CN112835115A - Activity fracture interpretation method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for interpreting active fracture, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring thermal infrared remote sensing data, optical remote sensing data, topographic data and geological data of a working area; based on remote sensing image processing software, carrying out radiation calibration on thermal infrared remote sensing data; performing surface temperature inversion based on an atmospheric correction method, and correcting the surface temperature based on the slope direction and the gradient of a mountain area and solar radiation to obtain the surface temperature subjected to inversion correction; calculating ground net radiation based on numerical simulation to obtain the numerical simulation earth surface temperature; acquiring the earth surface heat anomaly of the working area based on the earth surface temperature subjected to inversion correction and the numerically simulated earth surface temperature; extracting a fracture active optical remote sensing interpretation result based on topographic data, geological data and optical remote sensing data; and (3) superposing and analyzing the active fracture optical remote sensing interpretation result and the surface heat abnormity to obtain the planar information of the active fracture influence range. The invention can improve the work efficiency of the investigation of the active fracture influence range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering geological exploration, in particular to an active fracture interpretation method and device.
Background
In the related technology, the method of combining optical remote sensing interpretation with ground survey and exploration verification is mainly adopted for judging the influence range of the active fracture. Firstly, the linear image, the hue difference and the linear micro-landform in the optical remote sensing image are visually interpreted by combining regional geological data, the approximate position of the active fracture is determined, and then the influence range of the active fracture is determined through ground survey and exploration verification. The ground investigation and exploration verification work of the method is mainly arranged according to an optical remote sensing interpretation result, certain blindness is achieved, and most of the determined active fracture influence range is point-shaped or linear information.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the specification provides a method and a device for interpreting active fracture.
In one aspect, an active fracture interpretation method provided in an embodiment of the present specification includes: acquiring thermal infrared remote sensing data, optical remote sensing data, topographic data and geological data of a working area; based on remote sensing image processing software, carrying out radiation calibration on the thermal infrared remote sensing data; performing surface temperature inversion based on an atmospheric correction method, and correcting the surface temperature based on the slope direction, the gradient and the solar radiation of a mountain area to obtain the surface temperature subjected to inversion correction; calculating ground net radiation based on numerical simulation to obtain the numerical simulation earth surface temperature; acquiring the earth surface thermal anomaly of the working area based on the inversion corrected earth surface temperature and the numerical simulation earth surface temperature; extracting a fracture-active optical remote sensing interpretation result based on the terrain data, the geological data and the optical remote sensing data; and based on GIS (Geographic Information System) software, superposing and analyzing the optical remote sensing interpretation result of the active fracture and the surface thermal anomaly to acquire the planar Information of the active fracture influence range.
In another aspect, an active fracture interpretation apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present specification includes: the data acquisition module is used for acquiring thermal infrared remote sensing data, optical remote sensing data, topographic data and geological data of a working area; the radiation calibration module is used for performing radiation calibration on the thermal infrared remote sensing data based on remote sensing image processing software; the earth surface temperature inversion correction module is used for performing earth surface temperature inversion based on an atmospheric correction method, correcting the earth surface temperature based on the slope direction, the gradient and the solar radiation of a mountain area, and acquiring the inversion corrected earth surface temperature; the ground surface temperature numerical simulation module is used for calculating ground net radiation based on numerical simulation and obtaining the numerical simulation ground surface temperature; the surface thermal anomaly obtaining module is used for obtaining the surface thermal anomaly of the working area based on the inversion corrected surface temperature and the numerical simulation surface temperature; the optical remote sensing interpretation result acquisition module is used for extracting the active fracture optical remote sensing interpretation result based on the terrain data, the geological data and the optical remote sensing data; and the planar information acquisition module is used for superposing and analyzing the optical remote sensing interpretation result of the active fracture and the surface heat anomaly based on GIS software to acquire planar information of the active fracture influence range.
According to the invention, by utilizing a thermal infrared remote sensing technology, surface heat abnormal information of working areas in daytime and at night is extracted, and comprehensive analysis is carried out by combining an optical remote sensing interpretation result, and planar information of the active fracture influence range is obtained, so that ground investigation and exploration verification work of active fracture can be better guided, the method is more pertinent, and the work efficiency and the accuracy of investigation of the active fracture influence range can be effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method for active fracturing interpretation in accordance with some embodiments of the present description.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a mobile fracture interpretation unit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present specification, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present specification, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present specification, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the embodiments in the present specification without any inventive step should fall within the scope of protection of the present specification.
