CN112838319B - Battery housing for a battery module and battery module with a battery housing - Google Patents

Battery housing for a battery module and battery module with a battery housing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112838319B
CN112838319B CN202011210860.XA CN202011210860A CN112838319B CN 112838319 B CN112838319 B CN 112838319B CN 202011210860 A CN202011210860 A CN 202011210860A CN 112838319 B CN112838319 B CN 112838319B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
base body
heat exchanger
heat
battery housing
cooling fluid
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CN202011210860.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112838319A (en
Inventor
M·施密特
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
    • H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
    • H01M10/6572—Peltier elements or thermoelectric devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

A battery case (100) for a battery module (200), wherein the battery case (100) has: a) A base body (10) with: i. an inner space (12), an outer side (15) for arranging an upper side (25) of the heat exchanger (20), wherein the outer side (15) comprises a heat conducting section (17) and an insulating section (18), b) the heat exchanger (20) with a cooling fluid inlet (23), a cooling fluid outlet (24) and an upper side (25), wherein the heat exchanger (20) is arranged with at least one mating heat conducting section (27) at the heat conducting section (17) and the heat exchanger (20) is arranged with at least one mating insulating section (28) at the insulating section (18), c) an insulating adhesive layer (30) arranged between the insulating section (18) of the outer side (15) of the base body (10) and the at least one mating insulating section (28) of the upper side (25) of the heat exchanger (20).

Description

Battery housing for a battery module and battery module with a battery housing
Technical Field
The battery is an electrochemical accumulator. Battery systems are used not only in static applications, such as in motor vehicles, but also in electronic devices. High demands are made on these battery systems in terms of reliability, safety, efficiency and service life. Based on high energy density, lithium ion batteries are used in particular as energy stores for electrically driven motor vehicles. For optimal power balancing, sufficiently long service life and safe operation of such battery systems, it is important to operate the battery systems in an optimal temperature range. The operating temperature has an important impact on the power supply strength, the degree of aging, the service life achievable and the assurance of operational safety of the battery system. For this reason, the battery system is heated or cooled in a targeted manner. In this case, one or more battery modules of the battery system can be brought into thermal contact with a heat exchanger, in particular a so-called cooling plate, and can be tempered by heat conduction. In the battery module, individual battery cells are connected together in series and/or in parallel by means of cell connectors and are arranged in a battery housing. In extreme situations, for example in the event of an accident, it is required that the battery housing, in particular, protects the individual battery cells in such a way that the battery housing receives the pressures, in particular forces, that occur in this case.
Background
A heat exchanger for tempering a battery is known from WO 2017/068115 A1. The heat spreader includes a thermoelectric element and a first cover, wherein a fluid channel is configured in the first cover.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention shows a battery housing according to the features of claim 1 and a battery module according to the features of claim 12.
Further features and details of the invention are found in the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. The features and details described in connection with the battery housing according to the invention are of course also applicable in connection with the battery module according to the invention and vice versa, so that the disclosures of the individual inventive aspects are always mutually referred to or can always be mutually referred to.
According to a first aspect, the invention provides a battery housing for a battery module, wherein the battery housing has a base body with an interior space for arranging battery cells of the battery module and an outer side at least partially surrounding the interior space for arranging an upper side of a heat exchanger, wherein the outer side comprises a heat conducting section for conducting heat between the base body and the heat exchanger and a heat insulating section for not conducting heat between the base body and the heat exchanger. The battery housing further comprises a heat exchanger with a cooling fluid inlet, a cooling fluid outlet and an upper side, wherein the heat exchanger is arranged with at least one mating heat conducting section of the upper side at the heat conducting section of the outer side of the base body and the heat exchanger is arranged with at least one mating heat insulating section of the upper side at the heat insulating section of the outer side of the base body. Furthermore, an insulating adhesive layer is arranged between the insulating section on the outside of the base body and at least one mating insulating section on the upper side of the heat exchanger.
The matrix may be shape stable. Thus, it is meant that the substrate is pressure resistant and the shape is substantially maintained under pressure. The shape stable matrix may be a die cast member. The diecast member may be particularly pressure resistant. The base body may have a plurality of outer sides, wherein a heat exchanger may be arranged at each outer side of the base body according to the invention. The base body can be configured as a box and in particular has a cuboid interior. The box-shaped base body may have six, in particular substantially flat sides, wherein each side may be the outer side. The box-shaped base body can be particularly advantageously pressure-resistant. In the rectangular interior space, prismatic battery cells can be arranged particularly advantageously and the battery housing can be constructed particularly compact. The substrate may be thermally conductive. The use of a thermally conductive base body is particularly advantageous in that the base body has a uniform temperature distribution and mechanical stresses in the base body are substantially avoided, in particular avoided. The battery housing with the thermally conductive base body can thus be designed particularly safely and stably. Furthermore, it is possible to cool the battery cells which can be arranged in the interior of the battery housing in a particularly advantageous and uniform manner.
