CN112855449B - Semi-submersible offshore wind energy and wave energy combined power generation device - Google Patents

Semi-submersible offshore wind energy and wave energy combined power generation device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112855449B
CN112855449B CN202110270954.4A CN202110270954A CN112855449B CN 112855449 B CN112855449 B CN 112855449B CN 202110270954 A CN202110270954 A CN 202110270954A CN 112855449 B CN112855449 B CN 112855449B
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China
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power generation
semi
submersible
submersible platform
floater
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CN112855449A (en
Inventor
曹飞飞
韩蒙
史宏达
黎明
刘臻
江小强
赵致磊
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Ocean University of China
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Ocean University of China
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/008—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations the wind motor being combined with water energy converters, e.g. a water turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05B2220/707—Application in combination with an electrical generator of the linear type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a semi-submersible offshore wind energy and wave energy combined power generation device, which comprises: a semi-submersible platform system floating on the sea surface; the wind power generation system and the plurality of oscillating floater power generation systems are arranged on the semi-submersible platform system; the power transmission system collects the power generated by the wind power generation system and the oscillating floater power generation system and then stores or transmits the collected power; a semi-submersible platform system is provided with: the semi-submersible platform is provided with a wind power generation system on the upper surface and an oscillating floater power generation system on the outer side surface; and a plurality of catenary lines respectively connecting the seabed with each corner of the semi-submersible platform. According to the invention, the offshore wind turbine and the wave energy device can share the supporting platform and the power transmission system, the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the power consumption cost is reduced.

Description

Semi-submersible type offshore wind energy and wave energy combined power generation device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of offshore wind power generation and wave power generation, and particularly relates to a semi-submersible offshore wind energy and wave energy combined power generation device.
Background
With the gradual depletion of fossil energy, new ocean energy represented by offshore wind energy and wave energy has attracted much attention. The wave energy power generation has the advantages of convenience in installation and simplicity in operation, and the commercial duty ratio of the wave energy power generation is improved year by year. China has abundant offshore wind energy reserves, and the offshore wind power technology is rapidly developed. Sea wind and sea waves have obvious correlation, the sea wind is a main external factor causing sea surface fluctuation, and when the sea wind sweeps over the sea surface, the sea surface is subjected to the action of the friction force of air and the atmospheric pressure to generate fluctuation, so that huge, permanent and environment-friendly energy is generated. The sea area with rich wind energy also has considerable wave energy resources, and if the kinetic energy of sea waves is collected and converted into electric energy to be fully utilized, the world energy has a quite wide and bright prospect.
At present, the offshore wind turbine technology is mature, and can be divided into a fixed type and a floating type according to different foundation forms, wherein the fixed type foundation comprises a single pile type, a gravity type, a jacket type and the like, and the floating type foundation comprises a semi-submersible type, a tension leg type, a barge type and the like. The floating foundation can overcome the problem of seabed geological conditions, and is deployed to deep and open sea areas far away from fishery areas and tourist areas and rich in wind energy resources. Meanwhile, the floating foundation does not need to consider the tidal range problem, and is more suitable for being combined with a wave energy device. Particularly, the semi-submersible floating type foundation has larger initial stability and high degree, good stability, wide applicable water depth range and very convenient construction and transportation, and is the main development flow of the floating type offshore wind turbine in the future.
In addition, the wave energy power generation device has various forms, and the oscillating float type wave energy device has high conversion efficiency and simple structure and is widely researched. The closer the wave period of the wave field is to the resonance period of the wave energy device, the higher the efficiency of capturing wave energy is, but the influence of the factors such as monsoon and tidal current on the same wave field period also changes greatly every month, so how to change the resonance period of the wave energy device to adapt to the wave field period to increase the power generation efficiency is an urgent problem to be solved in the field of wave energy research.
Disclosure of Invention
The problems to be solved by the invention are as follows:
in view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a semi-submersible offshore wind energy and wave energy combined power generation device, which enables an offshore wind turbine and a wave energy device to share a support platform and a power transmission system, improves energy utilization efficiency, and reduces power consumption cost.
The technical means for solving the problems are as follows:
the invention provides a semi-submersible offshore wind energy and wave energy combined power generation device, which comprises:
a semi-submersible platform system floating on the sea surface;
a wind power generation system and a plurality of oscillating floater power generation systems mounted on the semi-submersible platform system; and
the power transmission system collects the power generated by the wind power generation system and the oscillating floater power generation system and then stores or transmits the collected power;
the semi-submersible platform system is provided with:
the upper surface of the semi-submersible platform is provided with the wind power generation system, and the outer side surface of the semi-submersible platform is provided with the oscillating floater power generation system; and
and the plurality of catenary lines are respectively connected with the seabed and each corner of the semi-submersible platform.
By means of the semi-submersible platform system, the semi-submersible platform system floats on the sea surface, the wind power generation system works under the action of sea wind to continuously convert wind energy into electric energy, meanwhile, the oscillating floater power generation system also works under the action of waves generated by sea wind to continuously convert wave energy into electric energy, and then the electric energy and the electric energy generated by the wind power generation system are collected to a matched electric power transmission system together, so that the energy utilization efficiency can be greatly improved through one set of system, and the electricity consumption cost can be reduced.
