CN112857848B - Shield tunnel model test device and method capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress - Google Patents
Shield tunnel model test device and method capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress Download PDFInfo
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- CN112857848B CN112857848B CN202110044520.2A CN202110044520A CN112857848B CN 112857848 B CN112857848 B CN 112857848B CN 202110044520 A CN202110044520 A CN 202110044520A CN 112857848 B CN112857848 B CN 112857848B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of test devices, and particularly relates to a shield tunnel model test device capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress, which comprises a model box, wherein tunnel pipes are connected to two sides of the outer side wall of the model box; through the protection box, data connector and pressure sensors's setting, make the testing personnel can demonstrate according to the computer when carrying out the operation of twisting of nut that the prestressing force data carries out the control and the regulation of twisting power size, through the connecting rod, the setting of scale mark and baffle, make tunnel pipe insert the inside condition that leads to the inside collapse of filler after the filler reflect under the effect of bearing object pressure, the decline of the emergence position of the baffle can be followed in the collapse of filler, the scale mark on the testing personnel accessible connecting rod goes on descending height size's observation, make the accuracy of test data improve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of test devices, in particular to a shield tunnel model test device capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress.
Background
The shield method is a fully mechanized construction method in the construction of the subsurface excavation method, and is a mechanized construction method which advances the shield machine in the ground, prevents collapse into the tunnel by the surrounding rocks supported by the shield shell and the duct pieces, excavates the soil body in front of the excavated surface by a cutting device, transports the soil out of the tunnel by an unearthing machine, pushes the soil into the rear part by a jack under pressure, and assembles precast concrete duct pieces to form a tunnel structure.
The prior art has the following problems:
1. the tester can't detect the bolt prestressing force of the bolt tightening in-process at the in-process of carrying out the experiment, makes the difference that the degree of tightening of every bolt has the size, and the too tight damage that easily leads to the backup pad, and the too loose condition that easily takes place to become flexible causes inconvenience for the tester.
2. In the process of testing, after the tunnel tube is inserted into the filler, the collapse condition of the filler after the tunnel tube is inserted is difficult to observe due to the fact that the surface of the filler is compacted in advance, so that the collapse condition reflected by the test is not in line with the actual condition, and the test data has large deviation.
In order to solve the problems, the application provides a shield tunnel model test device capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress.
Disclosure of Invention
Objects of the invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a shield tunnel model test device capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress, which has the characteristics of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress and collapse detection.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a shield tunnel model test device capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress, which comprises a model box, wherein tunnel pipes are connected to two sides of the outer side wall of the model box, support frames are connected to two sides of the outer side wall of the model box, which are close to the lower part of the tunnel pipes, fillers are filled in the model box, the outer side wall of the tunnel pipe is connected with a protective sleeve, a support plate is connected to the lower part of the inner side wall of the tunnel pipe, a connecting pad is connected to the upper surface of the support plate, a protective box is connected to the lower surface of the support plate, which corresponds to the position of the bolt, a protective cover is rotatably connected to one side of the outer side wall of the protective box, a nut is connected to the outer side wall of the bolt, a pressure sensor is connected to the outer side wall of the bolt, which is close to the lower part of the nut, and one end of the pressure sensor is connected with a data connector.
Preferably, the height of the protecting cover is larger than the length of the exposed upper end of the bolt.
Preferably, the width of the pressure sensor is smaller than the width of the inner space of the protective box.
Preferably, one side of the lower surface of the protective cover is connected with a connecting buckle.
Preferably, the upper surface of the model box is connected with a box cover through a connecting sleeve, the upper surface of the box cover is connected with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod, which is close to the inner side of the box cover, is connected with a load bearing object, and the lower surface of the load bearing object is connected with a baffle plate.
Preferably, the outer side wall of the connecting rod is provided with scale marks.
Preferably, the number of the baffle plates is multiple, the baffle plates are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the box cover, and the length and the width of the inner space of the box cover are multiples of the length and the width of the baffle plates.