The battery housing, in particular the base body, may have a cover, wherein the inner space of the base body can be separated from the outer space of the battery housing by the cover. One of the six sides of the box-shaped base may be a cover. The interior space of the base may refer to a cavity in the interior of the base. The outer space of the battery case may refer to a space outside the battery case.
The outer side of the base body may refer to the face of the base body, which defines the boundary of the base body and in particular the inner space facing away from the base body. The outer, in particular outer, heat-conducting section can in particular be at least partially planar. The outer heat-conducting section of the base body can be referred to as the outer surface, via which the majority of the heat conducted between the base body and the heat exchanger is transferred. In other words, the heat conducting section has a higher thermal power than a section that is not a heat conducting section, in particular outside the heat insulating section. The outer side of the base body may also comprise a plurality of heat conducting sections, in particular spaced apart from one another. The temperature of the battery housing can advantageously be controlled in a particularly efficient and targeted manner by each heat-conducting section and the battery housing can be constructed in a particularly compact manner. The insulating section on the outside of the base body can be the outside surface of the base body, through which only a small part of the heat conducted between the base body and the heat exchanger is transferred. In other words, the thermal power of the thermally insulated section is smaller than a section that is not an thermally insulated section, in particular outside the thermally conductive section. The outer side of the base body may also comprise a plurality of heat-insulating sections, in particular spaced apart from one another.
The upper side of the heat exchanger may refer to a face of the heat exchanger, which defines the boundary of the heat exchanger and is arranged at the heat conducting section on the outside of the base body. The upper side of the heat exchanger, in particular at least one mating heat-conducting section of the upper side, is preferably planar. At least one flat mating heat conducting section can particularly advantageously conduct heat between the base body and the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger may have a cooling fluid path, wherein the cooling fluid may flow from the cooling fluid input of the heat exchanger to the cooling fluid output via the cooling fluid path of the heat exchanger. The at least one mating heat-conducting section of the upper side of the heat exchanger can be referred to as the upper side face, through which a majority of the heat conducted between the base body and the heat exchanger is transferred. In other words, the thermal power of at least one paired thermally conductive section is greater than a section that is not a paired thermally conductive section, in particular an upper side of a paired thermally insulating section. The upper side of the heat exchanger may also comprise a plurality of paired heat-conducting sections, in particular spaced apart from one another. The battery housing can advantageously be conditioned in a particularly efficient and targeted manner by each paired heat-conducting section and can be constructed in a particularly compact manner. At least one mating insulation section of the upper side of the heat exchanger may refer to the upper side face of the heat exchanger, through which only a small portion of the heat conducted between the base body and the heat exchanger is transferred. In other words, the thermal power of at least one paired thermally insulating section is smaller than a section that is not the upper side of the paired thermally insulating section, in particular the paired thermally conductive section. The upper side of the heat exchanger may also comprise a plurality of mating insulation sections, in particular spaced apart from one another.
The heat exchanger may be constructed in a plate shape. The plate-shaped heat exchanger can be arranged particularly simply on the outside of the base body, in particular of a box-shaped base body. The heat exchanger may comprise a circumferential edge in which no cooling fluid flows and at least one tab in which no cooling fluid flows. The circumferential edge and the at least one tab may help to increase the stability of the heat exchanger and thus the battery housing. The circumferential edge and/or at least one tab may have a through-hole for the threading of a screw. At least one tab of the heat exchanger may be used to form a cooling fluid path. The at least one tab of the heat exchanger may be a central tab and thus form a U-shaped cooling fluid path in the heat exchanger. In other words, the cooling fluid flows U-shaped from the cooling fluid inlet to the cooling fluid outlet, wherein the U-shaped flow is completed on the basis of the central web of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger with the U-shaped cooling fluid path and the central web can be particularly stable, in particular in combination with the base body. The heat exchanger may be made of metal, in particular aluminum or stainless steel. Aluminum metal heat exchangers can be particularly advantageous for conducting heat. The stainless steel metal heat exchanger can likewise conduct heat particularly advantageously and can have particularly high strength and thus the battery housing can be designed particularly stable and safe.
