CN112846457A - Method for welding chemical manhole flange by variable-polarity double tungsten electrodes - Google Patents
Method for welding chemical manhole flange by variable-polarity double tungsten electrodes Download PDFInfo
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- CN112846457A CN112846457A CN202011633042.0A CN202011633042A CN112846457A CN 112846457 A CN112846457 A CN 112846457A CN 202011633042 A CN202011633042 A CN 202011633042A CN 112846457 A CN112846457 A CN 112846457A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
- B23K9/1675—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode making use of several electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/12—Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
- B23K9/124—Circuits or methods for feeding welding wire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for welding a chemical manhole flange by using a polarity-variable double tungsten electrode, which comprises the steps of 1) material detection before welding, 2) preparation before welding of workpieces, 3) preheating before welding, 4) preparation of equipment before welding, 5) welding of a transition layer, 6) post-heating of the transition layer, 7) preparation before welding of a coating, 8) welding of the coating, 9) post-heating of the coating, 10) post-welding inspection and the like. The welding method of the manhole flange uses the variable-polarity double-tungsten-electrode welding system to weld the manhole flange, so that the manhole flange has the advantages of high welding quality, high welding efficiency and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of welding, in particular to a method for welding a chemical manhole flange by using a variable-polarity double tungsten electrode.
Background
The double-tungsten electrode welding technology is widely applied to the field of connection welding, and is rarely applied in the surfacing industry. Most of the prior art adopts a single wire hot wire TIG surfacing process, and the traditional surfacing process has low welding efficiency of only 1kg/h to 2 kg/h. When the inclined saddle end surface of a manhole flange is welded, the problems of low welding efficiency and high welding cost exist in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the method for welding the chemical manhole flange by using the polarity-variable double-tungsten-electrode welding system, which is used for welding the manhole flange, so that the welding of the manhole flange has the beneficial effects of high quality, high welding efficiency and low cost.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a method for welding a chemical manhole flange by using a polarity-variable double tungsten electrode, which comprises the following steps of:
1) detecting materials before welding, and carrying out visual detection and size detection on a workpiece to be welded of a chemical tube plate;
2) preparing a workpiece before welding, removing iron rust and oil stain surface oxides on the surface of the workpiece, and filling holes or sand holes on the surface of the workpiece;
3) preheating before welding, namely preheating the integral workpiece in a preheating furnace; preheating at a temperature of more than 150 ℃ and preserving heat for more than 3 h;
4) preparing equipment before welding, and enabling the variable-polarity double-tungsten-electrode surfacing system to reach a weldable state before welding;
5) welding the transition layer, wherein the chemical composition of the coating material is ensured by welding the transition layer; the manhole flange base material is 12Cr2Mo1 III steel, and the surfacing welding transition layer material is 309L welding wire;
6) after the transition layer is heated, after the surfacing of the transition layer is finished, the tube plate is deformed, and the welding residual stress is eliminated through a post-heating process; the post-heating process comprises the following steps: raising the temperature to 55-200 ℃/h, keeping the temperature at 250-300 +/-20 ℃, keeping the temperature for more than 2h, and cooling the temperature to 55-280 ℃/h along with the furnace;
7) preparing a coating before welding, and continuing welding above a transition layer after a post-heating process, namely welding the coating;
8) coating welding, which is to perform multilayer welding of coatings;
9) after the coating is heated, after the overlaying welding of the coating is finished, the tube plate deforms, and the welding residual stress is eliminated through a post-heating process;
10) and (4) inspecting after welding, and finishing welding after the welding is qualified through visual detection, size detection and penetration detection.
And 2), polishing the surface to be welded by using an electric angle grinder to remove oxides on the surface of rust and oil stains, repairing and polishing holes or sand holes existing on the surface to be welded by using TIG direct current manual welding.
