CN112833715A - Rock mass excavation device and method - Google Patents
Rock mass excavation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112833715A CN112833715A CN202110072094.3A CN202110072094A CN112833715A CN 112833715 A CN112833715 A CN 112833715A CN 202110072094 A CN202110072094 A CN 202110072094A CN 112833715 A CN112833715 A CN 112833715A
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- hole
- rock mass
- tank body
- carbon dioxide
- wall
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-anthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RZVHIXYEVGDQDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
- F42B3/04—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive for producing gas under pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/14—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by compressed air; by gas blast; by gasifying liquids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a rock mass excavation device and method, and relates to the technical field of rock mass engineering. The rock mass excavation device comprises a tank body and an excitation tube arranged in the tank body, wherein a cutting groove is formed in the inner wall of the tank body along the axis direction of the tank body, the tank body is used for storing liquid carbon dioxide, the excitation tube converts the liquid carbon dioxide into supercritical carbon dioxide in the power-on state, the tank body is further connected with a positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanism is used for fixing the tank body in a drill hole. Above-mentioned rock mass excavation device can be directional, concentrated release energy, has higher security and stronger broken rock ability, can effectively improve broken rock efficiency, can also reduce the damage to the planned retention rock mass.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rock mass engineering, in particular to a rock mass excavating device and method.
Background
The most effective method for excavating and stripping hard rock mass is to adopt the traditional chemical blasting mode, but because the explosive can generate vibration and a large amount of harmful gas, noise and flying stones when detonated, the environment is adversely affected and the blasting process is uncontrollable, so that the rock mass excavation in the environment complex area generally adopts the processes of hydraulic crushing, static crushing and the like. However, the hydraulic crushing and static crushing are high in cost and low in efficiency, and are generally used as auxiliary measures in engineering.
At present, the rock mass excavation engineering of a small number of environment complex areas tries to adopt a liquid carbon dioxide phase transition cracking technology. However, compared with the traditional blasting mode, the impact pressure and the gas expansion pressure generated by the carbon dioxide fracturing technology are lower, so that the rock breaking efficiency is lower. In addition, the used carbon dioxide cracking device belongs to a high-pressure container series, has certain dangerousness in the transportation and installation process, and is easy to have safety accidents such as pipe flying and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rock mass excavating device and a rock mass excavating method, and aims to solve the technical problems of insufficient rock breaking capacity and low safety caused by small energy in a carbon dioxide phase change cracking technology in the prior art.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:
in one aspect of the embodiment of the invention, a rock mass excavating device is provided, which comprises a tank body and an excitation pipe arranged in the tank body, wherein a cutting groove is formed in the inner wall of the tank body along the axis direction of the tank body, the tank body is used for storing liquid carbon dioxide, the excitation pipe converts the liquid carbon dioxide into supercritical carbon dioxide in a power-on state, the tank body is further connected with a positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanism is used for fixing the tank body in a drill hole.
Optionally, the positioning mechanism includes a base communicated with the inner cavity of the tank body through the bottom of the tank body and a positioning pin arranged on the base, a positioning hole is arranged on a side wall of the base, the bottom of the positioning pin extends into the positioning hole and seals the positioning hole, and the diameter of the top of the positioning pin is larger than that of the positioning hole to prevent the positioning pin from being separated from the base.
Optionally, the rock mass excavation device further comprises a liquid filling nozzle communicated with the inside of the tank body, and the liquid filling nozzle is used for filling liquid carbon dioxide into the tank body.
Optionally, the rock mass excavation device further comprises a top cover connected with the top of the tank body, and an inner plug, a ball valve and a spring which are arranged in the top cover, wherein the top cover is provided with a through hole, the large-diameter end of the through hole faces the tank body, the inner plug is arranged at the large-diameter end of the through hole, the inner plug is provided with a flow guide hole, the through hole is communicated with the tank body through the flow guide hole, the liquid filling nozzle is arranged at the small-diameter end of the through hole, one end of the spring is connected with the inner plug, the other end of the spring is connected with the ball valve, and the ball.