In the present invention, the wind turbine generator system may include: the fixed base is arranged on the semi-submersible platform; the fan tower drum is vertically fixed on the fixed base; the engine room is mounted at the top end of the fan tower; a power generation unit mounted inside the nacelle; and a plurality of fan blades mounted to the nacelle tip.
With the aid of the wind power generation system, under the action of sea wind, the fan blades continuously rotate around the engine room to drive the power generation unit in the engine room to convert wind energy into electric energy, the electric energy is input into the storage battery through the power transmission system or is output to land through the submarine cable for use, and the conversion of the wind energy is realized.
In the present invention, the semi-submersible platform may include: a plurality of circular columns having a plurality of oscillating float power generation systems mounted on the outer surface thereof, the plurality of circular columns being arranged at intervals; and a plurality of pontoon members connecting the tops and bottoms of two adjacent circular columns; the pontoon members connected to the top of the circular column extend from the top of the circular column to the semi-submersible platform central region and form a circular platform for mounting the wind power system; the pontoon members connecting the bottoms of the circular columns are formed in a flat ring-shaped structure.
By means of the semi-submersible platform system, the structure is simple, the semi-submersible platform system is convenient to manufacture, and no tubular joint or cross brace is arranged, so that on one hand, the whole size is reduced, and meanwhile, the high stability is kept, on the other hand, the problems of blocking loss and the like caused by waves hitting on the cross brace structure are solved, and the semi-submersible platform system is beneficial to capturing more wave energy.
When the semi-submersible platform floats on the sea, the bottom of the semi-submersible platform is submerged, the contact area of the semi-submersible platform and the water surface is only the sectional area of the plurality of circular columns which are distributed at intervals, and the floating bridge member at the bottom of the semi-submersible platform forms a flat annular structure, so that the whole structure has higher initial stability height and larger moment of inertia, and good stability is achieved, and the wind power generation system arranged on the circular platform of the floating bridge member at the top and the oscillating floater power generation system arranged on the circular columns can be powerfully guaranteed to normally work. In addition, when waves pass through, a wave gathering effect is generated between the circular upright columns and is not influenced by the shielding of the platform, and the waves are large, so that the efficiency of the oscillating floater power generation system is improved, and the efficient conversion of wind energy and wave energy is realized. In addition, the semi-submersible platform system is not affected by the tidal range, the relative draft height change is small, the oscillating floater power generation system carried on the semi-submersible platform system can work in all weather, the working efficiency can be further improved, and the structural uniformity and the reliability of the combined power generation device are effectively guaranteed.
In the present invention, a ballast tank may be provided in the circular column.
By means of the method, the ballast water quantity in the ballast tank of the circular upright column is increased, so that the draft depth is increased, the inertia moment of the semi-submersible platform is further increased, and the capability of the semi-submersible platform system for resisting extreme waves can be improved when the semi-submersible platform system encounters severe sea conditions.
In the present invention, the oscillating float power generation system may include: the carrying mechanism is arranged on the outer side surface of each circular upright post; the direct-drive power generation mechanism is arranged on the carrying mechanism; and the variable draft floater mechanism is connected with the direct-drive power generation mechanism and can generate heave motion.
With the adoption of the structure, under the action of sea wind, the variable draft float mechanism moves up and down along with the waves, the direct drive power generation mechanism converts the movement into power to be output, and the power is collected to a matched power transmission system together with the power generated by the wind power generation system to be output to the outside, so that the conversion of the wave energy is realized.
In the present invention, the mounting mechanism may have a triangular double-layer truss structure, and include: the carrying steel frame is arranged on the side surface of the circular upright post and forms a square truss structure; the fixed steel frame is arranged on the carrying steel frame and forms a V-shaped support structure; the carrying steel frame is provided with a pair of long arm pieces extending from the top end to the circular upright post and a pair of abutting pieces extending from the vicinity of the bottom end to the circular upright post; and an annular fixing piece is formed at one end of the included angle of the fixed steel frame.
With the help of this, the carrying mechanism forms the spatial structure of similar hollow right triangular prism, has higher space stability, and the upper end of carrying the steelframe is fixed on circular stand top surface, and the lower extreme hugs closely circular stand side surface, can not cause destructive influence to semi-submerged platform system, in addition, fixes through the annular mounting of fixed steelframe and directly drives power generation mechanism and become draft float mechanism, conveniently installs the dismantlement to oscillating float power generation system and overhauls.
In the present invention, the direct drive power generation mechanism may include: a stator core formed in a cylindrical shape and fixed to the mounting mechanism; a plurality of annular grooves formed in parallel with each other on an inner surface of the stator core, a cross section of the annular grooves being perpendicular to an axis of the stator core; the coil winding is formed by a plurality of coils in a ring winding mode and is embedded in the ring groove; the straight shaft is formed into a cylinder shape, the outer side of the straight shaft is covered with a rotor magnetic yoke, one end of the straight shaft is inserted into the stator core and the coil winding in a mode of moving up and down along the axis direction, and the other end of the straight shaft is positioned on the outer side of the stator core; and permanent magnet magnetic poles mounted on the periphery of the mover yoke at intervals with adjacent magnetic poles being opposite.