The variable-polarity double-tungsten-electrode surfacing system in the step 4) comprises a cross-shaped scribing frame, wherein the cross-shaped scribing frame comprises a cross beam and a vertical beam; the bottom of the vertical beam is connected with a cross frame base, a PLC control cabinet, 2 polarity-variable alternating current welding machines, 2 direct current welding machines and a refrigeration water tank are arranged on the cross frame base, and an HMI (human machine interface) controller is arranged above the PLC control cabinet; the welding end of crossbeam is equipped with AVC arc pressure and trails the axle, and AVC arc pressure trails the axle and sets up with the swing axle is perpendicular and swing axle and welder is connected, and the welder below corresponds the position and is equipped with the upset machine of shifting, and the inside high frequency generator that is equipped with of welding end of crossbeam, high frequency generator rear are equipped with and send a machine and send the machine to be located the crossbeam outside, and the end of crossbeam is equipped with and send a dish.
The PLC control cabinet in the variable polarity double-tungsten-electrode surfacing system is internally provided with a CPU, and a servo amplifier, a motor drive and a welding machine communication module in the PLC control cabinet are input and output through analog quantity; the PLC control cabinet is provided with an emergency stop switch and a main power switch; the HMI controller is provided with a human-computer interaction screen and is used for editing welding process curves, editing walking programs, electrically or automatically controlling the actions of all components and monitoring and adjusting welding real-time parameters.
The welding gun in the variable-polarity double-tungsten-electrode surfacing system comprises a gun body, a first tungsten electrode, a second tungsten electrode, a first tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile, a second tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile and a double-tungsten-electrode outer nozzle; the included angle between the first tungsten electrode and the second tungsten electrode is 30 degrees; and the included angle between the first tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile and the second tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile is 30 degrees.
The application method of the variable-polarity double-tungsten-electrode surfacing system comprises the following steps of:
1) supplying power to the surfacing system through an external power supply, and turning on a main power switch on the PLC control cabinet;
2) installing a welding wire on the wire feeding disc, guiding the welding wire to pass through the wire feeder and reach a wire feeding pipe at the front end of a welding gun, and locking the welding wire through a buckle in the wire feeder;
3) polishing the first tungsten electrode and the second tungsten electrode, and installing the first tungsten electrode and the second tungsten electrode in a gun head of a welding gun, wherein the distance between the intersection points of the extension lengths of the first tungsten electrode and the second tungsten electrode after installation is more than 4 mm;
4) installing a workpiece to be welded on the overturning positioner, and correcting the circle center to control the precision of the circle center of the workpiece and the circle center of a turntable of the overturning positioner within +/-1 mm;
5) operating an HMI controller to control the cross frame to carry out preliminary adjustment on the welding position and control the AVC arc voltage tracking shaft and the swinging shaft to carry out fine adjustment on the welding position;
6) editing a walking program and a welding process curve of a workpiece to be welded on an HMI (human machine interface) controller (7); setting the diameter of a tube plate, a channel changing parameter, a swinging parameter and a welding speed;
7) opening a refrigeration water tank to supply water to the interior of the welding gun;
8) starting welding operation, performing high-frequency voltage breakdown air arc striking before welding through a high-frequency generator, and performing welding through a variable polarity alternating current welding machine and a direct current welding machine; 4% of HR + H2 is used as welding gas, and the gas flow is 22L/min;
9) and when a special emergency situation occurs, the emergency stop switch on the HMI controller or the PLC control cabinet is used for stopping, and the welding is continued until the welding is finished after the problem is solved.