Optionally, the liquid filling nozzle comprises a connecting portion and a tightening portion, the diameter of the tightening portion is smaller than that of the connecting portion, the connecting portion is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the through hole, the tightening portion is located inside the through hole, and the tightening portion is provided with a pressure relief hole communicated with the inner cavity of the liquid filling nozzle.
Optionally, the rock mass excavation device further comprises a hollow connecting pipe and a quick coupling, the hollow connecting pipe is sleeved on the outer wall of the liquid filling nozzle, the quick coupling is arranged at the end of the hollow connecting pipe, the quick coupling is used for being connected with a carbon dioxide liquid filling machine, a connecting groove is formed in the pipe wall of the hollow connecting pipe, and the limiting pin fixes the hollow connecting pipe on the liquid filling nozzle through the connecting groove.
Optionally, the outer wall of the tank body is provided with a mark corresponding to the notch, and the mark is used for indicating the position of the notch.
Optionally, a first O-ring is sleeved on the side wall of the positioning pin, the outer diameter of the first O-ring is larger than the diameter of the positioning hole, and the first O-ring abuts against the inner wall of the base.
Optionally, the top cover is provided with a wire guide hole, and a wire of the excitation tube extends out of the tank body through the wire guide hole.
In another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a rock mass excavation method, using the rock mass excavation device, the method including: constructing a row of drill holes on one side of the face of the rock body to be excavated; placing the rock mass excavating device into the drill hole, and enabling the cutting groove on the inner wall of the tank body of the rock mass excavating device to face the blank surface; injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the tank body, sealing the drilled hole by using medium coarse sand and vibrating to compact the drilled hole; the excitation tube of the rock mass excavation device is excited by electrifying to start the rock mass excavation device.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the rock mass excavation device comprises a tank body and an excitation pipe arranged in the tank body, wherein a cutting groove is formed in the inner wall of the tank body along the axis direction of the tank body, the tank body is used for storing liquid carbon dioxide, the excitation pipe converts the liquid carbon dioxide into supercritical carbon dioxide in a power-on state, the tank body is further connected with a positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanism is used for fixing the tank body in a drill hole. The exciting pipe is arranged in the tank body, when the tank body is filled with liquid carbon dioxide, the exciting pipe is soaked in the liquid carbon dioxide, the exciting pipe can instantly generate high temperature (above 800 ℃) after being electrified to change the liquid carbon dioxide into supercritical carbon dioxide, and high pressure can be generated in the tank body in the process. Because the inner wall of the tank body is provided with the cutting groove, the strength of the tank body at the cutting groove is reduced due to the cutting groove, when the interior of the tank body is in a high-pressure state, the tank body can crack at the cutting groove, the supercritical carbon dioxide quickly releases and impacts the hole wall of the drilling hole from the interior of the tank body and is gasified by phase change, the volume of the supercritical carbon dioxide instantly expands by 600 times and 700 times, and the supercritical carbon dioxide acts on rock mass around the drilling hole, so that the rock mass. Above-mentioned rock mass excavation device can be directional, concentrated release energy, has higher security and stronger broken rock ability, has effectively improved broken rock efficiency, can also reduce the damage to the planned retention rock mass.
The positioning mechanism of the rock mass excavating device comprises the positioning pin on the base, and when liquid carbon dioxide is filled in the tank body, the pressure of the carbon dioxide enables the positioning pin to extend out of the positioning hole and to be in close contact with surrounding rock masses, so that the whole excavating device is prevented from flying out of a drilled hole when the tank body is broken, and safety accidents are prevented.
