CN112858155B - Dynamic simulation test device and test method for corrosion of hollow copper conductor of generator - Google Patents
Dynamic simulation test device and test method for corrosion of hollow copper conductor of generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN112858155B CN112858155B CN202110081457.XA CN202110081457A CN112858155B CN 112858155 B CN112858155 B CN 112858155B CN 202110081457 A CN202110081457 A CN 202110081457A CN 112858155 B CN112858155 B CN 112858155B
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Abstract
A generator hollow copper conductor corrosion dynamic simulation test device comprises: the hollow copper wire test piece comprises a hollow copper wire, a sleeve and a low-voltage direct-current power supply; the device also comprises a lead outer side oil circulation constant temperature system which comprises a constant temperature circulation oil bath connected with the sleeve; the wire inner side water circulation cooling system comprises an inner cold water tank connected with a hollow copper wire test piece circuit, an ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed connected with the inner cold water tank, a circulating pump, an inner cold water temperature detection element, an inner cold water conductivity detection element, an inner cold water DO detection element, an inner cold water pH detection element and a pendant pool; and the pure nitrogen cylinder is connected with the inner cold water tank. The invention also discloses a test method of the generator hollow copper conductor corrosion dynamic simulation test device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a generator hollow copper conductor corrosion dynamic simulation test device and a test method, and belongs to the technical field of power generation equipment corrosion and protection.
Background
During generator operation, the stator coils generate a significant amount of heat. To remove this heat, the heat-generating stator coil is cooled by means of water cooling. Because the inner cooling water is in direct contact with the inner surface of the hollow copper wire, the inner cooling water can cause corrosion to the copper wire to a certain extent. In severe cases, Corrosion products may cause the blockage of Copper wires, which leads to the reduction of internal cooling Water flow, overheating of coils, and even unplanned shutdown and maintenance of the Generator, directly endangering the safe and economic operation of the unit (Ye Chun. micro Copper Corrosion control principle and applied technology research [ D ]. Shanghai: college of unity, 2002; SVOBODA R. Delocations and correction in Water-Cooled Generator winnings: Part 1: Behavior of Copper [ J ]. Powerplant Chemistry,2018,20 (5)). Therefore, the corrosion prevention of the hollow copper wire is an important work for the operation management of the generator stator system.
The factors influencing the corrosion of the hollow copper wire in the internal cooling water comprise the water quality conditions of the internal cooling water such as pH, conductivity, DO and water temperature, and the system operation conditions of the internal cooling water in the hollow copper wire such as the operation flow rate, the current intensity and the heat exchange intensity. In order to inhibit or relieve the corrosion of the hollow copper wire, the relationship between the influencing factors and the corrosion characteristics of the copper wire needs to be tested and researched, so that the corrosion action mechanism of the copper wire is disclosed, and the control method for the corrosion of the copper wire is obtained and optimized. Among them, the corrosion coupon test is the most commonly used method for the research on the corrosion of the hollow copper wire of the generator. The quasiphunson test is designed based on orthogonal test and uses Cu in solution2+The content and the microscopic morphology of the test piece represent the corrosion condition of the red copper test piece, and the influence of DO, pH, water temperature, test time and rotating speed on the corrosion of the red copper test piece is researched. The quasi-dynamic coupon test result shows that the influence of all factors on the corrosion of the red copper coupon is in the following order: pH, rotational speed, DO, test time and water temperature. Under the condition of quasi-dynamic test, the demineralized water is adjusted to be slightly alkaline, so that the corrosion of the red copper test piece (yew, Zhang jin, Qian Dun, etc.) can be effectively inhibited, and the corrosion control quasi-dynamic simulation test research of the generator copper conductor [ J]Corrosion science and protection technology, 2004(01): 41-43). ZHANG R and the like design a static hanging piece test based on a response surface optimization method and use Cu in solution2+The content, the corrosion weight loss rate of the test piece, the microscopic morphology and the surface composition of the test piece represent the corrosion condition of the red copper test piece, and the combination of DO, pH and water temperature with the lowest coupon corrosion rate is researched in an experiment. Test results show that when DO is 0.04mg/L, pH to 8.5 and water temperature is 60 ℃, the corrosion rate of the coupon is lower than 0.005mm/y, and Cu in the solution2+The content is less than 25 μ g/L (ZHANG R, CAO S, PAN H. evaluation of a porous filler strand in a porous filler using a porous surface method [ J ]].Materials and Corrosion,2018,69(6):804-813)。