Wherein, the welding process of the step 5) and the step 8) comprises the following steps:
1) operating the HMI controller to move the welding gun to the initial position of the welding layer;
2) detecting whether the gas and the water are opened;
3) and (3) performing welding operation according to a set program, and automatically lifting or lowering the welding gun by the AVC arc voltage tracking shaft according to the accuracy and the size of the arc voltage in the welding process until single-layer or multi-layer welding operation is completed.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the manhole flange is welded by using the polarity-variable double-tungsten-electrode welding system, so that the manhole flange has the advantages of good welding quality, high welding efficiency, good welding layer forming achieved by the polarity-variable process and the like, and the oblique saddle end face of the manhole flange is completely welded automatically by AVC arc voltage tracking, so that the high personnel cost in the large-area surfacing process is avoided, and the surfacing quality problem of the oblique saddle end face is completely improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a variable polarity bi-tungsten build-up welding system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a torch according to the present invention;
in the figure, 1 is a cross frame; 2 is AVC arc voltage tracking axis; 3 is a swinging shaft; 4 is a cross frame base; 5 is a turnover positioner; 6 is a PLC control cabinet; 7 is an HMI controller; 8 is a variable polarity AC welding machine; 9 is a direct current welding machine; 10 is a refrigeration water tank; 11 is a wire feeding disc; 12 is a welding gun; 13 is a wire feeder; 14 is a high frequency generator; 15 is a first tungsten electrode; 16 is a second tungsten electrode; 17 is a first tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile; 18 is a second tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile; 19 is a gun body; 20 is a double tungsten electrode outer nozzle.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The method for welding the chemical manhole flange by the polarity-variable double tungsten electrodes comprises the following steps:
1) detecting materials before welding, and carrying out visual detection and size detection on a workpiece to be welded of a chemical tube plate; visual inspection means that the surface of a workpiece cannot be collided, and the surface to be welded cannot have surface defects such as air holes and cracks (if PT is needed, the PT detection standard required after welding is met); the dimension inspection means that the dimension of the area to be welded of the tube plate meets the dimension requirement required by a customer (the dimension of the area to be welded is obtained according to the dimension);
2) preparing a workpiece before welding, polishing the surface to be welded by using an electric angle grinder to remove oxide on the surface of rust and oil stain, repairing by using TIG direct current manual welding, and polishing holes or sand holes existing on the surface to be welded;
3) preheating before welding, namely preheating the integral workpiece in a preheating furnace; preheating at 150 ℃, heating for 2h, and keeping the temperature for 3 h;
4) preparing equipment before welding, and enabling the variable-polarity double-tungsten-electrode surfacing system to reach a weldable state before welding; the variable-polarity double-tungsten-electrode surfacing system comprises a cross-shaped scribing frame 1, wherein the cross-shaped scribing frame 1 comprises a cross beam and a vertical beam; the bottom of the vertical beam is connected with a cross frame base 4, the cross frame base 4 is provided with a PLC control cabinet 6, 2 polarity-variable alternating current welding machines 8, 2 direct current welding machines 9 and a refrigeration water tank 10, and an HMI controller 7 is arranged above the PLC control cabinet 6; the welding end of the cross beam is provided with an AVC arc voltage tracking shaft 2, the AVC arc voltage tracking shaft 2 is perpendicular to the swinging shaft 3, the swinging shaft 3 is connected with a welding gun 12, a turnover positioner 5 is arranged at a corresponding position below the welding gun 12, a high-frequency generator 14 is arranged inside the welding end of the cross beam, a wire feeder 13 is arranged behind the high-frequency generator 14, the wire feeder 13 is positioned outside the cross beam, and the tail end of the cross beam is provided with a wire feeding disc 11; a CPU is arranged in the PLC control cabinet 6, and a servo amplifier, a motor drive and a welding machine communication module in the PLC control cabinet 6 are input and output through analog quantity; the PLC control cabinet 6 is provided with an emergency stop switch and a main power switch; the HMI controller 7 is provided with