CN112834324A - Portable tension-compression-shear stress applying device - Google Patents
Portable tension-compression-shear stress applying device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112834324A CN112834324A CN202110030983.3A CN202110030983A CN112834324A CN 112834324 A CN112834324 A CN 112834324A CN 202110030983 A CN202110030983 A CN 202110030983A CN 112834324 A CN112834324 A CN 112834324A
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- plate
- connecting plate
- compression
- pressing
- shear stress
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 20
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000013201 Stress fracture Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0026—Combination of several types of applied forces
Abstract
The invention relates to a portable tension-compression-shear stress applying device, which comprises: the first pressurizing plate is mounted on one side of the first connecting plate; the second connecting plate is arranged on one side of the first connecting plate relatively, can move along the height direction of the first connecting plate and is fastened on the first connecting plate; the second pressure plate is arranged between the first pressure plate and the second connecting plate; and the stress sensor is arranged between the second pressurizing plate and the second connecting plate, the input end of the stress sensor is connected to the second pressurizing plate, and the output end of the stress sensor is connected to the second connecting plate. The portable tension-compression-shear stress applying device provided by the invention can realize tension-compression and pure-shear load modes by replacing the pressurizing plate, and the mechanical pressure applying mode can meet the use requirement at low temperature, and further solves the problems that the precision of the loading device is insufficient or fails and the like due to the fact that hydraulic oil is easily frozen and contracted and frozen in the existing hydraulic loading device at low temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of freeze-thaw cycle tests of low-temperature fractured rocks, in particular to a portable tension-compression shear stress applying device.
Background
China is vast in breadth, frozen soil areas are widely distributed, the frozen soil occupies 1/5 of the territory of China, and quite a part of the conventional highway and railway tunnels are in frozen soil distribution areas.
With the further development of traffic, the number of tunnels built in cold regions is increased, and the problems of freeze-thaw damage and fracture of fractured rock masses are increased. The freeze-thaw damage and the fracture of the fractured rock mass are mainly the result of the expansion and the evolution of the fracture frost heaving caused by the fracture frost heaving force, the engineering rock mass is put in an earth stress environment, the external load can limit the fracture frost heaving process, so that the evolution process and the magnitude of the fracture frost heaving force are directly influenced, and therefore, the research on the magnitude of the fracture frost heaving force under different loads and fracture geometric shapes has important significance for disclosing the freeze-thaw damage mechanism of the fractured rock mass and solving the engineering frost damage of the rock mass in cold regions.
At present, a research method about fracture frost heaving force under different loads mainly takes numerical simulation and a theoretical model as main parts, experimental data support for actually measuring the fracture frost heaving force under the action of complex load is lacked, existing load applying methods are mostly hydraulic devices or large-scale equipment, the price is high, the operation is difficult, the portable requirement cannot be met, hydraulic equipment is difficult to bear multiple freeze-thaw cycles, hydraulic oil is even likely to freeze at low temperature to cause failure of the hydraulic devices, meanwhile, an in-situ test is difficult to implement due to a complex stress field where a rock body in a cold region is located, and the change of the rock under the complex stress field is difficult to monitor and predict. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop an experimental device which can simply and accurately apply three loads of pulling, pressing and shearing and even simultaneously apply various loads on a rock sample.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, a portable tension-compression-shear stress applying device with simple structure and convenient use is provided.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a portable tension and compression shear stress applying apparatus having the features comprising:
the first pressurizing plate is mounted on one side of the first connecting plate;
the second connecting plate is arranged on one side of the first connecting plate relatively, can move along the height direction of the first connecting plate and is fastened on the first connecting plate;
the second pressure plate is matched with the first pressure plate and is arranged between the first pressure plate and the second connecting plate; and
the stress sensor is arranged between the second pressurizing plate and the second connecting plate, the input end of the stress sensor is connected to the second pressurizing plate, and the output end of the stress sensor is connected to the second connecting plate.
