CN112838732A - High-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor - Google Patents
High-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112838732A CN112838732A CN202011620127.5A CN202011620127A CN112838732A CN 112838732 A CN112838732 A CN 112838732A CN 202011620127 A CN202011620127 A CN 202011620127A CN 112838732 A CN112838732 A CN 112838732A
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- rotor
- stator
- asynchronous motor
- phase asynchronous
- winding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
- H02K17/02—Asynchronous induction motors
- H02K17/04—Asynchronous induction motors for single phase current
- H02K17/08—Motors with auxiliary phase obtained by externally fed auxiliary windings, e.g. capacitor motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/22—Auxiliary parts of casings not covered by groups H02K5/06-H02K5/20, e.g. shaped to form connection boxes or terminal boxes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Induction Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of single-phase motors, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor. The invention at least comprises an end cover, a stator, a rotor, a casing and a junction box, wherein the two ends of the casing are respectively connected with the end cover, the junction box is connected on the casing, the stator and the rotor are connected in the casing from inside to outside, and a main winding and a secondary winding are arranged in the stator; the junction box is electrically connected with the main winding and the auxiliary winding respectively; an aluminum ring is arranged on the rotor; evenly be provided with 48 grooves in the stator, its characterized in that: 44 grooves are uniformly arranged in the rotor. The double-capacitor working mode is adopted in the auxiliary winding, so that the auxiliary winding uses capacitors with different capacities in the starting and running stages of the motor respectively, the power of the motor is effectively improved, the efficiency is high, the torque is good, and the vibration and noise generated during the running of the motor are effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of single-phase motors, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor.
Background
The single-phase motor is a small-power single-phase asynchronous motor which is generally supplied by a single-phase power supply (AC220V50HZ, 110V60HZ single-phase voltage in a plurality of countries such as foreign Europe and America, Japan and the like). The rotor of single-phase asynchronous motor is made up by using squirrel-cage rotor, and its stator has a set of working windings, called main windings, which can only produce positive and negative alternative pulsating magnetic field, and can not produce rotating magnetic field, so that it can not produce starting torque. In order to generate a rotating magnetic field in the motor air gap, an auxiliary winding, called a secondary winding, is also required, and the magnetic field generated by the secondary winding and the magnetic field of the main winding are combined to generate the rotating magnetic field in the motor air gap.
The technical process of the current single-phase motor is mature, but the efficiency is low, generally between 55% and 65%, but the design and manufacture of the motor with more than ten poles are few at home and abroad at present. The greatest technical difficulty is that the starting torque is too small to meet the requirement of dragging a large load. This is a technical bottleneck of low-speed single-phase motors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor, and aims to provide an energy-saving single-phase motor which has large starting torque and can meet the requirement of dragging a large load.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a high-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor at least comprises end covers, a stator, a rotor, a machine shell and a junction box, wherein the two ends of the machine shell are respectively connected with the end covers, the junction box is connected to the machine shell, the stator and the rotor are connected into the machine shell from inside to outside, and a main winding and a secondary winding are arranged in the stator; the junction box is electrically connected with the main winding and the auxiliary winding respectively; an aluminum ring is arranged on the rotor; the stator is evenly provided with 48 slots, and the rotor is evenly provided with 44 slots.
The junction box is at least internally provided with a starting capacitor, an operating capacitor, an electronic centrifugal switch and a power supply; the running capacitor is connected in series between the main winding and the auxiliary winding, and the starting capacitor is connected with the two ends of the running capacitor after being connected with the electronic centrifugal switch in series.
The main winding and the auxiliary winding are both in a sine winding type.
The stator and the stator punching sheet and the rotor punching sheet on the rotor are made of cold rolled silicon steel plates with the thickness of 0.35 mm.
And carrying out oxidation treatment on the surface of the stator.
The outer diameter of the rotor is 105.5-105.6 mm.
The clearance between the rotor and the stator is 0.25-0.20 mm.
