CN112834245B - Front axle camber and toe-in change detection device and method - Google Patents
Front axle camber and toe-in change detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112834245B CN112834245B CN202110002892.9A CN202110002892A CN112834245B CN 112834245 B CN112834245 B CN 112834245B CN 202110002892 A CN202110002892 A CN 202110002892A CN 112834245 B CN112834245 B CN 112834245B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
- G01M17/013—Wheels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
- G01B11/275—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes for testing wheel alignment
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of front axle detection, in particular to a device and a method for detecting camber and toe-in change of a front axle. The detection device comprises: the moving pair is used for being fixedly connected with a transverse pull rod on the front axle so as to limit the front axle to only freely move in the vertical direction; the suspension loading platform is arranged below the two wheels and used for applying vertical load to the wheels and unloading lateral force and turning moment applied to the wheels; the connecting hinge is characterized by further comprising two groups of connecting hinges which are arranged at intervals, wherein one ends of the connecting hinges are fixedly arranged, and the other ends of the connecting hinges are connected with the front axle and can rotate along the bending direction of the front axle. The invention can solve the problem that the influence of vertical loading on camber and toe-in of the front axle is not accurately detected due to the fact that the steering freedom degree cannot be limited in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of front axle detection, in particular to a front axle camber and toe-in change detection device and method.
Background
The camber and toe change of the existing front axle are carried out by the national standard QC/T494 test method. The front axle wheel end is provided with a wheel clamp and fixedly connected, and the wheel clamp is connected with the ground through a roller, so that the wheel clamp can move laterally freely, and the lateral force generated in the loading process is eliminated.
The left loading end is connected with the left plate spring seat of the front axle through a hinge, and the right loading end is connected with the right plate spring seat of the front axle through a hinge and a lateral moving pair, so that the front axle can be freely bent in the loading process. And displacement meters are arranged at each key point of the front axle, and the deformation and camber/toe angle variation of the front axle are measured by the displacement meters in the vertical load loading process.
However, the conventional detection device cannot limit the steering freedom, and the vertical loading can cause inaccurate detection of the camber and toe-in influence of the front axle.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a front axle camber and toe-in change detection device, which can solve the problem that the detection of the influence of vertical loading on the front axle camber and toe-in is inaccurate because the steering freedom degree cannot be limited in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in one aspect, the present invention provides a device for detecting camber and toe-in change of a front axle, including:
the moving pair is used for being fixedly connected with a transverse pull rod on the front axle so as to limit the front axle to only freely move in the vertical direction;
the suspension loading platforms are respectively arranged below the two wheels and used for applying vertical load to the wheels and unloading lateral force and turning moment applied to the wheels;
and one end of each of the two groups of connecting hinges arranged at intervals is fixedly arranged, and the other end of each of the two groups of connecting hinges is connected with the front axle and can rotate along the bending direction of the front axle.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the two groups of connecting hinges are a first hinge and a second hinge, the first hinge comprises a revolute pair, and the second hinge comprises two revolute pairs.
On the basis of the above technical solution, the first hinge includes:
the first upper bracket is fixedly arranged at one end;
and one end of the first lower bracket is movably connected with the other end of the first upper bracket, and the other end of the first lower bracket is used for being connected with the front axle.
On the basis of the above technical solution, the second hinge includes:
one end of the second upper bracket is fixedly arranged;
one end of the swing arm is movably connected with the other end of the second upper bracket;
and one end of the second lower support is movably connected with the other end of the swing arm, and the other end of the second lower support is used for being connected with the front axle.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the device further comprises an angle detection device, and the angle detection device comprises:
the two binocular vision devices are respectively arranged on two sides of the two wheels;
and the two groups of target points are respectively arranged on the two wheels, and each group of target points comprises five fluorescent points arranged at intervals.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the suspension loading platform comprises:
the table top is used for abutting against the wheel;
the lateral actuating cylinder is used for adjusting the lateral position of the table top so as to unload lateral force applied to a wheel;
and the rotary actuating cylinder is used for adjusting the rotary angle of the table top so as to unload the rotary moment applied to the wheels.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the sliding pair comprises:
a guide rail fixedly arranged;
and one end of the moving part is fixedly connected with the transverse pull rod below the front axle and is vertical to the transverse pull rod, and the other end of the moving part is arranged in the guide rail and can move in the guide rail in the vertical direction.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the gantry is arranged above the two groups of connecting hinges in a spanning mode, and a cross beam of the gantry is used for fixing one ends of the two groups of connecting hinges.