a human-computer interaction screen and is used for editing welding process curves, editing walking programs, electrically or automatically controlling the actions of all components and monitoring and adjusting welding real-time parameters; the welding gun 12 comprises a gun body 19, a first tungsten electrode 15, a second tungsten electrode 16, a first tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile 17, a second tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile 18 and a double-tungsten electrode outer nozzle 20; the included angle between the first tungsten electrode 15 and the second tungsten electrode 16 is 30 degrees; the included angle between the first tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile 17 and the second tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile 18 is 30 degrees;
5) welding the transition layer, wherein the chemical composition of the coating material is ensured by welding the transition layer; the manhole flange base material is 12Cr2Mo1 III steel, and the surfacing welding transition layer material is 309L welding wire; the welding process comprises the following steps: 1) operating the HMI controller 7 to move the welding gun 12 to the starting position of the layer to be welded; 2) detecting whether the gas and the water are opened; 3) welding operation is carried out according to a set program, and the AVC arc voltage tracking shaft 2 automatically lifts or lowers the welding gun 12 according to the accuracy and the size of the arc voltage in the welding process until single-layer or multi-layer welding operation is finished;
| welding layer | Electric current | AVC voltage | Wire feed speed | Material | AVC tracking accuracy |
| Transition layer 1 | 350-380A | 13.5-15V | 5.4m/min | 309L | 0.5 |
6) After the transition layer is heated, after the surfacing of the transition layer is finished, the tube plate is deformed, and the welding residual stress is eliminated through a post-heating process; the post-heating process comprises the following steps: raising the temperature to 55-200 ℃/h, keeping the temperature at 250-300 +/-20 ℃, keeping the temperature for more than 2h, and cooling the temperature to 55-280 ℃/h along with the furnace;
7) preparing a coating before welding, and continuing welding above a transition layer after a post-heating process, namely welding the coating;
8) coating welding, which is to perform multilayer welding of coatings; the welding process comprises the following steps: 1) operating the HMI controller 7 to move the welding gun 12 to the starting position of the layer to be welded; 2) detecting whether the gas and the water are opened; 3) welding operation is carried out according to a set program, and the AVC arc voltage tracking shaft 2 automatically lifts or lowers the welding gun 12 according to the accuracy and the size of the arc voltage in the welding process until single-layer or multi-layer welding operation is finished;
| welding layer | Electric current | AVC voltage | Wire feed speed | Material | AVC tracking accuracy |
| Coatings 2-3 | 350-380A | 13.5-15V | 5.4m/min | 347L | 0.5 |
9) After the coating is heated, after the overlaying welding of the coating is finished, the tube plate deforms, and the welding residual stress is eliminated through a post-heating process;
10) and (4) inspecting after welding, and finishing welding after the welding is qualified through visual detection, size detection and penetration detection. Visual detection means that defects such as air holes, cracks, slag inclusion, welding beading, non-fusion and the like cannot exist in a surfacing welding seam, and the flatness meets the requirement of being less than 0.5 mm; the size detection means that the size of a welding layer after welding corresponds to a size drawing of detection before welding, and the size of the overlaying layer meets the requirement of the thickness of the overlaying layer; and the penetration detection means that PT penetration detection is carried out on the surface of the surfacing layer after surfacing is finished, and the detection meets the qualified requirement of NB/T47013.5I level.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: visual inspection: the defects of air holes, cracks, slag inclusion, welding beading, non-fusion and the like can not exist in the surfacing welding seam, and the flatness meets the requirement of less than 0.5 mm; and (4) size inspection: whether the welding area is completely welded or not and whether the thickness meets the requirement of 7.5mm or not; and (4) PT (potential Transformer) inspection: the flaw detection requirement meets the I-level qualified requirement of NB/T47013.5; component detection (347L): cr: 19.5% -21.5%; ni: 9% -11%; mo is less than or equal to 0.75 percent; compositional testing (309L transition layer): 23 to 25 percent of Cr; 12 to 14 percent of Ni; mo is less than or equal to 0.75 percent.
