CN112857732A - Method for quickly closing shock tunnel throat - Google Patents
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- CN112857732A CN112857732A CN202110258812.6A CN202110258812A CN112857732A CN 112857732 A CN112857732 A CN 112857732A CN 202110258812 A CN202110258812 A CN 202110258812A CN 112857732 A CN112857732 A CN 112857732A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly closing a throat of a shock tunnel, which is characterized in that a driven section is connected with a spray pipe through a quick valve section; under the action of the spring, the piston block is kept at the leftmost end of the quick valve section; after the test is started, the driven section diaphragm is broken, and stable high-temperature high-pressure test gas is formed at the downstream pipe section, the quick valve section and the inlet of the spray pipe of the driven section; the pressure in the left cavity rises, and a rightward acting force is formed on the left end face of the piston block; because the pressure-bearing area towards the right is larger than that towards the left, the valve rod and the valve core are driven to move towards the right in an accelerated manner, and the distance between the valve core and the throat of the spray pipe is gradually close until the valve core is closed; and starting the air tunnel emptying process, and reopening the throat of the spray pipe. The invention can prevent high-pressure driving gas flowing out of effective test gas from scouring the test model and the test sensor positioned at the outlet of the spray pipe, and can also prevent the throat and the test model of the spray pipe from being damaged by the falling of the valve of the diaphragm at the driven section.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hypersonic test equipment, in particular to a method for quickly closing a throat of a shock tunnel.
Background
The shock tunnel is a pulse type tunnel which utilizes shock waves to compress test gas and generates hypersonic test airflow through a steady expansion method. The shock tunnel is usually composed of a driving section, a driven section, a spray pipe, a test section and other sections in sequence. The driving section and the driven section are separated from the spraying pipe by membranes respectively, the driving section is filled with high-pressure driving gas, the driven section is filled with test gas with lower pressure, the spraying pipe and the test section are pumped into a vacuum simulated air environment, and the test model is positioned in the test section at the outlet of the spraying pipe.
After the diaphragm of the driving section is instantaneously broken, because of huge pressure difference between the driving section and the driven section, the high-pressure driving gas of the driving section can push the low-pressure test gas of the driven section, and an incident shock wave which propagates downstream is generated in the driven section to enable the pressure, the temperature and the speed of the initial test gas to jump, and the diaphragm (a second membrane) between the driven section and the spray pipe is broken; the incident shock wave generates a reflection shock wave at the inlet of the spray pipe, and the test gas is compressed again, so that the pressure and the temperature of the test gas jump again, and the speed is basically stopped. After the test gas is compressed by two shock waves of an incident shock wave and a reflected shock wave, high-temperature and high-pressure stagnation test gas with short airflow length is generated at the inlet of the spray pipe. The high-temperature high-pressure test gas is expanded and accelerated through the spray pipe, and high-Mach-number test gas flow is obtained at the outlet of the spray pipe.
After the initial test gas in the driven section is repeatedly compressed by the shock wave, the pressure generally has a great jump of tens of times or even hundreds of times, so that the length of the high-temperature and high-pressure stagnation test gas generated at the inlet of the spray pipe is very short, and the expanded drive gas is used thereafter. For the shock tunnel, only high-temperature and high-pressure stagnation test gas is effective gas required by the test. After the test gas in the conventional shock tunnel flows out, more high-pressure driving gas is blown onto the test model through the spray pipe in an accelerated manner, the pressure is higher, the duration is longer, and the service life of a test sensor on the test model is shortened seriously.
