CN112859472A - Electrochromic device with three functional film layers - Google Patents

Electrochromic device with three functional film layers Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112859472A
CN112859472A CN201911097651.6A CN201911097651A CN112859472A CN 112859472 A CN112859472 A CN 112859472A CN 201911097651 A CN201911097651 A CN 201911097651A CN 112859472 A CN112859472 A CN 112859472A
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layer
electrochromic
electrochromic device
electrode
substrate
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CN201911097651.6A
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姜天怡
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/155—Electrodes

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an electrochromic device with three functional film layers, which consists of two substrates, an electrode layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, packaging materials and electrode outer pins, wherein the electrode layer is arranged between the inner surface of the substrate at one side and the electrochromic layer; the invention has the advantages of reducing the number of functional film layers in the electrochromic device, improving the optical performance of the electrochromic device, having simple structure of an external working circuit and being applicable to the fields of glasses, automobile rearview mirrors, sun visors and the like.

Description

Electrochromic device with three functional film layers
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochromic devices, and particularly relates to an electrochromic device with three functional film layers.
Background
The electrochromic is a phenomenon that optical properties such as color, transmittance, reflectivity, absorptivity and the like of a material are stably and reversibly changed under the action of an applied electric field, and the material is shown as reversible change of color and transparency in appearance. Materials having electrochromic properties are called electrochromic materials, materials that are colored when connected to a power source anode and discolored when connected to a power source cathode are called anodic electrochromic materials, and materials that are colored when connected to a power source cathode and discolored when connected to a power source anode are called cathodic electrochromic materials. Structures with electrochromic functionality made with electrochromic materials are referred to as electrochromic devices.
The structural form adopted by the existing electrochromic device is as follows: substrate-electrode layer-electrochromic layer-electrolyte layer-ion storage layer-electrode layer-substrate structure (see fig. 1), in which there are five functional film layers, two electrode layers, one electrochromic layer, one electrolyte layer and one ion storage layer. When the electrochromic layer is made of an anode electrochromic material, the electrode layer adjacent to the electrochromic layer is communicated with the anode of a direct-current power supply, the opposite electrode layer is communicated with the cathode of the direct-current power supply, and the electrochromic device has a coloring phenomenon (see fig. 2); the electrode layer next to the electrochromic layer is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply, the opposite electrode layer is connected with the anode of the direct current power supply, and the electrochromic device has a color fading phenomenon (see fig. 3). When the electrochromic layer is made of a cathode electrochromic material, the electrode layer adjacent to the electrochromic layer is communicated with the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply, the opposite electrode layer is communicated with the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply, and the electrochromic device has a coloring phenomenon (see fig. 4); the electrode layer next to the electrochromic layer is connected with the anode of the direct current power supply, the opposite electrode layer is connected with the cathode of the direct current power supply, and the electrochromic device has a color fading phenomenon (see fig. 5).
The number of functional film layers and the thickness of the film layers of the electrochromic device have an important influence on the optical performance and the manufacturing cost of the device. Because the prior electrochromic device has as many as five functional film layers, the optical performance of the device is reduced, and the manufacturing cost of the device is increased. Because the outer electrode pins of the conventional electrochromic device belong to different electrode layers, two outer electrode pins connected with the two electrode layers need to be manufactured step by step, so that the manufacturing process of the functional film layer is interrupted, and the process of manufacturing the outer electrode pins after the manufacturing process of the functional film layer is interrupted is very easy to cause the device to be polluted by the outside so as to reduce the optical quality of the device; the interruption of the functional film layer fabrication process also increases the fabrication cost of the device. The problems of large quantity of functional film layers and interruption of the manufacturing process of the functional film layers influence the popularization and application of the electrochromic technology in the fields of optics, display, safety and the like to a certain extent.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of large quantity of functional film layers and interruption of the manufacturing process of the functional film layers of the conventional electrochromic device, the invention provides an electrochromic device with three functional film layers; the electrochromic device with three functional film layers is an electrochromic device consisting of two substrates, an electrode layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, a packaging material and an electrode outer pin; the electrochromic device having three functional film layers may have a planar or non-planar shape.
