CN112834699A - Supercritical carbon dioxide compression circulation test bench - Google Patents
Supercritical carbon dioxide compression circulation test bench Download PDFInfo
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- CN112834699A CN112834699A CN202011631755.3A CN202011631755A CN112834699A CN 112834699 A CN112834699 A CN 112834699A CN 202011631755 A CN202011631755 A CN 202011631755A CN 112834699 A CN112834699 A CN 112834699A
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 228
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
- G01N33/004—CO or CO2
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Abstract
The invention relates to a supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench, which is integrated by a magnetic suspension motor module, a gas compressor module, a cooling module, a pressure reducing valve module and a sensor module; changing the rotating speed and load of a magnetic suspension motor through a magnetic suspension motor monitoring unit in a supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measurement and control console, and controlling the different-degree pressure increase ratios of the gas compressor; the opening of a circulating water pump in the cooler is changed to control the heat exchange effect of the cooler; by using the pressure reducing valve, an isentropic expansion process of the turbine doing work in the Brayton cycle is simulated, and the pressure reducing valve can be controlled by the industrial personal computer so as to adjust the state of the outlet working medium. According to the invention, by monitoring the temperature and pressure of the key measuring points and the mass flow of the supercritical carbon dioxide in the pipeline, the key performance of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle core equipment can be tested, the influence of the supercritical carbon dioxide on the Brayton thermodynamic cycle can be researched, and the working state of the Brayton thermodynamic cycle can be monitored.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas waste heat utilization of marine diesel engines, in particular to a supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench.
Background
Supercritical carbon dioxide (S-CO)2) The Brayton cycle power generation system is a technology for converting heat of a heat source into mechanical energy and finally outputting electric energy by taking carbon dioxide in a supercritical state as a cycle working medium, and the cycle process is as follows: first, it is super criticalThe boundary carbon dioxide is subjected to pressure rise through a compressor, namely an isentropic compression process; then, isobaric heating is carried out on the working medium by using a heat exchanger, namely an isobaric heating process; secondly, the working medium enters a turbine to push the turbine to do work, and the turbine drives a motor to generate electricity, namely an isentropic expansion process; and finally, the working medium enters a cooler, is restored to an initial state, and then enters the compressor to form closed circulation, namely an isobaric heat release process.
The supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system has the characteristics of high efficiency, environmental protection and the like, is regarded as one of the main development directions of future power generation, and has good application prospects in various fields. Especially, the supercritical carbon dioxide brayton cycle power generation system has obvious advantages in the aspects of improving the power generation efficiency, reducing the volume and weight of the power generation system, reducing the noise influence and the like, is more suitable for ships with limited internal space compared with the traditional waste heat power generation mode, and has attracted high attention and vigorous research and development in various countries.
Chinese patent CN111413119A discloses a performance test platform suitable for core equipment of a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, which simulates waste heat exhaust of a ship main engine through auxiliary compressed air and a control system and controls S-CO in a main circulation system2The system obtains the thermoelectric conversion efficiency of the system by comparing and analyzing the system heat supply quantity and the output electric energy of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, thereby realizing the purpose of testing the overall efficiency of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, and additionally arranging different bypass pipelines to realize the performance test of each core device in the system.