The corrosion coupon test can reflect the corrosion condition of the hollow copper wire in the internal cold water to a certain extent. However, the corrosion coupon test mainly inspects the qualitative influence of the water content of the internal cooling water on the corrosion of the red copper, and cannot reflect the influence of the flow speed and the flow state of the internal cooling water in the hollow copper conductor. Meanwhile, in the actual operation process, the hollow copper wire is in a power-on state and has a heat exchange process. These system operating conditions also play a vital role in the corrosion of copper wire. Because the simulation degree of the actual system is limited, the actual corrosion characteristics of the red copper hanging piece and the hollow copper wire still have certain difference.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the research method for corrosion of the hollow copper wire of the generator, the invention provides a dynamic simulation test device for corrosion of the hollow copper wire of the generator, which simulates the water quality, the running flow rate, the metal material, the electrifying current and the heat exchange strength of an internal cooling water system of the generator, comprehensively represents the corrosion characteristics of the copper wire from three angles of the water quality of the internal cooling water, the hollow copper wire and the corrosion hanging piece, reveals the corrosion action mechanism of the copper wire and further provides a theoretical basis for corrosion control of the copper wire.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a generator hollow copper conductor corrosion dynamic simulation test device comprises a hollow copper conductor test piece, a conductor outside oil circulation constant temperature system, a conductor inside water circulation cooling system and a pure nitrogen bottle; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the hollow copper wire test piece comprises a hollow copper wire, a sleeve sleeved outside the hollow copper wire and a low-voltage direct-current power supply connected with two ends of the hollow copper wire;
the oil circulation constant temperature system at the outer side of the lead comprises a constant temperature circulation oil bath connected with the two ends of the sleeve through pipelines;
the water circulation cooling system on the inner side of the wire comprises an inner-cooling water tank and an ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed, wherein the upper part and the bottom of the inner-cooling water tank are respectively connected with two ends of a hollow copper wire through pipelines, a circulating pump, a flowmeter and a hanging piece pool are sequentially installed on the pipeline connecting the bottom of the inner-cooling water tank and the hollow copper wire, a return pipeline is further arranged at the outlet of the circulating pump, the return pipeline is connected with the upper end of the inner-cooling water tank, and the ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed is connected onto the return pipeline;
the outlet of the pure nitrogen bottle leads pure nitrogen into the bottom in the inner cold water tank through a pipeline;
and the pipelines connected with the two ends of the sleeve and the constant-temperature circulating oil bath are respectively provided with a sleeve inlet oil temperature detection element and a sleeve outlet oil temperature detection element, and the pipelines connected with the hollow copper wire and the upper end of the inner cooling water tank are respectively provided with a hollow copper wire test piece outlet water temperature detection element.
Furthermore, a constant-temperature jacket is arranged outside the inner cold water tank, and a constant-temperature circulating water bath is further arranged on the device and is connected with the upper part and the lower part of the constant-temperature jacket through pipelines.
Further, the sleeve pipe is the organic glass pipe, organic glass pipe both ends adopt epoxy to seal, the inside and both ends of hollow copper conductor suit of organic glass pipe stretch out the organic glass outside of the pipe.
Furthermore, a condensing pipe is also arranged on a pipeline connecting the upper part of the inner cold water tank and the hollow copper wire.
Furthermore, an inner-cooling water conductivity detection element, an inner-cooling water DO detection element and an inner-cooling water pH detection element are arranged on the return pipeline.
Furthermore, a porous annular aerator is arranged at the tail end of a pipeline connected with an outlet of the pure nitrogen cylinder, and the porous annular aerator is arranged at the bottom in the inner cold water tank.
Further, install III type standard red copper corrosion lacing film and by the observation test block that does not receive the observation hollow copper wire and make in the lacing film pond, III type standard red copper corrosion lacing film is used for testing lacing film weightlessness rate, the observation test block is used for observing the surface appearance and the composition after being corroded.
The invention also discloses a test method of the generator hollow copper conductor corrosion dynamic simulation test device, which comprises the following steps,
step one, preparing a hollow copper wire test piece: cleaning the inner surface of the hollow copper conductor by using 10% dilute sulfuric acid solution, washing the inner surface by using demineralized water after pickling, sleeving the prepared hollow copper conductor in a sleeve, extending two ends of the hollow copper conductor out of the sleeve, plugging two ends of the sleeve and connecting other pipelines.
Step two, regulating and controlling the initial water quality condition of the inner cooling water: the initial water quality conditions of the internal cooling water comprise DO, pH and water temperature;
the method for regulating and controlling the internal cooling water DO comprises the following steps: opening an outlet of a pure nitrogen bottle, filling the pure nitrogen with a certain flow into the internal cold water, and controlling the flow and the nitrogen introducing time of the filled pure nitrogen;
the method for regulating and controlling the pH value of the inner cooling water comprises the following steps: the flow and the treatment time of the ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed are controlled by treating the inner cooling water through the ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed.
