CN112839343A - RF terminal equipment full-coverage method facing cellular unit - Google Patents
RF terminal equipment full-coverage method facing cellular unit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a full coverage method of RF terminal equipment facing to a cellular unit, which comprises the following steps: s1, clustering the terminal equipment by using K-mean clustering with capacity limit to the area where the cellular unit is located, and taking the clustering center as the candidate position of the RF base station; s2, calculating the path loss between the RF base station candidate position and the terminal equipment by using the wireless signal propagation model, and judging whether the path loss between the RF base station candidate position and all the terminal equipment meets a preset threshold value; if yes, S3, outputting the RF base station candidate position as the RF base station position; otherwise, S4, judging that the signal is unreachable, classifying the terminal equipment into unreachable signal equipment, increasing the weight of the unreachable signal equipment in the calculation of the clustering center, and S2 recalculating the clustering center; s5, judging whether the times of recalculating the clustering center reach the preset maximum iteration times; if yes, S6, add repeater to realize the global coverage of RF base station signal, and output the RF base station location.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geographic information systems and intelligent power distribution and utilization systems, in particular to a full coverage method of RF terminal equipment facing to a cellular unit.
Background
With the development of the RF terminal device in the automatic metering system, the RF terminal device is greatly applied and popularized in different fields such as water supply, gas, electric power, heating, reclaimed water, hot water, and the like. The area where the RF terminal equipment is deployed for the first time utilizes related technologies such as a geographic information system and a wireless communication technology to simulate the signal coverage of the RF base station, and becomes an important reference basis in the scheme design and engineering implementation stages.
In the prior art, coverage of the terminal device mainly utilizes a base station signal coverage simulation technology, and the quality of the coverage of the terminal device mainly depends on the selection of the base station position, namely, the arrangement strategy of the base station needs to be considered, and the strategies usually select the geometric center of the terminal in the area or calculate the geographic position based on other strategies.
However, in an actual environment, due to the occlusion of terrain or ground objects, there is still a case where signals cannot be connected between the RF base station and the RF terminal device located close to the RF base station, and therefore it is difficult to select a base station location that can satisfy the full coverage of the RF terminal device.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a full coverage method of RF terminal equipment facing to a cellular unit, which overcomes the terrain and environment shielding factors and realizes full coverage of the RF terminal equipment.
In order to solve the above technical problem, an embodiment of the present invention provides a full coverage method for an RF terminal device facing a cellular unit, including:
s1, clustering the terminal equipment by using K-mean clustering with capacity limit to the area where the cellular unit is located, and taking the clustering center as the candidate position of the RF base station;
s2, calculating the path loss between the RF base station candidate position and the terminal equipment by using a wireless signal propagation model, and judging whether the path loss between the RF base station candidate position and all the terminal equipment meets a preset threshold value;
if yes, S3, outputting the candidate position of the RF base station as the position of the RF base station; otherwise, S4, judging that the signal is not reachable, classifying the terminal equipment into signal-unreachable equipment, increasing the weight of the signal-unreachable equipment in the calculation of the clustering center, and turning to S2 to recalculate the clustering center;
s5, judging whether the times of recalculating the clustering center reach the preset maximum iteration times;
if yes, S6, add relay equipment to realize the global coverage of RF base station signal, and output the RF base station location.
Wherein the S1 includes:
determining whether the number of terminal devices in the area of the cell is below the RF base station capacity limit;
if not, the number of the RF base stations Cb＝floor(Ce/Ct) Classifying the terminal device as C by K-mean clustering with capacity limitationbClustering, calculating the geometric center of each cluster as the candidate position of the RF base station, wherein floor (x) is the rounding-up operation, CbRepresenting the number of RF base stations, CeIndicating the number of terminal devices in the cell, CtRepresenting the RF base station capacity.
Wherein the S6 includes:
s61, calculating the relative azimuth angle of the signal reachable terminal equipment relative to the signal unreachable terminal equipment by taking the position of the wireless base station where the cellular unit is located as a reference point;
s62, selecting a minimum azimuth side of the relative azimuths, calculating a path loss between the candidate relay device and the radio base station and a path loss between the candidate relay device and the RF terminal device, and determining whether or not a path loss threshold is satisfied at the same time;
if yes, S63, selecting the position of the candidate relay device as the relay device position; otherwise, S64, selecting candidate relay points in order according to the principle that the starting side of the order selection is replaced once per iteration, and turning to S62 until the threshold of the iteration times is met.