On the basis of the technical scheme, a bearing frame is arranged below the portal frame, and one end of the connecting hinge is fixed on the portal frame through the bearing frame.
In one aspect, the invention provides a method for detecting camber and toe-in change of a front axle, comprising the following steps of:
loading vertical upward force on the two wheels simultaneously, and limiting the front axle to move upwards in the vertical direction through a sliding pair;
when the wheel is subjected to lateral force and slewing moment, the lateral force and the slewing moment which are subjected to the wheel are unloaded through the suspension loading platform,
camber and toe angles of the two wheels are obtained while loading a vertically upward force.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: when the device and the method for detecting camber and toe-in change of the front axle are used, vertical upward force is simultaneously loaded on the two wheels, and the front axle is limited to move upwards in the vertical direction through the sliding pair; when the wheel is subjected to lateral force and turning moment, the lateral force and the turning moment applied to the wheel are unloaded through the suspension loading platform; the connecting hinges arranged at two groups at intervals are connected with the front axle, so that the front axle can be freely bent when being subjected to vertical load. Camber and toe angles of the two wheels are obtained while loading a vertically upward force. The front axle is limited to freely move in the vertical direction through the fixed connection of the sliding pair and the tie rod on the front axle, so that the tie rod only has vertical freedom, and the wheels are ensured not to have steering freedom in the test process. Therefore, the test device can eliminate the aligning moment generated by the left wheel and the right wheel in the loading process, and can avoid the influence of wheel steering on the test by limiting the front axle intelligence to freely move in the vertical direction. The test is used for detecting the influence of the vertical force on the camber and the toe-in of the front axle.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a toe-in and camber change detection apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the camber angle and the axle load according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between toe-in value and axle load according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a sliding pair; 11. a moving member; 12. a guide rail; 2. a front axle; 3. a tie rod; 4. a suspension loading table; 41. a table top; 5. a wheel; 6. a connecting hinge; 61. a first hinge; 611. a first upper bracket; 612. a first lower bracket; 62. a second hinge; 621. a second upper bracket; 622. a second lower bracket; 623. swinging arms; 7. an angle detection device; 71. a binocular vision device; 72. a target point; 8. a gantry; 9. a bearing frame.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a front axle camber and toe-in change detection apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a front axle camber and toe-in change detection apparatus, including: the sliding pair 1 is fixedly connected with a transverse pull rod 3 on the front axle 2 so as to limit the front axle 2 to freely move only in the vertical direction; the device also comprises two groups of suspension loading platforms 4 which are respectively arranged below the two wheels 5 and used for applying vertical load to the wheels 5 and unloading lateral force and turning moment applied to the wheels 5; the automobile front axle further comprises two groups of connecting hinges 6 which are arranged at intervals, wherein one ends of the connecting hinges are fixedly arranged, the other ends of the connecting hinges are connected with the front axle 2, and the connecting hinges can rotate along the bending direction of the front axle 2.