As shown in FIG. 1, some embodiments of the present description provide a method for active fracture interpretation, including obtaining thermal infrared remote sensing data, optical remote sensing data, topographical data, and geological data of a work area; based on remote sensing image processing software, carrying out radiation calibration on the thermal infrared remote sensing data; performing surface temperature inversion based on an atmospheric correction method, and correcting the surface temperature based on the slope direction, the gradient and the solar radiation of a mountain area to obtain the surface temperature subjected to inversion correction; calculating ground net radiation based on numerical simulation to obtain the numerical simulation earth surface temperature; acquiring the earth surface thermal anomaly of the working area based on the inversion corrected earth surface temperature and the numerical simulation earth surface temperature; extracting a fracture-active optical remote sensing interpretation result based on the terrain data, the geological data and the optical remote sensing data; and based on GIS software, superposing and analyzing the active fracture optical remote sensing interpretation result and the surface heat abnormity to obtain the planar information of the active fracture influence range. The fracture optical remote sensing interpretation result can specifically comprise a linear image and/or a hue difference and/or a linear micro-landform characteristic of the fracture on the optical remote sensing image.
In some embodiments of the present description, the thermal infrared remote sensing data comprises ASTER and/or Landsat TM and/or Landsat ETM + and/or Landsat TIRS; the optical remote sensing data comprise SPOT with the resolution of 2.5m and/or high-resolution first number with the resolution of 2m and/or high-resolution second number with the resolution of 1m and/or satellite remote sensing data and/or aerial remote sensing data with higher resolution; the topographic data comprise a digital elevation model DEM and/or a digital surface model DSM and/or a topographic map; the geological data comprises regional geological data and/or hydrogeological data and/or seismic data and/or geological data and/or mineral data.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the step of performing surface temperature inversion is to calculate vegetation coverage Pv, Pv ═ NDVI (NDVI-NDVI)Soil)/(NDVIVeg-NDVISoil) Wherein NDVI is the normalized vegetation index, NDVISoilNDVI value for a completely bare or vegetation-free covered areaVegTo set the NDVI value of a picture element that is completely covered by vegetation, the NDVI can be setVeg＝0.70、NDVISoilWhen the NDVI of a certain pixel is more than 0.70, the value of Pv is 1; when the NDVI of a certain pixel is less than 0.05, the value Pv is 0; calculating the earth surface emissivity epsilon based on the vegetation coverage Pv, wherein epsilon is 0.004Pv + 0.986; acquiring atmospheric profile parameters, wherein the atmospheric profile parameters comprise the transmittance tau of the atmosphere in a thermal infrared band, upward atmospheric radiation brightness L ↓anddownward atmospheric radiation bright radiation brightness L ↓; calculating the thermal infrared radiation brightness value L received by the satellite sensor based on the atmospheric profile parameterλ，Lλ＝(εB(TS) + (1-epsilon) L ↓) tau + L ↓, where epsilon is the earth surface specific radiance, TSIs the true surface temperature (K), B (T)S) Is the black body heat radiation brightness; calculating the radiation brightness B (T) of a black body with the temperature T in a thermal infrared bandS)，B(TS)＝(Lλ-L ↓/τ epsilon (1-epsilon) L ↓; calculating the surface temperature Trs，Trs＝K2/ln(K1/B(TS) +1), wherein, for Landsat TM, K1＝607.76W/(m2·μm·sr)，K21260.56K; for Landsat ETM +, K1＝666.09W/(m2·μm·sr)，K21282.71K; for Landsat TIRS Band10, K1＝774.89W/(m2·μm·sr)，K2＝1321.08K。
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the step of correcting the surface temperature is to correct a difference between the surface temperature of the mountain area by using a functional relationship between a slope direction, a gradient and solar radiation, and set the surface temperature of the inversion correction to Ts，Ts＝Trs+ Δ T, where Δ T ═ f (Δ Q) ═ 2ar cot (h) sin α | cos (β - η) | + b, Δ T is the correction of the surface slope temperature difference, Δ Q is the solar radiation difference, R is the planar unit solar radiation absorption rate, h is the solar altitude angle, α is the slope, β is the solar azimuth angle, η is the slope direction, and a and b are the regression constants. Considering that the vegetation can play a role in cooling and heat preservation on the earth surface temperature, the linear relation between the statistical earth surface temperature and the normalized vegetation index NDVI is corrected for the forest land and the shrub in the calculation.