The method for regulating and controlling the temperature of the internal cooling water comprises the following steps: adjusting and controlling the initial temperature of the inner cooling water by setting the temperature of the constant-temperature circulating water bath;
step three, starting a dynamic simulation test: setting a certain temperature for the constant-temperature circulating water bath, and introducing a certain current to the hollow copper wire through a low-voltage direct-current power supply;
starting a circulating pump, and regulating the flow rate of the internal cooling water in the copper wire by regulating the flow of a return pipeline at the outlet of the circulating pump;
step four, measuring the quality of the internal cooling water: recording the temperature, the conductivity, the DO and the pH of the internal cooling water at certain time intervals;
step five, measuring the thermal resistance of the corrosion layer of the hollow copper wire test piece:
recording the flow rate of internal cooling water, the water temperature of water inlet and outlet of a hollow copper wire test piece and the oil temperature of water inlet and outlet of a sleeve at certain time intervals;
calculating the real-time heat transfer resistance of the hollow copper conductor test piece according to a heat transfer resistance calculation formula of the hollow copper conductor:
in the formula:
RHTthermal resistance to heat transfer of hollow copper wire, m2·K/W；
A-hollow copper conductorOuter surface area of wire, m2；
GRThe water inlet flow of the hollow copper wire test piece is kg/s;
Cp-specific heat capacity of water, J/(kg · K);
t1、t2water inlet and outlet temperatures K of the hollow copper wire test piece;
T1、T2-the temperature of the oil at the inlet and outlet of the bushing, K;
subtracting the initial heat transfer resistance when the hollow copper wire is not corroded from the real-time heat transfer resistance to obtain the corrosion layer heat resistance of the hollow copper wire test piece;
step six, determining the corrosion weight loss rate and the surface characteristics of the hanging piece:
after the dynamic simulation test is finished, evacuating the internal cooling water in the coupon pool, and taking out the III type standard red copper corrosion coupon and the corroded observation test piece;
removing corrosion products on the surface of the III type standard red copper corrosion coupon, weighing the mass of the III type standard red copper corrosion coupon, and calculating the corrosion rate of the III type standard red copper corrosion coupon according to the mass of the III type standard red copper corrosion coupon before and after the test and the size specification of a test piece;
the calculation formula of the weight loss rate of the corrosion coupon is as follows:
in the formula:
υ-corrosion rate of metals, g/m2·h；
m0-mass of test piece before corrosion, g;
m is the mass g of the test piece after corrosion and corrosion product removal;
a-surface area of test piece exposed to corrosive environment, m2；
t is the time of corrosion of the test piece, h;
and (3) observing the surface micro-morphology of the test piece by adopting SEM, and measuring the chemical composition of the surface of the test piece by adopting EDS and XPS.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
by adopting the technical scheme, the invention simulates the conditions of water quality, metal material, operation flow rate, electrifying current, heat exchange and the like of the cold water system in the generator, builds a dynamic simulation test device for corrosion of the hollow copper wire in the generator, can realize the adjustability and controllability of the test conditions of initial water quality condition, operation flow rate, electrifying current, heat exchange strength and the like of the cold water, thereby carrying out single-factor and multi-factor combined dynamic simulation test, comprehensively representing and evaluating the corrosion condition of the copper wire in the cold water by integrating the water quality parameters of the cold water, the heat resistance of the corrosion layer of the hollow copper wire, the weight loss of a corrosion coupon and the surface characteristic, further disclosing the influence of the test conditions on the corrosion characteristic of the copper wire in the cold water, and providing a method basis for the corrosion action mechanism and the control research of the hollow copper wire in the generator.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a test apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the hollow copper wire test piece in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. a pure nitrogen cylinder; 2. circulating water bath at constant temperature; 3. an inner cold water tank; 4. a porous annular aerator; 5. a circulation pump; 6. ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed; 7. an inner cooling water temperature detecting element; 8. an internal cooling water conductivity detection element; 9. an internal cooling water DO detection element; 10. an internal cooling water pH detection element; 11. a flow meter; 12. a hanging slice pool; 13. a hollow copper wire test piece; 131 organic glass tube with inlet and outlet branch tubes on side; 132 hollow copper wire; 133 low voltage dc power supply; 134 inner cooling water inlet and outlet joints; the positive and negative electrode connectors of a 135 low-voltage direct-current power supply; 136 epoxy resin; 14. circulating oil bath at constant temperature; 15. an organic glass tube inlet oil temperature detection element; 16 an organic glass tube outlet oil temperature detection element; 17. a hollow copper wire test piece outlet water temperature detection element; 18. a condenser tube; 19. a pure nitrogen pressure reducing valve; 20. an exhaust valve of the inner cold water tank; 21 bottom drain valve of inner cooling water tank; a 22 circulating pump water inlet valve; 23 circulating pump outlet valve; 24 circulation pump return valves; 25. a water inlet valve of the ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed; 26. an outlet valve of the ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed; 27. a flow regulating valve; 28. a hollow copper wire test piece and a hanging piece tank emptying valve; 29. the hollow copper wire test piece and the hanging piece tank are evacuated to the atmosphere communicating valve; 30. and a water outlet valve of the condensation pipe.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the dynamic simulation test device for corrosion of the hollow copper wire of the generator comprises a hollow copper wire test piece 13, an oil circulation constant temperature system outside the wire, a water circulation cooling system inside the wire and a pure nitrogen bottle 1.
