CN112846274A

CN112846274A - Processing cutter and processing method for cylindrical spinneret orifices of spunbonded non-woven fabric

Info

Publication number: CN112846274A
Application number: CN202110259131.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张晓斌; 张金贤; 石锡祥
Original assignee: Xiamen Xiazhi Technology Tool Co ltd
Current assignee: Xiamen Xiazhi Technology Tool Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-10
Filing date: 2021-03-10
Publication date: 2021-05-28

Abstract

The invention relates to a processing cutter of a spunbonded nonwoven cylindrical spinneret orifice and a processing method thereof, wherein the processing cutter is made of hard alloy materials and comprises a drill handle and a drill rod which are coaxially arranged, the outer diameter of the drill rod is not more than 3mm, a cutting part is arranged at the free end of the drill rod, a linear chip removal groove which extends along the axial direction is arranged on the cutting part, the front angle lambda of the cutting edge of the cutting part adopts a negative angle design, and the cutting edge is passivated; the cutting part is characterized in that a drill point blade back angle k1 is a relief grinding circular arc back angle of 10 degrees, a taper blade back angle k2 is a relief grinding circular arc back angle of 3-5 degrees, and the problem that the existing cutter is difficult to machine a spinning hole meeting the requirements is solved.

Description

Processing cutter and processing method for cylindrical spinneret orifices of spunbonded non-woven fabric

Technical Field

The invention relates to the production field of spun-bonded non-woven fabrics, in particular to a processing cutter of a cylindrical spinneret orifice of the spun-bonded non-woven fabrics and a processing method thereof.

Background

The spinneret plate mainly functions to spin a high polymer melt or solution into filaments formed by converting the high polymer melt or solution into fine streams with specific cross-sectional shapes and solidifying the fine streams through a solidification medium such as air or a solidification bath. The spinneret plate is an indispensable high-precision part in a textile machine, a channel on the spinneret plate is used as a carrier of new synthetic fibers, and the processing quality of the spinneret plate is a key condition for ensuring the quality of finished fibers.

The channel shape of the solution spinneret orifice is generally cylindrical and different, and the different is usually conical and hyperbolic surface, wherein the most common cylindrical spinneret orifice channel is shown in the cross-sectional view of figure 1, and is composed of a guide hole chamfer 11, a guide hole 12, a transition hole 13 and a filament outlet hole 14 in sequence from the inlet to the outlet.

The guide hole 12 is not only a guide hole for spinning, but also a positioning hole for a silk outlet 14 with high precision grade (hole tolerance +/-0.002 mm), the diameter of the guide hole 12 is usually phi 1.6-phi 2.5mm, the hole depth is about 20mm, the roughness can not exceed Ra1.6, and certain requirements are also made on the linearity.

The transition hole 13 is a transition hole between the connecting guide hole 12 and the wire outlet hole 14, which affects the flow rate of the solution, the roughness of the hole surface needs to be within Ra0.8, the common angle is about 60 degrees, and the angle tolerance is within +/-1.5 degrees.

The wire outlet 14 is the most precise part of the whole solution channel, the aperture is usually phi 0.03-phi 2.0mm, the length-diameter ratio is usually 5/1-10/1, the tolerance of the hole is +/-0.002 mm, the roughness is required to be within Ra0.2, and the deviation of the coaxiality of the wire outlet and the guide hole 12 is not more than phi 0.08 mm.

Because the length of the guide hole exceeds 5 times of the diameter-length-diameter ratio, the processing belongs to the deep hole processing category, the guide hole has requirements on the linearity and the roughness, and the coaxiality of the guide hole relative to the spinneret hole is required to be within phi 0.08mm, so that the spinneret holes meeting the requirements are difficult to process on the processing of the solution spinneret holes by using drill bits and processing modes of a rocker arm drill, an automatic drilling machine, electric spark discharge, deep hole processing and the like in the conventional processing method, and multiple clamping is needed in the processing process, which enlarges the coaxiality tolerance, so that the spinneret holes of the conventional spinneret plate are manually processed by skilled personnel with abundant experience, and the quality of the spinneret holes is greatly influenced by human factors.

