CN112845494A - Method for preparing sewage treatment material by utilizing agricultural waste - Google Patents
Method for preparing sewage treatment material by utilizing agricultural waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN112845494A CN112845494A CN202011406580.6A CN202011406580A CN112845494A CN 112845494 A CN112845494 A CN 112845494A CN 202011406580 A CN202011406580 A CN 202011406580A CN 112845494 A CN112845494 A CN 112845494A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010908 plant waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010907 stover Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneiron Chemical compound [C].[Fe] QMQXDJATSGGYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000149 chemical water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012272 crop production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 printing and dyeing Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46176—Galvanic cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a sewage treatment material by utilizing agricultural waste, which comprises the following steps: step 1) heating agricultural waste to 200 ℃ in nitrogen, and keeping for 2 h; 2) soaking the dehydrated waste in an iron salt solution for 8 hours, draining the liquid and drying; 3) sintering the material body in nitrogen at 1200 ℃ for 6h, cooling to room temperature and taking out; 4) the body was kept under nitrogen.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of environment-friendly materials, and relates to a method for preparing a sewage treatment material by using agricultural waste.
Background
The iron-carbon micro-electrolysis method is also called as an internal electrolysis method, which utilizes the reaction principle of a Fe/C primary battery, integrates the functions of electrochemical oxidation reduction, electrochemical electricity on the electric enrichment of flocs, the condensation of electrochemical reaction products, the adsorption of new flocs, bed filtration and the like, and realizes the effective treatment of wastewater. Has the advantages of wide application range, good treatment effect, long service life, low cost, convenient operation and maintenance and the like, and has the meaning of treating wastes with processes of wastes against one another. At present, the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis technology is widely applied to treatment of waste water such as printing and dyeing, pesticides/pharmacy, heavy metals, petrochemical industry, oil content and the like and landfill leachate, and achieves good effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows: a large amount of waste materials such as straws, crop waste residues and the like can be generated in crop production, the conventional incineration treatment often causes resource waste and environmental pollution, and the method for preparing the water treatment material based on the iron-carbon micro-electrolysis technology by using the straws and the waste residues in agricultural production has social significance of changing waste into valuable.
The technical scheme is as follows:
a method for preparing a sewage treatment material by utilizing agricultural waste comprises the following steps:
(1) heating agricultural waste to 200 ℃ in nitrogen, and keeping for 2h for dehydration;
(2) soaking the dehydrated waste in an iron salt solution for 8 hours, draining the liquid and drying;
(3) sintering the material body in nitrogen at 1200 ℃ for 4h, cooling to room temperature and taking out;
(4) the body was kept under nitrogen.
Further, the agricultural waste in the step (1) is corn straw, sorghum straw, bagasse or other crop waste with a porous structure.
Further, the heating temperature in the step (1) is 180-.
Further, the ferric salt in the step (2) is one or a combination of ferric chloride and ferrous chloride, and the concentration of the ferric salt solution is 5-10%.
Further, in the step (3), the sintering condition is that the heating rate is 150 ℃/h between 50 ℃ and 200 ℃, the temperature is kept for 1h at 200 ℃, the heating rate is 200 ℃/h between 200 ℃ and 1200 ℃, and the sintered product is cooled to the room temperature along with the furnace after being sintered for 4h at 1200 ℃.
The sewage treatment material prepared by the method for preparing the sewage treatment material by utilizing the agricultural waste can be used for COD reduction and decoloration treatment of sewage with COD less than 1000mg/L, and the treatment method comprises the steps of adding the water treatment material according to 0.5-5% of the total amount of the sewage, adjusting the pH to 4-6, stirring for 8 hours, naturally settling for 1 hour, and filtering out a settled product.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the change in COD of a sewage material treated in the first example.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing changes in COD of sewage materials treated in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4.