When the front axle camber and toe-in change detection device is used, a vertical upward force is simultaneously loaded on the two wheels 5, and the front axle 2 is limited to move upwards in the vertical direction through the sliding pair 1; when the wheel 5 is subjected to lateral force and turning moment, the lateral force and the turning moment which are subjected to the wheel 5 are unloaded through the suspension loading platform 4; the front axle 2 is connected with the two groups of connecting hinges 6 arranged at intervals, so that the front axle can be freely bent when being subjected to vertical load. The camber angle and toe angle of the two wheels 5 are acquired while the vertical upward force is being applied. The front axle 2 is limited to freely move in the vertical direction through the fixed connection of the sliding pair 1 and the tie rod 3 on the front axle 2, so that the tie rod only has vertical freedom, and the wheels are ensured not to have steering freedom in the test process. Therefore, the test device can eliminate the aligning moment generated by the left wheel and the right wheel in the loading process, and can avoid the influence of wheel steering on the test by limiting the intelligent free movement of the front axle 2 in the vertical direction. This experiment is used for detecting the front axle and receives the influence of vertical force to camber and toe-in.
In the embodiment, the suspension loading platform 4 is a K & C test platform, and before the test, the distance between the left loading pier and the right loading pier of the K & C test platform is adjusted, so that the center distance between the left loading pier and the right loading pier is equal to the wheel distance of the front axle belt wheel assembly.
In some alternative embodiments, the two sets of connecting hinges 6 are a first hinge 61 and a second hinge 62, the first hinge 61 comprises one revolute pair, and the second hinge 62 comprises two revolute pairs.
In this embodiment, two sets of hinges, which are a revolute pair and two revolute pairs respectively, are connected to the front axle, so that when the front axle is subjected to a vertical load, lateral deformation caused by bending of the front axle can be eliminated, and the front axle can be freely bent.
In some alternative embodiments, the first hinge 61 comprises: a first upper holder 611, one end of which is fixedly disposed; and a first lower bracket 612, one end of which is movably connected with the other end of the first upper bracket 611, and the other end of which is used for connecting with the front axle 2.
In some alternative embodiments, the second hinge 62 includes: a second upper holder 621 having one end fixedly disposed; a swing arm 623, one end of which is movably connected with the other end of the second upper support 621; and a second lower support 622, one end of which is movably connected with the other end of the swing arm 623, and the other end of which is used for being connected with the front axle 2.
In the present embodiment, the first lower bracket 612 and the second lower bracket 622 are fixedly connected to the leaf spring bolts of the front axle 2; the first upper support 611 and the second upper support 621 are fixedly disposed; the first upper bracket 611 is hinged with the first lower bracket 612; the second upper support 621 is hinged with the swing arm 623; the second lower support 622 is hinged with the swing arm 623; this clamping scheme can guarantee that front axle 2 can freely bend.
The problem that the accuracy of the test is influenced because the front axle 2 cannot be freely bent in a mode that the first hinge 61 and the second hinge 62 are hinged through a revolute pair is solved.
Meanwhile, the problem that the accuracy of the test is influenced because the front axle 2 swings left and right by adopting a mode that the first hinge 61 and the second hinge 62 are hinged by two revolute pairs is also solved.
In some optional embodiments, an angle detection device 7 is further included, which includes: two binocular vision devices 71 for being respectively provided on both sides of the two wheels 5; and two groups of target points 72 which are respectively arranged on the two wheels 5, wherein each group of target points 72 comprises five fluorescent points which are arranged at intervals.
In this embodiment, each set of target points 72 is five fluorescent target points, and the two binocular vision devices 71 are binocular vision measuring systems, so that the camber angle change and the toe angle change of the left and right wheel planes can be accurately measured through the binocular vision measuring systems and the fluorescent target points, and can be recorded in real time.
In some alternative embodiments, the suspension load station 4 comprises: a table 41 for resting on the wheel 5; a lateral actuating cylinder for adjusting the lateral position of the table 41 to unload the lateral forces to which the wheel 5 is subjected; and a rotary actuating cylinder for adjusting the rotary angle of the table 41 to unload the rotary moment received by the wheel 5.
In the implementation, through the lateral actuating cylinder and the rotary actuating cylinder, when the loading pier generates lateral force and rotary moment on the tire, the generated lateral force and rotary moment can be automatically decoupled and eliminated through the K & C lateral actuating cylinder and the rotary actuating cylinder.