When the rock mass excavating device provided by the embodiment of the invention is used, the rock mass excavating device is placed in the drill hole firstly and then is filled with liquid carbon dioxide, so that safety accidents such as accidental bursting and the like in the transportation and installation processes of the device can be prevented.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock mass excavating device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 at cross-section A-A;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the can body of FIG. 2 at D;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 1 at cross-section B-B;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure at cross-section C-C in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid filling nozzle in the rock mass excavating device provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a hollow connecting pipe in the rock mass excavating device provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 8 is a flow chart of a rock mass excavation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a second flowchart of the rock mass excavation method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a third flow chart of the rock mass excavation method provided by the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 11 is a fourth flowchart of the rock mass excavation method according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a fifth flowchart of a rock mass excavation method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 10-rock mass excavation device; 11-a tank body; 12-an excitation tube; 13-grooving; 21-a base; 211-positioning holes; 22-a locating pin; 221-a blocking portion; 222-a fixed part; 23-a first O-ring; 24-a second O-ring; 31-liquid filling nozzle; 311-a connecting part; 312-a tightening part; 313-pressure relief holes; 41-top cover; 411-a through hole; 412-a wire guide; 42-inner plug; 421-diversion holes; 43-ball valve; 44-a spring; 45-spring seats; 51-hollow connecting tube; 511-connecting trough; 52-a quick coupling; 53-third O-ring; 54-a spacing pin.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a rock mass excavation device 10, including a tank 11 and an excitation tube 12 disposed inside the tank 11, wherein a cutting groove 13 is formed in an inner wall of the tank 11 along an axial direction of the tank 11, the tank 11 is used for storing liquid carbon dioxide, the excitation tube 12 changes the liquid carbon dioxide into supercritical carbon dioxide in an energized state, and the tank is further connected to a positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanism is used for fixing the tank in a borehole.
The exciting tube 12 is arranged inside the tank 11, when the tank 11 is filled with liquid carbon dioxide, the exciting tube 12 is soaked in the liquid carbon dioxide, the exciting tube 12 can instantly generate high temperature (above 800 ℃) after being electrified to change the liquid carbon dioxide into supercritical carbon dioxide, and high pressure can be generated in the tank 11 in the process. Because the inner wall of the tank body 11 is provided with the cutting groove 13, the strength of the tank body 11 at the cutting groove 13 is reduced due to the cutting groove 13, when the inside of the tank body 11 is in a high-pressure state, the tank body 11 can be cracked at the cutting groove 13, the supercritical carbon dioxide quickly releases from the inside of the tank body 11 to impact the hole wall of the drilling hole and generates phase change gasification, the volume of the supercritical carbon dioxide is instantly expanded by 600 times and 700 times, and the supercritical carbon dioxide acts on the surrounding rock mass, so that the rock mass. This rock mass excavation device 10 can be directional, concentrate the release energy, has effectively improved broken rock efficiency, can also reduce the damage to wanting to remain the rock mass, has solved among the prior art carbon dioxide phase transition fracture technique because the less broken rock ability that leads to of energy not enough technical problem. The setting of positioning mechanism can be fixed the jar body in the drilling, and outside the whole excavation device flew out the drilling when preventing the jar body to break, the incident appeared.
In the present embodiment, the can 11 is a hollow shell, and the shape and size of the shell are not limited, and the cutting groove 13 is provided on the inner wall of the can 11 and extends along the axial direction of the can 11. The depth, length and cross-sectional shape of the slits 13 are not limited as long as the strength of the can body 11 at the slits 13 can be reduced without breaking the seal of the can body 11 itself. It should be understood that the strength of the tank 11 at the cutting groove 13 cannot be obviously reduced due to too shallow depth of the cutting groove 13, and it cannot be ensured that the energy is directionally and intensively released, the strength of the tank 11 at the cutting groove 13 is too low due to too deep depth of the cutting groove 13, the energy is released in advance before the energy in the tank 11 is not accumulated, the rock breaking effect is not good, and therefore, reasonable selection can be performed according to the rock breaking efficiency. The length and the position of the cutting groove 13 can be reasonably selected according to the position and the area of the rock breaking. Illustratively, the depth of the cutting groove 13 is 1/5 of the wall thickness of the can body 11, 1/3 of the length of the can body 11, and the starting position is 1/3 of the length direction of the inner wall of the can body 11. The notch 13 is provided to reduce the strength of the can body 11, and may have a V-shaped, square, semicircular, or the like cross-sectional shape as long as the function thereof can be achieved.
