CN112833861A - Surveying and mapping method and surveying and mapping system based on oblique photography large-scale topographic map - Google Patents
Surveying and mapping method and surveying and mapping system based on oblique photography large-scale topographic map Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a surveying and mapping method and a surveying and mapping system based on a large-scale topographic map of oblique photography, wherein the method comprises the following steps: collecting data of an area to be measured, and planning a mapping line according to the data; arranging image control points in the region to be measured according to the surveying and mapping line, and processing the image control points according to a measurement specification, wherein the image control points comprise conventional image control points and special image control points; carrying out unmanned aerial vehicle flight oblique photography based on the surveying and mapping line, and acquiring topographic data of the area to be measured; inputting the terrain data into a modeling platform for three-dimensional modeling processing and synthesizing a large-scale three-dimensional terrain map of the area to be tested; and carrying out error control and precision check on each step. The invention has the effects of reducing the errors of large-scale topographic map surveying and mapping and improving the precision of the large-scale topographic map surveying and mapping.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of topographic map surveying and mapping, in particular to a surveying and mapping method and system based on oblique photography large-scale topographic maps.
Background
The current oblique photography technology is a high and new technology developed in the international photogrammetry field in recent ten years, and has wide application prospect in engineering survey as a new technical method. The oblique photography three-dimensional data can truly reflect the attributes of the shape, the size, the position and the like of the ground object. Oblique photography can acquire image data rapidly by means of an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the generated three-dimensional data is measurable data with spatial position information through full-automatic three-dimensional modeling. The oblique photogrammetry can simultaneously output data results such as DSM, DLG, DEM, DOM and the like. The current unmanned aerial vehicle technology is developed rapidly, the ground high-resolution image acquisition is simpler, and the oblique photogrammetry technology is possibly applied to large-scale map formation of 1:500 and 1:1000 by combining the high-precision three-dimensional modeling technology and ground control with proper arrangement.
However, since the oblique photography technique has the defects of uneven imaging quality, wide error sources and insufficient accuracy, it is a great challenge to apply the oblique photography technique to the surveying and mapping on a large scale.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects in the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a surveying and mapping method based on a large-scale oblique photography topographic map, and the other purpose is to provide a surveying and mapping system based on a large-scale oblique photography topographic map, which has the effects of reducing surveying and mapping errors of the large-scale topographic map and improving the precision of the large-scale topographic map.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the method for surveying and mapping the large-scale topographic map based on oblique photography comprises the following steps:
collecting data of an area to be measured, and planning a mapping line according to the data;
arranging image control points in the region to be measured according to the surveying and mapping line, and processing the image control points according to a measurement specification, wherein the image control points comprise conventional image control points and special image control points;
carrying out unmanned aerial vehicle flight oblique photography based on the surveying and mapping line, and acquiring topographic data of the area to be measured;
inputting the terrain data into a modeling platform for three-dimensional modeling processing and synthesizing a large-scale three-dimensional terrain map of the area to be tested;
and carrying out error control and precision check on each step.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, use unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography technique to combine supporting software to establish three-dimensional mathematical model, traditional survey and drawing operation mode has been changed, full play unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography measurement technique is nimble, the efficient advantage, and can guarantee the precision and can convert a large amount of field work into the interior work through utilizing oblique photography mapping, shorten project field time, the very big field danger of having avoided, carry out error control and precision inspection to each step in the mapping process simultaneously, can improve the precision of big scale topographic map survey and drawing.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the performing of the error control and the precision check for the respective steps includes:
analyzing errors existing in each step of the method, searching for an error source, and correspondingly controlling the error source;
and (5) checking the precision of the image control points, the three-dimensional model and the three-dimensional topographic map.
By adopting the technical scheme, errors existing in each step of the method are analyzed, error sources are searched, the error sources are correspondingly controlled, and the accuracy of image control points, the three-dimensional model and the three-dimensional topographic map is checked, so that the measurement errors can be reduced, and the surveying and mapping accuracy is improved.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the image control points are distributed in the region to be measured according to the mapping line, and the image control points comprise:
uniformly distributing the conventional image control points at equal intervals on a mapping line in the region to be measured according to a scale;
the special image control points comprise image control points arranged at the overlapping part of the mapping lines and image control points which are difficult to set;
and laying the conventional image control points and the special image control points according to laying conditions.