However, the test platform disclosed by the patent is complex in structure, and for researching the performance of core equipment of a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, such as an air compressor and a cooler, a complete Brayton cycle does not need to be constructed, and an isentropic expansion process of a pressure reducing valve can be used for replacing an isobaric heat absorption process of waste heat absorption and an isentropic expansion process of a turbine, so that the structure of the test bed can be greatly simplified; and the replaceability of its core devices is low. According to the device, the core equipment can be replaced and tested through the modular building rack; the test acquisition precision is to be further improved, the sampling rate of the supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle test and control table in the patent can reach 250kS/s at most, the axle center track of the high-speed magnetic suspension motor and the pressure change condition of the cycle table frame can be accurately monitored in real time, and the stable and efficient operation of the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test table is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench aiming at the defects of complex structure, low replaceability and low acquisition precision in the prior art, the test bench is a simplified structure of a supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system, an isobaric heat absorption process of waste heat absorption and an adiabatic expansion process of a turbine are replaced by an adiabatic expansion process of a pressure reducing valve, and the test bench focuses on researching the performance of supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle core equipment and the influence of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle core equipment on Brayton thermodynamic cycle.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench comprises a supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench and a supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measurement and control bench;
the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bed comprises a carbon dioxide gas storage tank, a booster pump, a cooler, a gas compressor, a magnetic suspension motor module and a pressure reducing valve module; the pressure reducing valve module comprises a pressure reducing valve and pressure sensors arranged on two sides of the pressure reducing valve; the carbon dioxide gas storage tank, the booster pump, the cooler, the gas compressor and the pressure reducing valve module are sequentially connected, a gas outlet of the pressure reducing valve module is connected with a gas inlet of the cooler so as to form a circulation loop, and a power output shaft of the magnetic suspension motor module is connected with the gas compressor; carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide gas storage tank is in a supercritical state after being pressurized by a booster pump, the supercritical carbon dioxide enters a gas compressor for pressurization after being subjected to accurate temperature control by a cooler, and returns to an initial state after passing through a pressure reducing valve module; the booster pump is provided with a pressure sensor PI-1 and a temperature sensor TI-1; the cooler is provided with a temperature sensor TI-6; the air inlet of the air compressor is provided with a pressure sensor PI-2, a temperature sensor TI-2 and a mass flow meter FI-1, and the air outlet of the air compressor is provided with a pressure sensor PI-3 and a temperature sensor TI-3; a gas outlet of the pressure reducing valve module is provided with a pressure sensor PI-4 and a temperature sensor TI-4;
the supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measurement and control platform comprises a controller, an industrial personal computer and a magnetic suspension motor monitoring unit, wherein the controller is used for acquiring parameter signals of each pressure sensor, each temperature sensor and each mass flow meter in the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test platform and sending the acquired parameter signals to the industrial personal computer, and the industrial personal computer analyzes the signals and outputs action instructions for controlling corresponding valves of the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test platform through the controller; the industrial personal computer changes the rotating speed and the load of the magnetic suspension motor through the magnetic suspension motor monitoring unit so as to control the rotating speed of the impeller of the gas compressor and obtain the pressure increasing ratios of different degrees; the pressure reducing valve is controlled by the industrial personal computer, and further the state of working media at the outlet of the pressure reducing valve is adjusted.
In the above scheme, the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test stand further comprises a cooling system, the cooling system comprises a water tank and a cooling water tank, the water inlet of the water tank is connected with the water outlet of the cooler, the water outlet of the water tank is connected with the water inlet of the cooling water tank through a pipeline, the water outlet of the cooling water tank is connected with the water inlet of the cooler, the water outlet of the cooling water tank is additionally provided with a bypass which is connected with the water tank, and the bypass is provided with an electric flow control valve AV2 for adjusting the amount of cooling water entering the cooler 3.
In the scheme, two ends of the pressure reducing valve module are connected with a branch in parallel, an electric switch valve AV6 is arranged on the branch, the pressure reducing valve module is short-circuited by opening an electric switch valve AV6, or the electric switch valve AV6 is connected into the turbine and heat exchanger module, and a complete Brayton cycle is formed.
In the scheme, the magnetic suspension motor module comprises a motor stator and a motor rotor, wherein the motor stator is supported by a front-end radial magnetic suspension bearing, a rear-end radial magnetic suspension bearing and an axial magnetic suspension bearing; the magnetic suspension motor can realize the continuous speed regulation of 0-30000r/min, and the power output of 0-100kW is realized through the impeller of the air compressor.
In the scheme, the outlet pipeline of the booster pump is provided with a total air inlet manual ball valve V1.
In the scheme, a circulating water inlet pipeline of the cooler is provided with a cooling water inlet filter, an electric switch valve AV4 and a temperature sensor TI-5; an electric switch valve AV5 is arranged on a circulating water outlet pipeline of the cooler.
In the scheme, the compressor is provided with a digital display pressure gauge PI-5.
In the above scheme, a safety valve S1 is arranged on the pipeline before the cooler, and a safety valve S2 is arranged on the cooler.
In the scheme, a one-way valve V7 is arranged on a pipeline behind the pressure reducing valve module.
