CN112859196B - Accurate identification method for broken layer breakpoint in shaft - Google Patents
Accurate identification method for broken layer breakpoint in shaft Download PDFInfo
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- CN112859196B CN112859196B CN202110236054.8A CN202110236054A CN112859196B CN 112859196 B CN112859196 B CN 112859196B CN 202110236054 A CN202110236054 A CN 202110236054A CN 112859196 B CN112859196 B CN 112859196B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for accurately identifying fault breakpoints in a shaft, which comprises the following steps: s1, coring a fault zone in the research area, and identifying and dividing two units of a fault nucleus and a fracture zone; s2, calibrating logging by using a rock core, and establishing logging identification marks of fault cores and fracture zones; s3, identifying the fault zone on the well by using a stratum contrast method; s4, identifying fault nuclei in the fault zone; and S5, taking the center of the fault nucleus as a breakpoint, and finishing the identification of the breakpoint. The method is mainly based on fault zone coring, fault cores and fracture zones are divided by the core, logging is carried out by utilizing core scales, a logging identification mark is established, the fault cores are identified within the depth range of the fault zones determined by stratum contrast, the middle depth of the fault cores is taken as the position of a breakpoint, so that the accuracy of logging identification of the breakpoint is improved, compared with the breakpoint position determined by an original stratum contrast method, the accuracy is higher, the error is smaller, and the drilling risk near the fault zones is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fault breakpoint identification methods, and particularly relates to an accurate identification method of a fault breakpoint in a shaft.
Background
The fine explanation and description of the fault are the main contents of the fine description of the complex fault block oil reservoir, and the space position and the form of the fault need to be accurately known for mining residual oil near the fault in the middle and later stages of development. Because seismic data resolution is limited, faults are finely explained and described in a complex fault block old area usually by combining with the on-well breakpoints, and the accuracy of fault space description is directly influenced by the positions of the on-well breakpoints. The normal fault is usually shown as stratum loss in a shaft, the traditional breakpoint determination method is mainly used for carrying out interwell stratum comparison by researching the characteristics of a logging curve in the shaft, and the place of the stratum loss can be regarded as a breakpoint.
In field practice, the positions of breakpoints of the same fault in the same well and different people by using a stratum contrast method are not completely the same, certain errors exist, and the maximum error can reach about 10 meters. This error is common in practice, mainly because the method considers a fault as a surface, and the actual underground fault is a zone with a certain width, including two structural units, namely a fault nucleus and a crack zone. The breakpoint position of single well drilling is a certain point position in the fault nucleus, generally the fault nucleus is considered to be narrow and 0-3 m, therefore, the swing of the breakpoint position on the well in the fault nucleus by 0-3 m is reasonable, and the breakpoint position beyond the fault nucleus is wrong. The fracture zone is generally wide and can reach tens of meters, although the fracture zone still keeps the continuity of the stratum, the logging curve characteristics of the fracture zone are different from those of an undisturbed stratum due to the existence of cracks and fillings, and the closer to the fault core part, the more the crack develops, the larger the logging curve change is, and according to a traditional comparison method, one position in the fracture zone is probably determined as a breakpoint.
The fault is the root cause of the breakpoint error caused by the traditional stratigraphic comparison, the fault cannot be found in the later seismic interpretation, the maximum cognitive error of about 10 meters is caused in the spatial position of the fault plane, and the cognitive error brings certain risks to the later fault block reservoir development and well drilling.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for accurately identifying a fault breakpoint in a wellbore, aiming at the defects of the prior art, so as to solve the problems proposed in the background art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the accurate identification method of the fracture point of the well bore inner fault comprises the following steps:
s1, coring a fault zone in the research area, and identifying and dividing two units of a fault nucleus and a fracture zone;
s2, calibrating and logging by using a rock core, and establishing fault core and fracture zone logging identification marks;
s3, identifying the fault zone on the well by using a stratum contrast method;
s4, identifying fault nuclei in the fault zone;
and S5, taking the center of the fault nucleus as a breakpoint, and finishing the identification of the breakpoint.