A use method of a shield tunnel model test device capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress comprises the following steps:
step one, connecting the model box and the support frame according to requirements, filling soil for simulating a shield construction site environment into the model box, compacting and standing the soil, inserting the tunnel pipe into the model box through openings on two sides of the model box and exposing the tunnel pipe from the other side;
secondly, inserting the bolt into a threaded hole formed in the support plate on the inner side of the tunnel pipe from bottom to top, sleeving the protective box above the outer side of the bolt, laying the pressure sensor on the bottom surface of the protective box, and mounting the nut through threads;
thirdly, through the connection of a data line of an external computer and the data joint at one end of the pressure sensor, in the process of screwing the nut, stress data detected by the pressure sensor can be transmitted to an AD data collecting board of the computer through the data joint for conversion and then identification;
and fourthly, dividing the pressure data detected by the pressure sensor and displayed by the computer by the surface area of the lower surface of the nut to obtain prestress data corresponding to the bolt by a tester, so that the tester can control and adjust the screwing force according to the prestress data displayed by the computer when screwing the nut.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. through the arrangement of the protection box, the data connector and the pressure sensor, a tester can insert a bolt into a threaded hole formed in a supporting plate on the inner side of a tunnel pipe from bottom to top in the process of testing, the protection box is sleeved above the outer side of the bolt, the pressure sensor is tiled on the bottom surface of the protection box and then installed with a nut through threads, a data line of an external computer is connected with the data connector at one end of the pressure sensor, the nut is screwed up, stress data detected by the pressure sensor can be transmitted to an AD data collecting plate of the computer through the data connector and then recognized, the stress data detected by the tester through the pressure sensor displayed by the computer is divided by the surface area of the lower surface of the nut to obtain prestress data corresponding to the bolt, and the tester can display the prestress data according to the computer to control and adjust the screwing force during the screwing operation of the nut.
2. Through the setting of connecting rod, scale mark and baffle, make the testing personnel at the in-process of carrying out the experiment, the bearing thing on the baffle gives the decurrent effort of baffle, makes the tunnel pipe insert the inside condition that leads to inside the collapsing of filler embody under the effect of bearing thing pressure, and the decline that the position took place for the collapsing of filler can be followed to the baffle, and the scale mark on the testing personnel's accessible connecting rod goes down the observation of height size, makes the accuracy of test data improve.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the mold box of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bolt structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the inner structure of the case cover according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the case cover according to the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a model box; 2. a tunnel pipe; 3. a support frame; 4. a filler; 5. a protective sleeve; 61. a support plate; 62. A bolt; 63. a connecting pad; 64. a protective case; 65. a nut; 66. a protective cover; 67. connecting a buckle; 68. A data connector; 69. a pressure sensor; 71. a box cover; 72. connecting sleeves; 73. a connecting rod; 74. scale lines; 75. carrying a heavy object; 76. and a baffle plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It is to be understood that these descriptions are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the shield tunnel model test device capable of adjusting and controlling the prestress of the bolt provided by the invention comprises a model box 1, tunnel tubes 2 are connected to two sides of the outer side wall of the model box 1, support frames 3 are connected to two sides of the outer side wall of the model box 1 close to the lower parts of the tunnel tubes 2, fillers 4 are filled in the model box 1, a protective sleeve 5 is connected to the outer side wall of the tunnel tubes 2, a support plate 61 is connected to the lower part of the inner side wall of the tunnel tubes 2, a connecting pad 63 is connected to the upper surface of the support plate 61, a bolt 62 is connected to the lower surface of the support plate 61, a protective box 64 is connected to the upper surface of the support plate 61 corresponding to the bolt 62, a protective cover 66 is rotatably connected to one side of the outer side wall of the protective box 64, a nut 65 is connected to the inner side of the outer side wall of the bolt 62 close to the protective box 64, a pressure sensor 69 is connected to the outer side of the bolt 62 close to the nut 65, and a data connector 68 is connected to one end of the pressure sensor 69.
In this embodiment, in order to solve the in-process that the experimenter is carrying out the experiment, can't detect the bolt 62 prestressing force of the in-process of screwing up bolt 62, make the difference that there is the size in the degree of screwing up of every bolt 62, the easy damage that leads to backup pad 61 of tension, the condition that easily takes place to become flexible of tension, causes inconvenient problem for the experimenter.
