CN112836275A - Stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system based on fuzzy theory and control method thereof - Google Patents

Stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system based on fuzzy theory and control method thereof Download PDF

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CN112836275A
CN112836275A CN202110172275.3A CN202110172275A CN112836275A CN 112836275 A CN112836275 A CN 112836275A CN 202110172275 A CN202110172275 A CN 202110172275A CN 112836275 A CN112836275 A CN 112836275A
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刘莹
孙澄
方振权
黄丽蒂
杜家旺
董琪
梁静
唐征征
王燕语
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention provides a stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system based on a fuzzy theory and a control method thereof, wherein the system comprises the following steps: establishing a stadium emergency evacuation identification readability evaluation index system; acquiring experiment data through a virtual reality experiment, and collecting and packing the experiment data; constructing a II-level index fuzzy evaluation index matrix; obtaining I-level index weight vectors through an analytic hierarchy process; calculating and analyzing data obtained by the virtual reality experiment by using a coefficient of variation method to obtain a II-level index weight vector; constructing an I-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix, and synthesizing the weight vector and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix to obtain a readability evaluation result of the emergency evacuation identification scheme of the stadium; the invention establishes a stadium emergency evacuation identification readability index system, improves the accuracy of stadium emergency evacuation identification readability judgment, is a scientific method for evaluating and predicting the stadium evacuation identification design quality, and provides a basis for guiding the space streamline optimization layout.

Description

Stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system based on fuzzy theory and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building safety and evacuation, and particularly relates to a stadium emergency evacuation identifier readability evaluation system based on a fuzzy theory and a control method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous push of the 'national fitness' plan, the sports industry in China is rapidly developed, and the facilities of sports fields are greatly increased. The emergency evacuation identification is an important component of public safety facilities, the spatial arrangement and the position of the identification provide necessary direction information support for group evacuation, and the emergency evacuation identification has great influence on the evacuation efficiency of people who are not familiar with site streamline arrangement in emergency, so that quantitative analysis and evaluation are performed on the identification readability of an emergency evacuation identification layout scheme in a sports site, and the emergency evacuation identification layout has profound significance for judging the readability of the evacuation identification layout, optimizing the emergency evacuation identification layout scheme and guiding the space streamline optimization layout research.
In the construction of the existing fireproof evacuation system, the layout of the emergency evacuation signs is usually spatially arranged according to human experience, and the emergency evacuation signs cannot be well adapted to different building space streamlines, so that some space evacuation signs are too many to cause unnecessary waste, and some space evacuation signs are too few to cause reduced readability of the evacuation signs, and confusion and crowd accumulation during evacuation are easily caused. Due to the lack of a method and a standard for quantitatively judging the readability of the evacuation identification system, the readability of the emergency evacuation identification is only quantitatively described or comprehensively qualitatively analyzed through the number of evacuation identifications. Since the effective experience of the evacuation sign for escape evacuation varies from person to person, the readability of the evacuation sign cannot be objectively judged only through questionnaire survey and random access, and the readability difference and the quality of an evacuation sign system cannot be quantitatively analyzed.
The readability of the mark is an index which is based on the cognitive ability of a person and difficult to perform quantitative analysis, and the readability of the evacuation mark can be quantitatively judged by collecting information such as eye movement information, attention change and facial micro-expression through an eye tracker and motion capture equipment, so that a readability index system can be established by establishing four I-level readability indexes including an eye movement parameter, an eye jump parameter, a track parameter and an error parameter, and a II-level readability index parameter can be obtained by performing exhaustive subdivision on the I-level index, so that an emergency evacuation mark readability evaluation system is formed. All indexes are synthesized through fuzzy comprehensive judgment, so that all readability index parameters are synthesized, and the final readability strength judgment is formed.