The aluminum casting mode of the rotor adopts an open mode.
The thickness of the aluminum ring on the rotor is 4 mm.
The length between the winding ends of the stator is 25 mm.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the invention realizes high efficiency and energy saving by using a double-capacitor working mode in the secondary winding, namely the secondary winding respectively uses capacitors with different capacities in the starting and running stages of the motor.
(2) When the motor is started, the voltage passes through the auxiliary winding and the electronic centrifugal switch to the starting capacitor, when the rotating speed of the motor reaches about 80 percent of the rated rotating speed, the starting capacitor circuit is automatically cut off, the running capacitor connected in series with the auxiliary winding and the main winding work together, and the running capacitor continuously adjusts the magnetic field phase between the main winding and the auxiliary winding, thereby avoiding the occurrence of electromagnetic dead angle, effectively improving the power of the motor, not only having high efficiency, but also having good torque, and effectively reducing the vibration and noise generated when the motor runs.
(3) According to the invention, the stator punching sheet and the rotor punching sheet are made of cold-rolled silicon steel sheets with the thickness of 0.35mm, and the stator is subjected to oxidation treatment, so that the iron loss is effectively reduced.
(4) According to the invention, the air gap between the stator and the rotor is accurately controlled to be 0.25-0.20 mm, and the uniform air gap enables the motor to have good rotation performance, so that the mechanical loss is effectively reduced.
(5) The invention shortens the end part of the stator winding from the original 35mm to 25mm, and reduces the copper consumption.
(6) The invention changes the design of the rotor aluminum ring from the original thickness of 8mm to the thickness of 4mm, so that the invention has larger starting torque.
(7) The aluminum casting mode of the rotor is changed from closed type to open type in the prior art, and the magnetic density rotation strength of the rotor air gap is ensured.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to clearly understand the technical solutions of the present invention and to implement the technical solutions according to the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a constitutional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an electrical schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a rotor of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the rotor aluminum ring of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the rotor and stator air gaps of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the starting capacitor, the running capacitor and the electronic centrifugal switch of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-end cap; 2-a stator; 3-a rotor; 4-starting a capacitor; 5-running capacitance; 6-electronic centrifugal switch; 7-a housing; 8-a main winding; 9-secondary winding; 10-a junction box; 11-aluminum ring.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1-6, the high-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor at least comprises an end cover 1, a stator 2, a rotor 3, a casing 7 and a junction box 10, wherein the two ends of the casing 7 are respectively connected with the end cover 1, the junction box 10 is connected to the casing 7, the stator 2 and the rotor 3 are connected in the casing 7 from inside to outside, and a main winding 8 and a secondary winding 9 are arranged in the stator 2; the junction box 10 is respectively electrically connected with the main winding 8 and the auxiliary winding 9; an aluminum ring 11 is arranged on the rotor 3; evenly be provided with 48 grooves in the stator 2, its characterized in that: 44 grooves are uniformly arranged in the rotor 3.
In practical use, 48 slots are uniformly arranged in the stator 2, 36 slots are arranged in the rotor 3 with more than 12 levels in the prior art, the number of the slots is increased to 44 slots, the slip ratio between the stator 2 and the rotor 3 is reduced, the number of the slots in the rotor is increased, the sectional area of the slots for cutting magnetic lines is increased, and the starting torque of the motor is effectively increased.
Example two:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, a high-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor is shown, on the basis of the first embodiment: the junction box 10 is at least internally provided with a starting capacitor 4, a running capacitor 5, an electronic centrifugal switch 6 and a power supply; the running capacitor 5 is connected in series between the main winding 8 and the auxiliary winding 9, and the starting capacitor 4 is connected in series with the electronic centrifugal switch 6 and then connected to two ends of the running capacitor 5.
Furthermore, the main winding 8 and the auxiliary winding 9 are both of a sine winding type.