With the help of this, the magnetic flux direction of permanent magnet magnetic pole is perpendicular to the axis direction of straight axle, and adjacent permanent magnet magnetic pole magnetic flux direction is opposite, and the magnetic line of force forms the return circuit around coil winding cross section through two adjacent permanent magnet magnetic poles and stator core, and when permanent magnet magnetic pole and active cell yoke and coil winding continuous relative motion, through the magnetic flux direction change of coil, induces alternating current potential in coil winding 403, and then draws current through the output of head and the tail coil winding, from this converts the mechanical energy of float motion into electric energy.
And the direct-drive power generation mechanism overcomes the defects of large loss, structural redundancy and poor reliability of a gear-rack mechanical transmission power generation mechanism and high cost and difficult maintenance of a hydraulic transmission power generation mechanism, so that the oscillating floater power generation system has wider application range and more excellent development prospect.
In the present invention, the draft varying float mechanism may include: a float having a sealed chamber formed therein; at least one-way water inlet valve and at least one-way water drain valve penetrating the sealed cabin are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the floater close to the bottom at intervals; the fixing plate is arranged at the top of the floater and connected with the direct-drive power generation mechanism; and a flexible air inlet and outlet pipe which is communicated with the atmosphere and the sealed cabin is arranged on the peripheral surface of the floater close to the top.
By means of the variable draft float mechanism, wave energy is captured, the float continuously moves in the heaving direction under the action of the waves, the direct drive power generation mechanism is driven by the direct drive power generation mechanism to move up and down along with the direct drive power generation mechanism, alternating current potential is induced, and current is uniformly led out through the output end. In addition, the oscillating floater power generation system can realize the discharge of seawater by means of the movement of the floater, the one-way water inlet valve and the one-way water discharge valve, and the self resonance period of the oscillating floater power generation system is adjusted to be adaptive to the wave period of a wave field by changing the self weight of the floater, so that the oscillating floater power generation system is adaptive to different sea area conditions, more wave energy is captured, the power generation power is improved, the structure is simple, and the gain is remarkable.
When the sea meets severe sea conditions, the one-way water inlet valve of the sealed cabin is opened to enable the floater to be filled with seawater and to increase self weight, the whole body is submerged below the water surface to reduce the contact area of the waterline of the oscillating floater generating system, the impact of wave force on the oscillating floater generating system is reduced, and therefore the danger avoiding capacity is improved through the variable draft floater mechanism.
In the present invention, the draft varying float mechanism may further include a filter net disposed on an outer wall of the float and covering the one-way water inlet valve and the one-way water outlet valve.
By means of the one-way water inlet valve and the one-way water outlet valve, the filter screens are arranged on the peripheries of the one-way water inlet valve and the water outlet valve, large pollutants in seawater are effectively prevented from being discharged into the one-way water inlet valve, the one-way water outlet valve and the sealed cabin, and the problems of blockage and the like are avoided.
In the present invention, the inside of the float may be divided into a plurality of sealed compartments from top to bottom.
By means of the method, the variable draft capacity of the floater can be finely adjusted as much as possible, so that the power generation efficiency of the variable draft floater mechanism is enhanced, and the sea area and sea conditions of the combined power generation device are expanded.
The invention has the following effects:
the semi-submersible offshore wind energy and wave energy combined power generation device can skillfully integrate a wind power generation system and an oscillating floater power generation system on a semi-submersible platform system, realize the comprehensive utilization of offshore wind energy and wave energy, improve the energy utilization efficiency and reduce the electricity consumption cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a combined power generating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view showing a combined power plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a semi-submersible platform system of a combined power plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of an oscillating float power generation system of the combined power plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram showing a direct drive power generation mechanism of the oscillating float power generation system;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view showing a draft varying float mechanism of the oscillating float power generating system;
description of the symbols:
d-a combined power generation device;
100-a semi-submersible platform system; 101-a semi-submersible platform; 102-catenary; 103-circular column; 104. 105-a floating bridge member; 105 c-circular platform;
200-a wind power generation system; 201-fan blades; 202-a nacelle; 203-a wind turbine tower; 204-a fixed base;
600-oscillating float power generation system;
300-a mounting mechanism; 301-carrying steel frames; 301 a-long arm; 301 b-abutment; 302-fixing the steel frame; 302 a-a loop fastener;
400-directly driving a power generation mechanism; 401-a stator core; 402-a straight axis; 403-a coil winding; 404-permanent magnet poles; 405-a mover yoke;
500-variable draft float mechanism; 501-a floater; 501 a-sealed chamber; 502-one-way inlet valve; 503-one-way drain valve; 504-a filter screen; 505-a fixation plate; 506-Flexible aspiration tubing.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the following embodiments, which are to be understood as merely illustrative, and not restrictive, of the invention. The same or corresponding reference numerals in the drawings denote the same components, and a repetitive description thereof will be omitted. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a combined power generating device D according to the present invention, and fig. 2 is a plan view showing the combined power generating device D according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a semi-submersible offshore wind energy and wave energy combined power generation device D is a novel device which combines an oscillating floater wave energy power generation device on an offshore wind power generation device with a semi-submersible floating foundation to enable the two devices to share the same platform structure and unify a power transmission and storage system, and comprises: semi-submersible platform system 100, wind power generation system 200 mounted on semi-submersible platform system 100, and oscillating buoy power generation system 600 mounted on semi-submersible platform system 100. The semi-submersible platform system 100 floats on the sea surface, the wind power generation system 200 works under the action of sea wind to continuously convert wind energy into electric energy, meanwhile, the oscillating floater power generation system 600 also works under the action of waves generated by sea wind to continuously convert wave energy into electric energy, and then the electric energy and the electric energy generated by the wind power generation system 200 are collected to a matched power transmission system, so that the energy utilization efficiency can be greatly improved and the electricity consumption cost can be reduced through one set of system.