The weight determination of each index in the fuzzy comprehensive judgment is particularly important, and commonly used methods comprise a Delphi method, an analytic hierarchy process, a correlation coefficient method and the like. The invention adopts an analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight in the I-level index, and adopts a variation coefficient process to determine the weight in the II-level index. The method has the advantages that objective evaluation is carried out through a coefficient of variation method in a quantitative II-level evaluation index stage, and subjective and objective combined evaluation is carried out through an analytic hierarchy process in a qualitative I-level evaluation index stage, so that the readability of the emergency evacuation mark of the stadium can be judged on the basis of experimental data through the overall evaluation effect, and the readability judgment accuracy of the emergency evacuation mark of the stadium is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Due to the lack of readability quantitative evaluation of the emergency evacuation identification in the stadium, the layout of the evacuation identification system is usually spatially arranged according to human experience and cannot be well adapted to different building space flow lines; in order to solve the defect of the readability evaluation system, the invention provides a stadium emergency evacuation identifier readability evaluation system based on a fuzzy theory and a control method thereof.
A stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system based on fuzzy theory, the evaluation system comprising:
the readability evaluation system construction module comprises: establishing readability evaluation indexes aiming at emergency evacuation identification systems in a target stadium, and determining data required to be collected in a virtual experiment;
an experimental target stadium model construction module: constructing an emergency evacuation identification system, a complex shape and a space streamline of a target stadium, and restoring the reality sense of a scene as much as possible;
readability and evacuation data acquisition module: collecting basic information, various eye movement parameters, space positioning information, head and hand data, motion track data, time node speed data and facial expression data of a participant who participates in a readable experiment;
an experimental data fuzzy evaluation model analysis module: and the method is used for substituting the data collected by the experiment into the fuzzy evaluation model to calculate the readability numerical value of each emergency evacuation sign layout scheme and sort the readability.
A control method applied to a stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system based on a fuzzy theory comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing an emergency evacuation identification readability evaluation index system;
s2, acquiring experiment data through a virtual reality experiment, and collecting and packing the experiment data;
s3, constructing a fuzzy evaluation index matrix of the II-level index;
s4, obtaining an I-level index weight vector through an analytic hierarchy process;
s5, calculating and analyzing data obtained by the virtual reality experiment by a coefficient of variation method to obtain a II-level index weight vector;
and S6, constructing a level I fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix, and synthesizing the weight vector and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix to obtain a readability evaluation result of the emergency evacuation identification scheme of the stadium.
Further, the step S1 includes the following steps:
establishing an emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation index system according to eye movement change related parameters, wherein the eye movement change related parameters are an eye movement parameter, an eye jump parameter, a track parameter and an error parameter;
the eye movement parameters specifically include: a. total number of fixations; b. number of times of injection in the region of interest; c. a gaze duration; d. a first fixation time; e. gaze time; f. a target fixation rate; g. spatial density of gaze;
the eye jump parameter specifically includes: a. the number of eye jumps; b. eye jump amplitude; c. the number of eye jumps caused by direction change; d. the number of eye jumps of the look-back type;
the trajectory parameters specifically include: a. a motion trajectory thermal force value; b. the track path length; c. the time of the track movement;
the error parameters specifically include: a. range error of the eye tracker; b. range error of the path length of the trajectory; c. timing error of the movement time.
Further, the step S2 includes the following steps:
s21: modeling a target stadium through Rhinoceros, SketchUp, Autodesk Revit and Autodesk Maya modeling software, constructing a plane space, an evacuation path and an identification system of the target stadium, and restoring identification readability, space experience and streamline organization of the target stadium;
modeling the complex shapes and space streamlines of the target stadium through Rhinoceros taking NURBS as modeling logic and Autodesk Maya modeling software taking Polygon as modeling logic, and restoring the building space and the shapes of the target stadium;
s22: importing the model in the S21 into the Fuzor through a virtual reality building platform Fuzor to build a virtual reality environment of a target stadium and an emergency evacuation identification system thereof; the model importing method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) importing a whole building model of the stadium;
(2) according to the live-action investigation picture, material mapping is given to each interface in the stadium, and the scene of the target stadium is restored by more vivid materials;
(3) setting a camera and a scene;
s23: an experimenter wears VR equipment, eye movement tracking equipment and inertial navigation type motion capturing and positioning equipment and collects readability index data, wherein the readability index data are data collected by an eye tracker and the motion capturing equipment in evacuation experiments of the experimenter in a virtual scene and comprise basic information, various eye movement parameters, space positioning information, head and hand data, motion track data and facial expression data;
s24: and classifying and packaging the collected data to obtain the mean value of each readability index parameter.