Wherein, the step S6 is followed by the step:
s7, the candidate relay equipment is arranged at the position where the relay equipment can not be obtained, the signal unreachable equipment is taken as a reference, the due north direction is taken as an initial direction, the average signal coverage range of the relay equipment is taken as a radius, one candidate relay point is arranged at intervals of a preset angle range, the path loss between the candidate relay equipment of the candidate relay point and the previous stage relay equipment and the path loss between the candidate relay equipment and the RF terminal equipment are calculated, and if the path loss threshold value is met at the same time;
if so, S8, determining the position of the candidate relay point as the position of the secondary relay device, otherwise, S9, continuing to spread to the periphery based on the candidate relay point, and obtaining the position of the secondary relay device.
Wherein the S9 further includes:
and taking a connecting line from an inaccessible device point to the relay candidate point as an axial direction, axially extending once, and extending once at a left preset angle and a right preset angle, wherein each relay candidate point generates 3-5 secondary candidate points, calculating path loss, and acquiring a relay path capable of being communicated, otherwise, continuing to extend preset secondary candidate points outwards on the basis of the extended secondary candidate points until a communicated relay path is generated.
Wherein the S9 further includes:
and taking a connecting line from an unreachable device point to the relay candidate point as an axial direction, axially extending once, and extending once at an equal angle of 30-45 degrees from the left and the right, so as to obtain the secondary candidate point from the relay candidate point in an extending way.
Wherein the S9 further includes:
the number of the secondary candidate points generated by each relay candidate point is equal.
The wireless signal propagation model is an Okumura-Hata propagation model, a COST231-Hata propagation model or a COST231 Walffish-lkegami propagation model.
Compared with the prior art, the cellular unit-oriented RF terminal equipment full-coverage method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
the RF terminal equipment full-coverage method facing the cellular unit, provided by the embodiment of the invention, clusters the terminal equipment by taking the area where the cellular unit is located, takes the cluster center as the candidate position of the RF base station, then calculates the path loss between the terminal equipment and the terminal equipment, takes the cluster center as the position of the RF base station after the path loss is met, increases the weight of the signal unreachable equipment in the calculation of the cluster center, continuously iterates to recalculate the cluster center until the preset maximum iteration time position is reached, cannot obtain the position of the RF base station by the mode, realizes the signal global coverage of the RF base station by increasing the relay equipment, outputs the position of the RF base station, obtains the position of the RF base station by the mode, has high scientificity, does not have the problems of strong signals in some places and weak signals in some places, and can realize the signal coverage in all the areas, and the method can be realized by using the least RF base stations through calculation, thereby reducing the arrangement cost and the maintenance cost of the RF base stations.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart illustrating steps in an embodiment of a full coverage method for an RF terminal device facing a cellular unit according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart illustrating steps in another embodiment of a full coverage method for RF terminal equipment facing a cellular unit according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the steps of setting up the relay device in an embodiment of the full coverage method for the RF terminal device facing the cellular unit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a full coverage method for a cellular-oriented RF terminal device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart illustrating steps in another embodiment of a full coverage method for RF terminal equipment facing a cellular unit according to the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the steps of setting up the relay device in an embodiment of the full coverage method for the RF terminal device facing the cellular unit according to the present invention.
In one embodiment, the method for full coverage of the RF terminal device facing the cellular unit includes:
s1, clustering the terminal equipment by using K-mean clustering with capacity limit to the area where the cellular unit is located, and taking the clustering center as the candidate position of the RF base station; the K-mean clustering is a K-means clustering algorithm, and the invention includes, but is not limited to, clustering in this manner.
S2, calculating the path loss between the RF base station candidate position and the terminal equipment by using a wireless signal propagation model, and judging whether the path loss between the RF base station candidate position and all the terminal equipment meets a preset threshold value;
if yes, S3, outputting the candidate position of the RF base station as the position of the RF base station; otherwise, S4, judging that the signal is not reachable, classifying the terminal equipment into signal-unreachable equipment, increasing the weight of the signal-unreachable equipment in the calculation of the clustering center, and turning to S2 to recalculate the clustering center;
s5, calculating whether the times of recalculating the clustering center reach the preset maximum iteration times;
if yes, S6, add relay equipment to realize the global coverage of RF base station signal, and output the RF base station location.