In practice, the secondary winding 9 is in the machineThe starting and running phases can use starting capacitors 4 and running capacitors 5 of the same or different capacities. If the starting capacitor 4 and the running capacitor 5 with the same capacity are adopted, the purchase is convenient, the connection is not easy to make mistakes, and the efficiency is relatively high. The secondary winding 9 uses capacitors of different capacities in the starting and running phases of the motor, respectively, and when the motor is started, the electronic centrifugal switch 6 is closed and the voltage passes through the secondary winding 9 via the Z1Point to the starting capacitor 12, successively pass V2、V1、u1、u2、Z2Point; when the rotating speed of the motor reaches about 80% of the rated rotating speed, the electronic centrifugal switch 6 automatically cuts off the line of the starting capacitor 12, the running capacitor 5 connected in series with the auxiliary winding 9 and the main winding 8 work together, the phase difference is kept, the running capacitor 5 continuously adjusts the magnetic field phase between the main winding and the auxiliary winding, and the electromagnetic dead angle is avoided. The motor power can be improved, the efficiency is high, the torque is good, and the vibration and the noise generated when the motor runs can be reduced. In specific application, the selection can be carried out according to the requirements.
The main winding 8 and the auxiliary winding 9 adopt a technical scheme of a sine winding type, so that the suppression of harmonic waves is enhanced, and the running performance of the motor is effectively improved.
Example three:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 5, a high-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor is based on the first embodiment: the stator punching sheet and the rotor punching sheet on the stator 2 and the rotor 3 are made of cold rolled silicon steel plates with the thickness of 0.35 mm.
Further, the surface of the stator 2 is subjected to oxidation treatment.
In practical use, the stator 2 and the rotor 3 are made of cold-rolled silicon steel sheets with the thickness of 0.35mm, and the stator 2 is subjected to oxidation treatment, so that iron loss is effectively reduced.
Example four:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 5, a high-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor is based on the first embodiment: the outer diameter of the rotor 3 is 105.5-105.6 mm.
Furthermore, the gap between the rotor 3 and the stator 2 is 0.25-0.20 mm.
In actual use, the outer diameter of the rotor 3 is 105.5-105.6 mm, under the condition that the inner diameter of the stator 2 is not changed, the air gap between the stator and the rotor is accurately controlled to be 0.25-0.20 mm, and the uniform air gap not only enables the motor to have good rotation performance, effectively reduces mechanical loss, but also is beneficial to reducing hysteresis loss and eddy current loss on the surface of the motor, is beneficial to improving ventilation and heat dissipation conditions of the rotor 3 and the rotor 3, improves the efficiency of the motor, and reduces the heat generation of the motor.
Example five:
referring to fig. 1, 3 and 5, a high-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor is based on one or six embodiments: the rotor 3 adopts an open type aluminum casting mode.
In actual use, the prior art often adopts a closed aluminum casting mode, the exhaust effect of the closed aluminum casting mode is poor in the aluminum casting process, and air holes or shrinkage cavities exist in the rotor body, so that the density of the rotor 3 is reduced, and the area of the rotor actually cutting magnetic lines is reduced. The invention adopts an open type aluminum casting mode, exhausts gas in the aluminum casting process, ensures that the rotor 3 has good compactness, increases the area of the rotor 3 for cutting magnetic lines of force, and increases the efficiency of the invention.
Example six:
referring to fig. 1 and 4, a high-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor is based on the first embodiment or the sixth embodiment: the thickness of the aluminum ring 11 on the rotor 3 is 4 mm.
In practical use, the design of the aluminum ring on the rotor 3 is changed from the thickness of 8mm in the prior art to an ultra-thin type with the thickness of 4mm, so that the starting torque of the invention is increased, and the starting energy consumption is reduced.
Example seven:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, a high-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor is shown, on the basis of the first embodiment: the length between the winding ends of the stator 2 is 25 mm.
When in actual use, the stator 2 adopts the technical scheme, the full rate of the slot is improved, the copper consumption is effectively reduced, and the resources are saved.