Further, the step S3 includes the following steps:
s31: forming a judgment set P ═ Plan by using each emergency evacuation identification arrangement scheme set in the target stadium field1，Plan2，Plan3，...，PlanmM is the number of judgment schemes;
s32: establishing a readability factor set IA ═ Index { Index ] according to all constructed readability secondary indexes1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn1}，IB＝{Index1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn2},IC＝{Index1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn3},ID＝{Index1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn4N1, n2, n3, n4 are the number of II-grade readability indicators for each I-grade indicator, n is the total number of second-grade readability indicators, n is n1+ n2+ n3+ n 4;
s33: constructing a II-level fuzzy evaluation index matrix R by using the emergency evacuation sign arrangement scheme evaluation set and each readability factor setIIAmn1，RIIBmn2，RIICmn3，RIIDmn4And I-level fuzzy evaluation index matrix RImn。
Further, the step S4 includes the following steps:
s41: establishing a level model of I-level readability evaluation indexes;
s42: constructing a judgment matrix;
s43: checking the layer consistency;
s44: and obtaining the I-level index weight vector.
Further, in step S5, a variable coefficient method is used to quickly perform weight calculation on the readability parameters obtained in the virtual experiment, so as to obtain a level II index weight vector; the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002939290870000041
Figure BDA0002939290870000042
wherein, ViThe coefficient of variation of the i index; sigmaiThe standard deviation of the ith index;
Figure BDA0002939290870000043
is the average number of the i index; wiIs the ith index weight.
Further, the step S6 includes the following steps:
constructing a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix, and constructing a fuzzy evaluation matrix of the I-level index by combining the II-level index weight vector obtained in the step S5;
and synthesizing the I-level fuzzy evaluation matrix with the I-level index weight vector obtained in the step S4 to form a stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation model based on a fuzzy theory, and obtaining a final readability comprehensive evaluation readability value and readability strength and readability order of the stadium emergency evacuation sign evaluation model.
The invention has the beneficial effects
(1) According to the method, based on the relevant parameters of eye movement change, a stadium emergency evacuation identification readability layered index system is established, and quantitative evaluation and analysis on readability of emergency evacuation identifications in stadiums are achieved;
(2) according to the method, a method capable of quantitatively evaluating the readability of the stadium emergency evacuation mark is established in a mode of combining a fuzzy theory, an analytic hierarchy process and a variation coefficient process, objective evaluation is rapidly performed through the variation coefficient process in a quantitative II-level evaluation index stage, subjective and objective combination evaluation is performed through the analytic hierarchy process in a qualitative I-level evaluation index stage, and the readability judgment accuracy of the stadium emergency evacuation mark is improved;
(3) the variable coefficient method adopted by the invention can quickly calculate data in large batch, and is suitable for II-level readability index data processing and weight calculation with more index details;
(4) according to the invention, the readability of the stadium emergency evacuation mark is judged on the basis of experimental data through a virtual reality experiment combining VR equipment, eye tracking equipment and inertial navigation type motion capture positioning equipment, the method is a scientific method for evaluating and predicting the design quality of the stadium evacuation mark, and a basis is provided for guiding the optimization layout of the space flow line.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system and a control method thereof based on a fuzzy theory according to the invention;
fig. 2 is an emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation index system of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a system block diagram of the stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments; all other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system based on fuzzy theory, the evaluation system comprising:
the readability evaluation system construction module comprises: establishing readability evaluation indexes aiming at emergency evacuation identification systems in a target stadium, and determining data required to be collected in a virtual experiment;
an experimental target stadium model construction module: constructing an emergency evacuation identification system, a complex shape and a space streamline of a target stadium, and restoring the reality sense of a scene as much as possible;
readability and evacuation data acquisition module: collecting basic information, various eye movement parameters, space positioning information, head and hand data, motion track data, time node speed data and facial expression data of a participant who participates in a readable experiment;
an experimental data fuzzy evaluation model analysis module: and the method is used for substituting the data collected by the experiment into the fuzzy evaluation model to calculate the readability numerical value of each emergency evacuation sign layout scheme and sort the readability.
