CN112843037A - 一种反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸联合抑制酪氨酸酶活性的方法 - Google Patents
一种反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸联合抑制酪氨酸酶活性的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种反式4‑羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸联合抑制酪氨酸酶活性的方法,属于果蔬精深加工技术领域。本发明所述的方法中采用的酪氨酸酶抑制剂以反式4‑羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸为原料,经过不同配比混合后明显增强了酪氨酸酶活性的抑制能力,混合后的酪氨酸酶抑制率较单一成分提高70%左右。本发明的方法中所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂中反式4‑羟基肉桂酸的浓度为2‑12mM,阿魏酸的浓度为2‑12mM。本发明的方法或者酪氨酸酶抑制剂可用于抑制果蔬的褐变、延长果蔬产品保质期、制备具有美白功效的化妆品或治疗黑色素分泌过多的药物制剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸联合抑制酪氨酸酶活性的方法,属于果蔬精深加工技术领域。
背景技术
酪氨酸酶,又称多酚氧化酶,是一种含双铜原子的氧化酶。酪氨酸酶在人体内可以以L-DOPA为底物,经过多重氧化反应最终生成黑色素,过多的黑色素的积累会导致色素沉着、黄褐斑、黑斑、甚至是黑素瘤等皮肤疾病;在果蔬中,会由于催化反应导致果蔬产品的褐变,从而降低果蔬产品的感官品质和营养品质。而酪氨酸酶抑制剂可以通过抑制酪氨酸酶的活性降低酪氨酸酶引起的不利影响。目前市场上所用的酪氨酸酶抑制剂种类十分有限,维生素C安全性好但抑制效果较低,曲酸抑制活性好但有致癌作用,熊果苷安全性好但价格高昂。因此,开发一种高效低毒的酪氨酸酶抑制剂具有重要意义和广泛的应用前景。
近年来,随着对酪氨酸酶抑制剂的不断研究,酚类物质由于其分布广泛性、安全性而受到人们的广泛关注。协同或结合作用是提高多酚酪氨酸酶抑制能力的常见方法。其中,反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸皆属于天然产物,来源广泛,相对安全低毒,生物活性多样。单独以反式4-羟基肉桂酸或阿魏酸作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂时,存在抑制效果较差的问题。
发明内容
为了解决上述至少一个问题,本发明提供了一种反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸联合抑制酪氨酸酶活性的方法,有效地提高反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用,解决了单独以反式4-羟基肉桂酸或阿魏酸作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂时存在的抑制效果较差的问题;而且反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸皆属于天然产物,来源广泛,相对安全低毒,生物活性多样。
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种酪氨酸酶抑制剂,其组分包括反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸,其中反式4-羟基肉桂酸的结构式如式Ⅰ:
阿魏酸的结构式如式Ⅱ:
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂中反式4-羟基肉桂酸的浓度为2-12mM,阿魏酸的浓度为2-12mM;进一步优选为反式4-羟基肉桂酸的浓度为6-10mM,阿魏酸的浓度为6-10mM。
本发明的第二个目的是本发明所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂在美容保健、色素型皮肤病的治疗、病虫害防治以及食品保鲜等方面的应用。
本发明的第三个目的是包含本发明所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂的产品。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述的产品包括具有美白功效的化妆品或治疗黑色素分泌过多的药物制剂。