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the step of obtaining the numerically simulated surface temperature is specifically calculating the numerically simulated surface temperature based on a ground net radiation Q and a stepan-boltzmann equation, where Q ═ Q + Qb) - (Qr + Qc + Qd + Qw)
Wherein ε is black body radiation coefficient, σ is Stefan constant, and 5.67 × 10 is selected- 8W·m-2·K-4A and b are regression constants, Qa is the direct solar radiation, and Qb isThe radiation is scattered by the sun, Qr is self-radiation, Qc is air convection heat transfer, Qd is heat transfer, and Qw is latent heat transfer.
Further, the calculation method of the direct solar radiation at the time S is as follows:
wherein Qa (i, j) represents the direct solar radiation at the point with coordinates (i, j) and the latitude is
The gradient is alpha, the slope direction is beta, IaIs the sun constant, delta is the sun inclination, wsr，wssFor the time angles of sunrise and sunset, u, v, and w are defined as follows:
w＝sinαcsinβ
the calculation formula of the solar scattered radiation is Qb ═ c1(sinδ)c2In the formula, c1、c2Respectively are empirical parameters, and delta is a sun inclination angle;
the self-radiation Qr ═ epsilon sigma T4ε is the heat dissipation rate, T is the surface temperature, and σ is Stefan constant;
the air convection heat transfer Qc is H (T)air-T), H is the convective heat transfer coefficient, TairLow atmospheric temperature;
the heat conduction Qd ∈ (T-T)inr) E is thermal conductivity, TinIs the internal temperature of the object, d is the thickness of the object;
the latent heat exchange Qw ═ p [ C [ ]p/γ)·(ea(T)-es(T))/R, where ρ is the material density, CpIs specific heat capacity at constant pressure, gamma is specific humidity constant, ea(T)、esAnd (T) is the actual air pressure and the saturated air pressure when the air temperature is T, and R is the total aerodynamic impedance of different types of ground objects (such as vegetation, water bodies, bare land and the like).
In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the step of acquiring the surface heat anomaly of the working area is specifically based on a calculation formula Δ T ═ T (T) of the surface heat anomalys-Te)/TsAnd respectively calculating daytime surface heat anomaly delta T daytime and nighttime surface heat anomaly delta T nighttime, and performing superposition analysis on the daytime surface heat anomaly delta T daytime and the nighttime surface heat anomaly delta T nighttime to acquire comprehensive surface heat anomaly delta T of the working area, wherein delta T is (delta T daytime + delta T nighttime).
With reference to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an active fracture interpretation apparatus, including a data information obtaining module, configured to obtain thermal infrared remote sensing data, optical remote sensing data, topographic data, and geological data of a working area; the radiation calibration module is used for performing radiation calibration on the thermal infrared remote sensing data based on remote sensing image processing software; the earth surface temperature inversion correction module is used for performing earth surface temperature inversion based on an atmospheric correction method, correcting the earth surface temperature based on the slope direction, the gradient and the solar radiation of a mountain area, and acquiring the inversion corrected earth surface temperature; the ground surface temperature simulation module is used for acquiring simulated ground surface temperature based on net radiation acquired from the ground; the surface thermal anomaly obtaining module is used for obtaining the surface thermal anomaly of the working area based on the inversion corrected surface temperature and the simulated surface temperature; the optical remote sensing interpretation result acquisition module is used for extracting the active fracture optical remote sensing interpretation result based on the terrain data, the geological data and the optical remote sensing data; and the planar information acquisition module is used for superposing and analyzing the optical remote sensing interpretation result of the active fracture and the surface heat anomaly based on GIS software to acquire planar information of the active fracture influence range.