Referring to fig. 2, the hollow copper wire test piece 13 includes a hollow copper wire 132, a sleeve sleeved outside the hollow copper wire 132, and a low voltage dc power supply 133 connected to two ends of the hollow copper wire 132. The sleeve is preferably an organic glass tube 131 with an inlet and outlet branch tube on the side surface, the organic glass tube is sleeved outside the hollow copper conductor 132, two ends of the hollow copper conductor 132 extend out of the organic glass tube, and two ends of the organic glass tube are sealed by epoxy resin 136.
Referring again to fig. 1, the oil circulation constant temperature system outside the lead comprises a constant temperature circulation oil bath 14 connected with the two ends of the sleeve through pipelines. The constant-temperature circulating oil bath 14 is respectively connected with an inlet branch pipe and an outlet branch pipe of the organic glass pipe through pipelines, and the pipelines connected with the constant-temperature circulating oil bath are respectively and correspondingly provided with an organic glass pipe inlet oil temperature detection element 15 and an organic glass pipe outlet oil temperature detection element 16.
The water circulation cooling system at the inner side of the lead comprises an inner cooling water tank 3 and an ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed 6. The upper part and the bottom of the inner cooling water tank 3 are respectively connected with two ends of the hollow copper wire 132 through pipelines, inner cooling water passes through the hollow copper wire 132, and the pipeline connecting the upper part of the inner cooling water tank 3 and the hollow copper wire 132 is correspondingly provided with a hollow copper wire test piece outlet water temperature detection element 17. Install circulating pump 5, flowmeter 11, lacing film pond 12 on the pipeline that interior cold water tank 3 bottoms and hollow copper conductor link to each other in proper order, circulating pump 5 export still is provided with return line, return line connects interior cold water tank 3 upper ends, be connected with on the return line the little alkalization mixed resin bed 6 of ion exchange, the little alkalization mixed resin bed 6 of ion exchange is the little alkalization RNA/ROH mixed resin bed of ion exchange, and parallelly connected with return line. The device is characterized in that a constant-temperature jacket is arranged outside the inner cold water tank 3, a constant-temperature circulating water bath 2 is further arranged on the device, and the constant-temperature circulating water bath 2 is connected with the upper part and the lower part of the constant-temperature jacket through pipelines.
The outlet of the pure nitrogen cylinder 1 is communicated with pure nitrogen through a pipeline to the bottom in the inner cooling water tank 3, the pipeline is provided with a pure nitrogen pressure reducing valve 19, the end of the pipeline connected with the outlet of the pure nitrogen cylinder 1 is provided with a porous annular aerator 4, and the porous annular aerator 4 is arranged at the bottom in the inner cooling water tank 3.
And a pipeline connecting two ends of the sleeve with the constant-temperature circulating oil bath 14 is respectively provided with a sleeve inlet oil temperature detection element and a sleeve outlet oil temperature detection element, and a pipeline connecting two ends of the hollow copper wire and the inner cooling water tank 3 is respectively provided with a hollow copper wire test piece inlet water temperature detection element and a hollow copper wire test piece outlet water temperature detection element 17.
Furthermore, a condensing pipe 18 is also arranged on a pipeline connecting the upper part of the inner cold water tank 3 and the hollow copper wire.
Furthermore, the return line is also provided with an inner cooling water temperature detection element 7 for detecting the water temperature at the inlet of the hollow copper conductor, and is also provided with an inner cooling water conductivity detection element 8, an inner cooling water DO detection element 9 and an inner cooling water pH detection element 10.
Furthermore, a type III standard red copper corrosion coupon and an observation test piece made of an un-corroded hollow copper wire are installed in the coupon pool 12, the type III standard red copper corrosion coupon is used for testing the weight loss rate of the coupon, and the observation test piece is used for observing the surface appearance and components after being corroded.
The embodiment of a test method of a generator hollow copper conductor corrosion dynamic simulation test device comprises the following steps:
example 1
The multi-factor orthogonal dynamic simulation test under different internal cooling water initial water quality conditions comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a hollow copper wire test piece:
the inner surface of a hollow copper conductor 1.1m long was cleaned with a 10% dilute sulfuric acid solution, and washed clean with demineralized water after pickling.
The hollow copper conductor is encapsulated in an organic glass tube with the length of 1m and an inlet and outlet branch pipe on the side surface by epoxy resin.
(2) Assembling a dynamic simulation test device:
as shown in figure 1, a constant temperature circulating water bath, an inner cold water tank, a circulating pump, an ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed, a flowmeter, a hanging piece pool, a hollow copper wire test piece, a constant temperature circulating oil bath and a condenser pipe are connected in sequence.
The inner cold water tank is connected with a pure nitrogen cylinder and a porous annular aerator.
On-line temperature, conductivity, DO and pH detecting elements are arranged on a return pipe of the circulating pump.
In the connection process, the flow meter, the hollow copper wire test piece and the electrode pool of the online instrument are vertically fixed.