本发明的第四个目的是提供一种反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸联合抑制酪氨酸酶活性的方法,所述的方法是采用本发明所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂和底物L-DOPA溶液的体积比为100-20μL:2.5-3mL。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述的底物L-DOPA溶液的浓度为2-3mM。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂和酪氨酸酶溶液的体积比为100-200:100-200。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述的氨酸酶溶液的浓度为0.1-0.3mg/mL。
本发明的第五个目的是本发明所述的方法在果蔬精深加工方面的应用。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述的应用是抑制果蔬的褐变或者延长果蔬产品保质期。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明采用反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸按照不同比例混合制备得到了酪氨酸酶抑制剂,本发明制备得到的酪氨酸酶抑制剂作用远远高于单独以反式4-羟基肉桂酸或阿魏酸作为酪氨酸酶抑制剂时的抑制效果。
(2)当本发明所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂中反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸的浓度配比分别增加至8:8和10:10时,酪氨酸酶的抑制率分别为(79.81±4.04%)和(90.44±2.34%)。
(3)本发明的酪氨酸酶抑制剂既可以与游离酶结合,也可以与酶-底物的复合物相结合,从而抑制酪氨酸酶的活性,且KIS(70.97μg/mL)>KI(24.44μg/mL),说明酪氨酸酶抑制剂与酶-底物的复合物结合占主导地位。
附图说明
图1为实施例4中采用Lineweaver-Burk双倒数作图法,以底物浓度的倒数1/[S]对反应速度的倒数1/v作图得到的图片。
图2为实施例4中对Lineweaver-Burk双倒数作图进行二次作图,为酪氨酸酶的抑制动力学,用于KI值的计算。
图3为实施例4中对Lineweaver-Burk双倒数作图进行二次作图,为酪氨酸酶的抑制动力学,用于KIS值的计算。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的优选实施例进行说明,应当理解实施例是为了更好地解释本发明,不用于限制本发明。
测试方法:
酪氨酸酶抑制率的计算公式:酪氨酸酶抑制率(%)=[1-(B2-B1)/(A2-A1)]×100
其中,A1和A2表示空白组在0min和15min时的吸光值,B1和B2表示样品在0min和15min时的吸光值。
实施例1
一种反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸联合抑制酪氨酸酶活性的方法,包括如下步骤:
用电子天平准确称取左旋多巴L-DOPA粉末0.0243g于棕色试剂瓶中,用pH为6.8的磷酸缓冲液配置成浓度为2.5mM的多巴溶液;然后分别准确称取反式4-羟基肉桂酸0.016g和阿魏酸0.019g于烧杯中,并用无水甲醇定容至10mL,得到浓度为10mM的多酚储备液,然后将上述储备液稀释成2mM、4mM、6mM、8mM的待测样品溶液。准确吸取多巴溶液2.7mL,加入100μL的待测样品溶液,最后加入100μL浓度为0.2mg/mL的酪氨酸酶溶液,在30℃下孵育15分钟后通过分光光度法测定其对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用。
将上述不同处理后的溶液稀释成不同浓度,通过分光光度法测定其对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用;测试结果如表1所示;从表1可以看出:反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸的联合可以明显加强样品对酪氨酸酶活性的抑制作用;当反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸的浓度配比分别增加至8:8和10:10时,酪氨酸酶的抑制率分别为(79.81±4.04%)和(90.44±2.34%)。