In addition, many key cutters for machining precise holes need to be manually ground by experienced technicians, for example, a semilunar drill for machining a spinneret hole transition hole is a semilunar drill with accurate parameters such as angle, back angle of arc of blade back, radius value of drill point head and the like, which is realized by the aid of the experienced technicians, and the inexperienced technicians are difficult to grind the semilunar drill meeting the requirements. The grinding of the most precise unthreaded hole processing tool extrusion needle (also called pear-shaped needle in the industry) of the unthreaded hole is realized by the experience of technical personnel, and the tolerance value of the outer diameter of the extrusion needle is required to be within +/-0.0015 mm, so that the grinding success rate of the technical personnel with abundant experience is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a processing cutter for a cylindrical spinneret orifice of a spunbonded non-woven fabric, which solves the problem that the existing cutter is difficult to process the spinneret orifice meeting the requirements.

The specific scheme is as follows:

a processing cutter for a cylindrical spinneret orifice of spunbonded non-woven fabric is made of hard alloy materials and comprises a drill handle and a drill rod which are coaxially arranged, wherein the outer diameter of the drill rod is not more than 3mm, a cutting part is arranged at the free end of the drill rod, a linear chip removal groove which extends along the axial direction is arranged on the cutting part, the front angle lambda of the cutting edge of the cutting part adopts a negative angle design, and the cutting edge is passivated; the cutting part has a cutting edge relief angle k1 of 10 deg. for relief grinding arc relief angle and a taper edge relief angle k2 of 3-5 deg. for relief grinding arc relief angle.

Further, the blunting value of the cutting edge front angle is r0.01mm.

Furthermore, the drill point angle of the cutting part is 140 degrees, the center eccentricity b of the drill point is 0.03mm on both sides, and the center eccentricity b of the drill point is 0.02mm on both sides.

Furthermore, the length of the chip removal groove is half of the length of the drill rod.

Further, the cutting angle δ of the cutting portion is 125 ° and the cutting angle ∈ is 25 ° to 28 °.

Furthermore, the core thickness f of the cutting part is 32% of the outer diameter of the drill rod, and the peripheral edge width e is 7% of the outer diameter of the drill rod.

Further, the cutting edge of the cutting part is also provided with an AlTiN coating.

The invention also provides a method for processing the cylindrical spinneret orifices of the spunbonded non-woven fabric, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, clamping a fixed workpiece on a machining center with the accuracy meeting the requirement, drilling a positioning hole and then a deep hole by using a fixed point drill and a deep hole drill, and machining a guide hole chamfer by using a chamfer cutter;

step 2, roughly machining a transition surface on the original clamped workpiece by using a rough machining straight fluted drill, wherein the rough machining straight fluted drill is any one of the machining tools;

step 3, roughly machining a screw hole on the original clamped workpiece by using a micro drill;

step 4, finish machining a transition surface on the original clamped workpiece by using a finish machining straight fluted drill, wherein the finish machining straight fluted drill is any one of the machining tools;

step 5, fine machining a threaded hole on the original clamped workpiece by using a micro reamer;

and blowing off the scraps in the holes before each next process.

Furthermore, when the filament outlet of the cylindrical spinneret orifice is smaller than 0.3mm, a process 21 is also provided between the process 2 and the process 3, wherein the process 21 is to use a fixed point drill to punch a fixed point on the rough machined transition surface.

Compared with the prior art, the processing cutter and the processing method of the cylindrical spinneret orifice of the spunbonded non-woven fabric have the following advantages that:

1. the chip removal groove of the machining cutter provided by the invention adopts a straight groove design to ensure the rigidity of the whole drill rod on the premise of not influencing chip containing and chip removal, and the cutting edge adopts a negative rake angle design, a subsequent passivation treatment and an AlTiN coating to ensure that the cutting edge has excellent wear resistance, high strength and anti-cracking capability. The drill point is made into a design with 140 degrees plus transition diameter phi D1 and the over-center and the eccentricity of the center of the drill point are designed within 0.03mm, so that the processing of the spinneret orifice with the diameter phi of 0.15mm is realized on the premise of meeting the rigidity of the head of the drill point, and the stable processing of the spinneret orifice with the specification of the spinneret orifice with the diameter phi of more than 0.2mm is realized.