The cooling fluid inlet and the cooling fluid outlet of the heat exchanger can each have a cooling fluid connection, in particular a hollow cylindrical cooling fluid connection. A particularly simple and safe connection of the cooling fluid connection, in particular of the hollow cylindrical form, to the cooling fluid source or the cooling fluid tank can be achieved. The cooling fluid connection can extend in particular perpendicularly to the upper side of the heat exchanger in the direction of the interior of the base body. The heat exchanger can thus be constructed particularly thin and the battery housing can be constructed particularly compact. The cooling fluid connection of the cooling fluid input of the heat exchanger and the cooling fluid connection of the cooling fluid output of the heat exchanger can be connected in particularly advantageous fluid communication to a first cooling fluid flow channel in the interior of the base body or to a second cooling fluid flow channel in the interior of the base body. The battery housing can thus be constructed particularly compact and safe. It is further conceivable for the cooling fluid connection to have a circumferential groove for the arrangement of a sealing structure, in particular a sealing ring. It can thus be ensured in a particularly simple manner that no leakage of the cooling fluid occurs and that a particularly advantageous temperature regulation of the battery housing can be ensured.
The heat transfer between the base body and the heat exchanger can be reduced particularly simply by the insulating adhesive layer between the insulating section on the outside of the base body and the at least one mating insulating section on the upper side of the heat exchanger. The conduction of heat between the base body and the heat exchanger can be limited in particular to the heat conducting section on the outside of the base body and to at least one mating heat conducting section on the upper side of the heat exchanger. The outer heat-conducting section of the base body and the at least one mating heat-conducting section of the upper side of the heat exchanger are preferably opposite. The outer heat conducting section of the base body and the upper counter heat conducting section of the heat exchanger are in particular opposite each other and the surface of the heat conducting section and the surface of the counter heat conducting section are in each case preferably substantially the same size, in particular the same size. The temperature of the battery housing can thus be controlled particularly efficiently and effectively, and the battery housing can thus be constructed particularly safely and stably. The substrate, the heat spreader and the thermally insulating adhesive layer disposed between the substrate and the heat spreader may form a sandwich structure in which the stability of the battery case may be improved by the sandwich structure of the substrate, the thermally insulating adhesive layer and the heat spreader.
The arrangement of at least one mating heat conducting section of the upper side of the heat exchanger at the heat conducting section of the outer side of the base body may refer to the contact of the mating heat conducting section with the plane of the heat conducting section. By contacting the flat surfaces of the outer heat conducting section and the upper mating heat conducting section, particularly advantageous temperature regulation of the battery housing can be achieved and the base body can have a particularly uniform temperature distribution, so that mechanical stresses in the base body can be substantially avoided, in particular avoided.
The arrangement of the at least one counter-heat-insulating section of the upper side of the heat exchanger at the heat-insulating section of the outer side of the base body may be accomplished by a heat-insulating adhesive layer arranged at least partly between the heat-insulating section of the outer side of the base body and the counter-heat-insulating section of the upper side of the heat exchanger. The arrangement of the insulating sections to the mating insulating sections can be achieved particularly simply, quickly and safely by means of an insulating adhesive layer.
The outer side of the base body may have at least one projection and/or at least one recess. The upper side of the heat exchanger may also have at least one projection and/or at least one recess. The at least one projection and/or the at least one recess can ensure that at least one mating heat-conducting section of the upper side of the heat exchanger can be arranged, in particular planar, on the heat-conducting section of the outer side of the base body with the insulating adhesive layer.
In the battery housing according to the invention, it may be advantageous if the heat exchanger has a first plate with a cooling fluid inlet, a cooling fluid outlet and an upper side of the heat exchanger, and if the heat exchanger has a second plate, which is arranged on a lower side opposite the upper side of the first plate, at least one cooling fluid path is formed from the cooling fluid inlet to the cooling fluid outlet. A multi-plate, in particular double-plate, heat exchanger, a base body and an insulating adhesive layer arranged between the base body and the heat exchanger can form a particularly advantageous sandwich structure. The multi-plate, in particular double-plate, heat exchanger can thus further increase the stability of the battery housing. The first plate of the heat exchanger may be an aluminum sheet metal material and/or the second plate of the heat exchanger may be an aluminum sheet metal material. The heat spreader may be manufactured using a roll bonding process. In one step, the separating medium may be applied in a roll bonding process at a location of the underside of the first plate and/or at a location of the second plate arranged to that side of the underside of the first plate, where the cooling fluid path should be constructed. The separating medium prevents a permanent connection of the first plate with the second plate at these locations. In a subsequent step, the first plate and the second plate are joined together by rolling, preferably in such a way that in a further step, a circumferential edge and a web, in particular a central web, can be formed at the heat exchanger. In a further step, the heat exchanger can be inflated by means of pressure, in particular hydraulic pressure, via the cooling fluid inlet and/or the cooling fluid outlet of the heat exchanger and the heat exchanger can be constructed with a cooling fluid path, in particular with a cooling fluid path, a circumferential edge and