Advantageous effects
The method utilizes the agricultural waste to produce the sewage treatment material, has the advantages of low cost, energy conservation and environmental protection, integrates the dual effects of oxidation and electrolysis, and has remarkable advantage for removing COD in the sewage.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows:
(1) removing soil from 10kg of corn straws, putting the corn straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen, heating to 200 ℃, and keeping for 2 hours for dehydration;
(2) soaking the dehydrated corn straws in 50L of 5% ferric chloride solution for 8h, draining the liquid and drying;
(3) putting the straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen for heating, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 1h at the temperature rise rate of 150 ℃/h between 50 ℃ and 200 ℃, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 200 ℃/h at the temperature rise rate of 200 ℃/h between 200 ℃ and 1200 ℃, sintering for 4h at 1200 ℃, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
(4) filling nitrogen into the material body and preserving the material body for later use.
Example two:
(1) removing soil from 10kg of corn straws, putting the corn straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen, heating to 200 ℃, and keeping for 2 hours for dehydration;
(2) soaking the dehydrated corn straws in 50L of 8% ferric chloride solution for 8h, draining the liquid and drying;
(3) putting the straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen for heating, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 1h at the temperature rise rate of 150 ℃/h between 50 ℃ and 200 ℃, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 200 ℃/h at the temperature rise rate of 200 ℃/h between 200 ℃ and 1200 ℃, sintering for 4h at 1200 ℃, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
(4) filling nitrogen into the material body and preserving the material body for later use.
Example three:
(1) removing soil from 10kg of corn straws, putting the corn straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen, heating to 200 ℃, and keeping for 2 hours for dehydration;
(2) soaking the dehydrated corn straws in 50L of 10% ferric chloride solution for 8h, draining the liquid and drying;
(3) putting the straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen for heating, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 1h at the temperature rise rate of 150 ℃/h between 50 ℃ and 200 ℃, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 200 ℃/h at the temperature rise rate of 200 ℃/h between 200 ℃ and 1200 ℃, sintering for 4h at 1200 ℃, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
(4) filling nitrogen into the material body and preserving the material body for later use.
Example four:
(1) removing soil from 10kg of corn straws, putting the corn straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen, heating to 200 ℃, and keeping for 2 hours for dehydration;
(2) soaking the dehydrated corn straws in 50L of 5% ferrous chloride solution for 8h, draining the liquid and drying;
(3) putting the straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen for heating, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 1h at the temperature rise rate of 150 ℃/h between 50 ℃ and 200 ℃, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 200 ℃/h at the temperature rise rate of 200 ℃/h between 200 ℃ and 1200 ℃, sintering for 4h at 1200 ℃, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
(4) filling nitrogen into the material body and preserving the material body for later use.
Example five:
(1) putting 10kg of bagasse into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen, heating to 200 ℃, and keeping for 2 hours for dehydration;
(2) soaking the dewatered bagasse in 30L 5% ferric chloride solution for 8 hr, draining off liquid and drying;
(3) putting bagasse into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen gas for heating, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 1h at the temperature rise rate of 150 ℃/h between 50 ℃ and 200 ℃, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 200 ℃/h at the temperature rise rate of 200 ℃/h between 200 ℃ and 1200 ℃, sintering for 4h at 1200 ℃, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
(4) filling nitrogen into the material body and preserving the material body for later use.
Comparative example one:
(1) removing soil from 10kg of corn straws, putting the corn straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen, heating to 200 ℃, and keeping for 2 hours for dehydration;
(2) soaking the dehydrated corn straws in 50L of 1% ferric chloride solution for 8h, draining the liquid and drying;
(3) putting the straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen for heating, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 1h at the temperature rise rate of 150 ℃/h between 50 ℃ and 200 ℃, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 200 ℃/h at the temperature rise rate of 200 ℃/h between 200 ℃ and 1200 ℃, sintering for 4h at 1200 ℃, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
(4) filling nitrogen into the material body and preserving the material body for later use.