In the above scheme, be equipped with cutting ferrule ball valve V8 on the cooler for routine maintenance, the manual gaseous of opening cutting ferrule ball valve V8 discharge cooler prevents the too big damage of cooler internal pressure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention builds a supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bed, aims to research the performance of supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle core equipment and the influence of the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle core equipment on Brayton thermodynamic cycle, does not need to substantially absorb waste heat and do work through expansion, uses a pressure reducing valve module to replace a turbine, uses the isentropic expansion process of a pressure reducing valve to replace the isobaric heat absorption process of waste heat absorption and the isentropic expansion process of the turbine, greatly simplifies the structure of the test bed, and does not influence the test precision.
2. The air inlet main pipe with the carbon dioxide gas storage tank and the booster pump is arranged between the cooler and the pressure reducing valve module, the supercritical carbon dioxide entering the circulating system is precisely controlled in temperature in the initial stage of the test, and after the system stably operates and closes the total air inlet manual ball valve, the supercritical carbon dioxide completes the isobaric heat release process in the cooler, so that the structure of the test bed can be further simplified.
3. The method comprises the following steps of adopting a modular design, and dividing the test bed into a supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bed and a supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measurement and control bed according to functions, wherein the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bed consists of a magnetic suspension motor module, a gas compressor module, a cooling module, a pressure reducing valve module and a sensor module; the supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measurement and control console is divided into a signal acquisition module, a signal processing module and a signal output module, can be flexibly configured according to requirements, is additionally provided with a replacement module, and enhances the adaptability of the device.
4. The invention can test key performance of the core equipment, such as the test of the pressure ratio and efficiency of the gas compressor, the test of the pressure drop and efficiency of the pressure reducing valve, the test of the opening degree and efficiency of the cooler and the like, and the modular design of the supercritical carbon dioxide compression circulation test bed can quickly replace the core equipment, thereby providing a hardware platform for different equipment requirements.
5. By adopting multiple groups of measuring points for monitoring, the temperature and the pressure of working media of key measuring points such as an inlet and an outlet of a gas compressor, an outlet of a pressure reducing valve and an outlet of a cooler can be monitored so as to monitor the states of carbon dioxide at different measuring points and the mass flow of supercritical carbon dioxide in a pipeline, further research the performance of supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle core equipment and the influence of the supercritical carbon dioxide on the Brayton thermodynamic cycle, and finally complete the monitoring and research on the working state of the Brayton thermodynamic cycle. The sampling rate of the supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measurement and control table can reach 250kS/s at most, the axial track of the magnetic suspension motor and the change condition of various parameters of the cycle table can be accurately monitored in real time, and the stable and efficient operation of the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test table is ensured.
6. And a flexible feedback control strategy is adopted, and the working conditions of the gas compressors with different pressure ratios are obtained by lifting the rotating speed of the magnetic suspension motor and adjusting the load of the motor, so that the supercritical carbon dioxide in different states is obtained. The magnetic suspension motor module is safe and reliable in operation and has a large degree of freedom, the axial bearing capacity of the magnetic suspension motor module is 200kg, the continuous speed regulation of 0-30000r/min can be realized, the power output of 0-100kW is realized through an impeller, the high-speed rotation of a motor rotor is realized by adopting a magnetic suspension bearing supported by five degrees of freedom, the rotor has no mechanical friction, and the rotor is maintained to suspend by an uninterruptible power supply in a power-off state, so that the falling impact is avoided.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test stand according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cooling system of the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bed of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a signal diagram of the closed cycle measurement and control of supercritical carbon dioxide according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a carbon dioxide gas storage tank; 2. a booster pump; 3. a cooler; 31. a cooling water inlet filter; 4. a compressor; 5. a magnetic suspension motor module; 51. a motor stator; 52. a motor rotor; 53. a front end radial magnetic suspension bearing; 54. the rear end is provided with a radial magnetic suspension bearing; 55. an axial magnetic bearing; 56. a motor cooling water inlet filter; 6. a pressure reducing valve module; 61. a pressure reducing valve; 7. a cooling system; 71. a first water pump; 72. a second water pump; 73. a third water pump; 74. a pool; 75. a cooling water tank;
v1, total air inlet manual ball valve; V2-V3, manual ball valve; V4-V6 and a cooling water circulation switch valve; v7, check valve; v8, a ferrule ball valve; AV 1-AV 2 and an electric flow regulating valve; AV 3-AV 6 and an electric switch valve; S1-S2, a safety valve;
PI-1 to PI-4 and a pressure sensor (0 to 15 MPa); PI-5, a digital display pressure gauge (0-25 MPa); TI-1 to TI-7 and a temperature sensor; FI-1 and a mass flow meter.
