CN204142578U - A kind of constraint of the passive type for triaxial test charger - Google Patents

A kind of constraint of the passive type for triaxial test charger Download PDF

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Publication number
CN204142578U
CN204142578U CN201420652284.8U CN201420652284U CN204142578U CN 204142578 U CN204142578 U CN 204142578U CN 201420652284 U CN201420652284 U CN 201420652284U CN 204142578 U CN204142578 U CN 204142578U
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China
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loading
constraint
passive type
triaxial test
cube specimen
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CN201420652284.8U
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Chinese (zh)
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江佳斐
肖平成
李奔奔
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of passive type for triaxial test constraint charger, this device is used for carrying out triaxial test to cube specimen, comprise compression test and weighted platform, device also comprises the loading frame and the assembly that exerts a force that are placed between compression test and weighted platform, force assembly is connected with cube specimen by loading frame, loading frame comprises the loading element of two orthogonal connections, loading element is made up of the loading end that two are oppositely arranged, four loading ends are connected with four circumferential surfaces of cube specimen respectively, weighted platform contacts with the bottom of loading end with the bottom of cube specimen respectively, weighted platform, cube specimen, loading frame and the equal centering of force assembly are placed in compression test and load in space.Compared with prior art, the utility model has the advantages such as application range is large.

Description

A kind of constraint of the passive type for triaxial test charger
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of engineering material test instrument field, especially relates to a kind of passive type for triaxial test constraint charger.
Background technology
Triaxial test is the research soil body, the test method that the architectural materials mechanics such as rock and concrete performance is important.Such material shows the mechanical characteristic be different under uniaxial stress environment under multiaxial stress environment.And in construction work, especially Mass Engineering, material is often in multi-dimensional stress state.The strength and deformation characteristic of material under multiaxial stress is of crucial importance to structural design.In addition, along with the development of computer technology, numerical evaluation becomes the important method analyzing Larger Engineering Projects, and wherein application is Finite Element Method the most widely, and the party's rule needs rational criterion of strength and constitutive relation.This just needs the experimental study by the strength and deformation performance of material under acquisition multi-axis stress state.
For the solid material such as rock and concrete, now existing hydraulic servo three-axis tester can simulate multidirectional (two axle/tri-axles) force environment both at home and abroad.At present, the load mode of such device mainly contains constant force and controls, and constant speed power controls, permanent Bit andits control and constant speed Bit andits control four kinds of load modes.The information of power and distortion is obtained by power-displacement sensing system and synchronous acquisition instrument.Such load mode is active, and namely the loading force of a direction can not form passive type with the displacement coupling in this direction and loads.This brings difficulty to the strength of materials under analysis passive type constraint environment and deformation characteristic.And such mechanical state is more and more common along with the development of reinforcing engineering, as column members such as Building Strengthened by FRP Sheets bridge piers.Owing to lacking corresponding passive type Triaxial tester, current research all carries out follow-up study based on the experimental study of active three-axis tester, but the method and concrete stress path correlativity are runed counter to.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model be exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art exist defect and provide a kind of apply range large the passive type for triaxial test constraint charger.
The purpose of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of constraint of the passive type for triaxial test charger, this device is used for carrying out triaxial test to cube specimen, comprise compression test and weighted platform, described device also comprises the loading frame and the assembly that exerts a force that are placed between compression test and weighted platform, described force assembly is connected with cube specimen by loading frame, described loading frame comprises the loading element of two orthogonal connections, described loading element is made up of the loading end that two are oppositely arranged, described four loading ends are connected with four circumferential surfaces of cube specimen respectively, described weighted platform contacts with the bottom of loading end with the bottom of cube specimen respectively, described weighted platform, cube specimen, loading frame and the equal centering of force assembly are placed in described compression test and load in space.