Comparative example two:
(1) removing soil from 10kg of corn straws, putting the corn straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen, heating to 200 ℃, and keeping for 2 hours for dehydration;
(2) soaking the dehydrated corn straws in 50L of 3% ferric chloride solution for 8h, draining the liquid and drying;
(3) putting the straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen for heating, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 1h at the temperature rise rate of 150 ℃/h between 50 ℃ and 200 ℃, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 200 ℃/h at the temperature rise rate of 200 ℃/h between 200 ℃ and 1200 ℃, sintering for 4h at 1200 ℃, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
(4) filling nitrogen into the material body and preserving the material body for later use.
Comparative example three:
(1) removing soil from 10kg of corn straws, putting the corn straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen, heating to 200 ℃, and keeping for 2 hours for dehydration;
(2) soaking the dehydrated corn stalks in 50L of 12% ferric chloride solution for 8h, draining the liquid and drying;
(3) putting the straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen for heating, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 1h at the temperature rise rate of 150 ℃/h between 50 ℃ and 200 ℃, keeping the temperature at 200 ℃ for 200 ℃/h at the temperature rise rate of 200 ℃/h between 200 ℃ and 1200 ℃, sintering for 4h at 1200 ℃, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace;
(4) filling nitrogen into the material body and preserving the material body for later use.
Comparative example four:
(1) removing soil from 10kg of corn straws, putting the corn straws into a muffle furnace, introducing nitrogen, heating to 200 ℃, and keeping for 2 hours for dehydration;
(2) mixing the dehydrated corn straws with iron filings with equal weight;
(3) filling nitrogen into the material body and preserving the material body for later use.
Experiment 1: the experiment of example 1 was carried out, the water sample was 830mg/L of wastewater from a certain dyeing mill, after flocculation and sedimentation, 1L of wastewater was taken from each of 3 experimental groups, 15g of material was added, the pH was adjusted to 3, 5 and 7 with sulfuric acid, stirring was continued, and the change of COD in the water sample was recorded for 1-8 hours, the results are shown in FIG. 1.
Experiment 2: the experiments of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-4 were carried out, the water samples were the same as those of experiment 1, 1L of wastewater was taken from each of 7 experimental groups, 15g of the material was added, the pH was adjusted to 4 with sulfuric acid, stirring was continued, and the change in COD of the water sample was recorded for 1-8 hours, and the results are shown in FIG. 2.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing a sewage treatment material by utilizing agricultural wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) heating agricultural waste to 200 ℃ in nitrogen, and keeping for 2h for dehydration;
(2) soaking the dehydrated waste in an iron salt solution for 8 hours, draining the liquid and drying;
(3) sintering the material body in nitrogen at 1200 ℃ for 4h, cooling to room temperature and taking out;
(4) the body was kept under nitrogen.
2. The method for preparing sewage treatment material using agricultural waste according to claim 1, wherein the agricultural waste in the step (1) is corn stover, sorghum straw, bagasse or other crop waste with porous structure.
3. The method for preparing sewage treatment material using agricultural waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating temperature in step (1) is 180-250 ℃.
4. The method for preparing sewage treatment material by using agricultural waste material according to claim 1, wherein the iron salt in step (2) is one or a combination of ferric chloride and ferrous chloride, and the concentration of the iron salt solution is 5-10%.
5. The method for preparing a sewage treatment material using agricultural waste according to claim 1, wherein the sintering conditions in step (3) are a heating rate of 150 ℃/h between 50 ℃ and 200 ℃, a heat preservation time of 1h at 200 ℃, a heating rate of 200 ℃/h between 200 ℃ and 1200 ℃, and furnace cooling to room temperature after sintering for 4h at 1200 ℃.
6. The method for preparing a sewage treatment material using agricultural wastes according to claim 1, wherein the sewage treatment material is prepared by adding a water treatment material in an amount of 0.5-5% of the total amount of sewage, adjusting pH to 4-6, stirring for 8 hours, settling for 1 hour, and filtering the settled product.
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Application publication date: 20210528 |