(3) Regulating and controlling initial water quality condition of internal cooling water
The initial quality conditions of the internal cooling water include DO, pH and water temperature. The DO concentration was 0.5mg/L, 2mg/L, or 8mg/L (or the saturated DO concentration at the corresponding temperature), the pH was 7.5, 8.5, or 9.5, the temperature was 40 ℃, 50 ℃, or 60 ℃, and an orthogonal test was performed at a 3-factor-3 level.
The method for regulating and controlling the internal cooling water DO comprises the following steps: the pressure reducing valve of the pure nitrogen cylinder is unscrewed, nitrogen is filled into the inner cold water through the porous annular aerator at a certain flow rate, and the DO of the inner cold water is measured through the online DO meter on the return pipe of the circulating pump. The initial DO of the cold water is regulated and controlled by controlling the flow rate and the nitrogen introducing time of the nitrogen.
The method for regulating and controlling the pH value of the inner cooling water comprises the following steps: the internal cooling water is treated by ion exchange micro-alkalization of an RNa/ROH mixed resin bed bypass circulation, and the pH value of the internal cooling water is measured by an online pH meter on a circulating pump return pipe. The initial pH value of the inner cooling water is regulated and controlled by controlling the circulation flow rate of the bypass and the treatment time.
The method for regulating and controlling the temperature of the internal cooling water comprises the following steps: the initial temperature of the inner cooling water is regulated and controlled by setting the temperature of the constant-temperature circulating water bath.
According to the principle of orthogonal design of uniform dispersion and uniformity, the initial water quality conditions of the correspondingly combined internal cooling water are regulated and controlled, and the corrosion dynamic simulation tests of the hollow copper wires are respectively carried out under different initial water quality conditions of the internal cooling water.
(4) Starting dynamic simulation test
The temperature of the constant temperature oil bath is set to be 80 ℃, and the electrifying current of the hollow copper wire is set to be 2A.
And starting the circulating pump, and regulating the flow speed of the inner cooling water in the copper wire to be 1m/s by regulating a reflux valve of the circulating pump and a flow regulating valve.
(5) Determination of quality of internal cooling water
The cold water temperature, conductivity, DO and pH were recorded at intervals.
(6) Determination of thermal resistance of corrosion layer of hollow copper conductor test piece
And recording the flow rate of internal cooling water, the water inlet and outlet water temperature of the hollow copper wire test piece and the oil temperature of the inlet and outlet of the organic glass tube at certain time intervals.
And calculating the real-time heat transfer resistance of the hollow copper wire test piece, and subtracting the initial heat transfer resistance from the real-time heat transfer resistance to obtain the corrosion layer heat resistance of the hollow copper wire test piece.
(7) Determination of coupon corrosion weightlessness rate and surface characteristics
And after the dynamic simulation test is finished, draining the water in the coupon pool, and taking out the standard copper corrosion test piece and the corrosion observation test piece.
Removing corrosion products on the surface of the copper corrosion test piece, weighing the mass of the copper corrosion test piece, and calculating the corrosion rate of the copper corrosion test piece according to the mass of the copper corrosion test piece before and after the test and the size specification of the test piece.
And (3) observing the surface micro-morphology of the test piece by adopting SEM, and measuring the chemical composition of the surface of the test piece by adopting EDS and XPS.
Example 2
The single-factor dynamic simulation test under different inner cooling water running flow speed conditions comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a hollow copper wire test piece:
the inner surface of a hollow copper conductor 1.1m long was cleaned with a 10% dilute sulfuric acid solution, and washed clean with demineralized water after pickling.
The hollow copper conductor is encapsulated in an organic glass tube with the length of 1m and an inlet and outlet branch pipe on the side surface by epoxy resin.
(2) Assembling a dynamic simulation test device:
as shown in figure 1, a constant temperature circulating water bath, an inner cold water tank, a circulating pump, an ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed, a flowmeter, a hanging piece pool, a hollow copper wire test piece, a constant temperature circulating oil bath and a condenser pipe are connected in sequence.
The inner cold water tank is connected with a pure nitrogen cylinder and a porous annular aerator.
On-line temperature, conductivity, DO and pH detecting elements are arranged on a return pipe of the circulating pump.
In the connection process, the flow meter, the hollow copper wire test piece and the electrode pool of the online instrument are vertically fixed.
(3) Regulating and controlling initial water quality condition of internal cooling water
The temperature of the inner cooling water constant temperature circulating water bath is set to be 40 ℃.
Open system for cooling water and O in air2The dissolution equilibrium is reached.
The method is characterized in that an ion exchange micro-alkalization RNa/ROH mixed resin bed bypass is adopted for circularly treating the inner cooling water, and the initial pH value of the inner cooling water is regulated to 8.0 by controlling the bypass circulation flow and the treatment time.
(4) Starting dynamic simulation test
The temperature of the constant temperature oil bath is set to be 80 ℃, and the electrifying current of the hollow copper wire is set to be 2A.