[ semi-submersible platform System 100]
Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a semi-submersible platform system of a combined power plant according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the semi-submersible platform system 100 includes a semi-submersible platform 101 having a substantially three-dimensional equilateral triangle shape, and three catenary lines 102 connected to three corners of the semi-submersible platform 101. The wind power generation system 200 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the central part of the semi-submersible platform 101, and the oscillating floater power generation systems 600 are respectively arranged on the outer surfaces of three corners of the semi-submersible platform 101. The electric power generated by the wind power generation system 200 and the oscillating floater power generation system 600 is collected and transmitted to the outside by an unillustrated power transmission system installed inside the semi-submersible platform 101.
Specifically, the semi-submersible platform 101 is a support platform formed in a three-dimensional triangle shape by three circular columns 103 distributed in an equilateral triangle shape and a plurality of pontoon members 104 and 105 connecting the two adjacent circular columns 103, respectively. Among them, the floating bridge member 104 is formed as a flat ring-shaped floating bridge structure, further formed as a hollow triangular member, and is rigidly connected with the bottoms of the three circular columns 103 at the corresponding three corners, and preferably, the width of the floating bridge is greater than or equal to the diameter of the circular columns 103 so as to keep the whole structure firm and stable. The pontoon members 105 are formed as flat radial pontoon structures extending from the tops of the three circular posts 103 towards the center of an equilateral triangle and forming a circular platform 105c at the center.
The three catenary lines 102 and the three circular columns 103 are connected in one-to-one correspondence and respectively extend outwards along the directions of the equiangular triangle bisectors, specifically, one end of each catenary line 102 is connected with the bottom end of each circular column 103, and the other end of each catenary line is fixed on the seabed in a manner of anchoring or the like, so that a certain redundancy is provided, the semi-submersible platform 101 is integrally fixed to prevent the semi-submersible platform from undesired displacement along with sea waves, and the stability of the semi-submersible platform is improved. Thereby, the three circular columns 103 are connected to each other by the pontoon members 104 and 105, and are fixed to a predetermined region by the catenary 102.
Further, since the wind power generation system 200 is mounted on the circular platform 105c via the fixed base and the oscillating floater power generation system 600 is mounted on the three circular columns 103 via the mounting means, the three systems can be organically combined without damaging the overall structure of the semi-submersible platform system 100, thereby effectively ensuring structural uniformity and reliability of the combined power generation device D. During operation, the semi-submersible platform 101 floats on the sea, the bottom of the semi-submersible platform is submerged in water, the contact area with the water surface is only the sectional area of the three circular columns 103, and the distance between the circular columns 103 can be set to be larger, so that the whole structure has higher initial stability height and larger inertia moment, and the semi-submersible platform has good stability and provides powerful guarantee for the normal operation of the wind power generation system 200 and the oscillating floater power generation system 600.
Moreover, the semi-submersible platform 101 has an overall symmetrical structure, and the housing is made of steel, so that the reliability of the semi-submersible platform can be further enhanced. In addition, a ballast tank for bearing seawater is arranged in the circular column 103, and the amount of the seawater ballast in the ballast tank can be controlled according to the specific operating environment so as to adjust the draft height of the semi-submersible platform and enhance the sea state adaptability of the sea area. Although the economic efficiency is generally the best when there are three circular columns 103, the semisubmersible platform 101 can be formed into a square pentagon or the like uniformly in accordance with actual circumstances, and is not limited to the example of the present invention.
In the invention, the semi-submersible platform system 100 is simple in structure and convenient to manufacture, and does not have any tubular joint or cross brace, so that on one hand, the whole size is reduced, and simultaneously, high stability is kept, on the other hand, the problems of blocking loss and the like caused by waves hitting on the cross brace structure are solved, and the oscillating floater power generation system 600 is favorable for capturing more wave energy. In addition, semi-submersible platform system 100 is not influenced by the tide, relative draft height changes little, and the oscillating floater power generation system 600 carried thereon can work in all weather, and can further improve the work efficiency.
When the waves pass through the semi-submersible platform 101, the waves are influenced by the circular columns 103, a wave gathering effect is generated between the two circular columns 103, the circular columns 103 are positioned on the outermost side far away from the semi-submersible platform 101 to face the waves and are not influenced by the shielding of the platform, and the waves are large, so that the power generation efficiency during the work can be greatly improved by installing the oscillating floater power generation system 600 on the circular columns 103, but the arrangement is not limited to the situation, and the oscillating floater power generation system 600 can be reasonably arranged according to the actual sea area conditions and the platform use condition.