In addition, the shock tunnel driving section diaphragm is easy to generate slag and even flap drop under the action of reciprocating oscillation airflow pressure after being cracked and opened instantly, and the diaphragm residue moves downstream at a high speed along with driving gas, so that the throat and a test model are easy to damage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the related art, the invention provides a method for quickly closing a throat of a shock tunnel, so as to overcome the technical problems in the prior related art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for rapidly closing a shock tunnel throat comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing before testing, namely, firstly installing a spring in a piston cylinder, then installing a piston block in the piston cylinder, enabling a valve rod at one end of the piston block to penetrate through one end of the piston cylinder in a sliding manner, selecting a throttling throat block to be installed at one end of a flow guide block, and plugging one end of the piston cylinder through the flow guide block; then the piston cylinder is arranged in the fast valve section through a supporting radial plate, an adjusting strip I and an adjusting strip II, and finally the driven section is connected with the spray pipe through the fast valve section; after the preparation is finished, under the action of a spring, a piston block at one end of the valve rod is kept at the leftmost end of the quick valve section;
s2, after the test is started, the driven section diaphragm is broken, and stable high-temperature high-pressure test gas is formed at the downstream pipe section, the quick valve section and the nozzle inlet of the driven section;
s3, enabling the high-temperature and high-pressure test gas to sequentially pass through the middle through hole of the flow guide block and the throttle throat block to enter the left cavity of the piston cylinder, and enabling the internal pressure of the left cavity to rise to form a rightward acting force on the left end face of the piston block; meanwhile, the valve core presses the valve rod to generate a leftward acting force;
s4, as the pressure-bearing area to the right is larger than the pressure-bearing area to the left, the acting force to the right on the valve rod gradually overcomes the total acting force to the left along with the advance of time, and drives the valve rod and the valve core to move to the right in an accelerated way, and the distance between the valve core and the throat of the spray pipe is gradually close;
s5, when the effective experimental gas flows out, the valve core and the throat of the spray pipe are completely contacted and compressed, and the subsequent driving gas is sealed in the shock tube;
s6, starting a wind tunnel emptying process, gradually emptying the driving gas required to flow away from the shock tube, gradually lowering the pressure of the shock tube, driving the valve core to move leftwards by the valve rod under the action of the compressed gas in the cavity on the right side of the piston cylinder and the action force of the spring until the valve core returns to an initial state, re-opening the throat of the spray tube, and quickly entering the test section by the residual low-pressure driving gas in the shock tube through the throat of the spray tube, thereby realizing the quick closing and re-opening of the throat of the shock tunnel.
Further, the total force to the left in S4 includes the pneumatic force inside the right cavity, the elastic force of the spring, and the pushing force of the valve core.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method for quickly closing the throat of the shock tunnel is mainly used for quickly closing the throat inlet after the effective test gas of the reflection-type shock tunnel flows out, so that the high-pressure drive gas flowing out of the effective test gas can be prevented from scouring a test model and a test sensor which are positioned at the outlet of a spray pipe, and the throat and the test model of the spray pipe can be prevented from being damaged by the fact that a diaphragm of a driven section falls off.
2. According to the method for rapidly closing the shock tunnel throat, provided by the invention, the pressure in the area is sharply increased by tens of times after the test gas is repeatedly compressed by the shock tube, the force for driving the valve rod and the valve core to move rightwards is very large, the moving parts only comprise the valve rod and the valve core, the moving parts are light in weight and rapid in acceleration, and millisecond-level rapid closing can be realized.
3. When the method for quickly closing the throat of the shock tunnel is implemented, the left end pressure change process of the piston block can be controlled by selecting the throttle throat blocks with different flow coefficients, and the acceleration processes of the valve rod and the valve core are adjusted so as to adapt to different requirements on the closing time of the throat.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a quick valve section according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion a of fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a driven segment; 2. a fast valve section; 3. a nozzle; 4. a flow guide block; 5. a throttle throat block; 6. a piston cylinder; 7. supporting the web; 8. a valve stem; 9. a valve core; 10. a driven section diaphragm; 11. adjusting strips I; 12. adjusting strips II; 13. a seal member I; 14. a seal member II; 15. a spring; 16. a piston block; a. a left cavity; b. and a right cavity.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention,
referring to fig. 1-2, a method for rapidly closing a throat of a shock tunnel includes the following steps:
s1, preparing before testing, namely firstly installing a spring 15 in a piston cylinder 6, then installing a piston block 16 in the piston cylinder 6, enabling a valve rod 8 at one end of the piston block 16 to penetrate through one end of the piston cylinder 6 in a sliding manner, selecting a throttling throat block 5 to be installed at one end of a flow guide block 4, and plugging one end of the piston cylinder 6 through the flow guide block 4; then the piston cylinder 6 is arranged inside the quick valve section 2 through the supporting web plate 7, the adjusting bar I11 and the adjusting bar II 12, and finally the driven section 1 and the spray pipe 3 are connected through the quick valve section 2; after the preparation is completed, under the action of the spring 15, the piston block 16 at one end of the valve rod 8 is kept at the leftmost end of the quick valve section 2;
s2, after the test is started, the driven section diaphragm 10 is broken, and stable high-temperature high-pressure test gas is formed at the downstream pipe section of the driven section 1, the quick valve section 2 and the inlet of the spray pipe 3;
s3, enabling the high-temperature and high-pressure test gas to sequentially pass through the middle through hole of the flow guide block 4 and the throttle throat block 5 to enter the left cavity a of the piston cylinder 6, increasing the internal pressure of the left cavity a, and forming a rightward acting force on the left end face of the piston block 16; meanwhile, the valve core 9 presses the valve rod 8 to generate acting force towards the left;
s4, as the pressure-bearing area to the right is larger than the pressure-bearing area to the left, the acting force to the right on the valve rod 8 gradually overcomes the total acting force to the left along with the advance of time, and drives the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9 to move to the right in an accelerated way, and the distance between the valve core 9 and the throat of the spray pipe 3 gradually approaches;
s5, when the effective experimental gas flows out, the valve core 9 and the throat of the spray pipe 3 are completely contacted and pressed, and the subsequent driving gas is sealed in the shock tube;
s6, starting a wind tunnel emptying process, gradually emptying the driving gas required to flow away from the shock tube, gradually lowering the pressure of the shock tube, driving the valve core 9 to move leftwards by the valve rod 8 under the action of the compressed gas in the cavity b on the right side of the piston cylinder 6 and the spring 15 until the valve core returns to the initial state, re-opening the throat of the spray pipe 3, and quickly entering the test section by the residual low-pressure driving gas in the shock tube through the throat of the spray pipe 3, so that the rapid closing and re-opening of the throat of the shock tube are realized in the above process.
In practice, the total force to the left in S4 includes the pneumatic force inside the right cavity b, the elastic force of the spring 15, and the pushing force of the valve element 9.
Specifically, a plurality of trapezoidal grooves of falling have been seted up on the inner wall of quick valve section 2, and each falls equal slidable mounting in the trapezoidal groove and has supported radials 7, straight slot has been seted up on the outer wall of piston cylinder 6, the opposite side slidable mounting that supports radials 7 is in straight slot. And a sealing element I13 is arranged in the sliding hole, and a sealing element II 14 is arranged on the side surface of the piston block 16.
Specifically, the driven section 1 is a downstream pipe section of the shock tube, the interior of the driven section is a cylindrical cavity, initial low-pressure test gas is filled into the cavity during the test, high-temperature high-pressure test gas is formed in the downstream pipe section after the test is started, and the downstream end is fixedly connected with the quick valve section 2 and the spray pipe 3 through a film clamping mechanism; the interior of the quick valve section 2 is a cylindrical cavity, the inner diameter of the quick valve section is consistent with that of the driven section 1, through grooves which are uniformly distributed along the circumference are formed in the axial direction of the inner wall, the cross section of each groove is in an inverted trapezoid shape and is used for mounting a supporting radial plate 7, an adjusting strip I11 and an adjusting strip II 11, and the number of the grooves is the same as that of the supporting radial plate 7; the nozzle 3 is a section for accelerating the constant expansion of gas and has an axisymmetric type contraction and expansion nozzle structure, and the throat of the nozzle 3 is positioned near an inlet; the flow guide block 4 is of an axisymmetric structure, is coaxial with the piston cylinder 6, is fixed at the left end of the piston cylinder 6 through threads, is conical in shape, is provided with a through hole in the middle, is provided with internal threads at the right end of the through hole, and is in threaded connection with external threads of the throttle throat block 5; the throttle throat block 5 is of an axisymmetric structure, and a contraction and expansion type hole is processed inside the throttle throat block and is used for adjusting the air inlet flow; the piston cylinder 6 is generally cylindrical and is coaxial with the quick valve section 2, non-penetrating grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumference in the axial direction of the outer wall and used for mounting a supporting radial plate 7, the number of the grooves is the same as that of the supporting radial plate 7, and internal threads are processed at the left end and are in threaded connection with external threads of the flow guide block 4; the supporting radial plates 7 are of rectangular flat plate structures, are fixedly installed in corresponding grooves of the flow guide blocks 4 and the quick valve sections 2, are used for supporting the flow guide blocks 4 to enable the flow guide blocks to be coaxial with the quick valve sections 2, are more than or equal to 3 in number, and are uniformly distributed along the circumference.