The exciting tube 12 is a device for converting liquid carbon dioxide into supercritical carbon dioxide, and its specific structure and composition are not limited. Illustratively, the excitation tube 12 includes a tube body, a chemical sealed in the tube body, and a conducting wire with one end immersed in the chemical, the conducting wire excites the chemical in the tube 12 after being electrified, and the heat generated by the chemical reaction of the chemical changes the liquid carbon dioxide into supercritical carbon dioxide above the phase transition temperature of 31.4 ℃ and generates a peak pressure of 200MPa or more.
In summary, the rock mass excavation device 10 includes a tank 11 and an excitation tube 12 disposed inside the tank 11, a cutting groove 13 is disposed on an inner wall of the tank 11 along an axial direction of the tank 11, the tank 11 is used for storing liquid carbon dioxide, the excitation tube 12 changes the liquid carbon dioxide into supercritical carbon dioxide in an energized state, and the tank is further connected to a positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanism is used for fixing the tank in a borehole. The rock mass excavation device 10 can directionally and intensively release energy, has high safety and strong rock breaking capacity, can effectively improve rock breaking efficiency, and can reduce damage to a rock mass to be reserved.
Optionally, the outer wall of the can 11 is provided with markings corresponding to the slots 13, the markings being used to indicate the position of the slots 13.
The slots 13 are provided in the interior of the tank 11, and if the tank 11 is made of a non-transparent material, a technician cannot identify the location of the slots 13 from the exterior of the tank 11 during use, and thus cannot determine where the energy of the rock mass excavation apparatus 10 will be released. Therefore, the mark corresponding to the cutting groove 13 is arranged on the outer wall of the tank body 11, the mark can indicate the position of the cutting groove 13 (the initial position and the final position of the cutting groove 13 or the arrangement position of the cutting groove 13 in the circumferential direction of the tank body 11), and when the rock body excavating device 10 is pre-buried by a technician, the mark is just opposite to the face of an excavated rock body, so that the energy can be released towards the face, the rock-breaking effect is ensured, and the rock-breaking efficiency is improved.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, optionally, the positioning mechanism includes a base 21 communicating with the inner cavity of the tank 11 through the bottom of the tank 11 and a positioning pin 22 disposed on the base 21, a positioning hole 211 is disposed on a sidewall of the base 21, a bottom of the positioning pin 22 extends into the positioning hole 211 and seals the positioning hole 211, and a diameter of a top of the positioning pin 22 is larger than a diameter of the positioning hole 211 to prevent the positioning pin 22 from being detached from the base 21.
The bottom of the tank body 11 is provided with an opening, the base 21 is provided with a structure for accommodating the cavity for the top opening and the inside, the accommodating cavity is provided with a positioning pin 22, the positioning pin 22 is a structure with a small bottom and a large top, and the bottom of the positioning pin 22 can be extended into a positioning hole 211, and the top of the positioning pin can not be extended out of the positioning hole 211 and can be abutted against the inner wall of the base 21. Illustratively, the positioning pin 22 is T-shaped and includes a blocking portion 221 and a fixing portion 222 that are vertically connected, the fixing portion 222 is a cylinder with a diameter smaller than or equal to that of the positioning hole 211 and extends into the positioning hole 211, and the blocking portion 221 is a cylinder with a diameter larger than that of the positioning hole 211.