Described force assembly comprises two mutually perpendicular forcing unit, and described two forcing unit are corresponding with two loading elements respectively to be connected.
Described forcing unit is made up of many constraining rods parallel to each other, and two loading ends of described loading element are provided with for the preformed hole by constraining rod, and described constraining rod is through this preformed hole and be connected with described two loading ends.
Described loading end comprises interconnective web joint and loads panel, and described preformed hole is located on web joint, and described loading panel contacts with cube specimen circumferential surface, and described web joint is connected with constraining rod.
Leave space between described loading end and cube specimen, between described loading end and cube specimen and cube specimen upper and lower surface be equipped with antifriction mat material, be provided with antifriction mat material between described loading end and weighted platform.
Described constraining rod is made up of muscles and bones and the anchoring body that is located at muscles and bones two ends, and described muscles and bones is connected with loading end by anchoring body.
Described anchoring body is connected with loading end by nut, is provided with steel cushion block between described nut and loading end, and described steel cushion block is made up of the semi-circular ring of two various outer diameters.
Described muscles and bones is glass fiber-reinforced polymer material, and described anchoring body comprises steel sleeve and bonding colloid, and described steel sleeve inside surface is connected with muscles and bones by bonding colloid, and outside surface is connected with nut.
Described device also comprises displacement measurement assembly, and described displacement measurement assembly comprises Acquisition Instrument and two displacement units, and described two displacement units are corresponding with two loading elements respectively to be connected, and described two displacement units are also all connected with Acquisition Instrument.
Institute's displacement unit is made up of two displacement meters, and described two displacement meters are connected with the two ends of loading element respectively.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
1) passive type loads the stress path that can enrich triaxial test, expands the application range of triaxial test.
2) difference of muscle material can realize the rapport of confined pressure and distortion, and namely peripheral force and respective direction displacement meet the coupled relation of multiple line sex ratio.
3) the selection difference of different directions muscle material can realize the independence of side direction two principal directions of stress, and namely two-way linear relationship is separate.
4) test unit is simple, without the need to manufacturing three-axis tester, can test on general pressure testing machine.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is planimetric map of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the A-A cut-open view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is constraining rod structural representation;
Fig. 4 is the main apparent size schematic diagram of left and right directions loading end in embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the side-looking scale diagrams of left and right directions loading end in embodiment;
Fig. 6 be in embodiment left and right directions loading end overlook scale diagrams;
Fig. 7 is the main apparent size schematic diagram of fore-and-aft direction loading end in embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the side-looking scale diagrams of fore-and-aft direction loading end in embodiment;
Fig. 9 be in embodiment fore-and-aft direction loading end overlook scale diagrams;
Wherein: 1, compression test, 2, weighted platform, 3, cube specimen, 4, displacement meter, 5, constraining rod, 6, loading end, 51, muscles and bones, 52, steel sleeve, 53, nut, 54, steel cushion block, 55, bond colloid, and 61, wing plate, 62, web joint, 63, load panel.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the utility model is described in detail.The present embodiment is implemented premised on technical solutions of the utility model, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection domain of the present utility model is not limited to following embodiment.
