CN112858196A - Method for measuring three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration - Google Patents
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 38
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration, which comprises a blood oxygen signal, a blood oxygen probe, a signal amplifier, an analog-digital converter and a main controller, wherein the blood oxygen probe acquires a blood sample signal, performs photoelectric conversion on the blood sample signal, converts a light intensity signal into a frequency signal, performs ADC (analog-digital converter) conversion after the signal amplification circuit amplifies the signal, converts the frequency signal into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the main controller, the main controller obtains an electric signal in direct proportion to the light intensity after processing, and the obtained electric signal is substituted into a newly derived three-wavelength calculation formula to obtain the corresponding venous blood oxygen concentration. The invention uses the wavelength light sources on the absorption points of reduced hemoglobin, oxygenated hemoglobin and the like as reference light sources, deduces and obtains the method for measuring the three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration, has stronger anti-interference capability and accurate measurement, does not generate time intervals during the measurement, and can provide real-time, continuous and effective parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of biomedicine, and particularly relates to a method for measuring human body vein blood oxygen concentration.
Background
With the development of society, people pay more and more attention to their own physical health. The medical experts fully utilize the characteristics of the times, apply various information technologies to the medical field, and the combination of the technologies can more accurately and effectively find and treat difficult and complicated diseases existing on human bodies. All life activities of the human body can not be separated from oxygen, and the consumption and the demand of the human body to the oxygen reflect the health condition of human tissues. Therefore, monitoring the oxygen demand (measurable by oxygen saturation) of a patient or person in need thereof is an important task in the medical field. The concept of arterial and venous oxygen saturation arises.
The method for measuring oxygen saturation comprises the following steps: electrochemical method-invasive detection-traditional blood gas analyzer; optical method-non-invasive detection. Currently, the main research optical methods at home and abroad measure oxygen saturation, i.e. the percentage of oxygen (oxygen content) actually combined with hemoglobin in blood to the maximum amount (oxygen capacity) of oxygen capable of being combined with hemoglobin in blood, and hemoglobin mainly exists in the modes of reduced hemoglobin and oxygenated hemoglobin. Experts and scholars at home and abroad mainly study the arterial oxygen saturation because the absorption of arterial blood to light is changed and can be converted into the electric alternating current. The existing mature arterial oxygen saturation measuring method is a dual-wavelength measuring method-a spectrum experiment shows that the molar absorption coefficient of the reduced hemoglobin is larger near a red light area, and the absorption coefficient of the oxygenated hemoglobin is larger near an infrared light area. The two kinds of hemoglobin have different absorption coefficients for different wavelengths of light, and may be used in double wavelength measurement. The oxygen supply to the tissue can be derived from the oxygen content of the arterial blood, while the actual oxygen consumption of the tissue is obtained after obtaining the venous oxygen saturation.
Venous blood oxygen saturation (SvO)2) Can be expressed as:
wherein c isHb，
Respectively, the concentrations of reduced hemoglobin and oxygenated hemoglobin in the blood.
Venous oxygen saturation is the blood oxygen content of human tissue after absorption by capillaries. Since the venous oxygen saturation is the same in nature as the arterial oxygen saturation, a dual wavelength measurement method similar to the arterial oxygen saturation has been studied so far. The dual-wavelength measurement method uses a light emitting diode as a light source, a silicon tube as an optical sensor (the sensors are of a transmission type and a reflection type, and mainly adopt the transmission type), and a microcomputer processes information. The wavelength is selected because the two types of hemoglobin have different absorption coefficients, and the absorption coefficients of the two types of hemoglobin are the same at the wavelength of about 805nm through a spectrum experiment, wherein the absorption coefficient of the reduced hemoglobin is larger than that of the oxygenated hemoglobin between 600nm and 805nm, and the absorption coefficient of the reduced hemoglobin is smaller than that of the oxygenated hemoglobin in the wavelength range of larger than 805 nm. However, the absorption coefficients of the two are very close between 805nm and 960nm, so that two wavelengths of 660nm and 940nm are mainly adopted at present.
