snapshot is created at the position with the specified length, so that the subsequent specified number of snapshots of the full-volume snapshot are all based on the incremental snapshot. Only the snapshots between the two full snapshots have strong dependency, so that the range of the strong dependency can be greatly reduced, the range of the increase of the associated snapshots is limited only in a fixed interval, and the shortening of a snapshot chain can be realized. In the existing method for making the snapshot chain, snapshots on the snapshot chain have strong dependency, and when the snapshot chain is too long, the integrity and correctness of the snapshots cannot be guaranteed. Because the technical means of reducing the strong dependence range and limiting the increase range of the associated snapshot only in a fixed interval is adopted, the method overcomes the defect that the existing snapshot chain business design causes the snapshots on the snapshot chain to have strong dependence, and when the snapshot chain is too long, the integrity and the correctness of the snapshots cannot be ensured; when the mirror image is created or the snapshot is rolled back through the snapshot, the phenomenon that the operation process takes too long time and the technical problem that the operation process is not always successful at last can occur; moreover, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application is simple and convenient to implement, convenient to popularize and wide in application range.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a second flowchart of a snapshot chain making method according to an embodiment of the present application. Further optimization and expansion are performed based on the technical scheme, and the method can be combined with the various optional embodiments. As shown in fig. 2, the method for making the snapshot chain may include the following steps:
s201, receiving a current instruction for making a virtual machine snapshot.
S202, responding to a current instruction for making a virtual machine snapshot, and storing incremental data of a current system disk of the virtual machine at the current moment into a storage service component; and the incremental data of the current system disk at the current moment is taken as an incremental snapshot to be stored.
S203, obtaining a snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current moment based on the corresponding snapshot chain and the incremental snapshot of the pre-saved storage service component at the previous moment; if the number of the increment snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is less than the preset value, the operations are repeatedly executed until the number of the increment snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is equal to the preset value.
S204, if the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service assembly at the current moment is equal to a preset numerical value, obtaining virtual machine disk data of the storage service assembly at the current moment based on pre-stored virtual machine disk data and incremental data of the storage service assembly at the previous moment; and saving the disk data of the virtual machine of the storage service component at the current moment as a full snapshot.
In this step, if the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current time is equal to a predetermined value, the electronic device may obtain the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current time based on the virtual machine disk data and the incremental data of the storage service component at the previous time, which are pre-stored; and saving the disk data of the virtual machine of the storage service component at the current moment as a full snapshot. Specifically, the electronic device may submit the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current time to a compact disk corresponding to the previous time; then compressing and combining the virtual machine disk data of the storage service assembly at the current moment through a corresponding compression disk at the previous moment to obtain a compression and combination result of the virtual machine disk data of the storage service assembly at the current moment; and then, based on the compression and combination result of the disk data of the virtual machine of the storage service component at the current moment, a new system disk is created.
S205, creating a new system disk based on the disk data of the virtual machine of the storage service assembly at the current moment; and the new system disk is taken as the current system disk.
In this step, the electronic device may create a new system disk based on the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current time; and the new system disk is taken as the current system disk. Specifically, assume that the interval between two adjacent full volume snapshots is M; m is a natural number greater than or equal to 1; when the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current time is equal to M, the electronic device may obtain virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current time based on the virtual machine disk data at the mth time and the incremental data at the M +1 th time (i.e., the current time); taking the disk data of the virtual machine of the storage service component at the current moment as a full snapshot for storage; then, a new system disk is created based on the disk data of the virtual machine of the storage service assembly at the current moment; and the new system disk is taken as the current system disk.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a disk composition on a virtual machine physical machine according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 3, the disk composition on the virtual machine physical machine includes: system Disk (Disk), compact Disk (Commit-Disk), and Base Disk image (Base image). In the current snapshot making process, after all local write IO operations are submitted to a Commit-disk, the Commit-disk is uploaded to Bos storage. The original incremental snapshots are all data in Disk uploaded each time, commit compression is performed locally to form commit-Disk disks, and there may be a plurality of disks, because after an exception occurs in the snapshot creating process, a write operation is not submitted to one Disk, and the write operation needs to be submitted together when the snapshot is created next time.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, the relationship information of the snapshot chain may be recorded in a snapnotes table of the nova-master database, wherein some image _ ids may be recorded in a globe, and at the same time, an actual data address stored in the storage service component Bos may also be recorded. The virtual machine actual disk on the physical machine consists of the following three parts: (1) base-image, i.e. the basic disk image of the virtual machine; the format is qcow2, which contains the original operating system and all programs of the virtual machine; (2) and after the Disk is established, each Disk read-write operation is stored in the Disk manufactured based on the Base-image. The virtual machine snapshot is Disk data at a certain specified time point, and the virtual machine snapshot can be made by using a Copy-On-Write characteristic of a qcow2 format mirror image (namely when an object is operated together, the object is copied to a space of the object only in a Write operation), wherein the Copy-On-Write characteristic determines that each snapshot in a snapshot chain is incremental and has a characteristic of being dependent On each other; (3) when the virtual machine takes a snapshot, the data on the Disk is uploaded to the Glance and then stored in the Bos as an incremental snapshot. According to the method and the device, the Disk data of the virtual machine after the snapshot is completed can be submitted to a Commit-Disk through qemu-img Commit operation, the Disk is the record of all IO write operations from creation to snapshot making of the virtual machine, and is also the actual full data of the full snapshot.