And starting the circulating pump, and regulating and controlling the inner cooling water to the corresponding flow rate by regulating a reflux valve of the circulating pump and a flow regulating valve.
The flow rates of the inner cooling water in the hollow copper wire are regulated to be 0.5m/s, 1m/s and 2m/s, and the dynamic simulation test of corrosion of the hollow copper wire is respectively carried out under different running flow rates.
(5) Determination of quality of internal cooling water
The cold water temperature, conductivity, DO and pH were recorded at intervals.
(6) Determination of thermal resistance of corrosion layer of hollow copper conductor test piece
And recording the flow rate of internal cooling water, the water inlet and outlet water temperature of the hollow copper wire test piece and the oil temperature of the inlet and outlet of the organic glass tube at certain time intervals.
And calculating the real-time heat transfer resistance of the hollow copper wire test piece, and subtracting the initial heat transfer resistance from the real-time heat transfer resistance to obtain the corrosion layer heat resistance of the hollow copper wire test piece.
(7) Determination of coupon Corrosion Rate and surface Properties
And after the dynamic simulation test is finished, draining the water in the coupon pool, and taking out the standard copper corrosion test piece and the corrosion observation test piece.
Removing corrosion products on the surface of the copper corrosion test piece, weighing the mass of the copper corrosion test piece, and calculating the corrosion rate of the copper corrosion test piece according to the mass of the copper corrosion test piece before and after the test and the size specification of the test piece.
And (3) observing the surface micro-morphology of the test piece by adopting SEM, and measuring the chemical composition of the surface of the test piece by adopting EDS and XPS.
Example 3
The single-factor dynamic simulation test under different electrified current conditions comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a hollow copper wire test piece:
the inner surface of a hollow copper conductor 1.1m long was cleaned with a 10% dilute sulfuric acid solution, and washed clean with demineralized water after pickling.
The hollow copper conductor is encapsulated in an organic glass tube with the length of 1m and an inlet and outlet branch pipe on the side surface by epoxy resin.
(2) Assembling a dynamic simulation test device:
as shown in figure 1, a constant temperature circulating water bath, an inner cold water tank, a circulating pump, an ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed, a flowmeter, a hanging piece pool, a hollow copper wire test piece, a constant temperature circulating oil bath and a condenser pipe are connected in sequence.
The inner cold water tank is connected with a pure nitrogen cylinder and a porous annular aerator.
On-line temperature, conductivity, DO and pH detecting elements are arranged on a return pipe of the circulating pump.
In the connection process, the flow meter, the hollow copper wire test piece and the electrode pool of the online instrument are vertically fixed.
(3) Regulating and controlling initial water quality condition of internal cooling water
The temperature of the inner cooling water constant temperature circulating water bath is set to be 40 ℃.
Open system for cooling water and O in air2The dissolution equilibrium is reached.
The method is characterized in that an ion exchange micro-alkalization RNa/ROH mixed resin bed bypass is adopted for circularly treating the inner cooling water, and the initial pH value of the inner cooling water is regulated to 8.0 by controlling the bypass circulation flow and the treatment time.
(4) Starting dynamic simulation test
The temperature of the constant temperature oil bath was set to 80 ℃.
And setting the electrifying current of the hollow copper wire to be corresponding.
And starting the circulating pump, and regulating the flow speed of the inner cooling water in the copper wire to be 1m/s by regulating a reflux valve of the circulating pump and a flow regulating valve.
The electrified current of the hollow copper wire is regulated to be 1A, 2A and 4A, and the corrosion dynamic simulation test of the hollow copper wire under different electrified current conditions is respectively carried out.
(5) Determination of quality of internal cooling water
The cold water temperature, conductivity, DO and pH were recorded at intervals.
(6) Determination of thermal resistance of corrosion layer of hollow copper conductor test piece
And recording the flow rate of internal cooling water, the water inlet and outlet water temperature of the hollow copper wire test piece and the oil temperature of the inlet and outlet of the organic glass tube at certain time intervals.
And calculating the real-time heat transfer resistance of the hollow copper wire test piece, and subtracting the initial heat transfer resistance from the real-time heat transfer resistance to obtain the corrosion layer heat resistance of the hollow copper wire test piece.
(7) Determination of coupon Corrosion Rate and surface Properties
And after the dynamic simulation test is finished, draining the water in the coupon pool, and taking out the standard copper corrosion test piece and the corrosion observation test piece.
Removing corrosion products on the surface of the copper corrosion test piece, weighing the mass of the copper corrosion test piece, and calculating the corrosion rate of the copper corrosion test piece according to the mass of the copper corrosion test piece before and after the test and the size specification of the test piece.
And (3) observing the surface micro-morphology of the test piece by adopting SEM, and measuring the chemical composition of the surface of the test piece by adopting EDS and XPS.
Example 4
The single-factor dynamic simulation test under different heat exchange strength conditions comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a hollow copper wire test piece:
the inner surface of a hollow copper conductor 1.1m long was cleaned with a 10% dilute sulfuric acid solution, and washed clean with demineralized water after pickling.