The flow chart of the invention as shown in fig. 1 is a control method applied to a stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system based on fuzzy theory, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1, establishing an emergency evacuation identification readability evaluation index system;
s2, acquiring experiment data through a virtual reality experiment, and collecting and packing the experiment data;
s3, constructing a fuzzy evaluation index matrix of the II-level index;
s4, obtaining an I-level index weight vector through an analytic hierarchy process;
s5, calculating and analyzing data obtained by the virtual reality experiment by a coefficient of variation method to obtain a II-level index weight vector;
and S6, constructing a level I fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix, and synthesizing the weight vector and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix to obtain a readability evaluation result of the emergency evacuation identification scheme of the stadium.
The step S1 includes the steps of:
as shown in fig. 2, the readability evaluation index system of the emergency evacuation mark is established according to relevant parameters of eye movement change, such as an eye movement parameter, an eye jump parameter, a track parameter and an error parameter;
the eye movement parameters specifically include: a. total number of fixations; b. number of times of injection in the region of interest; c. a gaze duration; d. a first fixation time; e. gaze time; f. a target fixation rate; g. spatial density of gaze;
the eye jump parameter specifically includes: a. the number of eye jumps; b. eye jump amplitude; c. the number of eye jumps caused by direction change; d. the number of eye jumps of the look-back type;
the trajectory parameters specifically include: a. a motion trajectory thermal force value; b. the track path length; c. the time of the track movement;
the error parameters specifically include: a. range error of the eye tracker; b. range error of the path length of the trajectory; c. timing error of the movement time.
The step S2 includes the steps of:
s21: modeling a target stadium through Rhinoceros, SketchUp, Autodesk Revit and Autodesk Maya modeling software, constructing a plane space, an evacuation path and an identification system of the target stadium, and restoring identification readability, space experience and streamline organization of the target stadium;
modeling the complex shapes and space streamlines of the target stadium through Rhinoceros taking NURBS as modeling logic and Autodesk Maya modeling software taking Polygon as modeling logic, and restoring the building space and the shapes of the target stadium;
s22: importing the model in the S21 into the Fuzor through a virtual reality building platform Fuzor to build a virtual reality environment of a target stadium and an emergency evacuation identification system thereof; the model importing method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) importing a whole building model of the stadium;
(2) according to the live-action investigation picture, material mapping is given to each interface in the stadium, and the scene of the target stadium is restored by more vivid materials;
(3) setting a camera and a scene;
s23: an experimenter wears VR equipment, eye movement tracking equipment and inertial navigation type motion capturing and positioning equipment and collects readability index data, wherein the readability index data are data collected by an eye tracker and the motion capturing equipment in evacuation experiments of the experimenter in a virtual scene and comprise basic information, various eye movement parameters, space positioning information, head and hand data, motion track data and facial expression data;
s24: and classifying and packaging the collected data to obtain the mean value of each readability index parameter.
The step S3 includes the steps of:
s31: forming a judgment set P ═ Plan by using each emergency evacuation identification arrangement scheme set in the target stadium field1，Plan2，Plan3，...，PlanmM is the number of judgment schemes;
s32: establishing a readability factor set IA ═ Index { Index ] according to all constructed readability secondary indexes1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn1}，IB＝{Index1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn2},IC＝{Index1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn3},ID＝{Index1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn4N1, n2, n3, n4 are the number of II-grade readability indicators for each I-grade indicator, n is the total number of second-grade readability indicators, n is n1+ n2+ n3+ n 4;
s33: constructing a II-level fuzzy evaluation index matrix R by using the emergency evacuation sign arrangement scheme evaluation set and each readability factor setIIAmn1，RIIBmn2，RIICmn3，RIIDmn4And I-level fuzzy evaluation index matrix RImn。
The step S4 includes the steps of:
s41: establishing a level model of I-level readability evaluation indexes;
s42: constructing a judgment matrix;
s43: checking the layer consistency;
s44: and obtaining the I-level index weight vector.