By adopting the technical scheme, the conventional image control points and the special image control points are distributed under the distribution condition, so that accurate positioning and absolute orientation of three-dimensional modeling are facilitated in the surveying and mapping process.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: at least one check point is also arranged in the region to be detected.
By adopting the technical scheme, the check points are arranged to facilitate checking of the region to be checked.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the processing the image control point according to the measurement specification comprises:
referring to "1: 5001: 10001: 2000 digital topographic map surveying and mapping standard and Global Positioning System (GPS) measuring standard carry out three-dimensional coordinate measurement on the image control points;
and judging the thorns of the image control points.
By adopting the technical scheme, the measurement precision can be improved by performing coordinate measurement according to the measurement specification in the field; and pricking the measured image control point position on the photo and judging the pricking position to facilitate the subsequent space-three solution.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: before the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial oblique photography is carried out, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the flight line setting for oblique photography comprises overlapping degree design, flight height setting and flight range setting.
By adopting the technical scheme, the quality of the acquired source data can be improved by overlapping degree design, aviation height setting and aviation flying range setting, so that the surveying and mapping precision is improved.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: and dividing the area to be measured into blocks, and carrying out the unmanned aerial vehicle flight oblique photography based on the blocks.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, divide the piece according to survey district elevation difference to the region that awaits measuring to according to the block that flies of navigating, advance unmanned aerial vehicle to fly the oblique photography of flying by navigating, be favorable to controlling the height of navigating, control photo definition, overlap degree are favorable to improving the quality of data collection.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the modeling platform comprises Smart3D software, DPModerler software and southern CASS software, and the inputting the terrain data into the modeling platform for processing and synthesizing the large-scale three-dimensional terrain map of the area to be measured comprises the following steps:
carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the terrain number through Smart3D software to obtain a real three-dimensional model;
collecting feature information of the ground features and the landforms from the real-scene three-dimensional model by using DPModerler software;
and importing the feature information of the surface feature and the landform into the southern CASS software to synthesize the large-scale three-dimensional topographic map.
By adopting the technical scheme, the oblique photography imaging is realized by utilizing the modeling platform, a large amount of field work can be converted into interior work, the precision can be ensured, the project field work time can be shortened, the field work danger is greatly avoided, and the large-scale three-dimensional topographic map surveying and mapping precision is improved.
The second aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a surveying and mapping system based on oblique photography large-scale topographic map, including field unmanned aerial vehicle flight oblique photography module and interior three-dimensional topographic map generation module, field unmanned aerial vehicle flight oblique photography module is used for flying the live-action data of gathering the region of awaiting measuring according to planned circuit through unmanned aerial vehicle navigation, interior three-dimensional topographic map generation module is used for based on live-action data are modelled and are generated large-scale three-dimensional topographic map.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize interior three-dimensional topography map generation module to fly the live-action data generation large-scale three-dimensional topography map that oblique photography module gathered with field unmanned aerial vehicle navigation, can convert a large amount of field work into interior, can guarantee the precision and shorten project field time again, very big having avoided the field danger, improve the three-dimensional topography map survey and drawing precision of large-scale simultaneously.
The present invention in a preferred example may be further configured to: the system also includes an error control module and a precision check module.
By adopting the technical scheme, the error control module and the precision inspection module analyze the existing errors and search error sources, correspondingly control the error sources and perform precision inspection on the whole process, so that the measurement errors can be reduced, and the surveying and mapping precision is improved.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the three-dimensional mathematical model is established by combining the oblique photography technology of the unmanned aerial vehicle with matched software, the traditional surveying and mapping operation mode is changed, the advantages of flexibility and high efficiency of the oblique photography measurement technology of the unmanned aerial vehicle are fully exerted, the oblique photography mapping is utilized, the precision can be ensured, a large amount of field work can be converted into interior work, the field work time is shortened, the field work danger is greatly avoided, meanwhile, the error control and the precision check are carried out on each step in the surveying and mapping process, and the surveying and mapping precision of the large-scale topographic map can be improved;
2. the three-dimensional topographic map is synthesized by the data acquired by oblique photography by utilizing the modeling platform, a large amount of field work can be converted into interior work, the precision can be ensured, the project field time can be shortened, the field danger is greatly avoided, and meanwhile, the large-scale three-dimensional topographic map surveying and mapping precision is improved.