In summary, the Disk data of the virtual machine on the physical machine is subjected to a qemu-img commit operation each time a snapshot is taken, that is, after incremental data is uploaded to Bos through global, the incremental data is submitted to a local Disk to be compressed and merged, a blank Disk in a qcow2 format is created on the basis of the merged Disk through a qemu-img create operation, the Disk is recorded by the subsequent writing operation of the virtual machine on the Disk from this moment, and the Disk is the actual data content of the next snapshot. In the whole process, the actual data block on the physical machine related to the virtual machine has three parts: base-image with initial operating system; the method comprises the steps of including current snapshot and all previous snapshot data Commit-Disk data; and recording a new Disk of the virtual machine Disk write operation after the snapshot is made. The Base-image in the three parts of data is fixed and invariable; disk is the latest recorded data, Commit-Disk can be submitted when taking a snapshot every time, and even if the snapshot is failed at this time, the Commit-Disk can be submitted together when taking a snapshot next time; the part of data is absolutely not lost, which contains all write operation data from creation to the latest snapshot of the virtual machine, and after qemu-img commit operation, all the operations are compressed, and the maximum capacity of the compressed data is the size of the virtual machine system disk and is also key data for restoring the virtual machine. Therefore, the method and the device can adjust the record data of the snapshot chain by means of the relationship between the physical machine where the virtual machine is located and the local disk, so as to achieve the purpose of shortening the snapshot chain; that is, when the snapshot is made after the specified interval, the local Commit-Disk data is uploaded to Bos, and the compressed full snapshot is provided, the Base of the subsequent snapshot is converted into the full snapshot, and has no association relation with all snapshots before the full snapshot.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, when performing snapshot rollback based on a full snapshot, the electronic device may first obtain a snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current time; then judging whether the rollback file of the current system disk is matched with the identity of the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current moment; if the rollback file of the current system disk matches the identity of the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current time, the electronic device may create a new system disk based on the rollback file of the current system disk, and use the new system disk as the current system disk.
Further, if the rollback file of the current system disk does not match the identifier of the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current time, the electronic device may download the mirror image data in the snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current time to the local; and then, based on the mirror image data in the snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component downloaded to the local at the current moment, creating a new system disk, and taking the new system disk as the current system disk. That is to say, when the snapshot is rolled back, only a plurality of related snapshots from the snapshot to the full number of snapshots need to be downloaded, so that the time for downloading the whole link is saved, and the integrity and correctness range of the snapshot link data is narrowed to a plurality of snapshot ranges.
In a specific embodiment of the present application, when a snapshot is deleted based on a full snapshot, the electronic device may first obtain a snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current time; then, extracting a snapshot from a snapshot chain of the storage service assembly at the current moment according to the sequence from bottom to top as the current snapshot; if the current snapshot is a full snapshot, the electronic device can execute an operation of deleting the current snapshot and snapshots below the current snapshot; if the current snapshot is the incremental snapshot, the electronic device may perform an operation of performing false deletion on the current snapshot and snapshots below the current snapshot. That is, after introducing the full snapshot of the interval, the deletion process can be adjusted as follows: all snapshots preceding the full snapshot, whether incremental or full, can be released at once as long as they are deleted by the user, without worrying about whether the operation of deleting the data Commit onto the previous snapshot is performed correctly in order to guarantee the integrity of the snapshot chain.