a web. The cooling fluid path of the heat exchanger can advantageously be constructed particularly well with a roll bonding process and the splicing process can follow the rolling process. As an alternative to the roll bonding process, the heat exchanger may be manufactured with a brazing process. A particularly stable heat exchanger can be produced by means of a soldering process. In a first step, the first plate may be deep drawn or punched for forming the cooling fluid path, in particular for forming the cooling fluid path, the surrounding edge and the tab, and/or the second plate may be deep drawn or punched for forming the cooling fluid path, in particular for forming the cooling fluid path, the surrounding edge and the tab. The upper and lower sides of the first plate of the heat exchanger are in particular flat and only the second plate is deep drawn or punched for forming the cooling fluid path, in particular for forming the cooling fluid path, the circumferential edge and the webs. The flat upper side of the first plate of the heat exchanger makes it possible to arrange the mating heat conducting section of the upper side of the first plate particularly advantageously to, in particular in contact with, the heat conducting section of the outer side of the base body. In another arrangement, the two metal sheets may be respectively solder plated and then brazed to each other in a furnace. Furthermore, the first plate and/or the second plate has a so-called support structure in the cooling fluid path. The upper and lower sides of the first plate are in particular substantially flat, in particular flat, and the second plate of the heat exchanger has a support structure. The support structure may be formed by hemispherical deformation of the first plate and/or the second plate. The conduction of heat of the heat exchanger can advantageously be improved by the support structure. Furthermore, the heat exchanger can be constructed particularly stable by the support structure. The heat exchanger is preferably a double-plate heat exchanger, which has a circumferential edge, a web, in particular a central web, and a support structure. Such a heat exchanger may be particularly advantageous in improving the stability of the battery housing and the temperature regulation of the battery housing.
In the battery housing according to the invention, the heat exchanger can advantageously be screwed additionally to the outside of the base body. The stability of the battery housing can be improved particularly advantageously further by screwing the heat exchanger to the outside of the base body. For this purpose, the circumferential edge of the heat exchanger and/or at least one web, in particular the central web, has a through-hole for the insertion of a screw. The screwing of the central web of the heat exchanger can in particular substantially prevent, in particular prevent, arching of the heat exchanger, if pressure is applied to the battery housing, for example, on the basis of a crash situation of the motor vehicle. The base body of the battery housing advantageously has a screw dome corresponding to the screw, so that the screwing of the heat exchanger at the outer side of the base body can be accomplished particularly simply. The outside of the substrate may have a cathodic dip, and in particular the screw dome may have a cathodic dip, thus reducing heat transfer between the heat spreader and the substrate. It is also conceivable for the heat exchanger to have a cathodic dip, in particular in the region of the through-holes, for reducing the heat conduction between the heat exchanger and the substrate. Furthermore, an insulating plastic disc may be arranged at the screw and/or screw dome. The plastic tray can be particularly inexpensive and can be simply arranged.
In the battery housing according to the invention, the screws particularly advantageously extend through at least one mating insulating section of the heat exchanger, the insulating adhesive layer and the insulating section on the outside of the base body. The conduction of heat between the base body and the heat exchanger can thus be reduced particularly advantageously. The heat-insulating adhesive between the at least one mating heat-insulating section on the upper side of the heat exchanger and the heat-insulating section on the outer side of the base body can be arranged particularly advantageously further by means of screws, in particular by pressing the base body onto the heat exchanger. The base body, the heat spreader, the thermally insulating adhesive layer and the screws arranged between the base body and the heat spreader can thus form a particularly stable sandwich structure, whereby the stability of the battery housing can be improved by such a sandwich structure of the base body, the thermally insulating adhesive layer and the heat spreader.
According to a further preferred embodiment, in the battery housing according to the invention, the base body can have a first cooling fluid flow channel in the interior space with a first channel inlet for the fluid-connection to the fluid source and a first channel outlet for the fluid-connection to the cooling fluid input of the heat exchanger, and the base body can have a second cooling fluid flow channel in the interior space with a second channel inlet for the fluid-connection to the cooling fluid output of the heat exchanger and a second channel outlet for the fluid-connection to the fluid tank. The base body of the battery case may have a first body in the inner space that is fluidically separated from the inner space for the first cooling fluid flow passage, and the base body may have a second body in the inner space that is fluidically separated from the inner space for the second cooling fluid flow passage. A first cooling fluid flow passage may be formed in the first body and a second cooling fluid flow passage may be formed in the second body. It can thus be advantageously ensured that the cooling fluid without a heat exchanger can enter the interior space of the base body via the first cooling fluid flow channel and/or the second cooling fluid flow channel. The first cooling fluid flow channel and/or the second cooling fluid flow channel may in particular extend from the outside of the base body in the direction of the inner space of the base body, in particular substantially perpendicularly to the outside of the base body. A cooling fluid connection extending perpendicularly to the upper side of the heat exchanger can be connected particularly advantageously to such a cooling fluid flow channel of the base body. The battery housing can thus be constructed particularly compact.