2. The processing method of the invention can realize multiple processes on one processing center only by once clamping in place by means of the straight fluted drill, has reliable and stable process, meets the requirements on the position degree, the roundness, the straightness and the smoothness of the processed hole, eliminates the influence of manual links and improves the production efficiency. And the straight flute drill also solves the problems of slippage and hole deviation of the traditional half-moon drill in the process. The integral machining procedure of machining the central reaming hole is adopted in the process, so that the additional hole extruding procedure in the traditional process is reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a conventional cylindrical spinneret orifice.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic dimension diagram of a cylindrical spinneret orifice in one embodiment.

Fig. 3a, 3b, 3c show schematic views of the process of step 1.

Fig. 3d shows a schematic view of the process of step 2.

Fig. 3e shows a schematic view of the process of step 3.

Figure 3f shows a schematic view of the process of step 4.

Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural view of a straight fluted drill.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of the cutting portion of a straight fluted drill with c upwards.

Fig. 6 shows a cross-sectional view at B-B in fig. 4.

Fig. 7 shows a cross-sectional view at a-a in fig. 5.

Fig. 8 shows a partially enlarged view of the cutting portion of the straight fluted drill.

FIG. 9 shows a picture of a solution spinneret orifice processed by the method of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing roughness measurement data of solution spinneret holes processed by the method of the present invention.

Detailed Description

To further illustrate the various embodiments, the invention provides the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate still other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention with reference to these figures. Elements in the figures are not drawn to scale and like reference numerals are generally used to indicate like elements.

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

The invention provides a method for processing a cylindrical spinneret orifice of a spunbonded non-woven fabric, which comprises the following steps:

step 1, clamping and fixing a workpiece on a machining center with the accuracy meeting the requirement, drilling a positioning hole and then a deep hole by using a fixed point drill and a deep hole drill, and machining a guide hole chamfer by using a chamfer cutter.

And 2, roughly machining a transition surface on the original clamped workpiece by using a rough straight fluted drill.

And 3, roughly machining a screw hole on the original clamped workpiece by using a micro drill.

And 4, performing finish machining on the transition surface on the original clamped workpiece by using a finish machining straight fluted drill.

And 5, finely machining a screw hole on the original clamped workpiece by using a micro reamer.

The bottom of the hole is easy to store scraps due to the problem of hole depth, so that the processing quality of the subsequent process is influenced, and the scraps in the hole need to be blown off before each next process.

In this embodiment, the overall processing scheme is described by taking the cylindrical wire outlet with a diameter of 0.5mm in fig. 2 as an example, and the relevant dimension parameters of the cylindrical wire outlet are shown in the labels in fig. 2. Referring to fig. 3 a-3 e, the cylindrical tap hole is processed using the following process:

step 1, the workpiece 1 to be machined is clamped and fixed to a machining center, which is a machine of model S500X1 of japanese brother corporation. Then, a fixed point 10 (refer to fig. 3a) is machined on the surface of the workpiece by using a pilot drill (specification a130 × D1.5 × 3L × 3D × 38L), wherein the machining of the fixed point 10 can be realized by using a tool meeting the requirements in the prior art, so that the specific structure of the pilot drill is not described herein again, and the fixed point 10 is used for ensuring the accuracy of drilling by using a subsequent drill. After the machining of the fixed point 10 is completed, a deep hole drill (specification is D2.0 × 27L × 3D × 60L) is used to machine a guide hole 12 with a diameter of 2.0mm, the depth of the guide hole 12 is 20.79mm (refer to fig. 3b), and the machining of the guide hole 12 can be realized by a tool meeting the requirements in the prior art, so the specific structure of the deep hole drill is not described again here. Finally, a chamfer cutter (specification is A60-6D-50L) is adopted to form a guide hole chamfer 11 (refer to fig. 3c) with 60 degrees at the inlet of the guide hole 12, and the machining of the guide hole chamfer 11 can be realized by a cutter meeting the requirements in the prior art, so the specific structure of the chamfer cutter is not repeated herein.

In step 2, before the machining step 2, the chips in the guide hole 12 are blown off, and then a60 ° transition hole 13 (refer to fig. 3D) is roughly drilled by using a70 ° straight fluted drill (specification a70 × D0.5 × D1.9 × 15L × 28L × 3D × 65L) to a depth of 21.30 mm.

