CN110597661A - Virtual machine backup method and device - Google Patents
Virtual machine backup method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110597661A CN110597661A CN201910860224.2A CN201910860224A CN110597661A CN 110597661 A CN110597661 A CN 110597661A CN 201910860224 A CN201910860224 A CN 201910860224A CN 110597661 A CN110597661 A CN 110597661A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1446—Point-in-time backing up or restoration of persistent data
- G06F11/1448—Management of the data involved in backup or backup restore
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1402—Saving, restoring, recovering or retrying
- G06F11/1446—Point-in-time backing up or restoration of persistent data
- G06F11/1458—Management of the backup or restore process
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/07—Responding to the occurrence of a fault, e.g. fault tolerance
- G06F11/14—Error detection or correction of the data by redundancy in operation
- G06F11/1479—Generic software techniques for error detection or fault masking
- G06F11/1482—Generic software techniques for error detection or fault masking by means of middleware or OS functionality
- G06F11/1484—Generic software techniques for error detection or fault masking by means of middleware or OS functionality involving virtual machines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a virtual machine backup method and a virtual machine backup device, which comprises the following steps of detecting the backup quantity every other specific period and executing: deleting a first parameter number of backups in response to the number of stored backups reaching a first threshold; generating and storing a full number of backups in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter; generating and storing an incremental backup in response to the number of stored backups not being divisible by the second parameter; in response to the virtual machine failing, the virtual machine is restored from the full and incremental backups. The invention can automatically execute the backup of the virtual machine, maintain the stability and the data integrity of the system, save the storage space and improve the backup efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of computers, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for backing up a virtual machine.
Background
In recent years, the wave mat of virtualization and cloud computing has rolled up the whole IT industry, leading to the development of IT infrastructure and innovation of the industry. OpenStack is the most widely used open source cloud computing platform at present, and can help enterprises to build own cloud infrastructure services. OpenStack can provide virtual machine services using a variety of virtualization platforms, such as VMware, KVM, Xen, and so on, and the number of virtual machines running on the OpenStack platform is increasing. Because a large amount of business and key data of a user are operated in the virtual machine, the data inside the virtual machine is very important for the user, and the data security of the virtual machine is ensured to be used for the problem to be solved by the OpenStack cloud platform.
At present, a common virtual machine backup scheme On an OpenStack cloud platform is a scheme for creating a snapshot for a virtual machine at a storage back end as a backup, and most of the schemes adopt a write-time cow (copy On write) technology to realize the snapshot and are state records of data storage at a certain moment. Because the snapshot depends on the existence of the virtual machine, if the virtual machine is deleted, the backup of the snapshot is deleted, and in addition, the snapshot can only restore the source virtual machine, and a new virtual machine cannot be restored. If the original data is damaged (for example, the physical medium is damaged, or the management mechanism of the layer where the snapshot is located is bypassed is used for rewriting the locked data), the snapshot rollback cannot recover the correct data, and the backup technology of the virtual machine can be used. However, a common backup scheme based on a cloud hard disk can only recover current disk data, and cannot recover a complete virtual machine. But if the entire virtual machine is backed up for repairability, the storage cost is unacceptable.
Aiming at the problem that the virtual machine backup scheme in the prior art cannot give consideration to data integrity and storage space limitation, no effective solution is available at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a virtual machine backup method and apparatus, which can automatically perform virtual machine backup, maintain system stability and data integrity, and simultaneously save storage space and improve backup efficiency.
Based on the above object, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a virtual machine backup method, including detecting the number of backups every certain period and executing the following steps:
deleting a first parameter number of backups in response to the number of stored backups reaching a first threshold;
generating and storing a full number of backups in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter;
generating and storing an incremental backup in response to the number of stored backups not being divisible by the second parameter;
in response to the virtual machine failing, the virtual machine is restored from the full and incremental backups.
In some embodiments, deleting the first parameter copy comprises: determining the first parameter backup with the earliest generation time in the first threshold number of backups, and deleting the first parameter backup with the earliest generation time.
In some embodiments, restoring the virtual machine from the full backup and the incremental backup comprises: restoring the virtual machine according to the last stored full backup in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter; and restoring the virtual machine based on the last full backup stored and the last incremental backup stored in response to the number of backups stored not being evenly divisible by the second parameter.
In some embodiments, the full backup is a full snapshot of the virtual machine at the current time; the incremental backup is the difference information of the complete snapshot of the virtual machine at the current moment and the complete snapshot at the last backup moment.