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Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a surveying and mapping method based on oblique photography of a large-scale topographic map.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a surveying and mapping system based on a large-scale oblique-photograph topographic map.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of a surveying and mapping method based on oblique photography large scale topographic map is disclosed in the present invention, the method includes the following steps:
101. collecting data of the region to be measured, and planning the mapping line according to the data.
The data of the area to be measured comprise the range line of the area to be measured, an original topographic map, control point materials, related project design books and the like, the surveying and mapping line is preliminarily designed based on the collected data, the line is checked and corrected in combination with a field reconnaissance team, and comprehensive data can be collected according to the line in the oblique photography process.
102. Distributing image control points in the region to be measured according to the surveying and mapping line, and processing the image control points according to a measurement specification, wherein the image control points comprise conventional image control points and special image control points;
in this embodiment, the image control points are empty imaging marker points, and are mainly used for absolute orientation of three-dimensional modeling, and the positions and the number of the image control points in the range of the region to be measured can be arranged according to the mapping line. The image control point layout mainly meets the precision requirement of aviation flight oblique photography, and the situation of repeated point layout in the same region is reduced as much as possible.
Further, the above-mentioned image control point of laying out in the region that awaits measuring according to survey and drawing circuit includes:
uniformly distributing conventional image control points at equal intervals on a mapping line in a region to be measured according to a scale;
the special image control points comprise image control points arranged at the overlapping part of the surveying and mapping line and image control points which are difficult to set;
and laying the conventional image control points and the special image control points according to the laying condition.
Wherein, the netted laying of region (survey area) of awaiting measuring is pressed to conventional image control point, and evenly set up along the equidistant on the mapping line, the design of regional net of awaiting measuring should be directed against the survey area condition and combine the oblique photography subregion of aviation flight, the oblique photography direction of aviation flight divides and encrypts the survey area, need avoid the large tracts of land waters, independent island should form the survey area alone, avoid the condition that image control point falls into water, and control the interval size of conventional image control point according to the topographic map scale of difference, if 1: when a topographic map is mapped by a 500-scale ruler, the distance between image control points is generally controlled to be about 250 meters, and the image control points can be properly adjusted according to the condition of a survey area.
The special image control points comprise: 1) mapping image control points at the overlapping part of the mapping line, namely the image control points at the joint of the aviation flight oblique photography area, wherein the image control points are distributed at the overlapping joint of the air route, the adjacent areas are as common as possible, and if the common requirements cannot be met, the image control points are distributed respectively; 2) image control points which are difficult to set comprise partial mountainous regions and dense forest regions, and image control points can be arranged at non-standard point positions when suitable targets cannot be found at the standard point positions.
The layout of the image control points should satisfy the following layout conditions: 1) the image control points are generally distributed in six or five overlapping ranges of the course and the side direction of the unmanned aerial vehicle, so that the distributed image control points are as common as possible; 2) image control points positioned on the free graph edge are distributed beyond the 1cm of the graph outline as far as possible, so that the full range of the formed graph is ensured; 3) the image control points are used as mark points to facilitate identification and positioning, can be divided into three types of paint marks, adhesive marks and targets, and are arranged according to the terrain requirement 1:500 precision requirements, the preferred ^ n ^ s of brushing into of image accuse point sample formula to improve the pricking precision, 1: below 500 can be brushed into an L shape or a ten shape; the ^ ^ image is controlled to be a circle with the radius of 30 centimeters, a middle cross is made by a cutting machine or a marking pen, and colors in four directions are yellow and red with bright colors and longer radiation wavelength, so that the colors are convenient to distinguish; the sections which can not be painted and need to be distributed, such as roofs, graves and the like can use the self-adhesive stickers as temporary image control marks; 4) targets are nailed in fields, mountainous areas, tractor-ploughing roads and the like, and warning characters are annotated to prevent the targets from being damaged; 5) the image control points can be named as XK001 and XK002 … … in sequence, and the image control center proposes to cut crosses, steel marks or rivets and the like by a cutting machine.
The detection point is selected in a place with clear photographic image and clear target, the detection point does not participate in interior encryption and is only used for detection, and the detection point position does not need to be limited according to the selection of the image control point positions.
Further, the processing the image control point according to the measurement specification includes: referring to "1: 5001: 10001: 2000 digital topographic map surveying and mapping standard and Global Positioning System (GPS) surveying standard carry out three-dimensional coordinate measurement on the image control points, and carry out spine judgment processing on the image control points.