The portable tension-compression shear stress applying device is characterized by further comprising four connecting screw rods correspondingly penetrating through four corners of the first connecting plate, the connecting screw rods are fastened on the first connecting plate through two first fastening nuts which are oppositely arranged on two sides of the first connecting plate and are spirally connected onto the connecting screw rods, and the second connecting plate is arranged on the connecting screw rods through second fastening nuts which are oppositely arranged on one side of the second connecting plate and are spirally connected onto the connecting screw rods.
The above-described portable tensile-compressive shear stress applying apparatus is further characterized in that the applying apparatus further comprises a pressing device for synchronously screwing four second fastening nuts.
The above portable tension-compression-shear stress applying apparatus further has a feature that the applying apparatus includes:
the pressing plate is provided with a through hole and a pressing ratchet wheel, the pressing ratchet wheel is positioned at the periphery of the through hole, and the pressing ratchet wheel is rotationally connected to the pressing plate; and
the four pressing screw caps can be correspondingly sleeved on the second fastening nut, the pressing screw caps are rotatably connected to the pressing plate, and the peripheral walls of the pressing screw caps are provided with adjusting ratchet wheels matched with the pressing ratchet wheels.
The portable tension-compression shear stress applying device is characterized by further comprising four annular pressure sensors, wherein the annular pressure sensors are sleeved on the connecting screw rod and are correspondingly positioned between the second fastening nut and the second connecting plate.
The portable tension/compression/shear stress applying apparatus further has a feature that the first pressing plate and the second pressing plate are flat and straight.
The portable tension-compression-shear stress applying device further has the characteristic that the first pressure plate is shaped like Contraband and the second pressure plate is shaped like a straight plate.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned scheme is:
the portable tension-compression-shear stress applying device provided by the invention can realize tension-compression and pure-shear load modes by replacing the pressurizing plate, and the mechanical pressure applying mode can meet the use requirement at low temperature, and further solves the problems that the precision of the loading device is insufficient or fails and the like due to the fact that hydraulic oil is easily frozen and contracted and frozen in the existing hydraulic loading device at low temperature.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a portable tensile-compressive shear stress applying apparatus provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a portable tensile-compressive shear stress applying device provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the pressing device provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
In the drawings: 1. a first connecting plate; 2. a first pressing plate; 3. a second connecting plate; 4. a second pressing plate; 5. a stress sensor; 6. connecting a screw rod; 7. a first fastening nut; 8. a second fastening nut; 9. pressing a plate; 10. perforating holes; 11. a pressure applying ratchet wheel; 12. a pressure nut; 13. adjusting the ratchet wheel; 14. an annular pressure sensor; 15. sampling rock; 16. an acoustic emission sensor; 17. a strain gauge; 18. and a displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the portable tension and compression shear stress applying device provided in the present embodiment includes a first connecting plate 1, a first pressurizing plate 2 being mounted on one side of the first connecting plate 1; the second connecting plate 3 is arranged on one side of the first connecting plate 1 relatively, and the second connecting plate 3 can move along the height direction of the first connecting plate 1 and is fastened on the first connecting plate 1; a second pressure plate 4 matched with the first pressure plate 2, wherein the second pressure plate 4 is arranged between the first pressure plate 2 and the second connecting plate 3; and the stress sensor 5 is arranged between the second pressurizing plate 4 and the second connecting plate 3, the input end of the stress sensor 5 is connected to the second pressurizing plate 4, and the output end of the stress sensor 5 is connected to the second connecting plate 3.
In this embodiment, the rock sample 15 may be fixed between the plate-shaped pressure plates 2 by using 3M glue (the tensile strength of the 3M glue may reach 1100Kpa, which is greater than the tensile stress field of the frozen and thawed area of the rock mass on the earth surface layer), then a plurality of acoustic emission sensors 16 for monitoring the time when the rock sample 15 starts to generate micro-fractures in the experimental process, strain gauges 17 for monitoring the strain amount of the rock sample 15 at the root of the fracture, and displacement sensors 18 for monitoring the change of the opening degree of the fracture opening of the rock sample 15 are arranged around the rock sample 15, then the second pressure plate 2 is driven rightward to the stress sensor 5 by using the second connecting plate 3 to take a desired value, the pressure is stopped, the values collected by the acoustic emission sensors 16, the strain gauges 17, and the displacement sensors 18 are monitored, and the monitored data is used as the basis for reasoning the crack propagation law.