In some embodiments, the difference between the first parameter and the first threshold is numerically equal to an integer multiple of the product of the particular period and the second parameter.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a virtual machine backup apparatus, including:
a cleaning module for deleting a first parameter number of backups in response to the number of stored backups reaching a first threshold;
a full amount module for generating and storing a full amount backup in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter;
an incremental module for generating and storing an incremental backup in response to the number of stored backups not being divisible by the second parameter;
and the recovery module is used for responding to the virtual machine failure and recovering the virtual machine according to the full backup and the incremental backup.
In some embodiments, deleting the first parameter copy comprises: determining the first parameter backup with the earliest generation time in the first threshold number of backups, and deleting the first parameter backup with the earliest generation time.
In some embodiments, restoring the virtual machine from the full backup and the incremental backup comprises:
restoring the virtual machine according to the last stored full backup in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter; and
in response to the number of stored backups not being evenly divisible by the second parameter, the virtual machine is restored based on the last full backup stored and the last incremental backup stored.
In some embodiments, the full backup is a full snapshot of the virtual machine at the current time; the incremental backup is the difference information of the complete snapshot of the virtual machine at the current moment and the complete snapshot at the last backup moment.
In some embodiments, the difference between the first parameter and the first threshold is numerically equal to an integer multiple of the product of the particular period and the second parameter.
The invention has the following beneficial technical effects: according to the virtual machine backup method and device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the backup quantity is detected every other specific period, and the backup of the first parameter is deleted in response to the fact that the stored backup quantity reaches the first threshold value; generating and storing a full number of backups in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter; generating and storing an incremental backup in response to the number of stored backups not being divisible by the second parameter; in response to the virtual machine failure, the virtual machine can be automatically executed according to the technical scheme of restoring the virtual machine through full backup and incremental backup, the system stability and the data integrity are maintained, and meanwhile, the storage space is saved and the backup efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a virtual machine backup method provided in the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a virtual machine backup method provided in the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that all expressions using "first" and "second" in the embodiments of the present invention are used for distinguishing two entities with the same name but different names or different parameters, and it should be noted that "first" and "second" are merely for convenience of description and should not be construed as limitations of the embodiments of the present invention, and they are not described in any more detail in the following embodiments.
In view of the foregoing, a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an embodiment of a method for automatically performing virtual machine backup. Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart illustrating a virtual machine backup method provided in the present invention.
The virtual machine backup method, as shown in fig. 1, includes detecting the backup number every certain period and executing the following steps:
step S101: deleting a first parameter number of backups in response to the number of stored backups reaching a first threshold;
step S103: generating and storing a full number of backups in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter;
step S105: generating and storing an incremental backup in response to the number of stored backups not being divisible by the second parameter;
step S107: in response to the virtual machine failing, the virtual machine is restored from the full and incremental backups.
The embodiment of the invention adopts a dual-computer hot standby OpenStack environment, when one server fails, the other server can take over the failed server seamlessly, data can be switched seamlessly under the condition that a user does not sense the data, and the stability of the system and the integrity of the data are ensured. In addition, by adopting the backup based on the virtual machine, on one hand, compared with the condition that the snapshot depends on the source virtual machine and only can restore the source virtual machine, and on the other hand, compared with the condition that the backup based on the cloud hard disk only can restore the current disk and can not restore the complete virtual machine, the backup can independently exist, and even if the source virtual machine is damaged, the backup can still be used for restoring the source virtual machine or a new virtual machine which is completely the same as the source virtual machine is restored by using the backup. The invention realizes an automatic backup mode by using a plan task, and ensures the data integrity by adopting a strategy of periodically creating full backup and incremental backup, thereby effectively saving the space of a backup storage pool and improving the backup efficiency. In the automatic backup process, one full backup is performed periodically to avoid the problem that the incremental backup file is unavailable after the parent backup is damaged; the incremental backup only records the data of the virtual machine change at two adjacent time points, one full backup is added in a staged manner, and the full and incremental backups are adopted to periodically perform the data backup of the virtual machine, so that the storage space is greatly saved, and the backup efficiency can be improved.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like. Embodiments of the computer program may achieve the same or similar effects as any of the preceding method embodiments to which it corresponds.
In some embodiments, deleting the first parameter copy comprises: determining the first parameter backup with the earliest generation time in the first threshold number of backups, and deleting the first parameter backup with the earliest generation time.
In some embodiments, restoring the virtual machine from the full backup and the incremental backup comprises: restoring the virtual machine according to the last stored full backup in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter; and restoring the virtual machine based on the last full backup stored and the last incremental backup stored in response to the number of backups stored not being evenly divisible by the second parameter.
In some embodiments, the full backup is a full snapshot of the virtual machine at the current time; the incremental backup is the difference information of the complete snapshot of the virtual machine at the current moment and the complete snapshot at the last backup moment.