A kind of constraint of the passive type for triaxial test charger, this device is used for carrying out triaxial test to cube specimen 3, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, comprise compression test 1, weighted platform 2 and the loading frame be placed between compression test 1 and weighted platform 2 and the assembly that exerts a force, force assembly is connected with cube specimen 3 by loading frame, loading frame comprises the loading element of two orthogonal connections, loading element is made up of two loading ends be oppositely arranged 6, four loading ends 6 are connected with four circumferential surfaces of cube specimen 3 respectively, weighted platform 2 is connected with the bottom of cube specimen 3 and the bottom of loading end respectively, weighted platform 2, cube specimen 3, loading frame and the equal centering of force assembly are placed in compression test 1 and load in space, in the present embodiment cube specimen 3 for the length of side be the concrete test block of 100 millimeters,
Compression test 1 pair of cube specimen 3 applies axle pressure, cube specimen 3 produces circumferential deformation under axial compression effect, this circumferential deformation excites force assembly to produce peripheral force, and this peripheral force is applied on four circumferential surfaces of cube specimen 3 by loading frame.
Force assembly comprises two mutually perpendicular forcing unit, and two forcing unit are corresponding with two loading elements respectively to be connected.
Each forcing unit is made up of 4 constraining rods 5 parallel to each other, two loading ends 6 of loading element is equipped with for 4 preformed holes by constraining rod 5, and 4 constraining rods 5 are through 4 preformed holes and be connected with two loading ends 6.
Loading end 6 comprises interconnective web joint 62 and loads panel 63, preformed hole is located on web joint 62, load panel 63 to contact with cube specimen 3 circumferential surface, web joint 62 is connected with constraining rod 5, in the present embodiment, loading end 6 is steel, loading end 6 also comprises two blocks of wing plates 61, and web joint 62 is connected by two pieces of wings 61 with loading panel 63.
Space is left between loading end 6 and cube specimen 3, six faces of cube specimen 3 are equipped with antifriction mat material, antifriction mat material is provided with between described loading end 6 and weighted platform 2 lower shoe, wherein, antifriction mat material is for avoiding because the end restraint of interfacial friction formation is on the impact of test material intensity.
As shown in Figure 3, constraining rod 5 is made up of muscles and bones 51 and the anchoring body that is located at muscles and bones 51 two ends, and muscles and bones 51 is connected with loading end 6 by anchoring body.
As shown in Figure 3, anchoring body is connected with loading end 6 by nut, steel cushion block 54 is provided with between nut and loading end 6, steel cushion block 54 is made up of the semi-circular ring of two various outer diameters, be convenient to knock removal, the internal diameter of two semi-circular ring is identical, in the present embodiment, the semi-circular ring overall diameter of top is 110 millimeters, and the overall diameter of the semi-circular ring of below is 80 millimeters, and interior diameter is 35 millimeters, as shown in Figure 2, only the constraining rod 5 of top is provided with steel cushion block 54 with the junction of web joint 62, and in order to save material further, constraining rod 5 two ends only one end are provided with steel cushion block 54.
Anchoring body is connected with loading end by nut, is provided with steel cushion block between nut and loading end, and steel cushion block is made up of the semi-circular ring of two various outer diameters.
Muscles and bones 51 is glass fiber-reinforced polymer material, anchoring body comprises steel sleeve 52 and bonding colloid 55, and steel sleeve 52 inside surface is connected with muscles and bones 51 by bonding colloid 55, and outside surface is connected with nut 53, in the present embodiment, steel sleeve 52 adopts internal and external threads, and internal thread is for the snap-in force strengthened and bond between colloid 55, and external thread is used for being connected with nut 53, bonding colloid 55 material is epoxy resin, the overall diameter of nut 53 is 50 millimeters, and the overall diameter of steel sleeve 52 is 33 millimeters, and interior diameter is 30 millimeters.
As shown in Figure 1, device also comprises displacement measurement assembly, and displacement measurement assembly comprises Acquisition Instrument and two displacement units, and two displacement units are corresponding with two loading elements respectively to be connected, and two displacement units are also all connected with Acquisition Instrument.
Wherein, the dimension information of two loading elements can be different, in the present embodiment, concrete dimension information is as shown in Fig. 4 to Fig. 9, in Fig. 1, the web joint 62 of left and right directions loading end 6 is of a size of 250 millimeters × 200 millimeters, in Fig. 1, the web joint 62 of above-below direction (i.e. actual fore-and-aft direction) loading end 6 is of a size of 200 millimeters × 200 millimeters, wherein load the measure-alike of panel 63, be 95 millimeters × 95 millimeters.
The use procedure of the passive type constraint charger of this triaxial test is specific as follows:
1) make cube specimen 3, mark the axial compression face that circumferential stress surface corresponding to differentiation about four is corresponding with about two.District is laid in test block test cube being positioned over charger, namely on weighted platform 2;
2) install circumferential loading frame and force assembly, force direction is respectively perpendicular to cubical circumferential stress surface;
The installation of loading frame and force assembly only can install a pair, and it is two right also can to install, and the process of installing a pair is as follows:
By a loading element, namely two loading ends 6 are placed in weighted platform respectively relatively, by four preformed holes of constraining rod 5 through web joint 62, fixing position makes the free segment center of constraining rod 5 and loading center at same straight line, line is in loading surface normal orientation, be screwed into bolt by anchoring body again, now cube specimen 3 is only provided with antifriction mat material in four surfaces, the surface being respectively upper and lower surface and contacting with loading end 6.
Two right processes of installing are as follows:
First by a loading element, namely two loading ends 6 are placed in weighted platform relatively, by constraining rod 5 four preformed holes through web joint 62, fix position and make the free segment center of constraining rod 5 and loading center at same straight line, line is in loading surface normal orientation, then is screwed into bolt by anchoring body; Again by another one loading element, namely two other loading end 6 is satisfied with first and is placed on loading bench to perpendicular direction, by four preformed holes of constraining rod 5 through steel plate, fixing position makes the free segment of constraining rod 5 be in loading center, be screwed into bolt by anchoring body again, now cube specimen 3 six surfaces are equipped with antifriction mat material;
Between the nut being positioned on the upside of loading end 6 two constraining rod 5 sides and loading end 6, add the steel cushion block 54 being convenient to device unloading, tighten the end nut of all constraining rods 5;
3) installation displacement meter 4 and foil gauge are in charger, test cube test specimen 3 axial deformation respectively, the distortion of circumferential deformation and charger self;
4) Acquisition Instrument is connected, by the Information Monitoring synchronization of power and distortion;
5) start compression test 1, the active carrying out axial force by controlling axial displacement rate of deformation loads, and records power and each data to distortion simultaneously;
6) when circumferential deformation reaches the limit values or cube specimen 3 destruction can not continuing loading occurs, off-test.
The material that above-mentioned force assembly adopts is linear elastic material, and this system need carry out pull-out test before the test, obtains the scale factor K=Δ F/ Δ L of power increment and incremental deformation.This factor changes by the elastic modulus of muscles and bones and physical dimension.
The connection of above-mentioned force assembly and loading frame is anchor connection, and its anchor force need meet with slippage linear, and linear factor is much smaller than scale factor K.
The distortion equity of muscle material and anchoring system thereof in the circumferential deformation of cube specimen 3 and respective direction, specifically such as formula shown in (1-1):
ε iL c＝ε rL r+2s (1-1)
Wherein: L cfor the test block length of side (mm), ε ifor a certain principal strain of test block side direction.ε rfor muscles and bones elastic strain, L rfor the drift (this apparatus design length is 200mm) of muscles and bones, s is muscles and bones slippage (mm) in anchoring body.
Cohesive force and muscles and bones pulling force mutually balance set up muscles and bones slippage and muscles and bones elastic strain mutual relationship such as formula shown in (1-2):
Ks＝E rε rA r(1-2)
Wherein: K is muscles and bones drawing rigidity (unit N/mm), E rfor the elastic modulus (units MPa) of muscle material.Two parameter records by being with the muscle material pull-out test of anchoring piece, A rfor muscle material sectional area (unit mm 2).
Simultaneous formula (1-1) and (1-2) can set up the transforming relationship of muscles and bones strain and concrete strain, shown in (1-3):
ϵ r = δ c L r + 2 E r A r K = L c L r + 2 E r A r K ϵ i - - - ( 1 - 3 )
This passive loading system finally acts on making a concerted effort such as formula shown in (1-4) on a certain principal direction of stress of concrete test block:
F = n r ϵ r E r A r = n r L c L r E r A r + 2 K ϵ i - - - ( 1 - 4 )
Wherein: n rfor certain confined pressure direction muscle material radical, i.e. the radical of constraining rod 5 in a loading element.
Its loading speed ρ ican be calculated by formula (1-5):
ρ i = n r ( L r E r A r + 2 K ) L c f c ′ - - - ( 1 - 5 )
Wherein: f ' cfor concrete test cube uniaxial compressive strength.
Namely the linear coupling of distortion and load is met.And the pull-out test of the assembly that actual loaded speed combines with constraining rod 5 by two pairs of loading ends 6 records.