Specifically, the four corners of the first connecting plate 1 are provided with connecting screw rods 6 in a penetrating manner, the connecting screw rods 6 are fastened on the first connecting plate 1 through two first fastening nuts 7 which are oppositely arranged on two sides of the first connecting plate 1 and are spirally connected to the connecting screw rods 6, the second connecting plate 3 is arranged on the connecting screw rods 6 through second fastening nuts 8 which are oppositely arranged on one side of the second connecting plate 3 and are spirally connected to the connecting screw rods 6, and the second fastening nuts 8 are synchronously and spirally adjusted to jack the second connecting plate 3 rightwards.
In order to screw-adjust the second fastening nut 8 synchronously, the present invention further provides a pressing device, which comprises: the pressing plate 9 is provided with a through hole 10 and a pressing ratchet wheel 11, the pressing ratchet wheel 11 is positioned at the periphery of the through hole 10, and the pressing ratchet wheel 11 is rotationally connected to the pressing plate 9; and four pressure applying nuts 12 which can be correspondingly sleeved on the second fastening nut 8, wherein the pressure applying nuts 12 are rotationally connected to the pressure applying plate 9, the peripheral wall of each pressure applying nut 12 is provided with an adjusting ratchet 13 matched with the pressure applying ratchet 11, the output end of the stress sensor 5 penetrates through the through hole 10 and then is connected to the second connecting plate 3, and therefore a user can drive the second fastening nut 8 by shifting the pressure applying ratchet 11 to synchronously drive the pressure applying nuts 12, so that the second connecting plate 3 is jacked.
The portable tension-compression-shear stress applying device provided in the embodiment can provide tension-compression loads to the rock sample 15, namely, provide compression, tension and compression (tension) shear loads to the fracture by changing the inclination angle of the fracture.
In order to further ensure the uniformity of the load, the annular pressure sensor 14 can be arranged between the second fastening nut 8 and the second connecting plate 3, and the annular pressure sensor 14 is arranged on the connecting screw rod 6 in a penetrating manner, so that when the second fastening nut 8 is synchronously and spirally adjusted, whether the second adjusting nut 8 synchronously rotates can be judged according to data collected by the annular pressure sensor 14, and the uniformity of the load is ensured.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the structure and function of each component of the portable tension/compression/shear stress applying device provided in this embodiment are similar to those of the embodiment, except that the first pressing plate 2 is shaped like "Contraband", and the second pressing plate 4 is shaped like a straight plate, so that when in use, a user can clamp the rock sample 15 in the first pressing plate 2 shaped like "Contraband", and then lift the second connecting plate 3 to the left, so as to perform pure shearing action on a part of the rock sample 15 exposed outside the first pressing plate 2 by using the plate-shaped second pressing plate 4.
The portable tension-compression shear stress applying device provided in the embodiment can provide pure shear load for the rock sample 15, so that the pure shear load effect is formed along the fracture direction.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A portable tension and compression shear stress applying device, comprising:
the device comprises a first connecting plate (1), wherein a first pressurizing plate (2) is mounted on one side of the first connecting plate (1);
the second connecting plate (3) is arranged on one side of the first connecting plate (1) relatively, and the second connecting plate (3) can move along the height direction of the first connecting plate (1) and is fastened on the first connecting plate (1);
the second pressurizing plate (4) is matched with the first pressurizing plate (2), and the second pressurizing plate (4) is installed between the first pressurizing plate (2) and the second connecting plate (3); and
stress sensor (5), stress sensor (5) are located second presser plate (4) and between second connecting plate (3), the input of stress sensor (5) connect in on second presser plate (4), the output of stress sensor (5) connect in on second connecting plate (3).