The method comprises clustering terminal devices in the area of the cellular unit, using the clustering center as the candidate position of the RF base station, calculating the path loss between the terminal devices, after the signal is satisfied, the signal is used as the position of the RF base station, the weight of the signal unreachable device in the calculation of the cluster center is increased, the cluster center is continuously iterated and recalculated until the preset maximum iteration time position is reached, the position of the RF base station cannot be obtained in this way, then the signal global coverage of the RF base station is realized by adding the relay equipment, and the position of the RF base station is output, the method for obtaining the position of the RF base station has high scientificity, does not have the problems of strong signals in some places and weak signals in some places, the signal coverage can be realized in all areas, and the signal coverage can be realized by using the least RF base stations through calculation, so that the arrangement cost and the maintenance cost of the RF base stations are reduced.
In the present invention, the process and method for clustering terminal devices by using K-mean clustering with capacity limitation are not limited, and in one embodiment, the S1 includes:
determining whether the number of terminal devices in the area of the cell is below the RF base station capacity limit;
if not, the number of the RF base stations Cb＝floor(Ce/Ct) Classifying the terminal device as C by K-mean clustering with capacity limitationbClustering, calculating the geometric center of each cluster as the candidate position of the RF base station, wherein floor (x) is the rounding-up operation, CbRepresenting the number of RF base stations, CeIndicating the number of terminal devices in the cell, CtRepresenting the RF base station capacity.
If the number of terminal devices in the area of the cellular unit is lower than the RF base station capacity limit, it means that the cellular unit can satisfy the access requirement of the terminal device under the condition of a single base station, so that the requirement of full signal coverage can be satisfied by only arranging one base station at the position. Otherwise, if the number of the terminal devices exceeds the capacity limit of the RF base station and a single base station cannot meet the requirement, a new RF base station needs to be added.
In the invention, after the candidate base station is calculated, continuous iteration is needed so as to calculate the clustering weight, the process is not limited, in one embodiment, the candidate position of the RF base station is calculated on the basis of terminal equipment clustering, the first iteration is that the number of inaccessible terminal equipment is 0, the weight is 1, and the clustering weight of the inaccessible terminal equipment is sequentially increased by increasing the iteration once, so that the transfer of the clustering center is realized until the target position is reached.
The present invention is not limited to the implementation of RF full coverage by using a relay device, in most cases, the implementation can be implemented by using a relay device, but in some special cases, a plurality of relay devices may need to be used, but this may cause waste in that the number of relay devices cannot be accurately controlled, and in order to solve this problem, in one implementation, the S6 includes:
s61, calculating the relative azimuth angle of the signal reachable terminal equipment relative to the signal unreachable terminal equipment by taking the position of the wireless base station where the cellular unit is located as a reference point;
s62, selecting a minimum azimuth side of the relative azimuths, calculating a path loss between the candidate relay device and the radio base station and a path loss between the candidate relay device and the RF terminal device, and determining whether or not a path loss threshold is satisfied at the same time;
if yes, S63, selecting the position of the candidate relay device as the relay device position; otherwise, S64, selecting candidate relay points in order according to the principle that the starting side of the order selection is replaced once per iteration, and turning to S62 until the threshold of the iteration times is met.
By selecting the relay location according to a certain rule, i.e. calculating the relative azimuth angle of the signal reachable terminal device with respect to the signal unreachable terminal device, and extending gradually on both sides of this azimuth angle, it is best to obtain the best location setting relay device capable of satisfying the path loss threshold, and if the calculation cannot be realized, extending is performed again until the iteration threshold is satisfied, in order to avoid that the calculation is continued to be a dead loop without limitation, or the calculation times are too many, and the economical efficiency of the actual RF base station setting is reduced, etc.