Further, in the step S5, by using a coefficient of variation method, the weight of the readability parameters obtained in the virtual experiment is quickly calculated, so as to obtain a level II index weight vector; the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002939290870000071
Figure BDA0002939290870000072
wherein, ViThe coefficient of variation of the i index; sigmaiThe standard deviation of the ith index;
Figure BDA0002939290870000073
is the average number of the i index; wiIs the ith index weight.
The step S6 includes the steps of:
constructing a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix, and constructing a fuzzy evaluation matrix of the I-level index by combining the II-level index weight vector obtained in the step S5;
and synthesizing the I-level fuzzy evaluation matrix with the I-level index weight vector obtained in the step S4 to form a stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation model based on a fuzzy theory, and obtaining a final readability comprehensive evaluation readability value and readability strength and readability order of the stadium emergency evacuation sign evaluation model.
Example (b):
a stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system based on fuzzy theory, the evaluation system comprising:
a readability evaluation system construction module; an experimental target stadium model building module; readability and evacuation data acquisition module: an experimental data fuzzy evaluation model analysis module:
the readability evaluation system construction module comprises: the system is used for constructing readability evaluation indexes aiming at an emergency evacuation identification system in a Beijing bird nest Olympic center and determining data required to be collected in a virtual experiment; an experimental target stadium model construction module: the emergency evacuation identification system, the complex shape and the space streamline are used for constructing the Beijing bird nest Olympic center, and the sense of reality of a scene is restored as much as possible; readability and evacuation data acquisition module: the system is used for collecting basic information, various eye movement parameters, space positioning information, head and hand data, motion trail data, facial expression data and the like of a participant who participates in a readability experiment; an experimental data fuzzy evaluation model analysis module: the method is used for substituting the data collected by the experiment into the fuzzy evaluation model to calculate the readability numerical values of all emergency evacuation identification layout schemes and sort the readability, and quantitative evaluation and analysis of readability of emergency evacuation identifications in the sports field are achieved.
According to an example of the application, the readability evaluation system construction module collects information such as eye movement information, attention change and facial micro-expressions through the eye tracker and the motion capture equipment to achieve quantitative judgment of readability subentries of evacuation signs, so that the readability index system is established by establishing four I-level readability indexes including eye movement parameters, eye jump parameters, track parameters and error parameters, and the II-level readability index parameters are obtained by performing exhaustive subdivision on the I-level index, so that the readability evaluation system construction module is formed.
According to the invention, the model construction module 1:1 of the experimental target stadium is used for restoring the flow line of the internal space of the Beijing bird nest austenite center and the architectural shape, so that experimenters can conduct evacuation simulation and readable data collection with immersive experience. In a Beijing bird nest Olympic center model built at the body of an experimenter through VR equipment, an eye tracker is used for tracking and detecting the attention change of the experimenter to an emergency evacuation identification during evacuation and route seeking, eye movement data and eye jump data are collected, inertial navigation type motion capture positioning equipment is used for collecting and packaging space positioning information, time node information, facial expression information, head and four limbs motion information, motion track information, motion speed change information and the like of the experimenter during evacuation and evacuation, and the space positioning information, the time node information, the facial expression information, the head and four limbs motion information, the motion track information, the motion speed change information and the like are sent to a processing center. The experimental data fuzzy evaluation model analysis module constructs a quantitative evaluation method for the readability of the stadium emergency evacuation sign through a fuzzy theory, a hierarchical analysis method and a variation coefficient method, objective evaluation is carried out through the variation coefficient method in a quantitative II-level evaluation index stage, subjective and objective combination evaluation is carried out through the hierarchical analysis method in a qualitative I-level evaluation index stage, the readability judgment accuracy of the stadium emergency evacuation sign is improved, the method is a scientific method for evaluating and predicting the design quality of the stadium evacuation sign, and a basis is provided for guiding space streamline optimization layout.