Specifically, three-dimensional coordinate measurement of image control points is carried out by firstly carrying out three-dimensional coordinate measurement on a network RTK and a quasi-geoid under the support of a continuous operation reference station system (CORS), when the network RTK has no signal or cannot be measured, plane measurement is carried out by adopting a conventional RTK method, a GPS double-reference-station one-time upper-pointing method or a GPS static observation method, and elevation measurement is carried out by adopting a GPS elevation leveling fitting method. The measurement of the image control points is completely referred to as 1: 5001: 10001: 2000 digital topographic map surveying and mapping specifications (provincial standard DB 33-20120918) and Global Positioning System (GPS) measurement specifications (national standard GBT 18314-2009) are required to be carried out to improve the measurement accuracy.
After the image control point measurement is carried out in the field, the position of the measured image control point needs to be stabbed on the photo, and then the space-three solution in the later period can be carried out. And (3) judging thorns of the image control points, namely firstly collecting photos of the image control points in the measurement area, and then adopting a mode of sampling thorns by each lens to perform: and randomly selecting the sharp image control mark for pricking every 5 photos. The image control point judges the thorn and can improve the precision that unmanned aerial vehicle flies the oblique photogrammetry achievement position of slope, and the main error that produces of image control judgement thorn is artificial error, belongs to accidental error, should become normal distribution according to the error theory, can ensure image control through increasing the sampling volume and judge thorn precision. Generally, the image control point pricking accuracy is required, the pricking point error should be within 2 pixels, namely 4cm on the ground, and the deviation between the model image control and the actually measured image control data after the adjustment is synthesized is within 1 pixel, namely 2cm on the ground.
103. Carrying out unmanned aerial vehicle flight oblique photography based on the surveying and mapping line, and acquiring topographic data of the area to be measured; particularly, in order to improve the efficiency and the photographic quality of the data acquired by the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial oblique photography, before the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial oblique photography, the flight line setting of the oblique photography is required to be carried out, wherein the flight line setting comprises the overlapping degree design, the flight height setting and the flight range setting. Wherein,
(1) designing the overlapping degree: oblique photography differs from conventional photogrammetry in that its degree of overlap is more demanding. The design of the oblique photography route needs to meet the requirements of course overlapping degree of more than 75 percent and side overlapping degree of more than 70 percent, and the precision requirement can be met.
(2) Setting the flight height: the relative altitude mainly affects the ground resolution of the photo, and the size of the ground resolution directly affects the definition of the model. The calculation formula is as follows:
f/h=PixelSize/GSD，h=f*GSD/PixelSize；
wherein f is the focal length of the camera, h is the relative altitude, PixelSize is the pixel size, and GSD is the ground resolution.
Oblique photography adopts four lenses in front of and behind 5 lenses and one lens for downward viewing. The focal length of a lower-view lens of the equipment adopted in the multi-rotor oblique photography is 35mm, the focal lengths of other four lenses are 50mm, and the pixel size is 3.9 mu m.
Calculated according to the formula, when the GSD is less than or equal to 2cm, the relative flight height requirement h is less than or equal to 179.5 m.
(3) Setting a flight range: in order to ensure that the data integrity of 5 lenses can be met in the range of the measuring area, the flight range is extended by one time of flight height distance beyond the range of the items.
Furthermore, the area to be measured is divided into blocks, and unmanned aerial vehicle flight oblique photography is carried out based on the blocks. After the flight line is adjusted through on-site survey, the area to be measured is partitioned according to the elevation difference of the measured area, and unmanned aerial vehicle flight oblique photography is carried out according to the flight area, so that the flight height can be controlled, the definition and the overlapping degree of the images can be controlled, and the source data quality can be improved. The unmanned aerial vehicle flight oblique photography meets the requirements of national basic aerial photography supplementary technical regulation on flight and photographic quality, and simultaneously also meets the following conditions: (1) selecting an open field for safe takeoff and landing of the unmanned aerial vehicle; (2) wind power cannot be greater than 5 levels during flight, and the flight cannot be carried out in rainy days and haze days.