One embodiment of the present invention is described below based on a particular sequence of steps as follows:
the first step is as follows: and acquiring thermal infrared remote sensing data, optical remote sensing data, terrain and geological data of the working area. The thermal infrared remote sensing data can be ASTER, Landsat TM/Landsat ETM +/Landsat TIRS and the like, the optical remote sensing data can be SPOT with the resolution of 2.5m, high-resolution one with the resolution of 2m, high-resolution two with the resolution of 1m or satellite remote sensing data or aerial remote sensing data with higher resolution, and the optical remote sensing data can meet the requirement of interpretation precision of the movable broken linear micro-landform; the topographic data is Digital Elevation Model (DEM), Digital Surface Model (DSM), topographic map, etc.; the geological data is regional geological, hydrogeological, earthquake, ground disaster, mineral deposit and other data.
The second step is that: and radiometric calibration of thermal infrared remote sensing data. And carrying out radiometric calibration on the thermal infrared remote sensing data by using remote sensing image processing software.
The third step: and (5) inverting the surface temperature. The surface temperature inversion is carried out by adopting an atmospheric correction method, and the method can comprise the following 6 steps: (1) calculating vegetation coverage Pv ═ NDVI (NDVI-NDVI)Soil)/(NDVIVeg-NDVISoil) Wherein NDVI is the normalized vegetation index, NDVISoilNDVI value for a completely bare or vegetation-free covered areaVegIs the NDVI value of the picture element that is completely covered by vegetation. In particular, in the preceding step, an empirical value NDVI may be takenVeg0.70 and NDVISoilWhen NDVI of a certain pixel is greater than 0.70, Pv is 1; and when the NDVI of a certain pixel is less than 0.05, the value of Pv is 0. (2) The earth's surface emissivity epsilon is calculated to be 0.004Pv + 0.986. (3) Acquiring atmospheric profile parameters including the transmittance tau of the atmosphere in a thermal infrared band, the upward radiation brightness L ↓ofthe atmosphere and the downward radiation brightness L ↓ofthe atmosphere. For Landsat TIRS, a query can be made in a website provided by NASA. (4) Calculating the thermal infrared radiation brightness value L received by the satellite sensorλ＝(εB(TS) + (1-epsilon) L ↓) tau + L ↓, where epsilon is the earth's surface specific radiance and TSIs the true surface temperature (K), B (T)S) Is black body thermal radiation brightness. (5) Calculating the radiation brightness B (T) of a black body with the temperature T in a thermal infrared bandS)＝(Lλ-L ↓/τ epsilon (1-epsilon) L ↓. (6) Calculating the surface temperature Trs＝K2/ln(K1/B(TS) +1), for TM, K1＝607.76W/(m2·μm·sr)，K21260.56K; for ETM +, K1＝666.09W/(m2·μm·sr)，K21282.71K; for TIRS Band10, K1＝774.89W/(m2·μm·sr)，K21321.08K. After the surface temperature is inverted, the surface temperature can be corrected, specifically as follows: for mountainous areas or hills, the terrain is a main factor influencing the surface temperature, and the difference of the surface temperature of the mountainous areas can be corrected by utilizing the function relation of the slope direction and the gradient of the mountainous areas or hills and the solar radiation, Ts＝Trs+ Δ T, where Δ T ═ f (Δ Q) ═ 2ar cot (h) sin α | cos (β - η) | + b, where Δ T is the surface slope temperature difference correction, Δ Q is the solar radiation difference, R is the planar unit solar radiation absorption rate, h is the solar altitude, α is the slope, β is the solar azimuth, η is the slope, and a, b are the regression constants. In addition, the vegetation has a cooling effect and a heat preservation effect on the earth surface temperature, the change degree of the earth surface temperature is mainly slowed down, two types of forest lands and shrubs are selected in calculation, and the linear relation between the earth surface temperature and the normalized vegetation index (NDVI) is counted and corrected.
The fourth step: and (5) simulating the surface temperature numerical value. Calculating radiation energy according to the solar altitude angle, and simulating surface temperature information according to the specific heat, the thermal conductivity and the heat dissipation rate of the terrain, the vegetation, the soil and the water.
The radiation obtained from the earth surface is from solar radiation and atmospheric radiation, and the loss mainly comes from self radiation, air convection heat exchange, heat conduction and latent heat exchange. According to the ground net radiation Q ═ Qa + Qb) - (Qr + Qc + Qd + Qw), the surface temperature can be calculated according to the equation of stefan-boltzmann
ε is black body radiation coefficient, σ is Stefan constant, and 5.67 × 10 is taken-8W·m-2·K-4And a and b are regression constants.