As shown in fig. 1-3, during the process of the experiment, the tester inserts the bolt 62 into the threaded hole formed on the support plate 61 inside the tunnel tube 2 from bottom to top, the protective box 64 is sleeved on the outer side of the bolt 62, the pressure sensor 69 is laid on the bottom surface of the protective box 64 and then the nut 65 is installed through the threads, the data line of the external computer is connected with the data connector 68 at one end of the pressure sensor 69, so that during the screwing process of the nut 65, the stress data detected by the pressure sensor 69 can be transmitted to the AD data collecting plate of the computer through the data connector 68 and then recognized, the tester can obtain the prestress data corresponding to the bolt 62 by dividing the pressure data detected by the pressure sensor 69 displayed by the computer by the surface area of the lower surface of the nut 65, so that the tester can control and adjust the screwing force according to the prestress data displayed by the computer when the nut 65 is screwed.
In the embodiment, in order to solve the problem that, in the process of performing the test by the tester, after the tunnel tube 2 is inserted into the filler 4, the collapse condition of the filler 4 after the tunnel tube 2 is inserted is difficult to observe due to the pre-compaction of the surface of the filler 4, so that the collapse condition reflected by the test is not in line with the actual condition, and the test data has a large deviation.
As shown in fig. 4-5, in the process of performing the test, the weight 75 on the baffle 76 applies a downward force to the baffle 76, so that the collapse of the inside of the filler 4 after the tunnel pipe 2 is inserted into the filler 4 is reflected under the pressure of the weight 75, the baffle 76 can descend along with the collapse of the filler, and the tester can perform the observation of the descending height through the scale marks 74 on the connecting rods 73, so that the accuracy of the test data is improved.
The number of the baffles 76 is plural, and the length and width dimension is a multiple of the length and width dimension of the inner space of the protecting cover 66, so that the plurality of baffles 76 laid on the inner side of the protecting cover 66 can detect the collapse of the upper surface of the filler 4 at each position.
In the present embodiment, in order that the exposed length of the bolt 62 does not hinder the normal movement of the protecting cover 66, the height of the protecting cover 66 is larger than the exposed length of the upper end of the bolt 62.
In order that the pressure sensor 69 does not obstruct the protective cover 66 and the protective box 64 from being fitted to each other, the width of the pressure sensor 69 is smaller than the width of the inner space of the protective box 64.
In order to further fasten the protective cover 66 and the protective box 64 to each other, a connecting buckle 67 is connected to a lower surface side of the protective cover 66.
In order to visually observe the collapse condition of the filler 4, the upper surface of the model box 1 is connected with a box cover 71 through a connecting sleeve 72, the upper surface of the box cover 71 is connected with a connecting rod 73, one end of the connecting rod 73 close to the inner side of the box cover 71 is connected with a weight bearing 75, and the lower surface of the weight bearing 75 is connected with a baffle 76.
In order to visually observe the height of the sliding of the connecting rod 73, the outer side wall of the connecting rod 73 is further provided with scale marks 74.
In order to make the plurality of baffle plates 76 spread closely on the surface of the filler 4, it is further preferable that the number of baffle plates 76 is plural, and the plurality of baffle plates 76 are uniformly distributed inside the box cover 71, and the length and width of the inner space of the box cover 71 are each a multiple of the length and width of the baffle plates 76.
The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows:
step one, connecting a model box 1 and a support frame 3 according to requirements, filling a soil body simulating a shield construction site environment into the model box 1, compacting and standing the soil body, inserting a tunnel pipe 2 into the model box 1 through openings on two sides of the model box 1 and exposing the tunnel pipe from the other side;
step two, inserting the bolt 62 into a threaded hole formed in a support plate 61 on the inner side of the tunnel tube 2 from bottom to top, sleeving a protection box 64 above the outer side of the bolt 62, flatly laying the pressure sensor 69 on the bottom surface of the protection box 64, and then installing the nut 65 through threads;
thirdly, through the connection of a data line of an external computer and a data connector 68 at one end of the pressure sensor 69, in the process of screwing the nut 65, stress data detected by the pressure sensor 69 can be transmitted to an AD data collecting board of the computer through the data connector 68 for conversion and identification;
step four, the tester can divide the pressure data detected by the pressure sensor 69 displayed by the computer by the surface area of the lower surface of the nut 65 to obtain the prestress data corresponding to the bolt 62, so that the tester can control and adjust the screwing force according to the prestress data displayed by the computer when screwing the nut 65;
step five, in the process of testing by the tester, the weight bearing 75 on the baffle 76 applies a downward acting force to the baffle 76, so that the situation that the inside of the filler 4 collapses after the tunnel pipe 2 is inserted into the filler 4 is reflected under the action of the pressure of the weight bearing 75, the baffle 76 can descend along with the collapse of the filler, and the tester can observe the descending height through the scale marks 74 on the connecting rods 73, so that the accuracy of test data is improved.