Modeling complex shapes and space streamlines of the Beijing bird nest austenite center through Rhinoceros taking NURBS as modeling logic and Autodesk Maya and other modeling software taking Polygon as modeling logic, and more accurately and quickly restoring a plane space, an evacuation path and an identification system of a target austenite center;
in this embodiment, the step S2 specifically includes:
s21: modeling a target stadium through modeling software such as Rhinoceros, SketchUp, Autodesk Revit and Autodesk Maya, constructing a plane space, an evacuation path and an identification system of the target stadium, and reducing the identification readability, the space experience and the streamline organization of the target stadium to the maximum extent;
s22: importing the model built in the S21 into Fuzor through a virtual reality building platform Fuzor to build a virtual reality environment of the Beijing bird nest Olympic center and an emergency evacuation identification system thereof;
s23: the experimental personnel wear VR equipment, eye movement tracking equipment and inertial navigation type motion capturing and positioning equipment and collect readability index data;
s24: and classifying and packaging the collected data to obtain the mean value of each readability index parameter.
In step S21, modeling complex shapes and space streamlines of the beijing bird nest olympic center by using Rhinoceros with NURBS as modeling logic and Autodesk Maya and other modeling software with Polygon as modeling logic, so as to more accurately and quickly restore the plane space, evacuation path and identification system of the target olympic center;
in step S22, the method specifically includes:
(1) importing a Beijing bird nest Olympic center integral building model;
(2) according to the live-action investigation photo, material mapping is given to each interface in the stadium, and a scene of the Beijing bird nest Olympic center is restored by more vivid materials;
(3) setting a camera and a scene;
in step S23, the method specifically includes:
the method comprises the steps of collecting basic data such as sex, age and academic calendar of experimenters, and then wearing VR equipment, eye movement tracking equipment and inertial navigation type motion capture positioning equipment for the experimenters. Enabling the experimenter to be in the Beijing bird nest Olympic center model established in the step S22 through VR equipment, tracking and detecting the change of attention of the experimenter to an emergency evacuation identification during evacuation and road seeking by an eye tracker, collecting eye movement data and eye jump data, and collecting space positioning information, time node information, facial expression information, head and limb movement information, movement track information, movement speed change information and the like of the experimenter during escape and evacuation by adopting inertial navigation type motion capture positioning equipment. And classifying and packaging the information collected by the eye tracker and the inertial navigation type motion capture positioning equipment.
In step S3, the method specifically includes:
s31: the judgment set P ═ Plan is formed by the set of each emergency evacuation mark arrangement scheme in the Beijing bird nest Olympic center field1，Plan2，Plan3，...，PlanmM is the number of judgment schemes;
s32: establishing readability factor set IA ═ Index { Index ] by all constructed readability class II indexes1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn1}，IB＝{Index1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn2},IC＝{Index1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn3},ID＝{Index1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn4N1, n2, n3, n4 are the number of class II readability indicators for each class I indicator, n is the total number of class II readability indicators, n is n1+ n2+ n3+ n 4;
s33: constructing a II-level fuzzy evaluation index matrix R by using the emergency evacuation sign arrangement scheme evaluation set and the readability factor setIIAmn1，RIIBmn2，RIICmn3，RIIDmn4。
Figure BDA0002939290870000101
Figure BDA0002939290870000102
In step S4, the method specifically includes:
s41: establishing a level model of the I-level readability evaluation index, and respectively taking relevant factors as a target layer and an index layer from top to bottom through further analysis of the I-level readability evaluation index, wherein the factors of each layer are independent;
s42: constructing a judgment matrix,
the target layer is the readability judgment of the emergency evacuation mark, the index layer comprises four aspects of an eye movement parameter, an eye jump parameter, a track parameter and an error parameter, and a pairwise comparison matrix is constructed by a pairwise comparison method and a 1-9 comparison scale:
Figure BDA0002939290870000103
s43: the checking of the consistency of the layers is carried out,
calculating the maximum characteristic root lambda and the characteristic vector RI of the comparison matrix, carrying out consistency check, and if the check is passed, regarding the characteristic vector as a weight vector WI(ii) a Otherwise, step S42 needs to be repeated;
the test formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002939290870000104
Figure BDA0002939290870000105
wherein, CI is a consistency index; CR is the consistency ratio;
s44: when the consistency check is passed, obtaining I-level index weight vector WI：
WI＝{WIa,WIb,WIc,WId}；
In step S5, the method specifically includes:
and performing weight calculation on the readability parameters obtained in the virtual experiment through a coefficient of variation method to obtain a II-level index weight vector. The calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002939290870000111
Figure BDA0002939290870000112
wherein, ViThe coefficient of variation of the i index; sigmaiThe standard deviation of the ith index;
Figure BDA0002939290870000113
is the average number of the i index; wiIs the ith index weight.