However, the inventor of the present application finds, through research, that the existing dual-wavelength measurement method is weak in anti-interference capability, and the measurement accuracy needs to be further improved. Therefore, the invention provides a new venous blood oxygen concentration measuring method, namely a measuring method for measuring venous oxygen saturation by three wavelengths, in order to solve the problems of pain brought to a patient by an invasive detection method, complexity of a measuring process, weak anti-interference performance of double-wavelength noninvasive detection and the like, and has important research and clinical application significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a method for measuring three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration.
The invention provides a method for measuring three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration, which comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measuring device: the three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measuring device consists of a blood oxygen probe, a signal amplifier, an analog-digital converter and a main controller;
s2: blood sample signal collection and conversion: the blood oxygen probe collects the signals, performs photoelectric conversion, converts light intensity signals into frequency signals, performs signal amplification through a signal amplification circuit, performs conversion through an analog-digital converter, and converts the frequency signals into digital signals;
s3: signal processing: the analog-digital converter transmits the digital signal of the blood sample signal to the main controller, the main controller obtains an electric signal in direct proportion to the light intensity after processing, and the obtained electric signal is substituted into the derived three-wavelength calculation formula, so that the corresponding venous blood oxygen concentration is calculated.
Further, the blood oxygen signal comes from one or more positions of hands or feet of the person; the blood oxygen probe consists of a transmitting part and a receiving part, wherein the transmitting part consists of a red light transmitting tube, an infrared light transmitting tube and a reference light transmitting tube, and the receiving part consists of a photoelectric sensor and a singlechip; the digital-to-analog converter comprises a weight resistor network, an operational amplifier, a reference power supply and an analog switch; the main controller comprises a software program with a calculation function, and the digital signal converted by the ADC is processed to obtain the venous oxygen saturation; the main controller can control the light source of the emission part of the blood oxygen probe and control the red light diode, the infrared diode and the reference light diode to emit light simultaneously or alternately;
furthermore, the red light emitting tube can emit light with the wavelength of 660nm, the infrared light emitting tube can emit light with the wavelength of 940nm, and the reference light emitting tube can emit light with the wavelength of 805 nm; the single chip microcomputer is STM32F 10; the software program with the computing function comprises a system initialization module, a timer interrupt processing module, an A/D data acquisition module, a data display module and a communication module.
Further, the reference light wavelength is equal absorption points of reduced hemoglobin and oxygenated hemoglobin.
Further, the software program with calculation function uses the calculation formula for calculating the blood oxygen saturation as follows:
further, the calculation formula of the blood oxygen saturation is derived as follows:
venous blood oxygen saturation (SvO)2) Can be expressed as:
wherein c isHb，
Respectively, the concentrations of reduced hemoglobin and oxygenated hemoglobin in the blood.
Lambert-Beer law: assuming a wavelength λ and a light intensity I0The transmission intensity through blood is then:
wherein epsilon0Is the absorption coefficient of the solution, c0Is the concentration of the solution,. l0Representing an optical path;
using light of three wavelengths, let us say the wavelength used be lambda1，λ2，λ3Then, according to Lambert-Beer law, the following results are obtained:
the relation of every two wavelengths is converted as follows:
the relationship between the reduced hemoglobin concentration and the oxygenated hemoglobin concentration is thus obtained as:
the formula for obtaining venous oxygen saturation is as follows:
assuming that the incident light intensities of the 3 wavelengths are the same, i.e.