In the battery housing according to the invention, it may be advantageous if at least a part of the heat conducting section of the outer side of the base body is formed by at least one plate-shaped projection extending from the outer side. The at least one plate-shaped protrusion may refer to a platform. The at least one plate-shaped projection may particularly advantageously contribute to the stability of the battery housing. The at least one plate-shaped projection can furthermore particularly advantageously conduct heat between the base body and the heat exchanger. The at least one plate-shaped projection has in particular a flat surface. If the outer side of the base body has a plurality of plate-shaped projections extending from the outer side, the plate-shaped projections can be arranged uniformly distributed on the outer side of the base body. The at least one plate-shaped projection is preferably formed integrally with the base body, so that the at least one plate-shaped projection can particularly advantageously contribute to the stability of the battery housing.
In the battery housing according to the invention, an electrical heating element can advantageously be arranged between the at least one plate-shaped projection and the at least one mating heat-conducting section of the upper side of the heat exchanger. The electric heating element may contribute to the sandwich structure of the matrix and can thus further improve the stability of the battery housing. Furthermore, the base body can be provided with a particularly uniform temperature distribution by means of the electric heating element and the battery housing can be temperature-regulated particularly advantageously. It is also conceivable to arrange a plurality of electric heating elements between at least one plate-shaped projection and at least one mating heat-conducting section of the upper side of the heat exchanger. The electric heating element may be a peltier element. The peltier element can be cooled as well as heated. The peltier element can thus particularly advantageously regulate the temperature of the battery housing.
In the battery housing according to the invention, it may be particularly advantageous to arrange a first thermally conductive adhesive layer between the electric heating element and the at least one plate-shaped projection and/or to arrange a second thermally conductive adhesive layer between the electric heating element and the at least one mating thermally conductive section of the upper side of the heat exchanger. The heat-conductive first adhesive layer between the electric heating element and the at least one plate-shaped projection and/or the heat-conductive second adhesive layer between the electric heating element and the at least one mating heat-conductive section of the upper side of the heat exchanger can contribute to the sandwich structure of the base body and thus further increase the stability of the battery housing. The heat transfer between the at least one mating heat transfer section on the upper side of the heat exchanger and the heat transfer section on the outer side of the base body can furthermore be achieved particularly advantageously by the first heat-conductive adhesive layer and/or by the second heat-conductive adhesive layer. Furthermore, the thermal expansion between the heat spreader and the peltier element can be balanced by the first thermally conductive adhesive layer and/or the second thermally conductive adhesive layer. The temperature of the battery housing can thus be controlled particularly advantageously and mechanical stresses are substantially avoided, in particular avoided.
According to a further preferred embodiment, in the battery housing according to the invention, at least a part of the outer heat-insulating section of the base body is formed by a strip-shaped reinforcing rib of the base body extending from the outer side or by a strip-shaped reinforcing rib of the base body extending from the outer side and an outer edge of the base body, wherein the strip-shaped reinforcing rib is formed between the plate-shaped projections and/or between the at least one plate-shaped projection and the outer edge of the base body. The stability of the battery case can be further improved by the reinforcement ribs of the base body which extend from the outside and/or by the edges of the outside of the base body. The elongated reinforcing ribs may be configured as a cuboid. Furthermore, the reinforcement ribs of the strip shape may extend in the longitudinal direction of the base body, in particular of the outer side of the base body. Furthermore, the reinforcement ribs of the strip shape may extend in the transverse direction of the base body, in particular of the outer side of the base body. A portion of the elongate reinforcing ribs preferably extends in the longitudinal direction and a portion of the elongate reinforcing ribs extends in the transverse direction. A particularly stable base body and thus a particularly stable battery housing can thus be created. An air chamber may be formed between the outside of the base body and the heat exchanger at a location where no plate-shaped protrusions, no tie-bars, and/or no edges of the base body extend from the outside. The air chamber can particularly advantageously have an insulating effect and facilitate the conduction of heat between the heat exchanger and the base body, in particular via the heat-conducting section and the mating heat-conducting section. Furthermore, the strip-shaped reinforcement rib may have a recess for guiding the electrical conductor of the peltier element. The battery case can be kept particularly compact.
In the battery housing according to the invention, it may be advantageous if a thermally insulating adhesive layer is arranged between at least one mating insulating section of the heat exchanger and the outside, strand-shaped reinforcing ribs of the base body and the outside edges of the base body. A particularly advantageous sandwich structure of substrate, thermally insulating adhesive layer and heat spreader can thus be formed and the battery housing can have particularly great stability. In particular, the thermally insulating adhesive layer at the edges can protect the outside of the base body from external environmental factors in a particularly advantageous manner.