The application method of the variable polarity double-tungsten-electrode surfacing system comprises the following steps:
1) supplying power to the surfacing system through an external power supply, and turning on a main power switch on the PLC control cabinet 6;
2) installing a welding wire on the wire feeding disc 11, guiding the welding wire to pass through the wire feeder 13 and reach a wire feeding pipe at the front end of the welding gun 12, and locking the welding wire through a buckle in the wire feeder 13;
3) the first tungsten electrode 15 and the second tungsten electrode 16 are polished and installed in a gun head of the welding gun 12, and the distance between the intersection points of the extension lengths of the first tungsten electrode 15 and the second tungsten electrode 16 after installation is 4 mm;
4) installing a workpiece to be welded on the overturning positioner 5, correcting the circle center, and controlling the precision of the circle center of the workpiece and the circle center of a rotary table of the overturning positioner 5 within +/-1 mm;
5) operating an HMI controller 7 to control the cross frame 1 to carry out preliminary adjustment on the welding position and control the AVC arc voltage tracking shaft 2 and the swinging shaft 3 to carry out fine adjustment on the welding position;
6) editing a walking program and a welding process curve of a workpiece to be welded on the HMI controller 7; the diameter is set to be 1410mm (transition layer welding) or 1800mm (cladding welding), the track changing distance is 6mm, the track changing speed is 120mm/min, the swing width is 2mm, the swing speed is 2800mm/min, and the swing stays for 0.02s left and right. The welding speed is 400mm/min, and the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2 mm;
7) opening the refrigeration water tank 10 to supply water to the interior of the welding gun 12;
8) starting welding operation, performing high-frequency voltage breakdown air arc striking before welding through a high-frequency generator 14, and performing welding through a variable polarity alternating current welding machine 8 and a direct current welding machine 9; 4% of HR + H2 is used as welding gas, and the gas flow is 22L/min;
9) and when meeting special emergency, the welding machine is shut down through an emergency stop switch on the HMI controller 7 or the PLC control cabinet 6, and the welding is continued until the welding is finished after the problems are solved.
Claims (7)
1. A method for welding a chemical manhole flange by using a variable polarity double tungsten electrode is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
1) detecting materials before welding, and carrying out visual detection and size detection on a workpiece to be welded of a chemical tube plate;
2) preparing a workpiece before welding, removing iron rust and oil stain surface oxides on the surface of the workpiece, and filling holes or sand holes on the surface of the workpiece;
3) preheating before welding, namely preheating the integral workpiece in a preheating furnace; preheating at a temperature of more than 150 ℃ and preserving heat for more than 3 h;
4) preparing equipment before welding, and enabling the variable-polarity double-tungsten-electrode surfacing system to reach a weldable state before welding;
5) welding the transition layer, wherein the chemical composition of the coating material is ensured by welding the transition layer; the manhole flange base material is 12Cr2Mo1 III steel, and the surfacing welding transition layer material is 309L welding wire;
6) after the transition layer is heated, after the surfacing of the transition layer is finished, the tube plate is deformed, and the welding residual stress is eliminated through a post-heating process; the post-heating process comprises the following steps: raising the temperature to 55-200 ℃/h, keeping the temperature at 250-300 +/-20 ℃, keeping the temperature for more than 2h, and cooling the temperature to 55-280 ℃/h along with the furnace;
7) preparing a coating before welding, and continuing welding above a transition layer after a post-heating process, namely welding the coating;
8) coating welding, which is to perform multilayer welding of coatings;
9) after the coating is heated, after the overlaying welding of the coating is finished, the tube plate deforms, and the welding residual stress is eliminated through a post-heating process;
10) and (4) inspecting after welding, and finishing welding after the welding is qualified through visual detection, size detection and penetration detection.
2. The method for welding chemical manhole flanges by using the variable polarity double tungsten electrodes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and 2) polishing the surface to be welded by using an electric angle grinder to remove oxides on the surface of rust and oil stain, repairing by using TIG direct current manual welding, and polishing holes or sand holes on the surface to be welded.
3. The method for welding chemical manhole flanges by using the variable polarity double tungsten electrodes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the variable-polarity double-tungsten-electrode surfacing system in the step 4) comprises a cross-shaped scribing frame (1), wherein the cross-shaped scribing frame (1) comprises a cross beam and a vertical beam; the bottom of the vertical beam is connected with a cross frame base (4), a PLC control cabinet (6), 2 polarity-variable alternating current welding machines (8), 2 direct current welding machines (9) and a refrigeration water tank (10) are arranged on the cross frame base (4), and an HMI (human machine interface) controller (7) is arranged above the PLC control cabinet (6); the welding end of crossbeam is equipped with AVC arc pressure tracking axle (2), and AVC arc pressure tracking axle (2) set up with swing axle (3) is perpendicular and swing axle (3) are connected with welder (12), and welder (12) below corresponds the position and is equipped with upset machine of shifting (5), and the welding end of crossbeam is inside to be equipped with high frequency generator (14), and high frequency generator (14) rear is equipped with and send a machine (13) to be located the crossbeam outside, and the end of crossbeam is equipped with and send wire reel (11).