The piston block 16 is provided with a sealing groove for installing a sealing element II 14 to enable the piston block 16 and the piston cylinder 6 to be in sliding sealing, the valve rod 8 is inserted into a sliding hole formed in the right end of the piston cylinder 6 and is in sliding sealing with the sliding hole through a sealing element I13, and the right end of the valve rod 8 is provided with an internal thread which is in threaded connection with an external thread of the valve core 9; the valve core 9 and the valve rod 8 are coaxial and have a blunt end short handle structure, the short handle at the left end is processed with external threads and is in threaded connection with the internal threads at the right end of the valve core 9, the right end has a blunt bulb structure and is used for plugging the throat of the spray pipe 3, and the diameter of the blunt end bottom of the blunt bulb is larger than the throat of the spray pipe 3; the driven section diaphragm 10 is of a flat-plate type rupture disc structure, is arranged between the quick valve section 2 and the spray pipe 3, and is used for dividing a test gas filling area and a vacuum area before a test. The adjusting strip I11 is of a long strip rod structure, the cross section of the rod is inverted trapezoid, and the adjusting strip I11 is installed at the right end of the groove of the quick valve section 2 and used for limiting the supporting radial plate 7 to move rightwards; the adjusting strip II 12 is arranged at the left end of the groove of the quick valve section 2 and is used for limiting the support radial plate 7 to move leftwards; the spring 15 is a cylindrical compression spring, and is installed in a closed cavity (right cavity b) formed by the valve rod 8 and the piston cylinder 6, so that the initial state of the valve rod 8 is always positioned at the leftmost end of the piston cylinder 6, and the throat is in an open state.
The working principle is as follows: the movement of the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9 is mainly driven by the resultant force of the left pressure of the valve rod 8, the surrounding pressure of the valve core 9, the pressure between the valve rod 8 and the closed cavity of the piston cylinder 6, the spring force between the valve rod 8 and the piston cylinder 6 and the friction force. The pressure between the valve rod 8 and the closed cavity of the piston cylinder 6, the spring force between the valve rod 8 and the piston cylinder 6 and the friction force are relatively small, and the throat can be in an open state only by resisting the initial test pressure; when the test gas is repeatedly compressed by the shock tube, the pressure in the area at one end of the front end of the throat is rapidly increased, and the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9 inevitably move rightwards in an accelerated manner to close the throat due to the difference of the pressure-bearing area of the valve rod 8. Therefore, closing the throat is inevitable. And because the test gas is repeatedly compressed by the shock tube, the pressure in the area is sharply increased by tens of times, the force for driving the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9 to move rightwards is very large, and the moving parts only comprise the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9, so that the moving parts are light in weight and rapid in acceleration, and millisecond-level rapid closing can be realized.