In actual operation, in most cases, the relay device is set to satisfy the situation of full signal coverage, but it may also be intentional, and in order to solve this problem, in an embodiment, the step S6 further includes:
s7, the candidate relay equipment is arranged at the position where the relay equipment can not be obtained, the signal unreachable equipment is taken as a reference, the due north direction is taken as an initial direction, the average signal coverage range of the relay equipment is taken as a radius, one candidate relay point is arranged at intervals of a preset angle range, the path loss between the candidate relay equipment of the candidate relay point and the previous stage relay equipment and the path loss between the candidate relay equipment and the RF terminal equipment are calculated, and if the path loss threshold value is met at the same time;
if so, S8, determining the position of the candidate relay point as the position of the secondary relay device, otherwise, S9, continuing to spread to the periphery based on the candidate relay point, and obtaining the position of the secondary relay device.
The present embodiment does not limit the actual number of times of relaying, and therefore, the present embodiment can always achieve the purpose of full coverage of the final signal by performing higher-order relaying, such as secondary relaying and tertiary relaying, after the primary relaying cannot be achieved.
For secondary relay, in one embodiment, the S9 further includes:
and taking a connecting line from an inaccessible device point to the relay candidate point as an axial direction, axially extending once, and extending once at a left preset angle and a right preset angle, wherein each relay candidate point generates 3-5 secondary candidate points, calculating path loss, and acquiring a relay path capable of being communicated, otherwise, continuing to extend preset secondary candidate points outwards on the basis of the extended secondary candidate points until a communicated relay path is generated.
The present invention does not limit the rule of the relay candidate point, and in an embodiment, the S9 further includes:
and taking a connecting line from an unreachable device point to the relay candidate point as an axial direction, axially extending once, and extending once at an equal angle of 30-45 degrees from the left and the right, so as to obtain the secondary candidate point from the relay candidate point in an extending way.
The operator of the present invention can set the extending angle according to the respective equipment and certain requirement, but the present invention is not limited to this.
For the secondary candidate points obtained by extension, because the positions of the secondary candidate points are equal, and because a new more secondary candidate point may appear in the actual operation, in order to keep the positions equal, the number of the candidate points in the same level is generally set to be communicated, so that the whole planning rule is unified, even computer automated operation can be realized, and the planning efficiency is improved, therefore, generally, the S9 further includes:
the number of the secondary candidate points generated by each relay candidate point is equal.
In the invention, a wireless signal propagation model is adopted when the loss is calculated, the propagation-removing model is not particularly limited, and the wireless signal propagation model can be any one of an Okumura-Hata propagation model, a COST231-Hata propagation model or a COST231 Walffish-lkegami propagation model or other propagation models.
However, in the actual process of calculating the path loss, the same wireless signal propagation model is uniformly adopted in the invention, and the error caused by non-uniformity caused by poor different models is avoided, so that the accuracy is improved. In addition, mutual verification can be performed by adopting different propagation models, which is not limited by the invention.
The RF terminal equipment full-coverage method facing the cellular unit considers the limitation of the capacity of the RF base station in the process of selecting the RF base station, so that the connection quantity can be kept in a reasonable range in an area with dense terminal equipment, the connection quantity is not overlarge while the signal coverage is ensured, the signal transmission rate is kept in an acceptable range, the terminal equipment with serious shielding aiming at terrain and environmental factors is subjected to relay networking by depending on the signal relay equipment to extend the RF base station signal, the problem that the equipment can not be networked is effectively solved, and the signal full coverage of the RF terminal equipment in the cellular unit is realized.
To sum up, in the RF terminal device full coverage method for a cellular unit according to the embodiments of the present invention, the terminal device is clustered in the area where the cellular unit is located, the clustering center is used as a candidate location of an RF base station, then the path loss between the terminal device and the terminal device is calculated, the obtained clustering center is continuously iterated and recalculated by increasing the weight of the device with a signal unreachable in the calculation of the clustering center after the obtained clustering center is satisfied, and the location of the RF base station cannot be obtained by this way, the RF base station signal global coverage is realized by adding the relay device, and the location of the RF base station is output, so that the location of the RF base station obtained by this way has high scientificity, and there is no problem that signals in some places are strong and signals in some places are weak, and signal coverage can be realized in all areas, and the method can be realized by using the least RF base stations through calculation, thereby reducing the arrangement cost and the maintenance cost of the RF base stations.