The technical scheme provided by the application can at least bring the following beneficial effects: firstly, the strong dependence between snapshots on a snapshot chain is greatly weakened, the integrity and the correctness of the snapshot chain are reduced to the integrity and the correctness of the maximum n snapshots, and the longer the snapshot chain is, the better the advantage of the scheme can be embodied; and secondly, the virtual machine operation time for creating the mirror image and rolling back the snapshot through the snapshot is greatly shortened, the time consumption depends on the length of the chain, the longer the chain is, the shorter the time consumption of the modified scheme is, and the more obvious the effect is. Thirdly, the snapshot data originally stored on Bos is really released after a user initiates a snapshot deleting request, so that the storage space of the snapshot on Bos is reduced, and the effect is more obvious when the chain is longer; fourthly, when the physical machine where the virtual machine is located fails, the system disk data of the virtual machine can be quickly recovered through the shortened snapshot chain, and the data are guaranteed not to be lost; and fifthly, the recoverability of the data of the Pass database service deployed on the local system disk virtual machine is guaranteed.
The method for making the snapshot chain provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the steps of firstly receiving a current instruction for making a virtual machine snapshot; then responding to a current instruction for making a virtual machine snapshot, and storing incremental data of a current system disk of the virtual machine at the current moment into a storage service component; and the incremental data of the current system disk at the current moment is taken as an incremental snapshot to be stored; then, based on the virtual machine disk data and the incremental data of the pre-stored storage service assembly at the previous moment, obtaining a corresponding snapshot chain of the storage service assembly at the current moment; if the number of the increment snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is less than the preset value, the operations are repeatedly executed until the number of the increment snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is equal to the preset value. That is, in the snapshot chain with strong dependency, the full amount of snapshots are typed in at specified intervals to weaken the association; that is, in the original all-incremental snapshot chain, the full-volume snapshot is created at the position with the specified length, so that the subsequent specified number of snapshots of the full-volume snapshot are all based on the incremental snapshot. Only the snapshots between the two full snapshots have strong dependency, so that the range of the strong dependency can be greatly reduced, the range of the increase of the associated snapshots is limited only in a fixed interval, and the shortening of a snapshot chain can be realized. In the existing method for making the snapshot chain, snapshots on the snapshot chain have strong dependency, and when the snapshot chain is too long, the integrity and correctness of the snapshots cannot be guaranteed. Because the technical means of reducing the strong dependence range and limiting the increase range of the associated snapshot only in a fixed interval is adopted, the method overcomes the defect that the existing snapshot chain business design causes the snapshots on the snapshot chain to have strong dependence, and when the snapshot chain is too long, the integrity and the correctness of the snapshots cannot be ensured; when the mirror image is created or the snapshot is rolled back through the snapshot, the phenomenon that the operation process takes too long time and the technical problem that the operation process is not always successful at last can occur; moreover, the technical scheme of the embodiment of the application is simple and convenient to implement, convenient to popularize and wide in application range.
EXAMPLE III
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a snapshot chain creation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 4, the apparatus 400 includes: a receiving module 401, a saving module 402 and a making module 403; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the receiving module 401 is configured to receive a current instruction for making a snapshot of a virtual machine;
the saving module 402 is configured to, in response to the current instruction for making a snapshot of the virtual machine, save incremental data of a current system disk of the virtual machine at a current time to the storage service component; and the incremental data of the current system disk at the current moment is taken as an incremental snapshot to be stored;
the making module 403 is configured to obtain a snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current time based on a pre-saved snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the previous time and the incremental snapshot; if the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is less than a preset value, the above operations are repeatedly executed until the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is equal to the preset value.
Further, the making module 403 is further configured to, if the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current time is equal to the predetermined value, obtain virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current time based on pre-stored virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the previous time and the incremental data; taking the disk data of the virtual machine of the storage service component at the current moment as a full snapshot for storage; creating a new system disk based on the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current moment; and using the new system disk as the current system disk.
Further, the making module 403 is specifically configured to submit the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current time to a compact disk corresponding to the previous time; compressing and combining the virtual machine disk data of the storage service assembly at the current moment through the corresponding compression disk at the previous moment to obtain a compression and combination result of the virtual machine disk data of the storage service assembly at the current moment; and creating the new system disk based on the compression and combination result of the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current moment.