[ wind turbine System 200]
As shown in fig. 1, the wind turbine system 200 is mounted on the pontoon 105, and includes: a fixed base 204 mounted on the circular platform 105c of the semi-submersible platform 101; a fan tower 203 vertically fixed on the fixed base 204 in a manner of being vertical to the plane of the floating bridge member 105; a nacelle 202 mounted on top of a wind turbine tower 203; a power generation unit (not shown) mounted inside nacelle 202, and a plurality of fan blades 201 mounted to the tip end of nacelle 202. In the present invention, the number of the fan blades 201 is three, and the fan blades are mounted to the nacelle 202 at regular intervals of 120 °, but the number, arrangement, and the like are not limited thereto. The nacelle 202 is erected on the top end of the fan tower 203, the fan tower 203 is fixed to the fixed base 204, and the fixed base 204 is fixed to the circular platform 105c of the semi-submersible platform 101 by flange mounting.
In the invention, under the action of sea wind, three groups of fan blades 201 of the wind power generation system 200 continuously rotate around the cabin 202 to drive the power generation unit in the cabin 202 to convert wind energy into electric energy, and the electric energy is input into a storage battery through a power transmission system or output to land through a submarine cable for use.
[ Oscillating float Power Generation System 600]
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the oscillating floater generating systems 600 are uniformly installed on the outer side surface of each circular column 103, and specifically, the three oscillating floater generating systems 600 are annularly arrayed around the outer side surface of a single circular column 103 at an included angle of 120 °, but the number is not necessarily limited to three, and the arrangement is not necessarily limited to equal-height equiangular arrangement. Fig. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an oscillating floater power generating system 600 of a combined power generating apparatus D according to the present invention, fig. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a direct drive power generating mechanism 400 of the oscillating floater power generating system 600, and fig. 6 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a draft varying floater mechanism 500 of the oscillating floater power generating system 600. As shown in fig. 4 to 6, the oscillating float power generation system 600 includes the mounting mechanism 300, the direct drive power generation mechanism 400, and the variable draft float mechanism 500. Under the action of the sea wind, the draft varying floater mechanism 500 moves up and down along with the waves, and the direct-drive power generation mechanism 400 converts the movement into power to be output, and the power is collected to a matched power transmission system together with the power generated by the wind power generation system 200 to be output to the outside.
The mounting mechanism 300 is attached to a side surface of the circular column 103 of the semi-submersible platform system 100, and is provided with a mounting steel frame 301 and a fixing steel frame 302, and is formed in a triangular double-deck truss structure, that is, a right triangular prism shape, to support and fix the oscillating float power generation system 600. As shown in fig. 4, the mounting steel frames 301 have a truss structure made of i-shaped steel, and are formed substantially in a square shape, and in a relatively stationary state without wind and waves, the mounting steel frames 301 are attached to the side surfaces of the circular columns 103 so that the plane of the mounting steel frames 301 is perpendicular to the sea plane (hereinafter referred to as vertical sides), and two sides of the mounting steel frames 301 are parallel to the sea plane (hereinafter referred to as parallel sides). A long arm piece 301a extends from each of the two vertical sides at one end (hereinafter referred to as a top end) relatively far from the sea level, and an abutment piece 301b extends from each of the two vertical sides near one end (hereinafter referred to as a bottom end) relatively near the sea level. Specifically, the top long arm 301a extends outward in a manner perpendicular to the plane on which the steel frame 301 is mounted, and is fixed to the top surface of the circular column 103 by welding, bolts, or the like. The abutment 301b near the bottom end extends outward in a manner perpendicular to the plane on which the steel frame 301 is mounted, and preferably forms a contact surface matching the curvature of the side surface of the circular column 103 so as to be closely attached to the outer side surface of the circular column 103, thereby enabling tangential suction or flange fixation, etc.
The fixed steel frame 302 is composed of two parallel V-shaped brackets at the upper and lower sides, and is mounted on the mounting steel frame 301 in a manner perpendicular to the plane where the mounting steel frame 301 is located. Specifically, two ends (four upper and lower layers) of an opening of the V-shaped bracket are respectively fixed on the carrying steel frame 301 through flanges and the like, preferably, four intersection points of four sides, and an annular fixing member 302a is formed at one end of an included angle of the V-shaped bracket, for fixing the direct-drive power generation mechanism 400. Therefore, the carrying steel frame 301 and the fixed steel frame 302 are formed into a three-dimensional structure similar to a hollow right triangular prism together, and have high structural stability. In addition, although not provided in the present invention, a supporting and fixing member may be further provided between the two ends of the included angle of the upper and lower layers of the fixing steel frames 302 for fixing the ring-shaped fixing member 302a more firmly.
The direct drive power generation mechanism 400 is used to convert mechanical energy of float motion into electric energy, and as shown in fig. 4 and 5, includes a stator core 401, a straight shaft 402, a coil winding 403, a permanent magnet pole 404, and a mover yoke 405. The stator core 401 is formed in a cylindrical shape, nested and fixed in the ring-shaped fixing member 302a, and a plurality of annular grooves parallel to each other are formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical shape, the cross section of the annular grooves is perpendicular to the axis of the stator core, and the intervals of the protrusions between the grooves are called teeth. The coil winding 403 is formed of a plurality of coils in the form of a ring winding, and the coils are fitted into an annular groove inside the stator core 401 in parallel with each other, so that the coils are perpendicular to the axis of the stator core 401.