In some embodiments, the difference between the first parameter and the first threshold is numerically equal to an integer multiple of the product of the particular period and the second parameter.
The method disclosed according to an embodiment of the present invention may also be implemented as a computer program executed by a CPU, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. The computer program, when executed by the CPU, performs the above-described functions defined in the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention. The above-described method steps and system elements may also be implemented using a controller and a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program for causing the controller to implement the functions of the above-described steps or elements.
The following further illustrates embodiments of the invention in accordance with the specific example shown in fig. 2.
In order to prevent the backup files from being damaged, the invention adopts the periodic process to carry out one-time full backup, and the scheme is that the backup time interval is 4 hours. After 5 incremental backups are accumulated and created, a full backup is created, so that the problem that the data cannot be recovered when the data of the virtual machine in one day is damaged is avoided. In order to avoid the waste of storage space, the first 18 backups at a time point are deleted and only the virtual machine backup data of three days last are reserved when the number of backups of the current virtual machine is accumulated to 30.
1) Configuring a counting period backup task, creating a full amount of the first backup task when necessary, and configuring the backup task as periodic backup every 4 hours after the zero point every day;
2) if the accumulated backup number is N, N is not 30 and the residue of N to 6 is not zero, the next backup type is incremental backup; if the accumulated backup number N is not 30 and the remainder of N to 6 is zero, the next backup type is full backup;
3) if the cumulative number of the backups is 30, deleting 18 backups at the earliest time point, retaining the backup data of the virtual machine for the last three days, and then returning to the step 2).
It can be seen from the foregoing embodiments that, in the virtual machine backup method provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the backup quantity is detected every certain period, and the backup of the first parameter is deleted in response to the stored backup quantity reaching the first threshold; generating and storing a full number of backups in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter; generating and storing an incremental backup in response to the number of stored backups not being divisible by the second parameter; in response to the virtual machine failure, the virtual machine can be automatically executed according to the technical scheme of restoring the virtual machine through full backup and incremental backup, the system stability and the data integrity are maintained, and meanwhile, the storage space is saved and the backup efficiency is improved.
It should be particularly noted that, the steps in the embodiments of the virtual machine backup method described above may be mutually intersected, replaced, added, or deleted, and therefore, these reasonable permutation and combination transformations should also belong to the scope of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of the present invention to the described embodiments.
In view of the foregoing, a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an embodiment of an apparatus capable of automatically performing virtual machine backup. The virtual machine backup device comprises:
a cleaning module for deleting a first parameter number of backups in response to the number of stored backups reaching a first threshold;
a full amount module for generating and storing a full amount backup in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter;
an incremental module for generating and storing an incremental backup in response to the number of stored backups not being divisible by the second parameter;
and the recovery module is used for responding to the virtual machine failure and recovering the virtual machine according to the full backup and the incremental backup.
The various illustrative logical blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in connection with the disclosure herein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or combinations of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability of hardware and software, various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps have been described above generally in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as software or hardware depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the overall system. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention.
In some embodiments, deleting the first parameter copy comprises: determining the first parameter backup with the earliest generation time in the first threshold number of backups, and deleting the first parameter backup with the earliest generation time.
In some embodiments, restoring the virtual machine from the full backup and the incremental backup comprises: restoring the virtual machine according to the last stored full backup in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter; and restoring the virtual machine based on the last full backup stored and the last incremental backup stored in response to the number of backups stored not being evenly divisible by the second parameter.
In some embodiments, the full backup is a full snapshot of the virtual machine at the current time; the incremental backup is the difference information of the complete snapshot of the virtual machine at the current moment and the complete snapshot at the last backup moment.
In some embodiments, the difference between the first parameter and the first threshold is numerically equal to an integer multiple of the product of the particular period and the second parameter.
As can be seen from the foregoing embodiments, the virtual machine backup apparatus provided in the embodiments of the present invention deletes the first parameter backup by detecting the number of backups every certain period and in response to the stored number of backups reaching the first threshold; generating and storing a full number of backups in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter; generating and storing an incremental backup in response to the number of stored backups not being divisible by the second parameter; in response to the virtual machine failure, the virtual machine can be automatically executed according to the technical scheme of restoring the virtual machine through full backup and incremental backup, the system stability and the data integrity are maintained, and meanwhile, the storage space is saved and the backup efficiency is improved.
It should be particularly noted that, the above embodiment of the virtual machine backup apparatus adopts the embodiment of the virtual machine backup method to specifically describe the working process of each module, and those skilled in the art can easily think that these modules are applied to other embodiments of the virtual machine backup method. Of course, since the steps in the embodiment of the virtual machine backup method may be intersected, replaced, added, or deleted, these reasonable permutation and combination transformations should also belong to the scope of the present invention for the virtual machine backup apparatus, and should not limit the scope of the present invention to the embodiment.