In step 3, before the machining step 3, the chips in the guide hole 12 are blown off, and then the wire outlet 14 (see fig. 3e) is roughly machined by using a micro drill (with the specification of D0.49 × 3.5L × D1.5 × 26L × 3D × 60L), and the wire outlet 14 is drilled through the workpiece 1.

In step 4, before the machining step 4, the chips in the via hole 12 are blown off, and then 60-degree transition holes 13 (refer to fig. 3f) are precisely drilled by using 60-degree straight fluted drills (the specification is a60 × D0.43 × D1.98 × 15L × 26L × 3D × 65L) to reach a depth of 21.60 mm.

And step 5, before the processing step 5, blowing off the scraps in the guide hole 12, and then finely processing a filament hole 14 on the original clamped workpiece 1 by using a micro reamer (with the specification of D0.5X 3L D1.5X 26L 3D 60L), namely finishing the processing of a complete solution filament hole on the workpiece.

In the processing method provided by this embodiment, the main difficulty lies in that the straight fluted drill in the step 2 and the step 4 cannot adopt the drill in the prior art, because the straight fluted drill in the prior art is limited by the design of the cutting edge of the drill, the cutting edge of the straight fluted drill is poor in rigidity and thin, and during deep hole processing with a large length-diameter ratio, the occurrence of a breakout is often caused, so that the transition hole 13 meeting the requirement cannot be processed, and the transition hole 13 is a transition hole connecting between the guide hole 12 and the filament outlet hole 14 and is a fixed point when the filament outlet hole 14 is processed, so when the processing precision of the transition hole 13 fails to meet the requirement, the maximum deviation that the coaxiality of the filament outlet hole 14 and the guide hole 12 exceeds Φ 0.08mm is often caused, and the whole solution spinneret hole is discarded.

Therefore, the embodiment also provides the straight fluted drill which can meet the machining precision requirement and is not easy to break in the machining process. Referring to fig. 4-7, the straight fluted drill is made of cemented carbide (such as GU25UF) and comprises a drill shank 20 and a drill rod 21 which are coaxially arranged, wherein the drill rod 21 has a smaller outer diameter relative to the drill shank 20, the outer diameter Φ D2 and the length of the drill rod 21 are determined according to the inner diameter of the guide hole 12, the length of the drill rod 21 is usually 2-10 mm more than the depth of the guide hole 12, and the outer diameter Φ D2 of the drill rod 21 is 0.02-0.05 mm less than the inner diameter of the guide hole 12.

The free end of the drill rod 21 is provided with a cutting part 210, the cutting part 210 is provided with a linear chip discharging groove 211 extending along the axial direction (c direction), and the length l1 of the chip discharging groove 211 is half of the length l2 (also called as clearance length) of the drill rod 21, so that the chip discharging capacity and the strength of the drill rod 21 can be ensured.

The diameter phi D1 of the drill point head is designed according to the diameter of the wire outlet hole 14, and during finish machining, the diameter phi D1 of the drill point head is-0.05 mm-0.1 mm of the diameter of the wire outlet hole; during rough machining, the diameter phi D1 of the drill point head is +/-0.02 mm of the diameter of the wire outlet hole.

The drilling included angle θ is 140 °, and the taper angle α is determined according to the taper of the transition hole 13, and as the taper of the transition hole 13 is 60 ° in this embodiment, the taper angle α during rough machining is 70 °, and the taper angle α during finish machining is 60 °. The eccentric amount b of the center of the drill point is 0.03mm (double sides), the over-center amount of the center of the drill point is 0.02mm (double sides), the core thickness f is 32 percent of the outer diameter of the drill rod 21, and the circumferential edge width e is 7 percent of the outer diameter of the drill rod 21.

The cutting edge of the cutting portion 210 is blunted to improve the smoothness of the peripheral wall of the transition hole 13, and the cutting angle delta is 125 degrees, and the cutting angle epsilon is 25-28 degrees.