The straight shaft 402 is formed in a cylindrical shape, the outer side of the straight shaft is covered with a rotor yoke 405 formed by a good magnetic conductor, a plurality of annular permanent magnet magnetic poles 404 are nested on the outer periphery of the rotor yoke 405, specifically, the thickness of the permanent magnet magnetic poles 404 is the same as the width of teeth on the inner surface of the stator core 401, thereby forming a magnetic flux loop, and a plurality of permanent magnet magnetic poles 404 are arranged on the outer periphery of the straight shaft 402 covered with the rotor yoke 405 at intervals in a mode that adjacent permanent magnet magnetic poles are opposite, and the straight shaft can be designed according to parameters such as magnetic flux. The overall outer diameter of the three is smaller than the inner diameter of the stator core 401 and the coil winding 403, the permanent magnet pole 404 is inserted into the stator core 401 and the coil winding 403 at one end and is movable up and down along the axial direction at the other end, and the tip end part of the other end is connected with the variable draft floater mechanism 500. An air gap is ensured to be left between the permanent magnet pole 404 and the stator core 402, the permanent magnet pole and the stator core are separated, and the size of the air gap between the magnet and the core can be measured according to the no-load leakage coefficient.
More specifically, the magnetic flux direction of the permanent magnet poles 404 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the straight shaft 402, the magnetic flux directions of the adjacent permanent magnet poles 404 are opposite, magnetic lines of force form a loop around the cross section of the coil winding 403 through the adjacent two permanent magnet poles 404 and the stator core 401, when the permanent magnet poles 404 and the rotor yoke 405 continuously move relative to the coil winding 403, an alternating current potential is induced in the coil winding 403 through the change of the magnetic flux directions of the coils, and then current is led out from the output ends of the head and tail coil windings to realize power generation.
The variable draft float mechanism 500 moves with waves, can change the draft of the float mechanism per se and capture the waves, and is provided with a float 501, a one-way water inlet valve 502, a one-way water discharge valve 503, a filter screen 504, a fixing plate 505 and a flexible air inlet and outlet pipe 506 as shown in fig. 4 and 6. The float 501 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of sealed compartments 501a are uniformly divided from the top to the bottom inside, and the larger the number is within a certain range, the finer the draft adjusting capability becomes, but it is also possible to completely have only one sealed compartment. On the outer peripheral surface of each sealed chamber 501a near the top, there is a flexible air inlet/outlet pipe 506 communicating with the atmosphere for sucking or discharging the air inside the sealed chamber 501a to avoid vacuum, and the other end of the flexible air inlet/outlet pipe 506 is fixed to the stator core 401, but not limited to this position, and generally the flexible air inlet/outlet pipe 506 is used to communicate the sealed chamber with the atmosphere for water inlet/outlet, and it is preferable that the other end of the flexible air inlet/outlet pipe 506 is fixed at a high position, so that it is not easy to fill seawater, but even if part of seawater is filled, it has no influence. At least one-way water inlet valve 502 and at least one-way water discharge valve 503 which are controlled to be opened and closed by an electric control system are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of each sealed cabin 501a at intervals, the one-way water inlet valve 502 penetrates through the outer wall of the sealed cabin 501a and only allows the outside water body to enter in one way, and the one-way water discharge valve 503 penetrates through the outer wall of the sealed cabin 501a and only allows the outside water body to discharge in one way. The number, spacing, arrangement, and the like of the one-way water inlet valve 502 and the one-way water discharge valve 503 are not limited, for example, in this embodiment, two one-way water inlet valves 502 and two one-way water discharge valves 503 are respectively arranged at substantially the same height along the circumference in an equally spaced manner on the outer circumferential surface of the sealed chamber 501a, and arranged in a manner of inlet/discharge, but the invention is not limited thereto.
The filter screen 504 is arranged on the outer wall of the floater 501 in a mode of wrapping the one-way water inlet valves 502 and the one-way water discharge valve 503, so that large pollutants in seawater are prevented from entering the one-way water inlet valves 502, the one-way water discharge valve 503 and the sealed cabin 501a, and the problems of blockage and the like are avoided. The fixed plate 505 is mounted on the top of the float 501 and connected to the tip end of the straight shaft 402, and the float 501 drives the straight shaft 402 to move up and down along the axial direction when the waves generate heave motion, thereby converting the kinetic energy of the float 501 into the kinetic energy of the straight shaft 402.
According to the rigid body resonance period calculation formula:
Figure 825909DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
it is understood that the larger the mass of the oscillating float, the larger the resonance period. Therefore, the water quantity in the sealed cabin 501a can be adjusted through the one-way water inlet valves 502 and the one-way water drain valve 503, so that the self weight of the floater 501 is changed, the self resonance period of the floater 501 is adjusted to be adaptive to the wave period of a wave field, the oscillating floater power generation system 600 can adapt to different sea area conditions, and the power generation power is improved.