Claims (10)

1. the constraint of the passive type for a triaxial test charger, this device is used for carrying out triaxial test to cube specimen, comprise compression test and weighted platform, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises the loading frame and the assembly that exerts a force that are placed between compression test and weighted platform, described force assembly is connected with cube specimen by loading frame, described loading frame comprises the loading element of two orthogonal connections, described loading element is made up of the loading end that two are oppositely arranged, described four loading ends are connected with four circumferential surfaces of cube specimen respectively, described weighted platform contacts with the bottom of loading end with the bottom of cube specimen respectively, described weighted platform, cube specimen, loading frame and the equal centering of force assembly are placed in described compression test and load in space.
2. a kind of passive type for triaxial test constraint charger according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described force assembly comprises two mutually perpendicular forcing unit, and described two forcing unit are corresponding with two loading elements respectively to be connected.
3. a kind of constraint of the passive type for triaxial test charger according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described forcing unit is made up of many constraining rods parallel to each other, two loading ends of described loading element are provided with for the preformed hole by constraining rod, and described constraining rod passes this preformed hole and is connected with described two loading ends.
4. a kind of constraint of the passive type for triaxial test charger according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described loading end comprises interconnective web joint and loads panel, described preformed hole is located on web joint, described loading panel contacts with cube specimen circumferential surface, and described web joint is connected with constraining rod.
5. a kind of constraint of the passive type for triaxial test charger according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, space is left between described loading end and cube specimen, between described loading end and cube specimen and cube specimen upper and lower surface be equipped with antifriction mat material, be provided with antifriction mat material between described loading end and weighted platform.
6. a kind of passive type for triaxial test constraint charger according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described constraining rod is made up of muscles and bones and the anchoring body that is located at muscles and bones two ends, and described muscles and bones is connected with loading end by anchoring body.
7. a kind of constraint of the passive type for triaxial test charger according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described anchoring body is connected with loading end by nut, is provided with steel cushion block between described nut and loading end, and described steel cushion block is made up of the semi-circular ring of two various outer diameters.
8. a kind of constraint of the passive type for triaxial test charger according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described muscles and bones is glass fiber-reinforced polymer material, described anchoring body comprises steel sleeve and bonding colloid, described steel sleeve inside surface is connected with muscles and bones by bonding colloid, and outside surface is connected with nut.
9. a kind of constraint of the passive type for triaxial test charger according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described device also comprises displacement measurement assembly, described displacement measurement assembly comprises Acquisition Instrument and two displacement units, described two displacement units are corresponding with two loading elements respectively to be connected, and described two displacement units are also all connected with Acquisition Instrument.
10. a kind of constraint of the passive type for triaxial test charger according to claim 9, it is characterized in that, institute's displacement unit is made up of two displacement meters, and described two displacement meters are connected with the two ends of loading element respectively.
CN201420652284.8U 2014-11-04 2014-11-04 A kind of constraint of the passive type for triaxial test charger Expired - Fee Related CN204142578U (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104344997A (en) * 2014-11-04 2015-02-11 同济大学 Passive type restraint loading device for triaxial test
CN105928788A (en) * 2016-04-25 2016-09-07 重庆大学 Spherical hinge constraining method capable of realizing hinge joint compression on 1000-t testing machine
CN110514523A (en) * 2019-08-29 2019-11-29 广东工业大学 A kind of stress loading combination unit

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104344997A (en) * 2014-11-04 2015-02-11 同济大学 Passive type restraint loading device for triaxial test
CN105928788A (en) * 2016-04-25 2016-09-07 重庆大学 Spherical hinge constraining method capable of realizing hinge joint compression on 1000-t testing machine
CN110514523A (en) * 2019-08-29 2019-11-29 广东工业大学 A kind of stress loading combination unit

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Granted publication date: 20150204

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