In conclusion, the method for quickly closing the throat of the shock tunnel provided by the invention is mainly used for quickly closing the inlet of the throat after the effective test gas of the reflection-type shock tunnel flows out, so that the high-pressure drive gas flowing out of the effective test gas can be prevented from scouring the test model and the test sensor positioned at the outlet of the spray pipe, and the possibly-generated flap of the membrane 10 at the driven section can be prevented from damaging the throat and the test model of the spray pipe 3. In practice, the rigidity and the compression amount of the spring 15 can be adjusted to adapt to test gases with different initial pressures; the left end pressure change process of the piston block can be controlled by adjusting the throttle throat block 5 with different flow coefficients, and the acceleration processes of the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9 are adjusted to adapt to different throat closing time requirements; the initial distance between the valve rod 8 and the valve core 9 and the throat can be adjusted by adjusting the adjusting strip I11 and the adjusting strip II 12, and the use is very convenient. Therefore, the method for quickly closing the shock tunnel throat has the advantages of quickness, reliability, flexibility and strong adaptability.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (2)
1. A method for quickly closing a shock tunnel throat is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing before testing, namely firstly installing a spring (15) in a piston cylinder (6), then installing a piston block (16) in the piston cylinder (6), enabling a valve rod (8) at one end of the piston block (16) to penetrate through one end of the piston cylinder (6) in a sliding mode, selecting a throttling throat block (5) to be installed at one end of a flow guide block (4), and plugging one end of the piston cylinder (6) through the flow guide block (4); then the piston cylinder (6) is arranged inside the quick valve section (2) through a supporting radial plate (7), an adjusting bar I (11) and an adjusting bar II (12), and finally the driven section (1) and the spray pipe (3) are connected through the quick valve section (2); after the preparation is finished, a piston block (16) at one end of the valve rod (8) is kept at the leftmost end of the quick valve section (2) under the action of a spring (15);
s2, after the test is started, the driven section diaphragm (10) is broken, and stable high-temperature and high-pressure test gas is formed at the downstream pipe section of the driven section (1), the quick valve section (2) and the inlet of the spray pipe (3);
s3, enabling the high-temperature and high-pressure test gas to sequentially pass through the middle through hole of the flow guide block (4) and the throttling throat block (5) to enter the left cavity (a) of the piston cylinder (6), increasing the internal pressure of the left cavity (a), and forming a rightward acting force on the left end face of the piston block (16); meanwhile, the valve core (9) presses the valve rod (8) to generate a leftward acting force;
s4, as the pressure-bearing area to the right is larger than the pressure-bearing area to the left, the acting force to the right on the valve rod (8) gradually overcomes the total acting force to the left along with the advance of time, and drives the valve rod (8) and the valve core (9) to move to the right in an accelerated way, and the distance between the valve core (9) and the throat of the spray pipe (3) gradually approaches;
s5, when the effective experimental gas flows out, the valve core (9) and the throat of the spray pipe (3) are completely contacted and pressed, and the driving gas is sealed in the shock tube;
s6, starting a wind tunnel emptying process, gradually emptying the driving gas required to flow away in the shock tube, gradually lowering the pressure of the shock tube, driving the valve core (9) to move leftwards by the valve rod (8) under the action of the compressed gas in the cavity (b) on the right side of the piston cylinder (6) and the spring (15) until the valve core returns to the initial state, re-opening the throat of the spray pipe (3), and quickly entering the test section by the residual low-pressure driving gas in the shock tube through the throat of the spray pipe (3), so that the rapid closing and re-opening of the throat of the shock tunnel are realized.
2. The method for rapidly closing the throat of the shock tunnel according to claim 1, wherein the total force to the left in S4 comprises the pneumatic force inside the right cavity (b), the elastic force of the spring (15) and the thrust of the valve core (9).
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| CN202110258812.6A CN112857732B (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2021-03-10 | Method for quickly closing shock tunnel throat |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113405758A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-17 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Vertical ejection scaling test device based on high-pressure air construction |
| CN113432823A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-24 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Polyester film clamping device |
| CN113916492A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-01-11 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Diaphragm-free shock tunnel throat device and test method thereof |
| CN118008917A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-10 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Control device and method for pipe wind tunnel driving piston |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113405758A (en) * | 2021-06-09 | 2021-09-17 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Vertical ejection scaling test device based on high-pressure air construction |
| CN113432823A (en) * | 2021-06-22 | 2021-09-24 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Polyester film clamping device |
| CN113916492A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-01-11 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Diaphragm-free shock tunnel throat device and test method thereof |
| CN113916492B (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-02-25 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心超高速空气动力研究所 | Diaphragm-free shock tunnel throat device and test method thereof |
| CN118008917A (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-05-10 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Control device and method for pipe wind tunnel driving piston |
| CN118008917B (en) * | 2024-03-28 | 2024-06-04 | 中国航空工业集团公司沈阳空气动力研究所 | Control device and method for pipe wind tunnel driving piston |
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| CN112857732B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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