Detailed Description
For a more clear understanding of the technical features, objects and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench which comprises a supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench and a supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measurement and control bench.
As shown in fig. 1, the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bed is integrally arranged on a vibration reduction table and comprises a carbon dioxide gas storage tank 1, a booster pump 2, a cooler 3, a gas compressor 4, a magnetic suspension motor module 5 and a pressure reduction valve module 6. The pressure reducing valve module 6 includes a pressure reducing valve 61 and two pressure sensors respectively provided on both sides of the pressure reducing valve 61. The carbon dioxide gas storage tank 1, the booster pump 2, the cooler 3, the compressor 4 and the pressure reducing valve module 6 are sequentially connected, and the gas outlet of the pressure reducing valve module 6 is connected with the gas inlet of the cooler 3, so that a circulation loop is formed. And a power output shaft of the magnetic suspension motor module 5 is connected with the air compressor 4. Carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide gas storage tank 1 is in a supercritical state after being pressurized by the booster pump 2, the supercritical carbon dioxide enters the gas compressor 4 for pressurization after being subjected to accurate temperature control by the cooler 3, and returns to an initial state after passing through the pressure reducing valve module 6. The invention replaces the isentropic expansion process of the turbine working in the supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle power generation system by the pressure reducing valve module 6, thereby simplifying the isobaric heat absorption process of supercritical carbon dioxide in a heat source, but the research of the Brayton cycle working process of the supercritical carbon dioxide is not influenced by the replacement mode.
The booster pump 2 is provided with a pressure sensor PI-1 and a temperature sensor TI-1, and an outlet pipeline of the booster pump 2 is provided with a total air inlet manual ball valve V1. A manual ball valve V2 and an electric flow regulating valve V1 are arranged on a pipeline between the main air inlet manual ball valve V1 and the cooler 3. The cooler 3 is provided with a temperature sensor TI-6, and a circulating water inlet pipeline of the cooler 3 is provided with a cooling water inlet filter 31, an electric switch valve AV4 and a temperature sensor TI-5; an electric switch valve AV5 is arranged on a circulating water outlet pipeline of the cooler 3. A manual ball valve V3 is arranged between the cooler 3 and the compressor 4. A pressure sensor PI-2, a temperature sensor TI-2 and a mass flow meter FI-1 are arranged at the air inlet of the air compressor 4, and a pressure sensor PI-3 and a temperature sensor TI-3 are arranged at the air outlet of the air compressor 4; and a digital display pressure gauge PI-5 is arranged on the compressor 4 and used for detecting the total pressure at the outlet of the diffuser of the compressor. A pressure sensor PI-4 and a temperature sensor TI-4 are arranged at an air outlet of the pressure reducing valve module 6, and a one-way valve V7 is arranged on a pipeline behind the pressure reducing valve module 6; two ends of the pressure reducing valve module 6 are connected with a branch in parallel, an electric switch valve AV6 is arranged on the branch, the pressure reducing valve module can be short-circuited by opening an electric switch valve AV6, and the turbine and the heat exchanger module can be connected through an electric switch valve AV6, so that a complete Brayton cycle is formed.
The supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bed further comprises a cooling system 7, as shown in fig. 2, the cooling system 7 comprises a water pool 74 and a cooling water tank 75, a water inlet of the water pool 74 is connected with a water outlet of the cooler 3, a water outlet of the water pool 74 is connected with a water inlet of the cooling water tank 75 through two pipelines, the two pipelines are mutually backup, and the normal operation of the cooling system is ensured. A first water pump 71 and a cooling water circulation switch valve V4 are arranged on one branch pipeline, and a second water pump 72 and a cooling water circulation switch valve V5 are arranged on the other branch pipeline. The water outlet of the cooling water tank 75 is connected with the water inlet of the cooler 3, and the pipeline is provided with a third water pump 73 and a cooling water circulation switch valve. The water outlet of the cooling water tank 75 is further provided with a bypass connected to the water tank 74, and the bypass is provided with an electric flow control valve AV2 for adjusting the amount of cooling water entering the cooler 3.