The electrode layer is a film layer made of a conductive material and is arranged between the inner surface of the substrate on one side and the electrochromic layer; the electrochromic layer is a film layer made of electrochromic materials and is arranged between the electrode layer and the electrolyte layer; the electrolyte layer is a film layer made of electrolyte material and is arranged between the electrochromic layer and the inner surface of the substrate on the other side; the outer electrode pin is a conductive member which is made of a conductive material, is connected with the electrode layer in the electrochromic device, and the outer end of the outer electrode pin extends out of the range of the packaging material and the substrate and is used for conducting electricity; the packaging material is a member which connects the substrates at the two sides so as to seal the electrode layer, the electrochromic layer and the electrolyte layer in the substrates at the two sides and the packaging material and isolate the substrates from the outside; the packaging material does not package the outer end of the electrode outer pin inside the electrochromic device.
The electrochromic device with the three functional film layers can be made into a perspective type electrochromic device or a reflection type electrochromic device.
For a see-through electrochromic device, all substrates are transparent base members, the electrode layer is a transparent conductive film layer, the electrochromic layer is a film layer that is transparent in a discolored state, and the electrolyte layer is a transparent film layer.
For a reflective electrochromic device, the light-reflecting surface thereof is provided on one side of the substrate or on the electrode layer; when the reflecting surface is arranged on the substrate on one side, the substrate with the reflecting surface is a non-transparent base component on the whole, the substrate on the other side is a transparent base component, and the electrode layer is a transparent conductive film layer; when the light reflecting surface is arranged on the electrode layer, the substrate on one side of the electrode layer is a non-transparent or transparent base component, and the substrate on the other side is a transparent base component; the electrochromic layer is a film layer that is transparent in a discolored state, and the electrolyte layer is a transparent film layer.
When the electrochromic layer of the electrochromic device provided by the invention adopts an anode electrochromic material, the electrode layer is communicated with the anode of a direct-current power supply (through an electrode outer pin), and the cathode of the direct-current power supply is grounded, so that the electrochromic device has a coloring phenomenon; the electrode layer is communicated with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply (through an electrode outer pin), the positive electrode of the direct current power supply is grounded, and the electrochromic device is faded.
When the electrochromic layer of the electrochromic device provided by the invention adopts a cathode electrochromic material, the electrode layer is communicated with the cathode of a direct-current power supply (through an electrode outer pin), and the anode of the direct-current power supply is grounded, so that the electrochromic device has a coloring phenomenon; the electrode layer is communicated with the anode of the direct current power supply (through an electrode outer pin), the cathode of the direct current power supply is grounded, and the electrochromic device is faded.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the number of functional film layers in the electrochromic device is reduced, and the optical performance of the electrochromic device is improved. Because only one electrode layer and the corresponding electrode outer pin are provided, the manufacture of the electrode outer pin can be completed on the substrate in advance, and then the manufacture of the functional film can be continuously carried out, the manufacture process of the functional film is not interrupted, and the optical quality of the device can be ensured. When the device works, only one pole of a direct current power supply is connected into the electrochromic device, and the other pole is grounded, so that the electrochromic function can be realized, and the external working circuit is simple in structure. The electrochromic device can be applied to the fields of glasses, automobile rearview mirrors, sun visors and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the relationship of an electrochromic device substrate and film layers having a substrate-electrode layer-electrochromic layer-electrolyte layer-ion storage layer-electrode layer-substrate structure;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the coloring and external circuit relationship of an electrochromic device having a substrate-electrode layer-electrochromic layer-electrolyte layer-ion storage layer-electrode layer-substrate structure using an anodic electrochromic material;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the discoloration and external circuit of an electrochromic device having a structure of substrate-electrode layer-electrochromic layer-electrolyte layer-ion storage layer-electrode layer-substrate using an anodic electrochromic material;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the coloring and external circuit relationship of an electrochromic device having a substrate-electrode layer-electrochromic layer-electrolyte layer-ion storage layer-electrode layer-substrate structure using a cathode electrochromic material;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the