Substituting the formula to obtain:
furthermore, epsilon in the K value is a constant and can be determined through calibration; when the incident light intensity is the same, only three wavelengths need to be measured: the venous blood oxygen saturation can be obtained by the transmission light intensity of 660nm red light, 940nm infrared light and 805nm reference light source.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for measuring the venous oxygen saturation by using three wavelengths is stronger in anti-interference capability, accurate in measurement, free of time interval during measurement and capable of providing real-time, continuous and effective parameters.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measurement according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a blood oxygen probe for a three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measurement method according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the absorption coefficients of oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measuring device according to the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a method of three wavelength venous oximetry comprising the steps of:
s1: preparing a three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measuring device: the three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measuring device consists of a blood oxygen probe, a signal amplifier, an analog-digital converter and a main controller;
s2: blood sample signal collection and conversion: the blood oxygen probe collects the signals, performs photoelectric conversion, converts light intensity signals into frequency signals, performs signal amplification through a signal amplification circuit, performs conversion through an analog-digital converter, and converts the frequency signals into digital signals;
s3: signal processing: the analog-digital converter transmits the digital signal of the blood sample signal to the main controller, the main controller obtains an electric signal in direct proportion to the light intensity after processing, and the obtained electric signal is substituted into the derived three-wavelength calculation formula, so that the corresponding venous blood oxygen concentration is calculated.
In this embodiment, the blood oxygen signal is from one or more positions of the hands or feet of the person; the blood oxygen probe consists of a transmitting part and a receiving part, wherein the transmitting part consists of a red light transmitting tube, an infrared light transmitting tube and a reference light transmitting tube, and the receiving part consists of a photoelectric sensor and a singlechip; the digital-to-analog converter comprises a weight resistor network, an operational amplifier, a reference power supply and an analog switch; the main controller comprises a software program with a calculation function, and the digital signal converted by the ADC is processed to obtain the venous oxygen saturation; the main controller can control the light source of the emission part of the blood oxygen probe and control the red light diode, the infrared diode and the reference light diode to emit light simultaneously or alternately;
in this embodiment, the red light emitting tube may emit light with a wavelength of 660nm, the infrared light emitting tube may emit light with a wavelength of 940nm, and the reference light emitting tube may emit light with a wavelength of 805 nm; the single chip microcomputer is STM32F 10; the software program with the computing function comprises a system initialization module, a timer interrupt processing module, an A/D data acquisition module, a data display module and a communication module.
In this embodiment, the reference light wavelength is equal absorption points of reduced hemoglobin and oxygenated hemoglobin.
In this embodiment, the calculation formula for calculating the blood oxygen saturation level used by the software program with the calculation function is as follows:
in this embodiment, the calculation formula of the blood oxygen saturation is derived as follows:
venous blood oxygen saturation (SvO)2) Can be expressed as:
wherein c isHb，
Respectively, the concentrations of reduced hemoglobin and oxygenated hemoglobin in the blood.
Lambert-Beer law: assuming a wavelength λ and a light intensity I0The transmission intensity through blood is then:
wherein epsilon0Is dissolvedAbsorption coefficient of liquid, c0Is the concentration of the solution,. l0Representing an optical path;
using light of three wavelengths, let us say the wavelength used be lambda1，λ2，λ3Then, according to Lambert-Beer law, the following results are obtained:
the relation of every two wavelengths is converted as follows:
the relationship between the reduced hemoglobin concentration and the oxygenated hemoglobin concentration is thus obtained as:
the formula for obtaining venous oxygen saturation is as follows:
assuming that the incident light intensities of the 3 wavelengths are the same, i.e.
Substituting the formula to obtain:
in this embodiment, epsilon in the K value is a constant, which can be determined by calibration; when the incident light intensity is the same, only three wavelengths need to be measured: the venous blood oxygen saturation can be obtained by the transmission light intensity of 660nm red light, 940nm infrared light and 805nm reference light source.
A method for measuring three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration adopts the method provided by the embodiment to obtain the following measurement results: the measured values of the vein blood oxygen and the PR are shown in the following table (the precision is 70-100% is +/-2%) when the PR simulation value is 75bpm and the PI simulation value is 3%:
example 2:
the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the present embodiment providesThe method has the following measurement results: SpO2The measured values of the venous blood oxygen and the PR when the simulated value is 96% and the PI simulated value is 3% are shown in the following table (the precision is +/-1%):
in the embodiment, the measuring method has stronger anti-interference capability and accurate measurement, does not generate time intervals during measurement, and can provide real-time, continuous and effective parameters.