As shown in fig. 3, the closed-type circulation measurement and control table for supercritical carbon dioxide comprises a controller, an industrial personal computer and a magnetic suspension motor monitoring unit, wherein an NI acquisition card is arranged in the controller and is used for acquiring signals of a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a mass flow meter in a compression circulation test table for supercritical carbon dioxide, and transmitting the acquired signals to the industrial personal computer, the industrial personal computer analyzes the signals, monitoring data are displayed in real time through LabView supercritical carbon dioxide closed-type circulation measurement and control software, and an operator can control the controller to output action instructions for controlling an electric switch valve and an electric flow regulating valve through a LabView supercritical carbon dioxide closed-type circulation measurement and control software interface. In addition, the industrial personal computer changes the rotating speed and the load of the magnetic suspension motor through the magnetic suspension motor monitoring unit, so as to control the rotating speed of the impeller of the gas compressor 4 and obtain the pressure increasing ratios of different degrees; the pressure reducing valve 61 is controlled by an industrial personal computer, and the state of working medium at the outlet of the pressure reducing valve 61 is further adjusted. Redundant TCP \ IP communication protocols are adopted among the control module, the signal processing module and the test module, so that the communication speed among the modules is increased; the control module is communicated with the magnetic suspension motor monitoring unit PLC, and safe operation of the control system under the condition of partial function failure can be realized.
Further preferably, a safety valve S1 is provided on the pipeline before the cooler 3 for overpressure protection of the whole pipeline. The cooler 3 is provided with a safety valve S2 for overpressure protection of the cooler 3.
Further preferably, an electric switch valve AV3 is arranged on a pipeline in front of the cooler 3 and communicated to the outside of the system for discharging carbon dioxide in the system after the test is finished.
Further optimize, be equipped with cutting ferrule ball valve V8 on the cooler 3 for the gas in the manual opening cutting ferrule ball valve V8 discharge cooler of routine maintenance prevents the too big damage of shell and tube cooler internal pressure.
Further optimized, the magnetic suspension motor module 5 comprises a motor stator 51 and a motor rotor 52, the motor rotor 52 is supported by a front-end radial magnetic suspension bearing 53, a rear-end radial magnetic suspension bearing 54 and an axial magnetic suspension bearing 55, the magnetic suspension bearing supported by five degrees of freedom is adopted, the motor rotor 52 rotates at high speed, the rotor has no mechanical friction, the rotor is maintained to be suspended by an uninterruptible power supply in a power-off state, and falling impact is avoided. The real-time axis running track of the magnetic suspension motor can be monitored through the upper radial x displacement sensor, the upper radial y displacement sensor, the lower radial x displacement sensor, the lower radial y displacement sensor and the axial z displacement sensor, each path of sensor signal has a time domain signal monitoring function and a frequency spectrum analysis function, the time domain signal can be amplified through setting a coordinate to check the displacement detail condition, and the rotor running track can be visually monitored through synthesizing the signals for judging the running condition. The magnetic suspension bearing displacement and current and motor rotating speed signals are collected, and the frequency domain analysis function is achieved, so that the working states of the motor and the magnetic suspension bearing can be displayed in real time.
The compressor impeller is in threaded connection with the magnetic suspension motor spindle, the compressor impeller and the magnetic suspension motor spindle are sealed and separated through the two-stage labyrinth ring, the head end of the compressor is an air inlet end, the tail end of the compressor is a motor end, the rotating direction is clockwise towards the head end, the impeller is in threaded connection with the motor spindle and is fastened with the motor in a rotating mode, carbon dioxide working media at the inlet of the impeller are compressed through the compressor impeller, and the boosting process of the working media in the compressor is completed. The invention adopts the magnetic suspension motor to realize the continuous speed regulation of 0-30000r/min, the axial bearing capacity is 200kg, and the power output of 0-100kW is realized through the impeller of the air compressor 4.