discoloration and external circuit of an electrochromic device having a structure of substrate-electrode layer-electrochromic layer-electrolyte layer-ion storage layer-electrode layer-substrate using a cathode electrochromic material;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the relationship between a substrate and a film layer according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of coloring in relation to external circuitry when the present invention employs an anodic electrochromic material;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the fade and external circuit relationship when an anodic electrochromic material is used in the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of coloring in relation to external circuitry when the present invention employs a cathodic electrochromic material;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the fade and external circuit relationship when using a cathodic electrochromic material in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a left side view of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a top view of FIG. 11;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a side substrate of the present invention in relation to an electrode layer, an electrochromic layer and an electrode outer lead;
fig. 15 is a left side view of fig. 14.
The reference numbers are as follows: 1. the substrate I2, the substrate II 3, the packaging material 5, the electrode outer pin 11, the electrode layer 12, the electrochromic layer 13 and the electrolyte layer.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 15. The following description is only for the purpose of explanation and is not intended to limit the invention.
The electrochromic device with three functional film layers, as shown in fig. 11-15, is an electrochromic device composed of two substrates 1 and 2, an electrode layer 11, an electrochromic layer 12, an electrolyte layer 13, a packaging material 3 and an electrode outer pin 5; the electrochromic device having three functional film layers may have a planar or non-planar shape.
The electrode layer is a film layer made of a conductive material and is arranged between the inner surface of the substrate on one side and the electrochromic layer. (ii) a The electrochromic layer is a film layer made of electrochromic materials and is arranged between the electrode layer and the electrolyte layer; the electrolyte layer is a film layer made of electrolyte material and is arranged between the electrochromic layer and the inner surface of the substrate on the other side; the outer electrode pin is a conductive member which is made of a conductive material, is connected with the electrode layer in the electrochromic device, and the outer end of the outer electrode pin extends out of the range of the packaging material and the substrate and is used for conducting electricity; the packaging material is a member which connects the substrates at the two sides so as to seal the electrode layer, the electrochromic layer and the electrolyte layer in the substrates at the two sides and the packaging material and isolate the substrates from the outside; the packaging material does not package the outer end of the electrode outer pin inside the electrochromic device.
In the working state of the electrochromic device with the three functional film layers, the electrode layer is communicated with one pole of a direct current power supply, and the other pole of the direct current power supply is grounded.
The electrochromic device with the three functional film layers can be made into a perspective type electrochromic device or a reflection type electrochromic device.
For a see-through electrochromic device, all substrates are transparent base members, the electrode layer is a transparent conductive film layer, the electrochromic layer is a film layer that is transparent in a discolored state, and the electrolyte layer is a transparent film layer.
For a reflective electrochromic device, the light-reflecting surface thereof is provided on one side of the substrate or on the electrode layer; when the light reflecting surface is arranged on the substrate on one side, the substrate with the light reflecting surface is a non-transparent base member on the whole, and the substrate on the other side is a transparent base member; the electrode layer is a transparent conductive film layer; when the light-reflecting surface is provided on the electrode layer, the substrate on one side of the electrode layer is a non-transparent or transparent base member, and the substrate on the other side is a transparent base member. (ii) a The electrochromic layer is a film layer that is transparent in a discolored state, and the electrolyte layer is a transparent film layer.
The transparent substrate may be made of glass, resin, or transparent plastic film, but is not limited thereto.
The opaque substrate having a reflective surface is made of a material including, but not limited to, a polished metal plate, a reflective-coated glass, and a reflective-coated plastic film.
The electrode layer is made of materials including, but not limited to, indium oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, tin-doped indium oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide, nano silver, carbon nanotubes, and gold.
The anode electrochromic material for manufacturing the electrochromic layer comprises iridium oxide, rhodium oxide, cobalt oxide, nickel oxide, polypyrrole and polyaniline, but is not limited to the above.
The cathode electrochromic material for fabricating the electrochromic layer includes tungsten oxide, titanium oxide, molybdenum oxide, niobium oxide, poly [3,4- (2, 2' -dimethylpropylenedioxy) thiophene ], poly (3, 4-ethylenedioxythiophene), but is not limited thereto.
The electrolyte layer is made of a material comprising polytrimethylenecarbonate/LiClO4Polylactide lactone/LiClO4、LiAlF4、LiTaO3But is not limited thereto.