Preferably, in S1, the fault zone in the study area is cored, and after coring, an analytical test is performed to divide the core into fracture zones and fault nuclei according to characteristics such as lithology, physical properties, and fracture development.
Preferably, the fault core is provided with one or more of a sliding surface, fault breccia, broken fault mud and carbonate cement;
the fractured zones typically have a large number of cracks or micro-fractures.
Preferably, in S2, the core calibration logging is to select a logging curve reflecting lithology and physical properties, including microelectrode, acoustic wave, density, borehole diameter and deep lateral resistivity, and establish a fault core and fracture zone logging identification mark.
Preferably, in S3, the formation comparison method for identifying the fault zone on the well specifically includes selecting a standard well with continuous and complete formation development in the work area, then comparing the logging curve characteristics of the target well and the standard well from shallow to deep, and determining the position where the curve characteristics obviously change as the top depth of the fault zone; and comparing the logging curve characteristics of the target well and the standard well from depth to depth, and determining the position with obvious change as the fault zone bottom depth.
Preferably, in S4, the fault core is identified in the fault zone, specifically, in the depth range of the target well fault zone, the fracture zone and the fault core are identified according to the logging identification mark, and the depth range of the fault core is read.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
aiming at the problem of error in fault point identification in a shaft, fault zone core analysis is combined with a traditional stratum contrast method, a fault point is directly positioned on a fault core, so that the identification precision of the fault point is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the identification of fault zone core fault nuclei and fracture zones of river 68-slant examination 1 in the experimental example of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a view showing the identification of fault zone core fault nucleus and fissure zone of river 31-slant examination 1 in the experimental example of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a core fault core and fissure zone identification chart for zone C50-test 1 in the experimental example of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a view of the possible depths of breakpoints of the river 31-50 wells in the experimental example of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a plot of breakpoint depth recognition in an experimental example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: the accurate identification method of the fracture point of the well bore inner fault comprises the following steps:
s1, coring a fault zone in the research area, and identifying and dividing two units of a fault nucleus and a fracture zone;
the method mainly comprises the steps of coring a fault zone in a research area, carrying out analysis and assay after coring, and dividing a rock core into a fracture zone and a fault nucleus according to characteristics such as lithology, physical properties, fracture development degree and the like.
The fault core is provided with one or more of a sliding surface, fault breccia, broken fault mud and carbonate cement;
the fractured zones typically have a large number of cracks or micro-fractures.
S2, calibrating and logging by using a rock core, and establishing fault core and fracture zone logging identification marks;
the core calibration logging is to select a logging curve reflecting lithology and physical properties, including microelectrode, sound wave, density, borehole diameter and deep lateral resistivity, and establish a fault core and fracture zone logging identification mark.
S3, identifying the fault zone on the well by using a stratum contrast method; the stratum contrast method for recognizing the fault zone on the well is characterized in that firstly, a standard well with continuous and complete stratum development is selected in a working area, then well logging curve characteristics of a target well and the standard well are compared from shallow to deep, and the position where the curve characteristics obviously change is determined as the top depth of the fault zone; and comparing the logging curve characteristics of the target well and the standard well from depth to depth, and determining the position with obvious change as the fault zone bottom depth.
S4, identifying fault nuclei in the fault zone;
specifically, in the depth range of the fault zone of the target well, the fracture zone and the fault nucleus are identified according to the logging identification mark, and the depth range of the fault nucleus is read.
And S5, taking the center of the fault nucleus as a breakpoint, and finishing the identification of the breakpoint.