The magnetic suspension motor module 5 is provided with a cooling fan and a cooling water machine for cooling in a circulating manner, and a motor cooling water inlet filter 56 is arranged at a cooling water inlet.
In the embodiment, a test working medium is stored in a carbon dioxide gas storage tank 1 with 5.5MPa, the working medium passes through the carbon dioxide gas storage tank 1 when the test is started, is heated by a self-heating resistance wire at an outlet, is pressurized by a booster pump 2 and then enters a circulation loop, the initial pressure of the working medium carbon dioxide is controlled by the booster pump 2, and the initial temperature of the working medium carbon dioxide is controlled by a cooler 3. At this time, the carbon dioxide was in a supercritical state with T305.7K and P7.705 MPa. Opening a total air inlet manual ball valve V1, a manual ball valve V2, a manual ball valve V3 and a one-way valve V7, adjusting the flow of the passing working medium through an electric flow adjusting valve AV1, and closing electric switch valves AV3 and AV 6; the cooling circulation of the cooler 3 is started by opening the electric switch valves AV4 and AV5, the heat exchange efficiency of the cooler 3 is controlled by adjusting the electric flow control valve AV2, and S-CO2The working medium temperature is controlled by the cooler 3, and the state of the carbon dioxide is T305K, and P7.69 MPa; enters the air compressor 4 after passing through a mass flow meter FI-1, a pressure sensor PI-2 and a temperature sensor TI-2 at the inlet measuring point of the air compressor 4 to complete the isentropic compression process, wherein T is 310.7K, P is 9.228MPa, and S-CO is2The flow rate of (2) was 3.45 kg/s; S-CO2After the working medium flows through the outlet of the compressor 4, the pressure sensor PI-3 and the temperature sensor TI-3 at the measuring point complete the isentropic expansion process through the pressure reducing valve 61, S-CO2Returning to the initial state T305.7K and P7.705 MPa, the pressure is measured by pressure sensor PI-4 and temperature sensor TI-4 after passing through pressure reducing valve 61. After the system works stably, parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow and the like are established, and the total air inlet manual ball valve V1, S-CO is closed2The working medium passes through the cooler 3 to complete the isobaric heat release process. After the test is finished, carbon dioxide in the system can be discharged to the outside through the electric switch valve AV 3.
FIG. 3 is a signal diagram of a supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measurement and control console, wherein an NI-9208 board card on a CRIO-9035 controller acquires 8 paths of 4-20mA temperature signals from the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test console, wherein the 8 paths of 4-20mA temperature signals are respectively the temperature of an inlet side of a gas compressor, the temperature of an outlet side of the gas compressor, the temperature after a pressure reducing valve, the temperature in a cooler, the circulating water temperature of the cooler, the outlet temperature of a booster pump, the cooling water temperature of a motor and the temperature of a bearing; meanwhile, NI-9208 also collects a 4-20mA laboratory oxygen concentration signal. An NI-9205 board card on the CRIO-9035 controller collects 5 paths of 1-5VDC pressure signals from a supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bed, wherein the signals are respectively the inlet side pressure of a gas compressor, the total outlet pressure of the gas compressor diffuser, the outlet side pressure of the gas compressor, the back pressure of a pressure reducing valve and the outlet pressure of a booster pump; while NI-9205 also collected 1-5VDC mass flow signals from the mass flow meter. An integrated circuit board NI-9263 on the CRIO-9035 controller outputs analog quantity to control 2 paths of electric flow regulating valves and the opening of a reducing valve, and an integrated circuit board NI-9472 digital quantity outputs 4 paths of electric switch valves. The CRIO-9035 controller uploads signals acquired by the FPGA to an industrial personal computer through a communication serial port, and real-time displays monitoring data through LabView supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measurement and control software. An operator can control the board cards NI-9263 and NI-9472 to output and control the actions of the electric switch valve and the electric flow regulating valve through a LabView supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measurement and control software interface. The industrial personal computer controls the rotating speed and the load of the magnetic suspension motor through the magnetic suspension motor monitoring unit so as to complete the change of the pressurization ratio of the gas compressor to the working medium carbon dioxide; the opening of a circulating water pump in the cooling system is changed to control the heat exchange effect of the cooler; through the use of the pressure reducing valve, an isobaric heat absorption process of waste heat absorption in Brayton cycle and an isentropic expansion process of work of the turbine are simulated, and the pressure reducing valve can be controlled through the industrial personal computer so as to adjust the state of the outlet working medium.