Further, the apparatus further comprises: a rollback module 404 (not shown in the figure) configured to, when snapshot rollback is performed based on the full snapshot, obtain a snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current time; judging whether the rollback file of the current system disk is matched with the identifier of the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current moment; and if the rollback file of the current system disk is matched with the identifier of the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current moment, creating a new system disk based on the rollback file of the current system disk, and taking the new system disk as the current system disk.
Further, the rollback module 404 is further configured to download, to the local, the mirror image data in the snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current time if the rollback file of the current system disk does not match the identifier of the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current time; and creating a new system disk based on the mirror image data in the snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component downloaded to the local at the current moment, and taking the new system disk as the current system disk.
Further, the apparatus further comprises: a deleting module 405 (not shown in the figure) configured to, when a snapshot is deleted based on the full snapshot, obtain a snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current time; extracting a snapshot from the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current moment in the sequence from bottom to top as a current snapshot; if the current snapshot is the full snapshot, executing an operation of performing true deletion on the current snapshot and snapshots below the current snapshot; and if the current snapshot is the incremental snapshot, performing false deletion operation on the current snapshot and snapshots below the current snapshot.
The device for making the snapshot chain can execute the method provided by any embodiment of the application, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the execution method. For details of the technology not described in detail in this embodiment, reference may be made to a method for making a snapshot chain provided in any embodiment of the present application.
Example four
The present disclosure also provides an electronic device, a readable storage medium, and a computer program product according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 5 illustrates a schematic block diagram of an example electronic device 500 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present disclosure. Electronic devices are intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processing, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be examples only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the disclosure described and/or claimed herein.
As shown in fig. 5, the apparatus 500 comprises a computing unit 501 which may perform various appropriate actions and processes in accordance with a computer program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM)502 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 508 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 503. In the RAM 503, various programs and data required for the operation of the device 500 can also be stored. The calculation unit 501, the ROM 502, and the RAM 503 are connected to each other by a bus 504. An input/output (I/O) interface 505 is also connected to bus 504.
A number of components in the device 500 are connected to the I/O interface 505, including: an input unit 506 such as a keyboard, a mouse, or the like; an output unit 507 such as various types of displays, speakers, and the like; a storage unit 508, such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, or the like; and a communication unit 509 such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 509 allows the device 500 to exchange information/data with other devices through a computer network such as the internet and/or various telecommunication networks.
The computing unit 501 may be a variety of general-purpose and/or special-purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 501 include, but are not limited to, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), various dedicated Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, and so forth. The calculation unit 501 executes the respective methods and processes described above, such as the making method of the snapshot chain. For example, in some embodiments, the method of making the snapshot chain may be implemented as a computer software program tangibly embodied in a machine-readable medium, such as storage unit 508. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and/or installed onto the device 500 via the ROM 502 and/or the communication unit 509. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 503 and executed by the computing unit 501, one or more steps of the method of making a snapshot chain described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 501 may be configured to perform the method of making the snapshot chain in any other suitable manner (e.g., by means of firmware).
Various implementations of the systems and techniques described here above may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), system on a chip (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be special or general purpose, receiving data and instructions from, and transmitting data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.
Program code for implementing the methods of the present disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes may be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions/operations specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram to be performed. The program code may execute entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on the remote machine or server.
In the context of this disclosure, a machine-readable medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The machine-readable medium may be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on a computer having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to a user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which a user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices may also be used to provide for interaction with a user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.
The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back-end component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front-end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such back-end, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the internet.
The computer system may include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. The server can be a cloud server, also called a cloud computing server or a cloud host, and is a host product in a cloud computing service system, so that the defects of high management difficulty and weak service expansibility in the traditional physical host and VPS service are overcome.
It should be understood that various forms of the flows shown above may be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in the present disclosure may be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired results of the technical solutions disclosed in the present disclosure can be achieved, and the present disclosure is not limited herein.
The above detailed description should not be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosure. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions may be made in accordance with design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
Claims (15)
1. A method of making a snapshot chain, the method comprising:
receiving a current instruction for making a virtual machine snapshot;
responding to the current instruction for making the virtual machine snapshot, and saving incremental data of a current system disk of the virtual machine at the current moment to a storage service component; and the incremental data of the current system disk at the current moment is taken as an incremental snapshot to be stored;
obtaining a snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current moment based on a prestored corresponding snapshot chain of the storage service component at the previous moment and the incremental snapshot; if the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is less than a preset value, the above operations are repeatedly executed until the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is equal to the preset value.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
if the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is equal to the preset numerical value, obtaining virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current moment based on pre-saved virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the previous moment and the incremental data; taking the disk data of the virtual machine of the storage service component at the current moment as a full snapshot for storage;
creating a new system disk based on the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current moment; and using the new system disk as the current system disk.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein creating a new system disk based on the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current time comprises:
submitting the disk data of the virtual machine of the storage service component at the current moment to a compression disk corresponding to the previous moment;
compressing and combining the virtual machine disk data of the storage service assembly at the current moment through the corresponding compression disk at the previous moment to obtain a compression and combination result of the virtual machine disk data of the storage service assembly at the current moment;
and creating the new system disk based on the compression and combination result of the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current moment.
4. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
when snapshot rollback is carried out based on the full snapshot, a corresponding snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current moment is obtained;
judging whether the rollback file of the current system disk is matched with the identifier of the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current moment;
and if the rollback file of the current system disk is matched with the identifier of the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current moment, creating a new system disk based on the rollback file of the current system disk, and taking the new system disk as the current system disk.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising:
if the rollback file of the current system disk is not matched with the identity of the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current moment, downloading mirror image data in the snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current moment to the local;
and creating a new system disk based on the mirror image data in the snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component downloaded to the local at the current moment, and taking the new system disk as the current system disk.
6. The method of claim 2, further comprising:
when the snapshot is deleted based on the full snapshot, acquiring a snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current moment;
extracting a snapshot from the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current moment in the sequence from bottom to top as a current snapshot;
if the current snapshot is the full snapshot, executing an operation of performing true deletion on the current snapshot and snapshots below the current snapshot; and if the current snapshot is the incremental snapshot, performing false deletion operation on the current snapshot and snapshots below the current snapshot.
7. An apparatus for making a snapshot chain, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a receiving module, a storage module and a manufacturing module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the receiving module is used for receiving a current instruction for making a virtual machine snapshot;
the saving module is used for responding to the current instruction for making the virtual machine snapshot and saving incremental data of the current system disk of the virtual machine at the current moment to the storage service component; and the incremental data of the current system disk at the current moment is taken as an incremental snapshot to be stored;
the making module is used for obtaining a snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current moment based on a prestored snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the previous moment and the incremental snapshot; if the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is less than a preset value, the above operations are repeatedly executed until the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current moment is equal to the preset value.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the creating module is further configured to, if the number of the incremental snapshots of the storage service component at the current time is equal to the predetermined value, obtain virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current time based on pre-saved virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at a previous time and the incremental data; taking the disk data of the virtual machine of the storage service component at the current moment as a full snapshot for storage; creating a new system disk based on the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current moment; and using the new system disk as the current system disk.
9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the production module is specifically configured to submit the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current time to a compact disk corresponding to the previous time; compressing and combining the virtual machine disk data of the storage service assembly at the current moment through the corresponding compression disk at the previous moment to obtain a compression and combination result of the virtual machine disk data of the storage service assembly at the current moment; and creating the new system disk based on the compression and combination result of the virtual machine disk data of the storage service component at the current moment.
10. The apparatus of claim 8, the apparatus further comprising: the rollback module is used for acquiring a snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current moment when snapshot rollback is performed based on the full snapshot; judging whether the rollback file of the current system disk is matched with the identifier of the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current moment; and if the rollback file of the current system disk is matched with the identifier of the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current moment, creating a new system disk based on the rollback file of the current system disk, and taking the new system disk as the current system disk.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10, wherein the rollback module is further configured to, if the rollback file of the current system disk does not match the identifier of the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current time, download, to a local location, the mirror image data in the snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component at the current time; and creating a new system disk based on the mirror image data in the snapshot chain corresponding to the storage service component downloaded to the local at the current moment, and taking the new system disk as the current system disk.
12. The apparatus of claim 8, the apparatus further comprising: a deletion module, configured to, when a snapshot is deleted based on the full snapshot, obtain a snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current time; extracting a snapshot from the snapshot chain of the storage service component at the current moment in the sequence from bottom to top as a current snapshot; if the current snapshot is the full snapshot, executing an operation of performing true deletion on the current snapshot and snapshots below the current snapshot; and if the current snapshot is the incremental snapshot, performing false deletion operation on the current snapshot and snapshots below the current snapshot.
13. An electronic device, comprising:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-6.
14. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer instructions for causing the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-6.
15. A computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method according to any one of claims 1-6.
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