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.
Claims (5)
1. The shield tunnel model test device capable of adjusting and controlling the prestress of the bolt comprises a model box (1), tunnel tubes (2) are connected to two sides of the outer side wall of the model box (1), support frames (3) are connected to two sides of the outer side wall of the model box (1) close to the lower portion of each tunnel tube (2), fillers (4) are filled in the model box (1), and a protective sleeve (5) is connected to the outer side wall of each tunnel tube (2), and is characterized in that a support plate (61) is connected to the lower portion of the inner side wall of each tunnel tube (2), a connecting pad (63) is connected to the upper surface of each support plate (61), a bolt (62) is connected to the lower surface of each support plate (61), a protective box (64) is connected to the upper surface of each support plate (61) corresponding to the position of the bolt (62), a protective cover (66) is rotatably connected to one side of the outer side wall of each protective box (64), a nut (65) is connected to the outer side wall of each bolt (62) close to the inner side of each protective box (64), a pressure sensor (69) is connected to the lower portion of the outer side of each nut (65), and one end of each pressure sensor (69) is connected with a data joint (68);
the upper surface of the model box (1) is connected with a box cover (71) through a connecting sleeve (72), the upper surface of the box cover (71) is connected with a connecting rod (73), one end, close to the inner side of the box cover (71), of the connecting rod (73) is connected with a weight bearing object (75), and the lower surface of the weight bearing object (75) is connected with a baffle plate (76);
the outer side wall of the connecting rod (73) is provided with scale marks (74);
the number of the baffle plates (76) is multiple, the baffle plates (76) are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the box cover (71), and the length and the width of the inner space of the box cover (71) are multiples of the length and the width of the baffle plates (76).
2. The shield tunnel model test device capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress according to claim 1, wherein the height of the protection cover (66) is larger than the length of the exposed upper end of the bolt (62).
3. The adjustable bolt prestress control shield tunnel model test device of claim 1, wherein the width of said pressure sensor (69) is smaller than the width of the inner space of said protection box (64).
4. The shield tunnel model test device capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress according to claim 1, wherein a connecting buckle (67) is connected to one side of the lower surface of the protecting cover (66).
5. The use method of the shield tunnel model test device capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress according to claim 1, comprising the following steps:
firstly, connecting the model box (1) and the support frame (3) according to requirements, filling soil for simulating a shield construction site environment into the model box (1), compacting and standing the soil, inserting the tunnel pipe (2) into the model box (1) through openings on two sides of the model box (1) and exposing the tunnel pipe from the other side;
secondly, inserting the bolt (62) into a threaded hole formed in the support plate (61) on the inner side of the tunnel pipe (2) from bottom to top, sleeving the protective box (64) above the outer side of the bolt (62), flatly laying the pressure sensor (69) on the bottom surface of the protective box (64), and then mounting the nut (65) through threads;
thirdly, through the connection of a data line of an external computer and the data joint (68) at one end of the pressure sensor (69), in the process of screwing the nut (65), stress data detected by the pressure sensor (69) can be transmitted to an AD data collecting board of the computer through the data joint (68) for recognition after conversion;
and fourthly, dividing the pressure data detected by the pressure sensor (69) displayed by the computer by the surface area of the lower surface of the nut (65) by the tester to obtain prestress data corresponding to the bolt (62), so that the tester can control and adjust the screwing force according to the prestress data displayed by the computer when screwing the nut (65).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110044520.2A CN112857848B (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2021-01-13 | Shield tunnel model test device and method capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110044520.2A CN112857848B (en) | 2021-01-13 | 2021-01-13 | Shield tunnel model test device and method capable of adjusting and controlling bolt prestress |
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| CN112857848B true CN112857848B (en) | 2023-03-03 |
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2021
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| CN201247115Y (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2009-05-27 | 山东大学 | Minitype pre-stress anchorage cable for model experiment |
| EP3040701A2 (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-07-06 | RWE Innogy GmbH | Method for monitoring or checking the screw bolt pretension at dynamically stressed screwed connections |
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