Experimental example 1, an east-west sunken central hump is selected, a large number of positive faults are developed in the area, the cause of the faults is related to the diapir and the north-west-south-east stretching effects, the internal structures of the faults have similarity, and the central hump forms 5 complex fault oil fields such as Dongxing and Shuihuang under the shielding effect of the faults. At present, oil fields are in the later stage of high water content development, a favorable enrichment area of residual oil is arranged near a fault, in order to excavate the residual oil, the spatial position of the fault needs to be precisely depicted on the basis of breakpoint identification, and the identification precision of the underground breakpoint directly influences the depicting precision of the fault position.
S1, designing 3 fault zone coring wells in the depressed central humped zone of Dongying, wherein the wells are respectively river 31-inclined inspection 1, river 68-inclined inspection 1 and Xin 50-inspection 1, and taking 70 meters of fault zone cores in total, and identifying fault cores and fracture zones for the fault zone cores of the three wells, as shown in figures 2, 3 and 4 specifically;
the internal structure of the fault of the three-opening core-taking well has certain similarity, the fault core is mainly characterized by filling of carbonate cement, and analysis and test results show that the cement mainly comprises calcite and two causes, namely the precipitation of carbonate minerals in the process of upward migration of deep hydrothermal solution along the fault; and the other is formed by discharging fluid containing carbonate minerals from the stratum on two sides of the fault in the process of diagenesis and precipitating the fluid in the process of flowing along the main fracture of the fault.
S2, selecting 6 logging curves of well diameter, sound wave, density, neutron, microelectrode and deep lateral resistivity, establishing fault nucleus and fissure zone logging identification marks, and showing in the following table:
s3, in the river 31 fault block stratum comparison, the river 31-71 with fully developed stratum is taken as a standard well. Comparing the well logging curve characteristics of the target well 31-50 and the target well 31-71 by combining the deposition law, identifying that the depth of the fault zone of the well 31-50 is 2400-,
above the depth S27 formation and S2The 9 stratum well logging curves and the standard wells have good corresponding relations.
S4, identifying the depth range 2404-2405.4 m of fault nucleus according to the logging identification marks with different structures within the depth range 2400-2408 m of the fault zone.
S5, taking the midpoint of the fault nucleus depth as the breakpoint depth 2404.7 meters, as shown in FIG. 6.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The accurate identification method of the fracture point of the well bore inner fault is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, coring a fault zone in the research area, and identifying and dividing two units of a fault nucleus and a fracture zone;
s2, calibrating and logging by using a rock core, and establishing fault core and fracture zone logging identification marks;
s3, identifying the fault zone on the well by using a stratum contrast method;
s4, identifying fault nuclei in the fault zone;
and S5, taking the center of the fault nucleus as a breakpoint, and finishing the identification of the breakpoint.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S1, the fault zone in the study area is cored, and after coring, an analytical test is performed to separate the fracture zone and the fault core from the core according to lithology, physical properties, and fracture development.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the fault core has one or more of a sliding surface, fault breccia, fracture fault mud, and carbonate cement;
the fractured zones typically have a large number of cracks or micro-fractures.
4. The method for accurately identifying a fault breakpoint in a shaft according to claim 1, wherein in S2, core calibration logging is to select a logging curve reflecting lithology and physical properties, including microelectrode, acoustic wave, density, well diameter and deep lateral resistivity, and establish a logging identification mark of a fault nucleus and a fracture zone.
5. The method for accurately identifying fault breakpoints in the shaft according to claim 1, wherein in S3, the stratum contrast method for identifying fault zones on the well is characterized in that a standard well with continuous and complete stratum development is selected in a working area, then well logging curve characteristics of a target well and the standard well are compared from shallow to deep, and the position where the curve characteristics obviously change is determined as the top depth of the fault zone; and comparing the logging curve characteristics of the target well and the standard well from depth to depth, and determining the position with obvious change as the fault zone bottom depth.
6. The method for accurately identifying a fault break point in a wellbore as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S4, the fault core is identified in the fault zone by reading the fault core depth range by identifying the fracture zone and the fault core according to the well logging identification mark in the target well fault zone depth range.
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