The solar radiation energy includes direct radiation and scattered radiation, and the direct solar radiation at time S is calculated as follows:
wherein Qa (i, j) represents the direct solar radiation at the point with coordinates (i, j) and the latitude is
The gradient is alpha, the slope direction is beta, IaIs the sun constant, delta is the sun inclination, wsr，wssFor the time angles of sunrise and sunset, u, v, and w are defined as follows:
w＝sinαcsinβ
the solar scattered radiation is also called environmental radiation, and the calculation formula is Qb ═ c1(sinδ)c2In the formula, c1、c2Respectively empirical parameters, depending on the atmospheric transparency, δ being the solar inclination.
Self-radiation Qr ═ epsilon sigma T4ε is the heat dissipation rate, T is the surface temperature, and σ is the Stefan constant.
Heat convection by air Qc ═ H (T)air-T), H is the convective heat transfer coefficient, TairLow atmospheric temperature.
Heat conduction Qd ∈ (T-T)inr) E is thermal conductivity, TinIs the temperature inside the object and d is the thickness of the object.
The latent heat exchange Qw is the evaporation effect of the moisture on the surface of the object. When the ambient temperature is higher than the temperature of the object, the object absorbs the heat in the air to evaporate, and the rise of the surface temperature is delayed; when the temperature of the object gas is lower than the temperature of the object, the water vapor near the surface of the object is condensed to release heat, and the temperature of the surface is delayed to drop. Qw ═ p Cp/γ)·(ea(T)-es(T))/R，Where ρ is the material density, CpIs specific heat capacity at constant pressure, gamma is specific humidity constant, ea(T)、esAnd (T) is the actual air pressure and the saturated air pressure when the air temperature is T, and R is the total aerodynamic impedance of different types of ground objects (such as vegetation, water bodies, bare land and the like).
The fifth step: surface temperature T inverted according to remote sensing in the third stepsAnd fourthly, calculating the earth surface temperature T by the theoretical numerical simulation modeleCalculating the surface thermal anomaly Δ T ═ T (T)s-Te)/Ts. Similarly, surface heat abnormalities during the daytime and at night are calculated respectively. Then, the GIS software is used for carrying out superposition analysis on the acquired daytime surface heat abnormity and nighttime surface heat abnormity to obtain working area comprehensive surface heat abnormity delta T ═ delta TDaytime+ΔTNight time)。
And a sixth step: active fracture optical remote sensing interpretation. And (3) extracting the linear image, the hue difference and the linear micro-landform characteristics of the active fracture on the optical remote sensing image by combining the terrain and geological data.
The seventh step: and utilizing GIS software to perform superposition analysis on the earth surface heat abnormity obtained through calculation in the first step to the fifth step and the active fracture optical remote sensing interpretation result extracted in the sixth step, and finally obtaining the planar information of the active fracture influence range.
In summary, the invention utilizes the thermal infrared remote sensing technology to extract the surface heat abnormal information of the working area in daytime and at night, and carries out comprehensive analysis by combining the optical remote sensing interpretation result to obtain the planar information of the action fracture influence range. The ground investigation and exploration verification work of the active fracture can be better guided, so that the active fracture has pertinence, and the work efficiency and accuracy of the active fracture influence range exploration can be effectively improved.
While the process flows described above include operations that occur in a particular order, it should be appreciated that the processes may include more or less operations that are performed sequentially or in parallel (e.g., using parallel processors or a multi-threaded environment). The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods according to embodiments of the invention.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method or device comprising the element.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, as for the method embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the apparatus embodiment, the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the partial description of the apparatus embodiment. The above description is only an example of the present specification, and is not intended to limit the present specification. Various modifications and alterations to this description will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present specification should be included in the scope of the claims of the present specification.