Thus obtaining a level II indicator weight vector:
WII＝{WIIa1,WIIa2,...,WIIa7,WIIb1,WIIb2,...,WIIb4,WIIc1,WIIc2,WIIc3,WIId1,WIId2,WIId3,}；
eye movement parameter class II index weight vector is
WIIA＝{WIIa1,WIIa2,...,WIIa7}；
Eye jump parameter level II index weight vector of
WIIB＝{WIIb1,WIIb2,...,WIIb4}；
The track parameter level II index weight vector is
WIIC＝{WIIc1,WIIc2,WIIc3}；
Error parameter class II index weight vector of
WII＝{WIId1,WIId2,WIId3}；
In step S6, the method specifically includes:
constructing a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix according to the II-level index weight vector W obtained in the step S5IIAnd obtaining fuzzy comprehensive judgment B under the condition of eye movement parameter, eye jump parameter, track parameter and error parameterIIA,BIIB,BIIC,BIIDThen, a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix R of the I-level index is formedI。
BIIA＝WIIA·RIIAmn＝{bIIA1,bIIA2,...,bIIAm}；
BIIB＝WIIB·RIIBmn＝{bIIB1,bIIB2,...,bIIBm}；
BIIC＝WIIC·RIICmn＝{bIIC1,bIIC2,...,bIICm}；
BIID＝WIID·RIIDmn＝{bIID1,bIID2,...,bIIDm}；
Figure BDA0002939290870000121
Synthesizing the I-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix with the I-level index weight vector obtained in the step S4 to form a stadium emergency evacuation identification readability evaluation model B based on the fuzzy theoryI，
BI＝WI·RI＝{bI1,bI2,...,bIm}；
Then according to bI1,bI2,...,bImAnd sorting the sizes of the emergency evacuation signs so as to obtain the readability order of the emergency evacuation signs of each scheme.
The stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system based on the fuzzy theory and the control method thereof are introduced in detail, numerical simulation examples are applied to explain the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the explanation of the embodiments is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system based on fuzzy theory is characterized in that the evaluation system comprises:
the readability evaluation system construction module comprises: establishing readability evaluation indexes aiming at emergency evacuation identification systems in a target stadium, and determining data required to be collected in a virtual experiment;
an experimental target stadium model construction module: constructing an emergency evacuation identification system, a complex shape and a space streamline of a target stadium, and restoring the reality sense of a scene;
readability and evacuation data acquisition module: collecting basic information, various eye movement parameters, space positioning information, head and hand data, motion track data, time node speed data and facial expression data of a participant who participates in a readable experiment;
an experimental data fuzzy evaluation model analysis module: and the method is used for substituting the data collected by the experiment into the fuzzy evaluation model to calculate the readability numerical value of each emergency evacuation sign layout scheme and sort the readability.
2. A control method applied to a stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation system based on a fuzzy theory is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, establishing an emergency evacuation identification readability evaluation index system;
s2, acquiring experiment data through a virtual reality experiment, and collecting and packing the experiment data;
s3, constructing a fuzzy evaluation index matrix of the II-level index;
s4, obtaining an I-level index weight vector through an analytic hierarchy process;
s5, calculating and analyzing data obtained by the virtual reality experiment by a coefficient of variation method to obtain a II-level index weight vector;
and S6, constructing a level I fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix, and synthesizing the weight vector and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix to obtain a readability evaluation result of the emergency evacuation identification scheme of the stadium.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprising: the step S1 includes the steps of:
establishing an emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation index system according to eye movement change related parameters, wherein the eye movement change related parameters are an eye movement parameter, an eye jump parameter, a track parameter and an error parameter;
the eye movement parameters specifically include: a. total number of fixations; b. number of times of injection in the region of interest; c. a gaze duration; d. a first fixation time; e. gaze time; f. a target fixation rate; g. spatial density of gaze;
the eye jump parameter specifically includes: a. the number of eye jumps; b. eye jump amplitude; c. the number of eye jumps caused by direction change; d. the number of eye jumps of the look-back type;
the trajectory parameters specifically include: a. a motion trajectory thermal force value; b. the track path length; c. the time of the track movement;
the error parameters specifically include: a. range error of the eye tracker; b. range error of the path length of the trajectory; c. timing error of the movement time.