4. The method for welding chemical manhole flanges by using the variable polarity double tungsten electrodes as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a CPU is arranged in a PLC control cabinet (6) in the polarity-changing double-tungsten-electrode surfacing system, and a servo amplifier, a motor drive and a welding machine communication module in the PLC control cabinet (6) are input and output through analog quantity; the PLC control cabinet (6) is provided with an emergency stop switch and a main power switch; the HMI controller (7) is provided with a human-computer interaction screen and is used for editing welding process curves, editing walking programs, electrically or automatically controlling the actions of all components and monitoring and adjusting welding real-time parameters.
5. The method for welding chemical manhole flanges by using the variable polarity double tungsten electrodes as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the welding gun (12) in the variable-polarity double-tungsten-electrode surfacing system comprises a gun body (19), a first tungsten electrode (15), a second tungsten electrode (16), a first tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile (17), a second tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile (18) and a double-tungsten-electrode outer nozzle (20); the included angle between the first tungsten electrode (15) and the second tungsten electrode (16) is 30 degrees; the included angle between the first tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile (17) and the second tungsten electrode insulating sleeve pile (18) is 30 degrees.
6. The method for welding chemical manhole flanges by using the variable polarity double tungsten electrodes as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the application method of the variable polarity double-tungsten-electrode surfacing system comprises the following steps:
1) supplying power to the surfacing system through an external power supply, and turning on a main power switch on the PLC control cabinet (6);
2) the welding wire is arranged on the wire feeding disc (11), the welding wire is guided to pass through the wire feeder (13) and reach the wire feeding pipe at the front end of the welding gun (12), and the welding wire is locked through a buckle in the wire feeder (13);
3) the first tungsten electrode (15) and the second tungsten electrode (16) are polished and installed in a gun head of a welding gun (12), and the distance between the intersection points of the extension lengths of the first tungsten electrode (15) and the second tungsten electrode (16) after installation is larger than 4 mm;
4) installing a workpiece to be welded on the overturning positioner (5), correcting the circle center, and controlling the precision of the circle center of the workpiece and the circle center of a rotary table of the overturning positioner (5) within +/-1 mm;
5) operating an HMI controller (7) to control the cross frame (1) to carry out preliminary adjustment on the welding position and control the AVC arc voltage tracking shaft (2) and the swinging shaft (3) to carry out fine adjustment on the welding position;
6) editing a walking program and a welding process curve of a workpiece to be welded on an HMI (human machine interface) controller (7); setting the diameter of a tube plate, a channel changing parameter, a swinging parameter and a welding speed;
7) opening the refrigeration water tank (10) to feed water into the welding torch (12);
8) starting welding operation, performing high-frequency voltage breakdown air arc striking before welding through a high-frequency generator (14), and performing welding through a variable polarity alternating current welding machine (8) and a direct current welding machine (9); 4% of HR + H2 is used as welding gas, and the gas flow is 22L/min;
9) when meeting special emergency, the welding machine is shut down through an emergency stop switch on the HMI controller (7) or the PLC control cabinet (6), and welding is continued until welding is finished after problems are solved.
7. The method for welding chemical manhole flanges by using the variable polarity double tungsten electrodes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the welding process of the step 5) and the step 8) comprises the following steps:
1) operating the HMI controller (7) to move the welding gun (12) to the initial position of the layer to be welded;
2) detecting whether the gas and the water are opened;
3) and (3) performing welding operation according to a set program, wherein the AVC arc voltage tracking shaft (2) automatically lifts or lowers the welding gun (12) according to the accuracy and the size of the arc voltage in the welding process until single-layer or multi-layer welding operation is completed.
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