The base 21 is communicated with the tank 11, and the liquid carbon dioxide in the tank 11 automatically flows into the base 21. Before filling the liquid carbon dioxide into the tank 11, the bottom of the positioning pin 22 is located inside the positioning hole 211, so as to seal the positioning hole 211 and prevent the positioning hole from extending out of the outer wall of the base 21, and preferably, the bottom surface of the positioning pin 22 is arc-shaped and flush with the outer wall of the base 21 before filling. After filling liquid carbon dioxide into the internal portion of jar, liquid carbon dioxide can produce the pushing action to locating pin 22's top, locating pin 22 is under liquid carbon dioxide's effect, its bottom stretches out base 21 by locating hole 211, insert the drilling pore wall of settling rock mass excavation device 10, it is fixed with rock mass excavation device 10, can effectively prevent rock mass excavation device 10 from rushing out the drilling, the flight control accident appears, consequently, can show the security that improves the work progress, in addition, locating pin 22's setting can also make rock mass excavation device 10 be applied to the broken rock of level.
In the present embodiment, the connection method of the base 21 and the can 11 is not limited, and the base 21 and the can 11 are connected by welding, or the base 21 and the can 11 are connected by adhesion, for example.
In order to prevent the positioning pin 22 from extending out of the positioning hole 211 before the rock excavating device 10 is placed into the drilled hole, optionally, a first O-ring 23 is sleeved on the side wall of the positioning pin 22, the outer diameter of the first O-ring 23 is larger than the diameter of the positioning hole 211, and the first O-ring 23 abuts against the inner wall of the base 21.
The first O-ring 23 is sleeved on the side wall of the positioning pin 22, the first O-ring 23 is fixed on the inner wall of the base 21, and when the positioning pin 22 has a tendency to extend out of the positioning hole 211, the inner ring can apply a friction force to the positioning pin 22 opposite to the movement direction of the positioning pin 22, so as to prevent the positioning pin 22 from being displaced before liquid filling and extending into or out of the base 21 by mistake. It should be appreciated that the friction force generated by first O-ring 23 on locating pin 22 is relatively small, which only prevents locating pin 22 from being displaced before filling, but does not prevent locating pin 22 from extending out of locating hole 211 under the action of liquid carbon dioxide after filling. Meanwhile, the arrangement of the first O-ring 23 can seal the gap between the bottom of the positioning pin 22 and the positioning hole 211, so that the leakage of liquid carbon dioxide is prevented.
In order to further prevent the liquid carbon dioxide from leaking, optionally, the bottom of positioning pin 22 is sleeved with a second O-ring 24, and second O-ring 24 is located between the bottom of positioning pin 22 and positioning hole 211, so as to seal the gap therebetween. The number of the second O-rings 24 can be multiple, and the multiple second O-rings 24 are sleeved at the bottom of the positioning pin 22 at intervals.
Referring to fig. 1, optionally, the rock mass excavating device 10 further comprises a liquid filling nozzle 31 communicated with the inside of the tank 11, and the liquid filling nozzle 31 is used for filling liquid carbon dioxide into the tank 11.
The liquid filling nozzle 31 should have a structure having a passage, and the passage of the liquid filling nozzle 31 communicates the inner cavity of the tank 11 with the outside, so that the liquid carbon dioxide enters the inside of the tank 11 through the liquid filling nozzle 31.
Referring to fig. 1 and 5, optionally, the rock mass excavating device 10 further includes a top cover 41 connected to the top of the tank 11, and an inner plug 42, a ball valve 43 and a spring 44 which are arranged in the top cover 41, the top cover 41 is provided with a through hole 411, a large diameter end of the through hole 411 faces the tank 11, the inner plug 42 is arranged at the large diameter end of the through hole 411, the inner plug 42 is provided with a flow guide hole 421, the flow guide hole 421 connects the through hole 411 and the tank 11, the liquid filling nozzle 31 is arranged at the small diameter end of the through hole 411, one end of the spring 44 is connected to the inner plug 42, the other end of the spring 44 is connected to the ball valve 43, and the ball valve 43 divides the through hole 411 into two.