In the battery housing according to the invention, the battery housing may advantageously have a thermally conductive layer, in particular a thermally conductive adhesive layer, arranged on the base body in the interior of the base body in order to arrange the battery cells of the battery module. By means of the thermally conductive layer arranged at least partially at the base body, the sandwich structure of the base body, the thermally insulating adhesive layer and the heat spreader can be further improved and the stability of the battery housing can be increased. The arrangement is understood to be sticking. The thermally conductive adhesive layer can be arranged only on the inner side of the interior, in particular in the box-shaped base body, and can be arranged only on the inner side of the interior opposite the outer side of the base body, facing away. The thermally conductive adhesive layer can also be arranged on a plurality of inner sides of the inner space of the base body. The battery cells can be cooled particularly uniformly.
According to a second aspect, the invention provides a battery module having a battery housing according to the invention, wherein a battery cell is arranged in the interior of the battery housing.
The battery cell may also refer to a plurality of individual battery cells. A plurality of individual battery cells may be coupled in series and/or in parallel by means of cell connectors.
The battery module according to the second aspect of the invention thus has the same advantages as have been described for the battery housing according to the first aspect of the invention.
Further measures to improve the invention result from the following description of some embodiments of the invention which are schematically shown in the drawings. All features and/or advantages derived from the claims, the description or the drawing, including details of construction, spatial arrangement and method steps, whether alone or in different combinations, are essential to the invention. It is noted herein that the drawings are merely illustrative of features and are not meant to limit the invention in any way.
Drawings
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 shows schematically in an exploded view an embodiment of a battery housing or an embodiment of a battery module;
fig. 2 schematically shows a base body of a battery case;
FIG. 3 schematically illustrates one embodiment of a battery housing in an exploded view;
Fig. 4 schematically illustrates a heat spreader of a battery case;
Fig. 5 shows schematically in an exploded view a heat exchanger of a battery housing;
Fig. 6 shows a schematic representation of a battery module with a battery housing and battery cells in a sectional view; and
Fig. 7 schematically shows the base body of the battery case.
The same technical features for the different embodiments in the following figures are also given identical reference numerals.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a battery housing 100 or of a battery module 200 with the battery housing 100 and a plurality of battery cells 202, which can be arranged in a rectangular interior 12 of a box-shaped base body 10 of the battery housing 100, in an exploded view. An insulating adhesive layer 30 is arranged between the heat exchanger 20 with the cooling fluid inlet 23 and the cooling fluid outlet 24 and the outer side 15 of the base body 10. It can additionally be seen in fig. 1 that the thermally insulating adhesive layer 30 forms the edges and the tie bars. These edges and ties may be disposed at the edges 53 (not visible) of the outer side 15 of the base 10 and at the tie-bar-shaped reinforcing ribs 52 (not visible) of the outer side 15 of the base 10. In addition, fig. 1 optionally shows a thermally conductive first adhesive layer 57, a thermally conductive second adhesive layer 58 and an electrical heating element 55 located therebetween. The conduction of heat between the base body 10 and the heat exchanger 20 can be achieved particularly simply by means of the thermally insulating adhesive layer 30, advantageously by means of the heat-conducting section 17 (not visible) of the outer side 15 of the base body 10 and by means of the mating heat-conducting section 27 of the upper side 25 of the heat exchanger 20. The heat spreader 20 may be additionally screwed to the base 10 with screws 35.
Fig. 2 shows a base body 10 of the battery case 100. In fig. 2, the heat exchanger 20 is arranged with an upper side 25 (not visible) to the outside 15 (not visible) of the base body 10. The heat exchanger 20 also has a circumferential edge 62, a web 64, in particular a central web 64, and a support structure 60, which is formed by a hemispherical deformation structure at the heat exchanger 20. By means of the circumferential edge 62, the central web 64 and the support structure 60, a particularly advantageous longitudinal load path LP is formed in the longitudinal direction L of the base body 10 and a transverse load path QP is formed in the transverse direction Q of the base body 10, so that the base body 10, in particular the battery housing 100, is particularly stable in design. In addition, a housing rim 54 is also shown in fig. 2. The heat exchanger 20 is advantageously arranged with the upper side 25 on the outside 15 of the base body 10 in such a way that the lower side opposite the upper side 25 of the heat exchanger 20 is configured flat with a housing edge 54.