表1 L-DOPA浓度为2.5mM时不同配比的酪氨酸酶抑制剂对酪氨酸酶(0.2mg/mL)的抑制作用
CA:FA | 2:0 | 4:0 | 6:0 | 8:0 | 10:0 |
IR(%) | -17.11±1.34 | -27.47±1.53 | -18.55±1.30 | -9.40±0.98 | 22.17±1.38 |
CA:FA | 0:2 | 0:4 | 0:6 | 0:8 | 0:10 |
IR(%) | -13.16±1.64 | -16.46±1.46 | -13.92±1.29 | -4.56±1.01 | 12.15±1.59 |
CA:FA | 2:2 | 2:4 | 2:6 | 2:8 | 2:10 |
IR(%) | -17.67±1.27 | -14.32±1.08 | -5.82±1.02 | 23.05±1.58 | 34.68±1.70 |
CA:FA | 4:2 | 4:4 | 4:6 | 4:8 | 4:10 |
IR(%) | -23.76±1.04 | -2.49±1.36 | 16.74±0.98 | 41.40±1.01 | 67.87±1.98 |
CA:FA | 6:2 | 6:4 | 6:6 | 6:8 | 6:10 |
IR(%) | -10.09±4.20 | 15.60±2.99 | 48.17±3.98 | 68.58±3.35 | 70.36±2.47 |
CA:FA | 8:2 | 8:4 | 8:6 | 8:8 | 8:10 |
IR(%) | 8.81±2.84 | 47.80±4.36 | 71.93±3.87 | 79.81±4.04 | 87.47±4.02 |
CA:FA | 10:2 | 10:4 | 10:6 | 10:8 | 10:10 |
IR(%) | 43.82±1.02 | 55.94±1.09 | 84.62±3.10 | 88.58±2.67 | 90.44±2.34 |
注:CA:反式4-羟基肉桂酸;FA:阿魏酸;IR:酪氨酸酶抑制率
实施例2
一种反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸联合抑制酪氨酸酶活性的方法,包括如下步骤:
用电子天平准确称取L-DOPA粉末0.0292g于棕色试剂瓶中,用pH为6.8的磷酸缓冲液配置成浓度为3mM的多巴溶液;然后分别准确称取反式4-羟基肉桂酸0.016g和阿魏酸0.019g于烧杯中,并用无水甲醇定容至10mL,得到浓度为10mM的多酚储备液,然后将上述储备液稀释成不同浓度(6mM、8mM、10mM)的酪氨酸酶抑制剂溶液;准确吸取多巴溶液2.7mL,加入100μL的酪氨酸酶抑制剂溶液,最后加入100μL浓度为0.2mg/mL的酪氨酸酶溶液,在30℃下孵育15分钟后通过分光光度法测定酪氨酸酶抑制剂对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用,测试结果见表2。
从表2可以看出:当L-DOPA浓度增加至3mM时,反式4-羟基肉桂酸与阿魏酸浓度配比为10:0时酪氨酸酶抑制率为(18.56±1.18%),反式4-羟基肉桂酸与阿魏酸浓度配比为0:10时酪氨酸酶抑制率为(7.87±1.03%),反式4-羟基肉桂酸与阿魏酸浓度配比为10:10时酪氨酸酶抑制率为(86.84±1.02%)。对实施例1相比,反式4-羟基肉桂酸与阿魏酸的联合可以明显增强酪氨酸酶抑制剂对于酪氨酸酶的抑制效果,但增强作用不如实施例1中的底物浓度。
表2 L-DOPA浓度为3mM时不同配比的酪氨酸酶抑制剂对酪氨酸酶(0.2mg/mL)的抑制作用
CA:FA | 6:0 | 8:0 | 10:0 |
IR(%) | -20.53±1.23 | -15.12±0.87 | 18.56±1.18 |
CA:FA | 0:6 | 0:8 | 0:10 |
IR(%) | -16.90±2.11 | -10.16±0.99 | 7.87±1.03 |
CA:FA | 6:6 | 6:8 | 6:10 |
IR(%) | 42.71±4.02 | 62.51±4.34 | 68.19±3.33 |
CA:FA | 8:6 | 8:8 | 8:10 |
IR(%) | 63.93±2.98 | 70.81±3.03 | 80.23±4.22 |
CA:FA | 10:6 | 10:8 | 10:10 |
IR(%) | 74.84±3.00 | 81.85±2.74 | 86.84±1.02 |
注:CA:反式4-羟基肉桂酸;FA:阿魏酸;IR:酪氨酸酶抑制率
实施例3
一种反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸联合抑制酪氨酸酶活性的方法,包括如下步骤:
用电子天平准确称取L-DOPA粉末0.0243g于棕色试剂瓶中,用pH为6.8的磷酸缓冲液配置成浓度为2.5mM的多巴溶液;然后分别准确称取反式4-羟基肉桂酸0.016g和阿魏酸0.019g于烧杯中,并用无水甲醇定容至10mL,得到浓度为10mM的多酚储备液,然后将上述储备液稀释成不同浓度(6mM、8mM、10mM)的酪氨酸酶抑制剂溶液;准确吸取多巴溶液2.7mL,加入100μL的酪氨酸酶抑制剂溶液,最后加入100μL浓度为0.25mg/mL的酪氨酸酶溶液,在30℃下孵育15分钟后通过分光光度法测定酪氨酸酶抑制剂对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用,测试结果见表3。
从表3可以看出:当酪氨酸酶溶液浓度增加至0.25mg/mL时,反式4-羟基肉桂酸与阿魏酸浓度配比为10:0时酪氨酸酶抑制率为(15.64±1.12%),反式4-羟基肉桂酸与阿魏酸浓度配比为0:10时酪氨酸酶抑制率为(12.37±2.22%),反式4-羟基肉桂酸与阿魏酸浓度配比为10:10时酪氨酸酶抑制率为(84.46±4.67%)。与实施例1、2相比,反式4-羟基肉桂酸与阿魏酸的联合作用可以增强酪氨酸酶抑制剂对酪氨酸酶的抑制作用,但增强作用不如实施例1中的条件,与实施例2中的作用效果较为接近。
表3 L-DOPA浓度为2.5mM时不同配比的酪氨酸酶抑制剂对酪氨酸酶(0.25mg/mL)的抑制作用
CA:FA | 6:0 | 8:0 | 10:0 |
IR(%) | -22.35±2.65 | -14.64±3.20 | 15.64±1.12 |
CA:FA | 0:6 | 0:8 | 0:10 |
IR(%) | -19.65±3.24 | -10.23±1.00 | 12.37±2.22 |
CA:FA | 6:6 | 6:8 | 6:10 |
IR(%) | 40.01±4.06 | 60.34±4.28 | 70.36±3.69 |
CA:FA | 8:6 | 8:8 | 8:10 |
IR(%) | 65.13±2.02 | 71.29±4.03 | 78.35±4.45 |
CA:FA | 10:6 | 10:8 | 10:10 |
IR(%) | 70.14±3.40 | 78.02±3.95 | 84.46±4.67 |
注:CA:反式4-羟基肉桂酸;FA:阿魏酸;IR:酪氨酸酶抑制率
实施例4
以L-DOPA为底物研究酪氨酸酶抑制剂对酪氨酸酶的抑制类型,沿用上述酪氨酸酶抑制活性评价的反应体系,固定酪氨酸酶浓度为0.2mg/mL,改变底物浓度,测定加入不同浓度酪氨酸酶抑制剂对酪氨酸酶活性的影响。
如图1-图3所示,采用Lineweaver-Burk双倒数作图法,以底物浓度的倒数1/[S]对反应速度的倒数1/v作图,可以得到一组斜率不同且相交于第二象限的直线,说明该酪氨酸酶抑制剂是混合型抑制剂,也就是说该酪氨酸酶抑制剂既可以与游离酶结合,也可以与酶-底物的复合物相结合,从而抑制酪氨酸酶的活性。且KIS(70.97μg/mL)>KI(24.44μg/mL),说明抑制剂与酶-底物的复合物结合占主导地位。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
Claims (10)
1.一种酪氨酸酶抑制剂,其特征在于,其组分包括反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂,其特征在于,所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂中反式4-羟基肉桂酸的浓度为2-12mM,阿魏酸的浓度为2-12mM。
5.权利要求1-4任一项所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂在美容保健、色素型皮肤病的治疗、病虫害防治或食品保鲜方面的应用。
6.包含权利要求1-4任一项所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂的产品。
7.一种反式4-羟基肉桂酸和阿魏酸联合抑制酪氨酸酶活性的方法,其特征在于,所述的方法是采用权利要求1-4任一项所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂和底物L-DOPA溶液的体积比为100-20μL:2.5-3mL;所述的底物L-DOPA溶液的浓度为2-3mM。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的酪氨酸酶抑制剂和酪氨酸酶溶液的体积比为100-200:100-200;所述的氨酸酶溶液的浓度为0.1-0.3mg/mL。
10.权利要求7-9任一项所述的方法在在果蔬精深加工方面的应用。
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