The hollow copper conductor is encapsulated in an organic glass tube with the length of 1m and an inlet and outlet branch pipe on the side surface by epoxy resin.
(2) Assembling a dynamic simulation test device:
as shown in figure 1, a constant temperature circulating water bath, an inner cold water tank, a circulating pump, an ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed, a flowmeter, a hanging piece pool, a hollow copper wire test piece, a constant temperature circulating oil bath and a condenser pipe are connected in sequence.
The inner cold water tank is connected with a pure nitrogen cylinder and a porous annular aerator.
On-line temperature, conductivity, DO and pH detecting elements are arranged on a return pipe of the circulating pump.
In the connection process, the flow meter, the hollow copper wire test piece and the electrode pool of the online instrument are vertically fixed.
(3) Regulating and controlling initial water quality condition of internal cooling water
The temperature of the inner cooling water constant temperature circulating water bath is set to be 40 ℃.
Open system for cooling water and O in air2The dissolution equilibrium is reached.
The method is characterized in that an ion exchange micro-alkalization RNa/ROH mixed resin bed bypass is adopted for circularly treating the inner cooling water, and the initial pH value of the inner cooling water is regulated to 8.0 by controlling the bypass circulation flow and the treatment time.
(4) Starting dynamic simulation test
And setting the temperature of the constant-temperature oil bath to a corresponding value.
The current of the hollow copper wire is set to be 2A.
And starting the circulating pump, and regulating the flow speed of the inner cooling water in the copper wire to be 1m/s by regulating a reflux valve of the circulating pump and a flow regulating valve.
The temperature of the constant temperature oil bath is regulated to 70 ℃, 80 ℃ and 90 ℃, and the dynamic simulation test of corrosion of the hollow copper wire is respectively carried out under the conditions of different heat exchange strengths.
(5) Determination of quality of internal cooling water
The cold water temperature, conductivity, DO and pH were recorded at intervals.
(6) Determination of thermal resistance of corrosion layer of hollow copper conductor test piece
And recording the flow rate of internal cooling water, the water inlet and outlet water temperature of the hollow copper wire test piece and the oil temperature of the inlet and outlet of the organic glass tube at certain time intervals.
And calculating the real-time heat transfer resistance of the hollow copper wire test piece, and subtracting the initial heat transfer resistance from the real-time heat transfer resistance to obtain the corrosion layer heat resistance of the hollow copper wire test piece.
(7) Determination of coupon Corrosion Rate and surface Properties
And after the dynamic simulation test is finished, draining the water in the coupon pool, and taking out the standard copper corrosion test piece and the corrosion observation test piece.
Removing corrosion products on the surface of the copper corrosion test piece, weighing the mass of the copper corrosion test piece, and calculating the corrosion rate of the copper corrosion test piece according to the mass of the copper corrosion test piece before and after the test and the size specification of the test piece.
And (3) observing the surface micro-morphology of the test piece by adopting SEM, and measuring the chemical composition of the surface of the test piece by adopting EDS and XPS.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a generator hollow copper conductor corrodes dynamic simulation test device which characterized in that: the device comprises a hollow copper wire test piece, a wire outer side oil circulation constant temperature system, a wire inner side water circulation cooling system and a pure nitrogen bottle; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the hollow copper wire test piece comprises a hollow copper wire, a sleeve sleeved outside the hollow copper wire and a low-voltage direct-current power supply connected with two ends of the hollow copper wire;
the oil circulation constant temperature system at the outer side of the lead comprises a constant temperature circulation oil bath connected with the two ends of the sleeve through pipelines;
the wire inner side water circulation cooling system comprises an inner cooling water tank and an ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed, wherein the upper part and the bottom of the inner cooling water tank are respectively connected with two ends of a hollow copper wire through pipelines, a circulating pump, a flowmeter and a hanging piece pool are sequentially installed on the pipeline connecting the bottom of the inner cooling water tank and the hollow copper wire, a backflow pipeline is further arranged at the outlet of the circulating pump and connected with the upper end of the inner cooling water tank, the ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed is connected onto the backflow pipeline, and an inner cooling water conductivity detection element, an inner cooling water DO detection element and an inner cooling water pH detection element are further arranged on the backflow pipeline;
the outlet of the pure nitrogen bottle leads pure nitrogen into the bottom in the inner cold water tank through a pipeline;
and the pipelines connected with the two ends of the sleeve and the constant-temperature circulating oil bath are respectively provided with a sleeve inlet oil temperature detection element and a sleeve outlet oil temperature detection element, and the pipelines connected with the hollow copper wire and the upper end of the inner cooling water tank are respectively provided with a hollow copper wire test piece outlet water temperature detection element.
2. The generator hollow-core copper wire corrosion dynamic simulation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device is characterized in that a constant-temperature jacket is arranged outside the inner cooling water tank, and a constant-temperature circulating water bath is further arranged on the device and is connected with the upper part and the lower part of the constant-temperature jacket through pipelines.