Specifically, when the wave period of the wave field becomes large, only the one-way water inlet valve 502 of the designated sealed chamber 501a is opened by the electronic control system (not shown) and seawater enters the chamber, and it is generally preferred to open the chambers sequentially from the bottom chamber up, but not limited thereto. The floater 501 does continuous oscillation movement, the seawater oscillation movement is inconsistent with the movement of the floater 501 due to inertia factors, the movement is poor, the pressure of the seawater on the sealed cabin 501a is reduced at the moment that the floater 501 moves downwards, the external seawater flows in through the one-way water inlet valve 502 until the whole cabin is filled, the original gas in the cabin is discharged to the outside through the flexible air inlet and outlet pipe 506, the weight of the floater 501 is continuously increased, and the resonance period is also increased. Conversely, when the wave field wave period becomes smaller, the one-way drain valve 503 is opened only for the designated compartment by the electronic control system, and it is generally preferred to open the compartment near the top but not limited thereto. By means of the motion difference between the seawater oscillation and the floater oscillation, the pressure of the seawater on the sealed cabin 501a is increased at the moment that the floater 501 moves upwards, the seawater is continuously discharged out of the cabin until the seawater is exhausted, the external air enters the cabin through the flexible air inlet and outlet pipe 506, the weight of the floater 501 is continuously reduced, and the resonance period is shortened.
Therefore, the floater 501 continuously moves in the heave direction under the action of waves to drive the straight shaft 402 and the permanent magnet magnetic pole 404 thereon in the direct-drive power generation mechanism 400 to move up and down, an air gap is reserved between the permanent magnet magnetic pole 404 and the stator iron core 401, magnetic lines of force surround the coil winding 403, the permanent magnet magnetic pole 404 continuously moves, magnetic flux surrounding the coil continuously overturns, alternating current potential is induced in the coil winding 403, and current is uniformly led out through the output end. The electric energy generated by each oscillating floater power generation system 600 is uniformly collected and input to a storage battery through a power transmission system or output to land through a submarine cable with the electric energy of the wind power generation system 200.
In the invention, the carrying mechanism 300 is formed into a triangular double-layer truss structure, and the long arm pieces 301a are matched with the abutting pieces 301b, so that the adverse effects of damage and the like to the semi-submersible platform 101 caused by carrying the oscillating floater power generation system 600 are greatly reduced, and the oscillating floater power generation system 600 is convenient to disassemble, assemble and maintain.
And the direct-drive power generation mechanism 400 overcomes the defects of large loss, structural redundancy, poor reliability of a gear-rack mechanical transmission power generation mechanism, high cost of a hydraulic transmission power generation mechanism and difficult maintenance, so that the oscillating-float power generation system has a wider application range and a better development prospect.
In addition, the variable draft float mechanism 500 realizes the discharge of the seawater (namely, the variable draft) by means of the self-movement of the float 501, and changes the resonance period of the oscillating float so as to improve the power generation efficiency. Moreover, the resonance period does not need to be adjusted in real time, and only the one-way water inlet valve 502 or the one-way water discharge valve 503 needs to be opened or closed through the electric control system within a certain time period, so that much electric energy is not consumed, the power supply of the electric control system completely depends on the oscillating floater power generation system 600, and the remarkable benefit improvement is realized through a simple structure.
According to the semi-submersible combined power generation device D for offshore wind energy and wave energy, the resonance period of the oscillating floater is adjusted by changing the draught of the floater to achieve the maximum energy obtaining efficiency, and the device is combined with novel semi-submersible offshore wind power generation, scientifically integrated and shared by platforms, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved, the power consumption cost is reduced, and a beneficial reference is provided for the planning of offshore multi-energy combined power generation. The operation of the combined power generation device D of the present invention will be described in detail below.
The bottom part of the semi-submersible platform 101 is positioned below the sea level after the semi-submersible platform system 100 is installed in place, the amount of seawater in a ballast tank inside the circular upright post 103 is adjusted according to specific sea conditions and operation requirements so as to adjust the working draft of the semi-submersible platform 101, and the three catenary lines 102 are connected with the bottom end of the circular upright post 103 and the seabed, so that the movement of the semi-submersible platform 101 is limited, and the stability of the platform is improved.
The wind turbine generator system 200 is fixedly mounted on the circular platform 105c of the semi-submersible platform 101 via the fixed base 204, and is electrically connected to the power transmission system. The three groups of fan blades 201 rotate around the nacelle 202 under the action of sea wind, and drive the power generation unit in the nacelle 202 to convert wind energy into electric energy.
Meanwhile, the floater 501 moves up and down along with the wave to drive the straight shaft 402 and the permanent magnet magnetic pole 404 and the rotor magnetic yoke 405 installed on the surface of the straight shaft to move up and down in the stator core 401 along the axial direction, the permanent magnet magnetic pole 404 and the rotor magnetic yoke 405 continuously move relative to the coil winding 403 to induce an alternating current potential in the coil winding 403, and then current is led out from the output ends of the head and tail coil windings 403 to convert the wave energy into electric energy.
The electric energy generated by the wind power generation system 200 and the electric energy generated by each oscillating-float power generation system 600 are input to a storage battery via the power transmission system of the semi-submersible platform system 100 or output to land for use via a submarine cable.
The combined power generation device D skillfully integrates the wind power generation system 200 and the oscillating floater power generation system 600 on the novel semi-submersible platform system 100, realizes the comprehensive utilization of offshore wind energy and wave energy, improves the energy utilization efficiency, reduces the electricity consumption cost, and changes the resonance period of the oscillating floater by adjusting the draft to capture more wave energy and further improve the energy utilization efficiency.