4. The method of claim 3, further comprising: the step S2 includes the steps of:
s21: modeling a target stadium through Rhinoceros, SketchUp, Autodesk Revit and Autodesk Maya modeling software, constructing a plane space, an evacuation path and an identification system of the target stadium, and restoring identification readability, space experience and streamline organization of the target stadium;
modeling the complex shapes and space streamlines of the target stadium through Rhinoceros taking NURBS as modeling logic and Autodesk Maya modeling software taking Polygon as modeling logic, and restoring the building space and the shapes of the target stadium;
s22: importing the model in the S21 into the Fuzor through a virtual reality building platform Fuzor to build a virtual reality environment of a target stadium and an emergency evacuation identification system thereof; the model importing method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) importing a whole building model of the stadium;
(2) according to the live-action investigation picture, material mapping is given to each interface in the stadium, and the scene of the target stadium is restored by more vivid materials;
(3) setting a camera and a scene;
s23: an experimenter wears VR equipment, eye movement tracking equipment and inertial navigation type motion capturing and positioning equipment and collects readability index data, wherein the readability index data are data collected by an eye tracker and the motion capturing equipment in evacuation experiments of the experimenter in a virtual scene and comprise basic information, various eye movement parameters, space positioning information, head and hand data, motion track data and facial expression data;
s24: and classifying and packaging the collected data to obtain the mean value of each readability index parameter.
5. The method of claim 4, further comprising: the step S3 includes the steps of:
s31: forming a judgment set P ═ Plan by using each emergency evacuation identification arrangement scheme set in the target stadium field1，Plan2，Plan3，...，PlanmM is the number of judgment schemes;
s32: establishing a readability factor set IA ═ Index { Index ] according to all constructed readability secondary indexes1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn1}，IB＝{Index1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn2},IC＝{Index1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn3},ID＝{Index1，Index2，Index3，…，Indexn4},n1,n2,n3,n4 is the number of II-grade readability indicators of each I-grade indicator, n is the total number of second-grade readability indicators, and n is n1+ n2+ n3+ n 4;
s33: constructing a II-level fuzzy evaluation index matrix R by using the emergency evacuation sign arrangement scheme evaluation set and each readability factor setIIAmn1，RIIBmn2，RIICmn3，RIIDmn4And I-level fuzzy evaluation index matrix RImn。
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising: the step S4 includes the steps of:
s41: establishing a level model of I-level readability evaluation indexes;
s42: constructing a judgment matrix;
s43: checking the layer consistency;
s44: and obtaining the I-level index weight vector.
7. The method of claim 6, further comprising: in the step S5, performing weight calculation on the readability parameters obtained in the virtual experiment rapidly by using a coefficient of variation method, to obtain a class II index weight vector; the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002939290860000031
Figure FDA0002939290860000032
wherein, ViThe coefficient of variation of the i index; sigmaiThe standard deviation of the ith index;
Figure FDA0002939290860000033
is the average number of the i index; wiIs the ith index weight.
8. The method of claim 7, further comprising: the step S6 includes the steps of:
constructing a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation matrix, and constructing a fuzzy evaluation matrix of the I-level index by combining the II-level index weight vector obtained in the step S5;
and synthesizing the I-level fuzzy evaluation matrix with the I-level index weight vector obtained in the step S4 to form a stadium emergency evacuation sign readability evaluation model based on a fuzzy theory, and obtaining a final readability comprehensive evaluation readability value and readability strength and readability order of the stadium emergency evacuation sign evaluation model.
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