2. The portable tension-compression-shear stress applying device according to claim 1, further comprising four connecting screw rods (6) correspondingly arranged at four corners of the first connecting plate (1), wherein the connecting screw rods (6) are fastened on the first connecting plate (1) through two first fastening nuts (7) which are oppositely arranged at two sides of the first connecting plate (1) and are spirally connected on the connecting screw rods (6), and the second connecting plate (3) is installed on the connecting screw rods (6) through second fastening nuts (8) which are oppositely arranged at one side of the second connecting plate (3) and are spirally connected on the connecting screw rods (6).
3. A portable tension-compression-shear stress application device according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a pressing device for simultaneously screwing four of said second fastening nuts (8).
4. The portable tension-compression-shear stress applying apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the pressure applying apparatus comprises:
the pressing plate (9) is provided with a through hole (10) and a pressing ratchet wheel (11), the pressing ratchet wheel (11) is positioned on the periphery of the through hole (10), and the pressing ratchet wheel (11) is rotationally connected to the pressing plate (9); and
the four pressing nuts (12) can be correspondingly sleeved on the second fastening nut (8), the pressing nuts (12) are rotatably connected to the pressing plate (9), and adjusting ratchet wheels (13) matched with the pressing ratchet wheels (11) are installed on the peripheral wall of the pressing nuts (12).
5. The portable tension-compression-shear stress applying device according to claim 4, further comprising four annular pressure sensors (14), wherein the annular pressure sensors (14) are sleeved on the connecting screw rod (6), and the annular pressure sensors (14) are correspondingly positioned between the second fastening nut (8) and the second connecting plate (3).
6. A portable tension-compression-shear stress application device according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein the first compression plate (2) and the second compression plate (4) are each in the shape of a flat plate.
7. A portable tension-compression-shear stress application device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first compression plate (2) is shaped like "Contraband" and the second compression plate (4) is shaped like a flat plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110030983.3A CN112834324A (en) | 2021-01-11 | 2021-01-11 | Portable tension-compression-shear stress applying device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110030983.3A CN112834324A (en) | 2021-01-11 | 2021-01-11 | Portable tension-compression-shear stress applying device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112834324A true CN112834324A (en) | 2021-05-25 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110030983.3A Pending CN112834324A (en) | 2021-01-11 | 2021-01-11 | Portable tension-compression-shear stress applying device |
Country Status (1)
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| CN (1) | CN112834324A (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2884182Y (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-03-28 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Dynamic draw-load testing equipment for rock |
| CN103175738A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-26 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock tensile-shearing test system |
| CN104613133A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-05-13 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Tightening torque applying device |
| CN104900115A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-09-09 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Portable comprehensive mechanical demonstrator |
| CN106990029A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2017-07-28 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of flexible boundary rock fracture compression shear seepage coupling experiment box |
| CN108072570A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-25 | 山东大学 | Different displacement model anchor plate class Earth Pressure on Retaining Wall experimental rigs and method |
| CN110441145A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-12 | 青岛理工大学 | A kind of tunnel lining concrete durability test method |
| CN111811943A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-10-23 | 山东科技大学 | Pressure maintaining device and experimental method in rock creep impact and microcrack scanning experiment |
-
2021
- 2021-01-11 CN CN202110030983.3A patent/CN112834324A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2884182Y (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2007-03-28 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Dynamic draw-load testing equipment for rock |
| CN103175738A (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2013-06-26 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock tensile-shearing test system |
| CN104613133A (en) * | 2015-02-03 | 2015-05-13 | 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所 | Tightening torque applying device |
| CN104900115A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-09-09 | 浙江大学宁波理工学院 | Portable comprehensive mechanical demonstrator |
| CN106990029A (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2017-07-28 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of flexible boundary rock fracture compression shear seepage coupling experiment box |
| CN108072570A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-25 | 山东大学 | Different displacement model anchor plate class Earth Pressure on Retaining Wall experimental rigs and method |
| CN110441145A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-12 | 青岛理工大学 | A kind of tunnel lining concrete durability test method |
| CN111811943A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-10-23 | 山东科技大学 | Pressure maintaining device and experimental method in rock creep impact and microcrack scanning experiment |
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Application publication date: 20210525 |