When the electrochromic layer of the electrochromic device provided by the invention adopts an anode electrochromic material, the electrode layer is communicated with the anode of the direct-current power supply (through an electrode outer pin), and the cathode of the direct-current power supply is grounded, so that the electrochromic device has a coloring phenomenon (see figure 7); the electrode layer is connected to the negative electrode of the dc power supply (via the external electrode pin), and the positive electrode of the dc power supply is grounded, so that the electrochromic device shows discoloration (see fig. 8).
When the electrochromic layer of the electrochromic device provided by the invention adopts a cathode electrochromic material, the electrode layer is communicated with the cathode of a direct-current power supply (through an electrode outer pin), and the anode of the direct-current power supply is grounded, so that the electrochromic device has a coloring phenomenon (see figure 9); the electrode layer is connected to the positive electrode of the dc power supply (via the external electrode pin), and the negative electrode of the dc power supply is grounded, so that the electrochromic device is discolored (see fig. 10).
Although the present invention has been described in detail, the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person may make various modifications according to the principle of the present invention. Accordingly, any modification made in accordance with the principles of the present invention should be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. An electrochromic device with three functional film layers comprises a substrate, and is characterized in that: the electrochromic device consists of two substrates, an electrode layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, packaging materials and outer electrode pins;
the electrode layer is a film layer made of a conductive material and is arranged between the inner surface of the substrate on one side and the electrochromic layer; the electrochromic layer is a film layer made of electrochromic materials and is arranged between the electrode layer and the electrolyte layer; the electrolyte layer is a film layer made of electrolyte material and is arranged between the electrochromic layer and the inner surface of the substrate on the other side; the outer electrode pin is a conductive member which is made of a conductive material, is connected with the electrode layer in the electrochromic device, and the outer end of the outer electrode pin extends out of the range of the packaging material and the substrate and is used for conducting electricity; the packaging material is a member which connects the substrates at the two sides so as to seal the electrode layer, the electrochromic layer and the electrolyte layer in the substrates at the two sides and the packaging material and isolate the substrates from the outside; the packaging material does not package the outer end of the electrode outer pin inside the electrochromic device.
2. An electrochromic device with three functional film layers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrochromic device with the three functional film layers is a perspective electrochromic device.
3. An electrochromic device with three functional film layers according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the see-through electrochromic device, all the substrates are transparent base members, the electrode layer is a transparent conductive film layer, the electrochromic layer is a film layer which is transparent in a discolored state, and the electrolyte layer is a transparent film layer.
4. An electrochromic device with three functional film layers according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electrochromic device with three functional film layers is a reflective electrochromic device.
5. An electrochromic device with three functional film layers according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the reflective electrochromic device, a light reflecting surface thereof is provided on one side of a substrate or on an electrode layer; when the reflecting surface is arranged on the substrate on one side, the substrate with the reflecting surface is a non-transparent base component on the whole, the substrate on the other side is a transparent base component, and the electrode layer is a transparent conductive film layer; when the light reflecting surface is arranged on the electrode layer, the substrate on one side of the electrode layer is a non-transparent or transparent base component, and the substrate on the other side is a transparent base component; the electrochromic layer is a film layer that is transparent in a discolored state, and the electrolyte layer is a transparent film layer.
6. An electrochromic device with three functional film layers as in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the electrochromic device with the three functional film layers is in a planar or non-planar shape.
CN201911097651.6A 2019-11-12 2019-11-12 Electrochromic device with three functional film layers Pending CN112859472A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911097651.6A CN112859472A (en) 2019-11-12 2019-11-12 Electrochromic device with three functional film layers

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911097651.6A CN112859472A (en) 2019-11-12 2019-11-12 Electrochromic device with three functional film layers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112859472A true CN112859472A (en) 2021-05-28

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201911097651.6A Pending CN112859472A (en) 2019-11-12 2019-11-12 Electrochromic device with three functional film layers

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112859472A (en)

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