The method for full coverage of the RF terminal device facing the cellular unit provided by the present invention is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A full coverage method for RF terminal equipment facing a cellular unit, comprising:
s1, clustering the terminal equipment by using K-mean clustering with capacity limit to the area where the cellular unit is located, and taking the clustering center as the candidate position of the RF base station;
s2, calculating the path loss between the RF base station candidate position and the terminal equipment by using a wireless signal propagation model, and judging whether the path loss between the RF base station candidate position and all the terminal equipment meets a preset threshold value;
if yes, S3, outputting the candidate position of the RF base station as the position of the RF base station; otherwise, S4, judging that the signal is not reachable, classifying the terminal equipment into signal-unreachable equipment, increasing the weight of the signal-unreachable equipment in the calculation of the clustering center, and turning to S2 to recalculate the clustering center;
s5, judging whether the times of recalculating the clustering center reach the preset maximum iteration times;
if yes, S6, add relay equipment to realize the global coverage of RF base station signal, and output the RF base station location.
2. The cellular-cell-oriented RF terminal device full coverage method of claim 1, wherein the S1 includes:
determining whether the number of terminal devices in the area of the cell is below the RF base station capacity limit;
if not, the number of the RF base stations Cb＝floor(Ce/Ct) Classifying the terminal device as C by K-mean clustering with capacity limitationbClustering, calculating the geometric center of each cluster as the candidate position of the RF base station, wherein floor (x) is the rounding-up operation, CbRepresenting the number of RF base stations, CeIndicating the number of terminal devices in the cell, CtRepresenting the RF base station capacity.
3. The cellular-cell-oriented RF terminal device full coverage method of claim 2, wherein the S6 includes:
s61, calculating the relative azimuth angle of the signal reachable terminal equipment relative to the signal unreachable terminal equipment by taking the position of the wireless base station where the cellular unit is located as a reference point;
s62, selecting a minimum azimuth side of the relative azimuths, calculating a path loss between the candidate relay device and the radio base station and a path loss between the candidate relay device and the RF terminal device, and determining whether or not a path loss threshold is satisfied at the same time;
if yes, S63, selecting the position of the candidate relay device as the relay device position; otherwise, S64, selecting candidate relay points in order according to the principle that the starting side of the order selection is replaced once per iteration, and turning to S62 until the threshold of the iteration times is met.
4. The cellular-oriented RF terminal device full coverage method of claim 3, wherein said S6 is followed by further comprising:
s7, the candidate relay equipment is arranged at the position where the relay equipment can not be obtained, the signal unreachable equipment is taken as a reference, the due north direction is taken as an initial direction, the average signal coverage range of the relay equipment is taken as a radius, one candidate relay point is arranged at intervals of a preset angle range, the path loss between the candidate relay equipment of the candidate relay point and the previous stage relay equipment and the path loss between the candidate relay equipment and the RF terminal equipment are calculated, and if the path loss threshold value is met at the same time;
if so, S8, determining the position of the candidate relay point as the position of the secondary relay device, otherwise, S9, continuing to spread to the periphery based on the candidate relay point, and obtaining the position of the secondary relay device.
5. The cellular-oriented RF terminal device full coverage method of claim 4, wherein the S9 further comprises:
and taking a connecting line from an inaccessible device point to the relay candidate point as an axial direction, axially extending once, and extending once at a left preset angle and a right preset angle, wherein each relay candidate point generates 3-5 secondary candidate points, calculating path loss, and acquiring a relay path capable of being communicated, otherwise, continuing to extend preset secondary candidate points outwards on the basis of the extended secondary candidate points until a communicated relay path is generated.
6. The cellular-oriented RF terminal device full coverage method of claim 5, wherein the S9 further comprises:
and taking a connecting line from an unreachable device point to the relay candidate point as an axial direction, axially extending once, and extending once at an equal angle of 30-45 degrees from the left and the right, so as to obtain the secondary candidate point from the relay candidate point in an extending way.
7. The cellular-oriented RF terminal device full coverage method of claim 6, wherein the S9 further comprises:
the number of the secondary candidate points generated by each relay candidate point is equal.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the wireless signal propagation model is Okumura-Hata propagation model, COST231-Hata propagation model, or COST231 Walffish-lkegami propagation model.
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| CN113709754A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-26 | 西安交通大学 | Clustering algorithm based wireless broadband communication system station arrangement networking method and system |
| CN113709754B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2022-06-07 | 西安交通大学 | Clustering algorithm based wireless broadband communication system station arrangement networking method and system |
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