In addition, the cutting edge clearance angle k1 of the cutting part 210 is relief arc clearance angle 10 °, the taper edge clearance angle k2 is relief arc clearance angle 3 ° to 5 °, and the edge rake angle λ is designed to be a negative angle (in this embodiment, minus 5 °), so as to enhance the strength of the edge and prevent the edge from breaking during machining.

The chip removal groove 211 of the straight flute drill provided by the embodiment adopts the straight flute design to ensure the rigidity of the whole drill rod 21 on the premise of not influencing chip containing and chip removal, and the cutting edge adopts the negative rake angle design, the subsequent passivation treatment (the passivation value is r0.01mm) and the AlTiN coating to ensure that the cutting edge has excellent wear resistance, high strength and anti-collapse capability. The drill point is made into a 140-degree transition diameter phi D1, and the design that the center excessive center and the eccentric center of the drill point are within 0.03mm is realized (the cross blade length of the drill point is less than 0.06mm), so that the processing of the spinneret orifice with the diameter phi of 0.15mm is realized on the premise of meeting the rigidity of the head of the drill point, and the stable processing of the spinneret orifice with the specification of the spinneret orifice with the diameter phi of more than 0.2mm is realized.

According to the processing method, multiple processes can be realized on one processing center by means of the straight fluted drill, only one-time clamping is needed, the process is reliable and stable, and the position degree, the roundness, the straightness and the smoothness of the processed hole can meet the requirements, so that the influence of manual links is eliminated, and the production efficiency is improved. And the straight flute drill also solves the problems of slippage and hole deviation of the traditional half-moon drill in the process. The integral machining procedure of machining the central reaming hole is adopted in the process, so that the additional hole extruding procedure in the traditional process is reduced.

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, fig. 9 is a picture of a solution spinneret hole manufactured by the cutter and the processing method, fig. 10 is a picture of roughness measurement data of the solution spinneret hole, and the roughness of the spinneret hole is detected to be ra0.094 by a KEYENCE (KEYENCE) model VK-X1100 instrument, which meets the requirement of the industry ra0.2.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a processing cutter of cylindrical spinneret orifice of spunbonded nonwoven, it is made by carbide material, including coaxial drill handle and the drilling rod that sets up, the external diameter of drilling rod is no longer than 3mm, has cutting part, its characterized in that on its free end: the cutting part is provided with a linear chip removal groove which extends along the axial direction, the front angle lambda of the cutting edge of the cutting part adopts a negative angle design, and the cutting edge is passivated; the cutting part has a cutting edge relief angle k1 of 10 deg. for relief grinding arc relief angle and a taper edge relief angle k2 of 3-5 deg. for relief grinding arc relief angle.

2. The machine tool of claim 1, wherein: the passivation value of the cutting edge front angle is r0.01mm.

3. The machine tool of claim 1, wherein: the drill point angle of the cutting part is 140 degrees, the center eccentricity b of the drill point is 0.03mm on both sides, and the center eccentricity b of the drill point is 0.02mm on both sides.

4. The machine tool of claim 1, wherein: the length of the chip removal groove is half of the length of the drill rod.

5. The machine tool of claim 1, wherein: the cutting part has a cut-out angle delta of 125 DEG and a cut-in angle epsilon of 25 DEG to 28 deg.

6. The machine tool of claim 1, wherein: the core thickness f of the cutting part is 32% of the outer diameter of the drill rod, and the peripheral edge width e is 7% of the outer diameter of the drill rod.

7. The machine tool of claim 1, wherein: the cutting edge of the cutting part is also provided with an AlTiN coating.

8. A method for processing a cylindrical spinneret orifice of a spunbonded non-woven fabric is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step 2, roughly machining a transition surface on the original clamped workpiece by using a rough machining straight fluted drill, wherein the rough machining straight fluted drill is the machining tool in any one of claims 1 to 7;

step 4, performing finish machining on the transition surface on the original clamped workpiece by using a finish machining straight fluted drill, wherein the finish machining straight fluted drill is the machining tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7;

and blowing off the scraps in the holes before each next process.

9. The machine tool of claim 8, wherein: when the filament outlet of the cylindrical spinneret orifice is less than 0.3mm, a process 21 is also provided between the process 2 and the process 3, and the process 21 is to use a fixed point drill to punch a fixed point on the rough machined transition surface.