The specific method for testing the performance of the core equipment of the Brayton cycle system by using the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench comprises the following steps:
1. and (3) testing the influence of the performance of the compressor 4 on the circulation:
opening the total air inlet manual ball valve V1, the manual ball valve V2, the manual ball valve V3 and the one-way valve 18, and closing the electric switch valve AV3 and the electric switch valve AV6, S-CO2The working medium enters the air compressor 4 after passing through the mass flow meter FI-1, the pressure sensor PI-2 and the temperature sensor TI-2 at the inlet measuring point of the air compressor to complete the isentropic compression process, and the working medium flows through the pressure sensor PI-3 and the temperature sensor TI-3 at the measuring point at the outlet of the air compressor 4. Motor rotating speed of magnetic suspension motor module 5 is controlled through supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measuring and controlling consoleFor example, six gear rotating speeds of 5000r/min, 10000r/min, 15000r/min, 20000r/min, 25000r/min and 30000r/min are respectively set, meanwhile, a cooling fan of the magnetic suspension motor is started to cool with cooling water circulation, the starting temperature of the cooling water circulation is set to be 25 ℃, PID control of the water chiller circulation ensures that the magnetic suspension motor does not run overheated, and after the circulation work is stable, the performance of the air compressor and the influence on the circulation are analyzed through comparison of the states of measuring points at the inlet and the outlet of the air compressor.
2. Testing the influence of the performance of the pressure reducing valve on the circulation:
S-CO2after the working medium flows through the outlet of the compressor 4, the pressure sensor PI-3 and the temperature sensor TI-3 at the measuring points and then the isentropic expansion process is completed through the pressure reducing valve module 6, the working medium flows through the pressure reducing valve 61, the pressure sensor PI-4 and the temperature sensor TI-4 at the measuring points, the opening degree of the pressure reducing valve 61 is controlled through the supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measuring and controlling platform, for example, four gears of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% are respectively arranged, after the cycle work is stable, the performance of the pressure reducing valve 61 and the influence on the cycle are analyzed through the comparison of the measuring point states of the inlet and the outlet of the. The effect of the maximum pressure of the cycle (pressure reducing valve inlet pressure), pressure reducing valve outlet pressure, pressure drop on the cycle can be studied, the motor driven compressor circuit has no turbine, but uses a pressure reducing valve to reduce pressure and temperature, as occurs in a turbine, but does not work. The inlet and outlet pressures of the pressure reducing valve, as well as parameters such as mass flow and pressure drop correspond to the turbine with the same parameters. Boundary conditions can be provided for turbine model selection and performance optimization.