In some alternative embodiments, the sliding pair 1 comprises: a guide rail 12 fixedly provided; the movable part comprises a front axle 2 and a transverse pull rod 3, wherein the front axle 2 is provided with a front end and a rear end, the front end is fixedly connected with the transverse pull rod 3, the front end is vertically connected with the transverse pull rod 3, the rear end is arranged in a guide rail 12, and the front end can move in the vertical direction in the guide rail 12.
In this embodiment, the guide rail 12 is fixedly disposed on the ground, one end of the moving member 11 can only move in the vertical direction in the guide rail 12, and the other end of the moving member 11 is fixedly connected to the tie rod 3 below the front axle 2 to limit the degree of freedom in the steering direction of the wheels. In this case, the sliding pair 1 can be a square or cylindrical chute, and its corresponding moving part 11 is also square or cylindrical.
In some optional embodiments, the device further comprises a gantry 8 which spans over the two sets of connecting hinges 6, and a beam of the gantry 8 is used for fixing one end of the two sets of connecting hinges 6.
In some alternative embodiments, a support frame 9 is arranged below the portal frame 8, and one end of the connecting hinge 6 is fixed on the portal frame 8 through the support frame 9.
In this embodiment, the upper ends of the two sets of connecting hinges 6 are connected to a bearing rack 9 fixed on a gantry 8, the bearing rack 9 is a vehicle frame, and the gantry 8 is fixed on an iron floor. In other embodiments, other support frames may be used to fix the upper ends of the two sets of connecting hinges 6, and the same effect may be achieved.
The invention also provides a method for detecting camber and toe-in change of the front axle, which comprises the following steps: the two wheels 5 are simultaneously loaded with vertical upward force, and the front axle 2 is limited to move upwards in the vertical direction by the sliding pair 1; when the wheel 5 is subjected to lateral force and gyroscopic moment, the lateral force and gyroscopic moment which are subjected to the wheel 5 are unloaded through the suspension loading platform 4; the camber angle and the toe angle of the two wheels 5 are obtained while the vertical upward force is applied.
Specifically, the lower limit of the test loading axle load is 0 ton, and the upper limit is 2 times of the rated axle load of the front axle. After the test is completed, a left loading pier vertical force FzL (unit N), a right loading pier vertical force FzR (unit N), a camber angle CambL (unit deg) of the left wheel, a camber angle CambR (unit deg) of the right wheel, a left wheel toe angle ToeL (unit deg) and a right wheel toe angle ToeR (unit deg) are derived.
Axle load Tf (in tons) through the formula
Calculation, in the formula: FzL is the vertical force of the left loading pier; FzR is the right loading pier vertical force.
Toe value Toe (in mm) by the formula
And (4) calculating.
In the formula: toe is the left wheel Toe; ToeR is the right wheel toe; r is the static radius of the tire (in mm).
The axial load Tf is taken as a horizontal coordinate, a left wheel camber angle (CambL) and a right wheel camber angle (CambR) are taken as vertical coordinates, a curve of the camber angle changing along with the axial load is obtained, and the slope of the curve is a changing gradient, as shown in fig. 2.
The axial load Tf is taken as the abscissa and the Toe-in value Toe is taken as the ordinate, so as to obtain a curve of the Toe-in value changing with the axial load, and the slope of the curve is a changing gradient, as shown in fig. 3.