In fig. 3, as in fig. 1, the battery housing 100 with the base body 10, the heat exchanger 20 and the thermally insulating adhesive layer 30 arranged between the thermally insulating section 18 of the outer side 15 of the base body 10 and the at least one counterpart thermally insulating section 28 of the upper side 25 of the heat exchanger 20 are shown in an exploded view. In this view, an optional plate-shaped elevation 50 can be seen, which elevation is a heat-conducting section 17 of the outer side 15 of the base body 10. Furthermore, an optional strip-shaped stiffening rib 52 of the base body 10, which extends from the outer side 15, and an edge 53 of the outer side 15 of the base body 10 can be seen, wherein the strip-shaped stiffening rib 52 is formed between the plate-shaped projections 50 and the edge 53 of the outer side 15 of the base body 10. The outer edge 53 and the reinforcing ribs 52 form the insulating section 18 of the outer side 15, to which the insulating adhesive layer 30 can be arranged. In addition, fig. 3 also optionally shows a thermally conductive first adhesive layer 57, a thermally conductive second adhesive layer 58 and an electrical heating element 55 located therebetween.
Fig. 4 shows the heat spreader 20 of the battery case 100 and is an exploded view of the heat spreader 20 of fig. 4 in fig. 5. The heat exchanger 20 has a flat upper side 25 in fig. 4, wherein the heat exchanger 20 additionally has a through-hole 68 at the edge 62 for the threading of the screw 35. The heat exchanger 20 further comprises a cooling fluid inlet 23 and a cooling fluid outlet 24, which are each designed as a cooling fluid connection with a sealing 66, in particular an O-ring sealing, wherein the cooling fluid connection extends perpendicularly to the upper side 25 of the heat exchanger 20. In fig. 5a double plate heat exchanger 20 with a first plate 21 and a second plate 22 is shown. In addition, a U-shaped cooling fluid path 29 is shown in the exploded view from the cooling fluid inlet 23 to the cooling fluid outlet 24. This cooling fluid path 29 is formed by the central tab 64 of the second plate 22.
In fig. 6, a battery module 200 with a battery housing 100 and a battery cell 202 is shown in a sectional view (see the section axis SA in fig. 7). The battery cells 202 are arranged with the thermally conductive layer 13, in particular the thermally conductive adhesive layer 13, on the inside, in particular adhered, to the inner space 12 of the base body 10. In addition, fig. 6 shows a first cooling fluid flow duct 40 with a first duct inlet 41 and a first duct outlet 42 in a first body which is fluidically separated from the interior space 12. The cooling fluid connection of the cooling fluid inlet 23, which extends perpendicularly to the upper side 25 of the heat exchanger 20, is connected to a first cooling fluid flow duct 40 of the base body 10. The description for the first cooling fluid flow channel 40 applies similarly to the second cooling fluid flow channel 45 with the second channel inlet 47 and the second channel outlet 46. In addition, in the sectional view, an insulating adhesive layer 30 between one of the insulating sections 18 of the base body 10 and the counterpart insulating section 28 of the heat exchanger 20 can be seen at the end of the battery housing 100 opposite the cooling fluid channel 40. Fig. 6 also discloses, in the central region of the battery housing 100, a thermally conductive first adhesive layer 57, an electric heating element 55, a thermally conductive second adhesive layer 58 between the thermally conductive section 17 of the outer side 15 of the base body 10 and the mating thermally conductive section 27 of the upper side 25 of the heat spreader 20.
Fig. 7 shows the base body 10 of the battery case 100. The outer side 15 of the base body 10 has a plurality of plate-shaped projections 50 extending from the outer side 15. These plate-shaped projections 50 are arranged uniformly on the outer side 15 of the base body 10, in particular in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the base body 10. Also disclosed are the elongated stiffening ribs 52 of the base body 10 extending from the outer side 15 and the edges 53 of the outer side 15 of the base body. Further, the base 10 of the battery case 100 has screw domes 70 corresponding to the screws 35 (see fig. 1) to screw the heat spreader 20 onto the outer side 15 of the base 10. The first channel outlet 42 of the first cooling fluid flow channel 40 and the second channel inlet 47 of the second fluid flow channel 45 are further shown in fig. 7. The first cooling fluid flow channel 40 and the second cooling fluid flow channel 45 extend from the outer side 15 of the base body 10 in the direction of the inner space 12 of the base body 10. Fig. 7 also shows a recess 72 for guiding the electrical conductor of the peltier element 55 in the bar-shaped reinforcement rib 52. These electrical conductors can be guided in the outer side 15 of the base body 10 by means of the conductor grooves 74 in the direction of the inner space 12 of the base body 10. The stiffening ribs 52 may advantageously have positioning recesses 76 at the ends with which they terminate in the plate-shaped projections 50. This positioning recess 72 of the reinforcing rib 52 can be rounded, so that the heating element 55 can be positioned particularly simply and precisely and, in addition, the conduction of heat between the heating element 55 and the reinforcing rib 52 can be reduced.