104. Inputting the terrain data into a modeling platform for three-dimensional modeling processing and synthesizing a large-scale three-dimensional terrain map of the area to be tested; the modeling platform comprises Smart3D software, DPModelr software and southern CASS software, and the terrain number acquired by the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial oblique photography can be modeled in three dimensions through the Smart3D software to obtain a live-action three-dimensional model; collecting land feature and landform feature information from the real-scene three-dimensional model by using DPModerler software, and directly collecting land feature coordinate information from the real-scene three-dimensional model; and then importing feature information and coordinate information of the surface feature and the landform into southern CASS software so as to synthesize a large-scale three-dimensional topographic map. Specifically, a real-scene three-dimensional model is introduced into DPModerler software, and topographic feature information of the ground objects such as linear ground objects, point-like ground objects, residential areas and the like and coordinate information of the linear ground objects are directly selected from the model by using corresponding symbols, then a line tool of a vector diagram layer manager is used for drawing a range of contour lines to be constructed, a vector range line is selected, a dynamic elevation is selected according to actual needs, elevation points are automatically marked by software, and finally data in a dat format are exported to southern CASS software to directly generate a three-dimensional topographic map.
105. And carrying out error control and precision check on the steps.
In this embodiment, errors occur in each step, and the error sources mainly include the following points: error of image control point measurement; errors caused by improper image control layout and insufficient control; errors caused by unclear aerial photo; artificial error of industry absolute orientation; errors read from the model when drawing; and errors caused by the fact that the mapping range exceeds the effective range of the model. The following measures are used for controlling the errors for these error sources:
1. the image control measurement is completely referred to as 1: 5001: 10001: 2000 digital topographic map surveying and mapping specifications (DB 33-20120918) and Global Positioning System (GPS) measurement specifications (GBT 18314-2009) ensure the accuracy of image control measurement.
2. The image control point layout is laid according to the following principle:
(1) uniformly distributing in the measuring area;
(2) ensuring the image control interval and designing the image control interval to be about 250 m;
(3) avoiding areas of interference signals such as high-voltage wires and large-area water areas;
(4) the edge of the measuring area is properly encrypted;
(5) selecting an open and non-shielded area for laying;
(6) drawing a clear and visible image control mark;
3. the flying height and flying speed are controlled, and the resolution ratio and course overlapping degree of the photo are ensured.
4. And designing the route distance according to the photo and the photo, and controlling the flight sidewise overlapping degree.
The calculation of the overlapping degree is related to the picture amplitude of the photo, and the number of the cameras used in the flight is 2.4 million pixels, and the distribution is 6000 multiplied by 4000. The flight phase amplitude of the current flight is about 100 multiplied by 80 meters, the overlapping degree is set according to the requirement, the course shooting interval is 20 meters, and the flight path interval is 30 meters.
5. Selecting a time period with clear weather and sufficient sunshine at noon for flying, and ensuring the bright color of the photo; meanwhile, the weather of rain, snow, clear weather and dry ground is avoided, and deformation of the model is prevented.
6. The flight range is expanded by one time of flight height, and the data of the effective range in the survey area are ensured to be complete.
Since the tilt angle set by the current oblique photographing camera is 45 °.
7. The model is adopted to draw the terrain; and adopting photo original data to carry out spatial front intersection, and drawing the corner points.
8. And full quality inspection of the whole process is carried out, and the quality of the result is ensured.
The data quality inspection is mainly divided into two parts: checking the accuracy of the drawing and checking the precision.
Checking the accuracy of the drawing: the areas where oblique photography is prone to omission and error mainly include: the vegetation is dense and the local terrain which cannot be shot by the unmanned aerial vehicle cannot be accurately expressed; tiny objects such as telegraph poles and the like are easy to miss in the model, and the trend of the telegraph poles is easy to make mistakes; the complex house is shielded more and is not easy to draw. Therefore, the field painting work cannot be lacked after the oblique photography is used for imaging.
And (3) precision checking: the accuracy check of the oblique photogrammetry runs through the whole work flow. The inspection content mainly comprises;
(1) checking the precision of image control measurement data;
(2) checking the precision of the photo pos data;
(3) checking the comparison precision between the image control point on the model and the measured data;
(4) checking the comparison precision between the ground object points of the same type on the model and the measured data;
(5) checking the precision of registration comparison between the topographic map and the three-dimensional model;
(6) and checking the comparison precision of the ground object points and the measured data in the topographic map.