The foregoing is an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, but it should be noted that various changes and modifications could be made herein without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims. The functions, steps and/or actions of the method claims in accordance with the disclosed embodiments described herein need not be performed in any particular order. Furthermore, although elements of the disclosed embodiments of the invention may be described or claimed in the singular, the plural is contemplated unless limitation to the singular is explicitly stated.
It should be understood that, as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly supports the exception. It should also be understood that "and/or" as used herein is meant to include any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. The numbers of the embodiments disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description, and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by a program instructing relevant hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the above-mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the discussion of any embodiment above is meant to be exemplary only, and is not intended to intimate that the scope of the disclosure, including the claims, of embodiments of the invention is limited to these examples; within the idea of an embodiment of the invention, also technical features in the above embodiment or in different embodiments may be combined and there are many other variations of the different aspects of an embodiment of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, substitutions, improvements, and the like that may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the embodiments of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A virtual machine backup method is characterized by comprising the following steps of detecting the backup quantity every a specific period and executing:
deleting a first parameter of the backups in response to the number of stored backups reaching a first threshold;
generating and storing a full number of backups in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter;
generating and storing an incremental backup in response to the number of stored backups not being divisible by the second parameter;
in response to a virtual machine failure, restoring the virtual machine according to the full backup and the incremental backup.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein deleting a first parameter of the backups comprises:
determining the first parameter number of the backups with the earliest generation time in the first threshold number of the backups, and deleting the first parameter number of the backups with the earliest generation time.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein restoring the virtual machine according to the full backup and the incremental backup comprises:
restoring the virtual machine according to the last stored full backup in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter; and
restoring the virtual machine based on the last stored full backup and the last stored incremental backup in response to the number of stored backups not being evenly divisible by a second parameter.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the full backup is a full snapshot of the virtual machine at a current time; the incremental backup is the difference information of the complete snapshot of the virtual machine at the current moment and the complete snapshot at the last backup moment.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein a difference between the first parameter and the first threshold is numerically equal to an integer multiple of a product of the particular period and the second parameter.
6. A virtual machine backup apparatus, comprising:
a cleaning module for deleting a first parameter of the backups in response to the number of stored backups reaching a first threshold;
a full amount module for generating and storing a full amount backup in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter;
an incremental module for generating and storing an incremental backup in response to the number of stored backups not being divisible by the second parameter;
and the recovery module is used for responding to the virtual machine failure and recovering the virtual machine according to the full backup and the incremental backup.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein deleting the first parameter of the backup comprises: determining the first parameter number of the backups with the earliest generation time in the first threshold number of the backups, and deleting the first parameter number of the backups with the earliest generation time.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein restoring the virtual machine according to the full backup and the incremental backup comprises:
restoring the virtual machine according to the last stored full backup in response to the number of stored backups being divisible by a second parameter; and
restoring the virtual machine based on the last stored full backup and the last stored incremental backup in response to the number of stored backups not being evenly divisible by a second parameter.
9. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the full backup is a full snapshot of the virtual machine at a current time; the incremental backup is the difference information of the complete snapshot of the virtual machine at the current moment and the complete snapshot at the last backup moment.
10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein a difference between the first parameter and the first threshold is numerically equal to an integer multiple of a product of the particular period and the second parameter.
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| CN201910860224.2A CN110597661A (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | Virtual machine backup method and device |
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| CN201910860224.2A CN110597661A (en) | 2019-09-11 | 2019-09-11 | Virtual machine backup method and device |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112269681A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-26 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for continuously protecting virtual machine data |
| CN112860376A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-05-28 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Snapshot chain making method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN113613063A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-05 | 深圳市明源云科技有限公司 | Application exception recovery method, device, computer program product and storage medium |
| CN114564284A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-05-31 | 武汉四通信息服务有限公司 | Data backup method of virtual machine, computer equipment and storage medium |
-
2019
- 2019-09-11 CN CN201910860224.2A patent/CN110597661A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112269681A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-26 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for continuously protecting virtual machine data |
| CN112860376A (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2021-05-28 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Snapshot chain making method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112860376B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2023-08-01 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Snapshot chain manufacturing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN113613063A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-05 | 深圳市明源云科技有限公司 | Application exception recovery method, device, computer program product and storage medium |
| CN113613063B (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2023-08-04 | 深圳市明源云科技有限公司 | Application anomaly reduction method, device and storage medium |
| CN114564284A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-05-31 | 武汉四通信息服务有限公司 | Data backup method of virtual machine, computer equipment and storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20191220 |