Claims (13)

1. A battery housing (100) for a battery module (200), wherein the battery housing (100) has:
a) A base body (10) with:
i. An interior space (12) for arranging battery cells (202) of the battery module (200),
An outer side (15) at least partially surrounding the interior space (12) for arranging an upper side (25) of the heat exchanger (20), wherein the outer side (15) comprises a heat-conducting section (17) for conducting heat between the base body (10) and the heat exchanger (20) and a heat-insulating section (18) for not conducting heat between the base body (10) and the heat exchanger (20),
B) A heat transfer device (20) with
I. a cooling fluid input (23) and a cooling fluid output (24),
An upper side (25), wherein the heat exchanger (20) is arranged with at least one mating heat conducting section (27) of the upper side (25) at a heat conducting section (17) of the outer side (15) of the base body (10), and the heat exchanger (20) is arranged with at least one mating heat insulating section (28) of the upper side (25) at a heat insulating section (18) of the outer side (15) of the base body (10), and
C) An insulating adhesive layer (30) arranged between the insulating section (18) of the outer side (15) of the base body (10) and at least one counterpart insulating section (28) of the upper side (25) of the heat exchanger (20).
2. The battery housing (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger (20) has a first plate (21) with an upper side (25) of the heat exchanger (20), the cooling fluid inlet (23) and the cooling fluid outlet (24), and in that the heat exchanger (20) has a second plate (22) which is arranged at a lower side (26) opposite the upper side (25) of the first plate (21) in the case of construction of at least one cooling fluid path (29) from the cooling fluid inlet (23) to the cooling fluid outlet (24).
3. The battery housing (100) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the heat spreader (20) is additionally screwed to the outside (15) of the base body (10) with screws (35).
4. A battery housing (100) according to claim 3, characterized in that the screw (35) extends through at least one mating heat insulating section (28) of the heat exchanger (20), through a heat insulating adhesive layer (30) and through a heat insulating section (18) of the outer side (15) of the base body (10).
5. Battery housing (100) according to claim 1, wherein the base body (10) has a first cooling fluid flow channel (40) in the inner space (12) with a first channel inlet (41) for fluid-communicatively connection to a fluid source and a first channel outlet (42) for fluid-communicatively connection to a cooling fluid input (23) of the heat exchanger (20), and the base body (10) has a second cooling fluid flow channel (45) in the inner space (12) with a second channel inlet (47) for fluid-communicatively connection to a cooling fluid output (24) of the heat exchanger (20) and a second channel outlet (46) for fluid-communicatively connection to a fluid sink.
6. Battery housing (100) according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least a portion of the thermally conductive section (17) of the outer side (15) of the base body (10) is formed by at least one plate-shaped protrusion (50) extending from the outer side (15).
7. The battery housing (100) according to claim 6, wherein an electric heating element (55) is arranged between the at least one plate-shaped protrusion (50) and at least one mating heat conducting section (27) of the upper side (25) of the heat exchanger (20).
8. Battery housing (100) according to claim 7, characterized in that a first thermally conductive adhesive layer (57) is arranged between the electric heating element (55) and the at least one plate-shaped protrusion (50) and/or a second thermally conductive adhesive layer (58) is arranged between the electric heating element (55) and at least one mating thermally conductive section (27) of the upper side (25) of the heat exchanger (20).
9. The battery housing (100) according to claim 6, characterized in that at least a portion of the thermally insulating section (18) of the outer side (15) of the base body (10) is formed by a strip-shaped stiffening rib (52) of the base body (10) extending from the outer side (15) or by a strip-shaped stiffening rib (52) of the base body (10) extending from the outer side (15) and by an edge (53) of the base body (10) extending from the outer side (15), wherein the strip-shaped stiffening rib (52) is configured between the plate-shaped projections (50) and/or between the at least one plate-shaped projections (50) and an edge (53) of the outer side (15) of the base body (10).
10. The battery housing (100) according to claim 9, characterized in that a thermally insulating adhesive layer (30) is arranged between at least one mating thermally insulating section (28) of the heat exchanger (20) and the elongated reinforcement rib (52) of the outer side (15) of the base body (10) and the edge (53) of the outer side (15) of the base body (10).
11. The battery housing (100) according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery housing (100) has, at least in part, a thermally conductive layer (13) arranged at the base body (10) in the interior space (12) of the base body (10) for arranging battery cells of a battery module (200).
12. The battery housing (100) according to claim 1, wherein the battery housing (100) has a thermally conductive adhesive layer arranged at the base body (10) at least in part in the interior space (12) of the base body (10) for arranging battery cells of a battery module (200).
13. Battery module (200) with a battery housing (100) according to any of claims 1 to 12, wherein a battery cell (202) is arranged in the interior space (12) of the battery housing (100).
CN202011210860.XA 2019-11-04 2020-11-03 Battery housing for a battery module and battery module with a battery housing Active CN112838319B (en)

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