In addition, when the combined power generation device D encounters severe sea conditions, the ballast water amount in the ballast tanks of the circular columns 103 can be increased, so that the draft depth of the combined power generation device D is increased, the inertia moment of the semi-submersible platform 101 is further increased, so that the capability of resisting extreme waves of the semi-submersible platform system 100 is improved, in addition, one-way water inlet valves of all sealing cabins 501a of the floater 501 can be opened, the floater 501 is filled with seawater and has increased self weight, so that the whole floater 501 is submerged below the water surface, the water surface is only contacted with the straight shaft 402 at the moment, the contact area of a water line is reduced, the impact of wave force is also greatly reduced, and the risk avoiding capability is further improved.
While the above-mentioned embodiments have been described in detail to explain the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, it should be understood that the above is only one embodiment of the present invention, and it is known from the common general knowledge that the specific shapes, arrangement positions, arrangement modes, arrangement relations among the above-mentioned mechanisms and members of the present invention, etc. are theoretically preferable, but it is not excluded that the adjustment is made adaptively to the specific situation, but the change or increase or decrease of the arrangement, etc. shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention as long as the gist of the present invention is not deviated.

Claims (7)

1. A semi-submersible offshore wind energy and wave energy combined power generation device is provided with:
a semi-submersible platform system floating on the sea surface;
a wind power generation system and a plurality of oscillating floater power generation systems mounted on the semi-submersible platform system; and
the power transmission system collects the power generated by the wind power generation system and the oscillating floater power generation system and then stores or transmits the collected power;
the semi-submersible platform system is provided with:
the upper surface of the semi-submersible platform is provided with the wind power generation system, and the outer side surface of the semi-submersible platform is provided with the oscillating floater power generation system; and
a plurality of catenary lines respectively connecting the seabed with each corner of the semi-submersible platform;
the semi-submersible platform is provided with:
a plurality of circular columns having a plurality of oscillating float power generation systems mounted on the outer surface thereof, the plurality of circular columns being arranged at intervals; and
the floating bridge components are used for connecting the top and the bottom of two adjacent circular upright posts;
the pontoon members connected to the top of the circular column extend from the top of the circular column to the semi-submersible platform central region and form a circular platform for mounting the wind power system;
the floating bridge component connected with the bottom of the circular upright post is formed into a flat annular structure;
the oscillating float power generation system includes:
the carrying mechanism is arranged on the outer side surface of each circular upright post;
the direct-drive power generation mechanism is arranged on the carrying mechanism; and
the variable draft float mechanism is connected with the direct-drive power generation mechanism and can generate heaving motion;
the variable draft float mechanism includes:
a float having a sealed chamber formed therein;
at least one-way water inlet valve and at least one-way water drain valve penetrating the sealed cabin are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the floater close to the bottom at intervals;
the fixing plate is arranged at the top of the floater and connected with the direct-drive power generation mechanism; and
and a flexible air inlet and outlet pipe for communicating the atmosphere and the sealed cabin is arranged on the peripheral surface of the floater close to the top.
2. The combined semi-submersible offshore wind and wave energy power generation unit of claim 1,
the wind power generation system is provided with:
the fixed base is arranged on the semi-submersible platform;
the fan tower drum is vertically fixed on the fixed base;
the engine room is mounted at the top end of the fan tower;
a power generation unit mounted inside the nacelle; and
a plurality of fan blades mounted to the nacelle tip.
3. The semi-submersible offshore wind and wave energy combined power plant of claim 1,
and a ballast tank capable of changing the internal water storage capacity is arranged in the circular upright column.
4. The combined semi-submersible offshore wind and wave energy power generation unit of claim 1,
the carrying mechanism is formed into a triangular double-layer truss structure and is provided with:
the carrying steel frame is arranged on the side surface of the circular upright post and forms a square truss structure; and
the fixed steel frame is arranged on the carrying steel frame and forms a V-shaped support structure;
the carrying steel frame is provided with a pair of long arm pieces extending from the top end to the circular upright post and a pair of abutting pieces extending from the vicinity of the bottom end to the circular upright post;
and an annular fixing piece is formed at one end of the included angle of the fixed steel frame.
5. The combined semi-submersible offshore wind and wave energy power generation unit of claim 1,
the direct drive power generation mechanism is provided with:
a stator core formed in a cylindrical shape and fixed to the mounting mechanism;
a plurality of annular grooves formed in parallel with each other on an inner surface of the stator core, and having a cross section perpendicular to an axis of the stator core;
the coil winding is formed by a plurality of coils in a ring winding mode and is embedded in the ring groove;
the straight shaft is formed into a cylinder shape, the outer side of the straight shaft is covered with a rotor magnetic yoke, one end of the straight shaft is inserted into the stator core and the coil winding in a mode of moving up and down along the axis direction, and the other end of the straight shaft is positioned on the outer side of the stator core; and
and permanent magnet magnetic poles which are arranged on the periphery of the rotor yoke at intervals in a mode that adjacent magnetic poles are opposite.
6. The combined semi-submersible offshore wind and wave energy power generation unit of claim 1,
the draft-varying float mechanism is further provided with a filter screen which is arranged on the outer wall of the float and covers the one-way water inlet valve and the one-way water discharge valve.
7. The combined semi-submersible offshore wind and wave energy power generation unit of claim 1,
a plurality of sealed cabins are uniformly divided in the floater from top to bottom.
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