Claims (11)
1. A method of fracture interpretation, the method comprising:
acquiring thermal infrared remote sensing data, optical remote sensing data, topographic data and geological data of a working area;
based on remote sensing image processing software, carrying out radiation calibration on the thermal infrared remote sensing data;
performing surface temperature inversion based on an atmospheric correction method, and correcting the surface temperature based on the slope direction, the gradient and the solar radiation of a mountain area to obtain the surface temperature subjected to inversion correction;
calculating ground net radiation based on numerical simulation to obtain the numerical simulation earth surface temperature;
acquiring the earth surface thermal anomaly of the working area based on the inversion corrected earth surface temperature and the numerical simulation earth surface temperature;
extracting a fracture-active optical remote sensing interpretation result based on the terrain data, the geological data and the optical remote sensing data;
and based on GIS software, superposing and analyzing the active fracture optical remote sensing interpretation result and the surface heat abnormity to obtain the planar information of the active fracture influence range.
2. The active fracture interpretation method according to claim 1,
the thermal infrared remote sensing data comprises ASTER and/or Landsat TM and/or Landsat ETM + and/or Landsat TIRS;
the optical remote sensing data comprise SPOT with the resolution of 2.5m and/or high-resolution first number with the resolution of 2m and/or high-resolution second number with the resolution of 1m and/or satellite remote sensing data and/or aerial remote sensing data with higher resolution;
the topographic data comprise a digital elevation model DEM and/or a digital surface model DSM and/or a topographic map;
the geological data comprises regional geological data and/or hydrogeological data and/or seismic data and/or geological data and/or mineral data.
3. The active fracture interpretation method according to claim 2,
the step of performing surface temperature inversion comprises, specifically,
calculating vegetation coverage Pv, Pv ═ or (NDVI-NDVI)Soil)/(NDVIVeg-NDVISoil) Wherein NDVI is the normalized vegetation index, NDVISoilNDVI value for a completely bare or vegetation-free covered areaVegNDVI value of the pixel completely covered by vegetation;
calculating the earth surface emissivity epsilon based on the vegetation coverage Pv, wherein epsilon is 0.004Pv + 0.986;
acquiring atmospheric profile parameters, wherein the atmospheric profile parameters comprise the transmittance tau of the atmosphere in a thermal infrared band, upward atmospheric radiation brightness L ↓anddownward atmospheric radiation bright radiation brightness L ↓;
calculating the thermal infrared radiation brightness value L received by the satellite sensor based on the atmospheric profile parameterλ，Lλ＝(εB(TS) + (1-epsilon) L ↓) tau + L ↓, where epsilon is the earth surface specific radiance, TSIs the true surface temperature (K), B (T)S) Is the black body heat radiation brightness;
calculating the radiation brightness B (T) of a black body with the temperature T in a thermal infrared bandS)，B(TS)＝(Lλ-L↑-τ(1-ε)L↓)/τε；
Calculating the surface temperature Trs，Trs＝K2/ln(K1/B(TS) +1), wherein, for Landsat TM, K1＝607.76W/(m2·μm·sr)，K21260.56K; for Landsat ETM +, K1＝666.09W/(m2·μm·sr)，K21282.71K; for Landsat TIRS Band10, K1＝774.89W/(m2·μm·sr)，K2＝1321.08K。
4. The active fracture interpretation method according to claim 3,
setting NDVIVeg＝0.70、NDVISoilWhen the NDVI of a certain pixel is more than 0.70, the value of Pv is 1; and when the NDVI of a certain pixel is less than 0.05, the value of Pv is 0.
5. The active fracture interpretation method according to claim 4,
the step of correcting the surface temperature is, specifically,
correcting the mountain land surface temperature difference by utilizing the function relation of the slope direction, the slope and the solar radiation, and setting the inversion-corrected land surface temperature as Ts，Ts＝Trs+ Δ T, where Δ T ═ f (Δ Q) ═ 2ar cot (h) sin α | cos (β - η) | + b, Δ T is the surface slope temperature difference correction, Δ Q is the solar radiation difference, R is the planar unit solar radiation absorption rate, h is the solar altitude, α is the slope, β is the solar azimuth,eta is the slope direction, and a and b are regression constants.
6. The active fracture interpretation method according to claim 5,
and correcting the linear relation between the statistical earth surface temperature and the normalized vegetation index NDVI according to the two types of the forest land and the shrub.