Claims (7)
1. A method of three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measurement, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1: preparing a three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measuring device: the three-wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measuring device consists of a blood oxygen probe, a signal amplifier, an analog-digital converter and a main controller;
s2: blood sample signal collection and conversion: the blood oxygen probe collects the signals, performs photoelectric conversion, converts light intensity signals into frequency signals, performs signal amplification through a signal amplification circuit, performs conversion through an analog-digital converter, and converts the frequency signals into digital signals;
s3: signal processing: the analog-digital converter transmits the digital signal of the blood sample signal to the main controller, the main controller obtains an electric signal in direct proportion to the light intensity after processing, and the obtained electric signal is substituted into the derived three-wavelength calculation formula, so that the corresponding venous blood oxygen concentration is calculated.
2. The method of three wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measurement as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the blood oxygen signal comes from one or more parts of hands or feet of a person; the blood oxygen probe consists of a transmitting part and a receiving part, wherein the transmitting part consists of a red light transmitting tube, an infrared light transmitting tube and a reference light transmitting tube, and the receiving part consists of a photoelectric sensor and a singlechip; the digital-to-analog converter comprises a weight resistor network, an operational amplifier, a reference power supply and an analog switch; the main controller comprises a software program with a calculation function, and the digital signal converted by the ADC is processed to obtain the venous oxygen saturation; the main controller can control the light source of the emission part of the blood oxygen probe and control the red light diode, the infrared diode and the reference light diode to emit light simultaneously or alternatively.
3. The method of three wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measurement as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the red light emitting tube can emit light with the wavelength of 660nm, the infrared light emitting tube can emit light with the wavelength of 940nm, and the reference light emitting tube can emit light with the wavelength of 805 nm; the single chip microcomputer is STM32F 10; the software program with the computing function comprises a system initialization module, a timer interrupt processing module, an A/D data acquisition module, a data display module and a communication module.
4. A method of three wavelength venous oximetry according to claim 3 wherein: the wavelength of the reference light is the absorption point of the reduced hemoglobin and the oxygenated hemoglobin.
5. The method of three wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measurement as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the software program with calculation function uses the calculation formula for calculating the blood oxygen saturation as follows:
6. the method of three wavelength venous blood oxygen concentration measurement as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the formula for calculating blood oxygen saturation is derived as follows:
venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) may be expressed as:
wherein, cHb，
Respectively representing the concentrations of reduced hemoglobin and oxygenated hemoglobin in the blood;
Lambert-Beer law: assuming a wavelength λ and a light intensity I0The transmission intensity through blood is then:
wherein epsilon0Is the absorption coefficient of the solution, c0Is the concentration of the solution,. l0Representing an optical path;
using light of three wavelengths, let us say the wavelength used be lambda1，λ2，λ3Then, according to Lambert-Beer law, the following results are obtained:
the relation of every two wavelengths is converted as follows:
the relationship between the reduced hemoglobin concentration and the oxygenated hemoglobin concentration is thus obtained as:
the formula for obtaining venous oxygen saturation is as follows:
assuming that the incident light intensities of the 3 wavelengths are the same, i.e., substituted into the equation:
7. the method of claim 6, wherein: epsilon in the K value is a constant and can be determined through calibration; when the incident light intensity is the same, only three wavelengths need to be measured: the venous blood oxygen saturation can be obtained by the transmission light intensity of 660nm red light, 940nm infrared light and 805nm reference light source.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112903609A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-06-04 | 重庆大学 | Dual-wavelength venous blood oxygen saturation measuring method without correction |
| CN114376571A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-04-22 | 圣点世纪科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for measuring blood oxygen content based on monochromatic light artery blood vessel image |
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