3. Effect of chiller 3 performance on cycle test:
S-CO2after the air flows through the pressure reducing valve 61, a pressure sensor PI-4 and a temperature sensor TI-4 are measured, after the system works stably, parameters such as temperature, pressure, flow and the like are established, and the total air inlet manual ball valve V1 is closed. Opening the cooling water electric switch valves AV4 and AV5 to start the cooling circulation of the cooler 3, controlling the opening degree of a circulating pump in the cooling module through the supercritical carbon dioxide closed circulation measurement and control console, and adjusting the cooling circulation electric flow regulating valve AV2 for control. For example, setting four gears of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% respectivelyAfter the circulation work is stable, the performance of the cooler and the influence on the circulation are analyzed through the comparison of the states of the measuring points at the inlet and the outlet of the cooler 3.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench is characterized by comprising a supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench and a supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measurement and control bench;
the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bed comprises a carbon dioxide gas storage tank, a booster pump, a cooler, a gas compressor, a magnetic suspension motor module and a pressure reducing valve module; the pressure reducing valve module comprises a pressure reducing valve and pressure sensors arranged on two sides of the pressure reducing valve; the carbon dioxide gas storage tank, the booster pump, the cooler, the gas compressor and the pressure reducing valve module are sequentially connected, a gas outlet of the pressure reducing valve module is connected with a gas inlet of the cooler so as to form a circulation loop, and a power output shaft of the magnetic suspension motor module is connected with the gas compressor; carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide gas storage tank is in a supercritical state after being pressurized by a booster pump, the supercritical carbon dioxide enters a gas compressor for pressurization after being subjected to accurate temperature control by a cooler, and returns to an initial state after passing through a pressure reducing valve module; the booster pump is provided with a pressure sensor PI-1 and a temperature sensor TI-1; the cooler is provided with a temperature sensor TI-6; the air inlet of the air compressor is provided with a pressure sensor PI-2, a temperature sensor TI-2 and a mass flow meter FI-1, and the air outlet of the air compressor is provided with a pressure sensor PI-3 and a temperature sensor TI-3; a gas outlet of the pressure reducing valve module is provided with a pressure sensor PI-4 and a temperature sensor TI-4;
the supercritical carbon dioxide closed cycle measurement and control platform comprises a controller, an industrial personal computer and a magnetic suspension motor monitoring unit, wherein the controller is used for acquiring parameter signals of each pressure sensor, each temperature sensor and each mass flow meter in the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test platform and sending the acquired parameter signals to the industrial personal computer, and the industrial personal computer analyzes the signals and outputs action instructions for controlling corresponding valves of the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test platform through the controller; the industrial personal computer changes the rotating speed and the load of the magnetic suspension motor through the magnetic suspension motor monitoring unit so as to control the rotating speed of the impeller of the gas compressor and obtain the pressure increasing ratios of different degrees; the pressure reducing valve is controlled by the industrial personal computer, and further the state of working media at the outlet of the pressure reducing valve is adjusted.
2. The supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bed according to claim 1, wherein the supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bed further comprises a cooling system, the cooling system comprises a water tank and a cooling water tank, a water inlet of the water tank is connected with a water outlet of the cooler, a water outlet of the water tank is connected with a water inlet of the cooling water tank through a pipeline, a water outlet of the cooling water tank is connected with a water inlet of the cooler, a bypass is further arranged at a water outlet of the cooling water tank and connected with the water tank, and an electric flow control valve AV2 is arranged on the bypass and used for adjusting the amount of cooling water entering the cooler 3.
3. The testing platform of claim 1, wherein a branch is connected in parallel to two ends of the pressure reducing valve module, and an electric switch valve AV6 is provided on the branch to open an electric switch valve AV6 to short-circuit the pressure reducing valve module, or an electric switch valve AV6 is connected to the turbine and heat exchanger module to form a complete brayton cycle.
4. The supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic suspension motor module comprises a motor stator and a motor rotor, and the motor stator is supported by a front end radial magnetic suspension bearing, a rear end radial magnetic suspension bearing and an axial magnetic suspension bearing; the magnetic suspension motor can realize the continuous speed regulation of 0-30000r/min, and the power output of 0-100kW is realized through the impeller of the air compressor.
5. The supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench according to claim 1, wherein a total inlet manual ball valve V1 is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the booster pump.
6. The supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench according to claim 1, wherein a cooling water inlet filter, an electric switch valve AV4, and a temperature sensor TI-5 are disposed on a circulating water inlet pipeline of the cooler; an electric switch valve AV5 is arranged on a circulating water outlet pipeline of the cooler.
7. The supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench according to claim 1, wherein a digital display pressure gauge PI-5 is arranged on the compressor.
8. The testing bench for supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle as claimed in claim 1, wherein a safety valve S1 is installed on the pipeline before the cooler, and a safety valve S2 is installed on the cooler.
9. The supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench of claim 1 wherein a one-way valve V7 is provided on the pipeline after the pressure reducing valve module.
10. The supercritical carbon dioxide compression cycle test bench of claim 1 is characterized in that the cooler is provided with a ferrule ball valve V8 for routine maintenance, and the ferrule ball valve V8 is manually opened to exhaust gas in the cooler to prevent the cooler from being damaged due to excessive pressure.
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