Referring to fig. 2, a surveying and mapping system based on oblique photography of a large-scale topographic map provided by the present invention includes a field unmanned aerial vehicle flight oblique photography module 201 and an interior three-dimensional topographic map generation module 202, where the field unmanned aerial vehicle flight oblique photography module 201 is configured to acquire live-action data of a region to be measured through unmanned aerial vehicle flight according to a planned route, and the interior three-dimensional topographic map generation module 202 is configured to perform modeling based on the live-action data and generate the large-scale three-dimensional topographic map. The system 200 further includes an error control module 203 and a precision check module 204, wherein the error control module 203 is configured to perform the error control process and the precision check module 204 is configured to perform the precision check process.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: use unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography technique to combine supporting software to establish three-dimensional mathematical model, traditional survey and drawing operation mode has been changed, full play unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography measurement technique is nimble, the efficient advantage, and can guarantee the precision and can convert a large amount of field work into interior work through utilizing oblique photography mapping, shorten project field time, very big avoid field danger, carry out error control and precision inspection to each step in the mapping process simultaneously, can improve the precision of big scale topographic map survey and drawing.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A surveying and mapping method based on oblique photography large-scale topographic map is characterized by comprising the following steps:
collecting data of an area to be measured, and planning a mapping line according to the data;
arranging image control points in the region to be measured according to the surveying and mapping line, and processing the image control points according to a measurement specification, wherein the image control points comprise conventional image control points and special image control points;
carrying out unmanned aerial vehicle flight oblique photography based on the surveying and mapping line, and acquiring topographic data of the area to be measured;
inputting the terrain data into a modeling platform for three-dimensional modeling processing and synthesizing a large-scale three-dimensional terrain map of the area to be tested;
and carrying out error control and precision check on each step.
2. A method of oblique-photography large-scale topographical map-based mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: the performing of the error control and the precision check for the respective steps includes:
analyzing errors existing in each step of the method, searching for an error source, and correspondingly controlling the error source;
and (5) checking the precision of the image control points, the three-dimensional model and the three-dimensional topographic map.
3. A method of oblique-photography large-scale topographical map-based mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: the image control points are distributed in the region to be measured according to the mapping line, and the image control points comprise:
uniformly distributing the conventional image control points at equal intervals on a mapping line in the region to be measured according to a scale;
the special image control points comprise image control points arranged at the overlapping part of the mapping lines and image control points which are difficult to set;
and laying the conventional image control points and the special image control points according to laying conditions.
4. A method of oblique-photography large-scale topographical map-based mapping according to claim 3, characterized in that: at least one check point is also arranged in the region to be detected.
5. The method of oblique-photography large-scale topographical map-based mapping according to claim 4, characterized in that: the processing the image control point according to the measurement specification comprises:
referring to "1: 5001: 10001: 2000 digital topographic map surveying and mapping standard and Global Positioning System (GPS) measuring standard carry out three-dimensional coordinate measurement on the image control points;
and judging the thorns of the image control points.
6. A method of oblique-photography large-scale topographical map-based mapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: before the unmanned aerial vehicle aerial oblique photography is carried out, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the flight line setting for oblique photography comprises overlapping degree design, flight height setting and flight range setting.
7. The method of oblique-photograph large-scale topographical map-based mapping according to claim 6, characterized in that: and dividing the area to be measured into blocks, and carrying out the unmanned aerial vehicle flight oblique photography based on the blocks.
8. The method of oblique-photograph large-scale topographical map-based mapping according to claim 7, characterized in that: the modeling platform comprises Smart3D software, DPModerler software and southern CASS software, and the inputting the terrain data into the modeling platform for processing and synthesizing the large-scale three-dimensional terrain map of the area to be measured comprises the following steps:
carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the terrain number through Smart3D software to obtain a real three-dimensional model;
collecting feature information of the ground features and the landforms from the real-scene three-dimensional model by using DPModerler software;
and importing the feature information of the surface feature and the landform into the southern CASS software to synthesize the large-scale three-dimensional topographic map.
9. The utility model provides a surveying and mapping system based on oblique photography large-scale topographic map, its characterized in that, includes field unmanned aerial vehicle aviation flight oblique photography module and interior three-dimensional topographic map generation module, field unmanned aerial vehicle aviation flight oblique photography module is used for flying the live action data of gathering the region that awaits measuring according to planned circuit through unmanned aerial vehicle aviation, interior three-dimensional topographic map generation module is used for based on live action data are modelled and are generated large-scale three-dimensional topographic map.
10. A oblique photography large scale topographic map-based mapping system as claimed in claim 9, further comprising an error control module and a precision check module.
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