In conclusion, the invention greatly improves the starting torque and solves the problem of difficult starting of the single-phase low-speed motor by changing the rotor aluminum ring structure and the aluminum casting process (the efficiency is reduced by increasing the power of the motor in order to improve the starting torque, so-called large horse-drawn trolley).
In order to improve the starting torque and achieve high efficiency and energy saving, the invention uses a double-capacitor working mode, namely, the secondary winding uses capacitors with different capacities respectively in the starting and running stages of the motor. When the motor is started, voltage passes through the auxiliary winding and the centrifugal switch to the starting capacitor, when the rotating speed of the motor reaches about 80% of the rated rotating speed, the starting capacitor circuit is automatically cut off, the running capacitor connected in series with the auxiliary winding and the main winding work together, and the running capacitor continuously adjusts the magnetic field phase between the main winding and the auxiliary winding, so that electromagnetic dead corners are avoided. The motor power can be improved, the efficiency is high, the torque is good, and the vibration and the noise generated when the motor runs can be reduced.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
In the case of no conflict, a person skilled in the art may combine the related technical features in the above examples according to actual situations to achieve corresponding technical effects, and details of various combining situations are not described herein.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor at least comprises an end cover (1), a stator (2), a rotor (3), a casing (7) and a junction box (10), wherein the two ends of the casing (7) are respectively connected with the end cover (1), the junction box (10) is connected to the casing (7), the stator (2) and the rotor (3) are connected in the casing (7) from inside to outside, and a main winding (8) and a secondary winding (9) are arranged in the stator (2); the junction box (10) is electrically connected with the main winding (8) and the auxiliary winding (9) respectively; an aluminum ring (11) is arranged on the rotor (3); evenly be provided with 48 grooves in stator (2), its characterized in that: 44 grooves are uniformly arranged in the rotor (3).
2. A high efficiency single phase asynchronous motor as defined in claim 1 wherein: the junction box (10) is at least internally provided with a starting capacitor (4), a running capacitor (5), an electronic centrifugal switch (6) and a power supply; the running capacitor (5) is connected in series between the main winding (8) and the auxiliary winding (9), and the starting capacitor (4) is connected in series with the electronic centrifugal switch (6) and then connected to two ends of the running capacitor (5).
3. A high efficiency single phase asynchronous motor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the main winding (8) and the auxiliary winding (9) are both in a sine winding type.
4. A high efficiency single phase asynchronous motor as defined in claim 1 wherein: the stator punching sheet and the rotor punching sheet on the stator (2) and the rotor (3) are made of cold-rolled silicon steel plates with the thickness of 0.35 mm.
5. A high efficiency single phase asynchronous motor as claimed in claim 1 or 4, wherein: and the surface of the stator (2) is subjected to oxidation treatment.
6. A high efficiency single phase asynchronous motor as defined in claim 1 wherein: the outer diameter of the rotor (3) is 105.5-105.6 mm.
7. A high efficiency single phase asynchronous motor as defined in claim 1 wherein: the clearance between the rotor (3) and the stator (2) is 0.25-0.20 mm.
8. A high efficiency single phase asynchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, 4 or 7 wherein: the rotor (3) adopts an open type aluminum casting mode.
9. A high efficiency single phase asynchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, 4 or 7 wherein: the thickness of the aluminum ring (11) on the rotor (3) is 4 mm.
10. A high efficiency single phase asynchronous motor as defined in claim 1 wherein: the length between the winding end parts of the stator (2) is 25 mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011620127.5A CN112838732A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | High-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011620127.5A CN112838732A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | High-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112838732A true CN112838732A (en) | 2021-05-25 |
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ID=75925768
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011620127.5A Pending CN112838732A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | High-efficiency single-phase asynchronous motor |
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| CN (1) | CN112838732A (en) |
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2020
- 2020-12-31 CN CN202011620127.5A patent/CN112838732A/en active Pending
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