7. The active fracture interpretation method according to claim 6,
the step of obtaining the numerically simulated surface temperature may, specifically,
calculating the numerical simulated earth surface temperature based on the ground net radiation Q and a stefan-boltzmann equation, wherein Q ═ is (Qa + Qb) - (Qr + Qc + Qd + Qw)
Wherein ε is black body radiation coefficient, σ is Stefan constant, and 5.67 × 10 is selected-8W·m-2·K-4A and b are regression constants, Qa is direct solar radiation, Qb is scattered solar radiation, Qr is self radiation, Qc is air convection heat transfer, Qd is heat conduction, and Qw is latent heat transfer.
8. The active fracture interpretation method of claim 7,
the calculation method of the direct solar radiation at the time S is as follows:
wherein Qa (i, j) represents the direct solar radiation at the point with coordinates (i, j) and the latitude is
The gradient is alpha, the slope direction is beta, IaIs the sun constant, delta is the sun inclination, wsr，wssThe hour angles of the daily rise and the sunset, u, v,w are defined as follows:
w＝sinαcsinβ
the calculation formula of the solar scattered radiation is Qb ═ c1(sinδ)c2In the formula, c1、c2Respectively are empirical parameters, and delta is a sun inclination angle;
the self-radiation Qr ═ epsilon sigma T4ε is the heat dissipation rate, T is the surface temperature, and σ is Stefan constant;
the air convection heat transfer Qc is H (T)air-T), H is the convective heat transfer coefficient, TairLow atmospheric temperature;
the heat conduction Qd ∈ (T-T)inr) E is thermal conductivity, TinIs the internal temperature of the object, d is the thickness of the object;
the latent heat exchange Qw ═ p [ C [ ]p/γ)·(ea(T)-es(T))/R, where ρ is the material density, CpIs specific heat capacity at constant pressure, gamma is specific humidity constant, ea(T)、es(T) the actual air pressure and the saturated air pressure when the air temperature is T respectively, and R is the aerodynamic total impedance of different types of ground objects.
9. The active fracture interpretation method according to claim 8,
the step of acquiring the surface thermal anomaly of the working area comprises, specifically,
calculation formula Δ T ═ T (T) based on surface anomalous heats-Te)/TsRespectively calculating daytime surface heat anomaly delta T daytime and nighttime surface heat anomaly delta T nighttime, and performing superposition analysis on the daytime surface heat anomaly delta T daytime and the nighttime surface heat anomaly delta T nighttime to acquire the heat fluxThe integrated surface thermal anomaly Δ T for the work area, Δ T ═ Δ T daytime + Δ T nighttime.
10. The active fracture interpretation method of claim 9,
the fracture optical remote sensing interpretation result specifically comprises a linear image and/or hue difference and/or linear micro-landform characteristics of the fracture on the optical remote sensing image.
11. An active fracture interpretation apparatus comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring thermal infrared remote sensing data, optical remote sensing data, topographic data and geological data of a working area;
the radiation calibration module is used for performing radiation calibration on the thermal infrared remote sensing data based on remote sensing image processing software;
the earth surface temperature inversion correction module is used for performing earth surface temperature inversion based on an atmospheric correction method, correcting the earth surface temperature based on the slope direction, the gradient and the solar radiation of a mountain area, and acquiring the inversion corrected earth surface temperature;
the ground surface temperature numerical simulation module is used for calculating ground net radiation based on numerical simulation and obtaining the numerical simulation ground surface temperature;
the surface thermal anomaly obtaining module is used for obtaining the surface thermal anomaly of the working area based on the inversion corrected surface temperature and the numerical simulation surface temperature;
the optical remote sensing interpretation result acquisition module is used for extracting the active fracture optical remote sensing interpretation result based on the terrain data, the geological data and the optical remote sensing data;
and the planar information acquisition module is used for superposing and analyzing the optical remote sensing interpretation result of the active fracture and the surface heat anomaly based on GIS software to acquire planar information of the active fracture influence range.
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| CN113516764A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-10-19 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Lake and reservoir underwater three-dimensional terrain simulation method and device based on digital elevation model |
| CN115841628A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-03-24 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | High-precision irrigation district water consumption information automatic interpretation system |
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| CN115841628A (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-03-24 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | High-precision irrigation district water consumption information automatic interpretation system |
| CN115841628B (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-09-19 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Automatic interpretation system for high-precision irrigation area water consumption information |
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