In conclusion, the test device and the method can eliminate aligning moment generated by the left wheel and the right wheel in the loading process, and can avoid the influence of wheel steering on the test by limiting the front axle 2 to freely move only in the vertical direction. This experiment is used for detecting the front axle and receives the influence of vertical force to camber and toe-in.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and operate, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second", and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description is only an example of the present application, and is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A front axle camber and toe-in change detection device, comprising:
the moving pair (1) is fixedly connected with a transverse pull rod (3) on a front axle (2) so as to limit the front axle (2) to freely move only in the vertical direction;
the two groups of suspension loading platforms (4) are respectively arranged below the two wheels (5) and are used for applying vertical load to the wheels (5) and unloading lateral force and turning moment applied to the wheels (5);
and one end of each of the two groups of connecting hinges (6) arranged at intervals is fixedly arranged, and the other end of each of the two groups of connecting hinges is connected with the front axle (2) and can rotate along the bending direction of the front axle (2).
2. A device for detecting camber and toe-in of a front axle according to claim 1, wherein said two sets of connecting hinges (6) are a first hinge (61) and a second hinge (62), said first hinge (61) comprising one revolute pair and said second hinge (62) comprising two revolute pairs.
3. A device for detecting camber and toe change of a front axle according to claim 2, wherein said first hinge (61) comprises:
a first upper holder (611) having one end fixedly disposed;
and one end of the first lower bracket (612) is movably connected with the other end of the first upper bracket (611), and the other end of the first lower bracket is used for being connected with the front axle (2).
4. A device for detecting camber and toe change according to claim 2, wherein said second hinge (62) comprises:
a second upper holder (621) having one end fixedly installed;
one end of the swing arm (623) is movably connected with the other end of the second upper bracket (621);
and one end of the second lower support (622) is movably connected with the other end of the swing arm (623), and the other end of the second lower support is used for being connected with the front axle (2).
5. A device for detecting camber and toe change of a front axle according to claim 1, further comprising angle detection means (7) comprising:
two binocular vision devices (71) respectively arranged on two sides of the two wheels (5);
two groups of target points (72) are respectively arranged on the two wheels (5), and each group of target points (72) comprises five fluorescent points arranged at intervals.
6. A front axle camber and toe change detecting device according to claim 1, wherein said suspension loading station (4) comprises:
a table (41) for resting on the wheel (5);
a lateral actuating cylinder for adjusting the lateral position of the table (41) to unload the lateral forces to which the wheels (5) are subjected;
a rotary actuating cylinder for adjusting the rotary angle of the table (41) to unload the rotary moment to which the wheel (5) is subjected.
7. A device for detecting camber and toe change of a front axle according to claim 1, wherein said sliding pair (1) comprises:
a guide rail (12) fixedly arranged;
and one end of the moving piece (11) is fixedly connected with a transverse pull rod (3) below the front axle (2) and is vertical to the transverse pull rod (3), and the other end of the moving piece is arranged in the guide rail (12) and can move in the guide rail (12) in the vertical direction.
8. The device for detecting camber and toe-in of a front axle according to claim 1, further comprising a gantry (8) spanning over two sets of said connecting hinges (6), wherein a cross-beam of said gantry (8) is used to fix one end of two sets of said connecting hinges (6).
9. The device for detecting camber and toe-in of a front axle according to claim 8, wherein a bearing rack (9) is arranged below the gantry (8), and one end of the connecting hinge (6) is fixed on the gantry (8) through the bearing rack (9).
10. A detection method implemented by a front axle camber and toe change detection apparatus according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the two wheels (5) are simultaneously loaded with vertical upward force, and the front axle (2) is limited to move upwards in the vertical direction through the sliding pair (1);
when the wheel (5) is subjected to lateral force and turning moment, the lateral force and the turning moment which are subjected to the wheel (5) are unloaded through the suspension loading platform (4),
camber and toe angles of the two wheels (5) are obtained while loading a vertically upward force.
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| CN202110002892.9A CN112834245B (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2021-01-04 | Front axle camber and toe-in change detection device and method |
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| CN202110002892.9A CN112834245B (en) | 2021-01-04 | 2021-01-04 | Front axle camber and toe-in change detection device and method |
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| CN113252362A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-13 | 中国重汽集团济南动力有限公司 | Performance evaluation method under front axle loading state |
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| CN112834245A (en) | 2021-05-25 |
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