3. The generator hollow-core copper wire corrosion dynamic simulation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the sleeve pipe is the organic glass pipe, organic glass pipe both ends adopt epoxy to seal, the hollow copper conductor suit is inside and both ends stretch out the organic glass outside of tubes at the organic glass.
4. The generator hollow-core copper wire corrosion dynamic simulation test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: and a condensing pipe is also arranged on a pipeline connecting the upper part of the inner cooling water tank and the hollow copper wire.
5. The generator hollow-core copper wire corrosion dynamic simulation test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: and the tail end of a pipeline connected with the outlet of the pure nitrogen bottle is provided with a porous annular aerator, and the porous annular aerator is arranged at the bottom in the inner cold water tank.
6. The generator hollow-core copper wire corrosion dynamic simulation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: install III type standard red copper in the lacing film pond and corrode the lacing film and by the observation test block that does not receive the observation hollow copper wire to make, III type standard red copper corrodes the lacing film and is used for testing lacing film weightlessness rate, observe the surface morphology and the composition after the test block is used for observing being corroded.
7. The test method of the generator hollow copper conductor corrosion dynamic simulation test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
step one, preparing a hollow copper wire test piece: cleaning the inner surface of the hollow copper conductor by using 10% dilute sulfuric acid solution, washing the inner surface by using demineralized water after pickling, sleeving the prepared hollow copper conductor in a sleeve, extending two ends of the hollow copper conductor out of the sleeve, plugging two ends of the sleeve and connecting other pipelines;
step two, regulating and controlling the initial water quality condition of the inner cooling water: the initial water quality conditions of the internal cooling water comprise DO, pH and water temperature;
the method for regulating and controlling the internal cooling water DO comprises the following steps: opening an outlet of a pure nitrogen bottle, filling the pure nitrogen with a certain flow into the internal cold water, and controlling the flow and the nitrogen introducing time of the filled pure nitrogen;
the method for regulating and controlling the pH value of the inner cooling water comprises the following steps: treating the inner cold water by an ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed, and controlling the flow and the treatment time of the ion exchange micro-alkalization mixed resin bed;
the method for regulating and controlling the temperature of the internal cooling water comprises the following steps: adjusting and controlling the initial temperature of the inner cooling water by setting the temperature of the constant-temperature circulating water bath;
step three, starting a dynamic simulation test: setting a certain temperature for the constant-temperature circulating water bath, and introducing a certain current to the hollow copper wire through a low-voltage direct-current power supply;
starting a circulating pump, and regulating the flow rate of the internal cooling water in the copper wire by regulating the flow of a return pipeline at the outlet of the circulating pump;
step four, measuring the quality of the internal cooling water: recording the temperature, the conductivity, the DO and the pH of the internal cooling water at certain time intervals;
step five, measuring the thermal resistance of the corrosion layer of the hollow copper wire test piece:
recording the flow rate of internal cooling water, the water temperature of water inlet and outlet of a hollow copper wire test piece and the oil temperature of water inlet and outlet of a sleeve at certain time intervals;
calculating the real-time heat transfer resistance of the hollow copper conductor test piece according to a heat transfer resistance calculation formula of the hollow copper conductor:
in the formula:
RHTthermal resistance to heat transfer of hollow copper wire, m2·K/W；
A-external surface area of hollow copper wire, m2；
GRThe water inlet flow of the hollow copper wire test piece is kg/s;
Cp-specific heat capacity of water, J/(kg · K);
t1、t2water inlet and outlet temperatures K of the hollow copper wire test piece;
T1、T2-the temperature of the oil at the inlet and outlet of the bushing, K;
subtracting the initial heat transfer resistance when the hollow copper wire is not corroded from the real-time heat transfer resistance to obtain the corrosion layer heat resistance of the hollow copper wire test piece;
step six, determining the corrosion weight loss rate and the surface characteristics of the hanging piece:
after the dynamic simulation test is finished, evacuating the internal cooling water in the coupon pool, and taking out the III type standard red copper corrosion coupon and the corroded observation test piece;
removing corrosion products on the surface of the III type standard red copper corrosion coupon, weighing the mass of the III type standard red copper corrosion coupon, and calculating the corrosion rate of the III type standard red copper corrosion coupon according to the mass of the III type standard red copper corrosion coupon before and after the test and the size specification of a test piece;
the calculation formula of the weight loss rate of the III type standard red copper corrosion coupon is as follows:
in the formula:
υ-corrosion rate of metals, g/m2·h；
m0-mass of test piece before corrosion, g;
m is the mass g of the test piece after corrosion and corrosion product removal;
a-surface area of test piece exposed to corrosive environment, m2；
t is the time of corrosion of the test piece, h;
and (3) observing the surface micro-morphology of the test piece by adopting SEM, and measuring the chemical composition of the surface of the test piece by adopting EDS and XPS.
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