The top of the can body 11 is open and connected to the top cover 41, the liquid filling nozzle 31 is provided on the top cover 41, and the can body 11 is communicated with the outside through the top cover 41 and the liquid filling nozzle 31. Alternatively, filler spout 31 is threadably connected to cap 41. The through hole 411 is a hole with a variable diameter and penetrating through the upper side and the lower side of the top cover 41, the ball valve 43 is clamped in the through hole 411 under the action of the elastic force of the spring 44, the through hole 411 is divided into two parts which are isolated from each other, a first space is formed between the ball valve 43 and the small-diameter end of the through hole 411, a second space is formed between the ball valve 43 and the large-diameter end of the through hole 411, the liquid filling nozzle 31 is arranged in the first space, and the inner plug 42, the ball valve 43 and the spring 44 are arranged in the second space.
During liquid filling, liquid carbon dioxide enters the first space through the liquid filling nozzle 31, the ball valve 43 is pushed to move towards the spring 44, the first space is communicated with the second space, and the liquid carbon dioxide enters the second space and then enters the tank 11 through the flow guide hole 421 on the inner plug 42. Normally, after the tank body 11 is exploded, the liquid carbon dioxide inside the tank body is completely released, but in the case that the excitation pipe 12 fails, the tank body 11 may not be exploded, and at this time, the rock mass excavation device 10 becomes a pressure vessel with potential safety hazards, and the liquid carbon dioxide inside the tank body 11 needs to be released to avoid safety accidents. The ball valve 43 is pressed to move the ball valve 43 towards the spring 44, so as to connect the first space and the second space again, and the liquid carbon dioxide in the tank 11 can return to the second space through the diversion hole 421 on the inner plug 42, then enter the first space again, and finally flow out through the liquid filling nozzle 31.
Through the cooperation of the ball valve 43 and the spring 44 and the through hole 411, the liquid carbon dioxide can enter and exit the tank 11 in two directions, and the liquid carbon dioxide in the tank 11 can be released safely and rapidly in the extreme case of failure of the excitation pipe 12.
In this embodiment, the shape of the through hole 411 is not limited as long as the through hole 411 has a variable diameter and can ensure that the through hole 411 can be divided into two parts separated from each other when the ball valve 43 is clamped inside the through hole 411. Illustratively, the through-hole 411 includes a first cylindrical hole communicating with the small-diameter end of the tapered hole, a tapered hole communicating with the large-diameter end of the tapered hole, and a second cylindrical hole having a diameter equal to that of the small-diameter end of the tapered hole. The outer wall of the liquid filling nozzle 31 is cylindrical and is connected with the top cover 41 through being in threaded fit with the first cylindrical hole, and the outer wall of the inner plug 42 is cylindrical and is arranged in the second cylindrical hole and is in threaded connection with the second cylindrical hole. The ball valve 43 is clamped at the junction of the first cylindrical hole and the tapered hole when only receiving gravity and the force of the spring 44, and isolates the first cylindrical hole from the tapered hole and the second cylindrical hole, and at this time, the first cylindrical hole forms a first space, and the tapered hole and the second cylindrical hole form a second space.
In order to facilitate the fixing and limiting of the spring 44, optionally, the rock excavating device 10 further includes a spring seat 45, a side of the inner plug 42 facing the ball valve 43 is provided with a groove for accommodating the spring seat 45, the spring 44 is disposed in an inner cavity of the spring seat 45, and the spring 44 is limited by an inner wall of the spring seat 45 during the extending and compressing processes and does not twist.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, optionally, the liquid filling nozzle 31 includes a connecting portion 311 and a tightening portion 312, a diameter of the tightening portion 312 is smaller than a diameter of the connecting portion 311, the connecting portion 311 is in threaded connection with an inner wall of the through hole 411, the tightening portion 312 is located inside the through hole 411, and the tightening portion 312 is provided with a pressure relief hole 313 communicated with an inner cavity of the liquid filling nozzle 31.
Under the condition that the excitation pipe 12 fails, the ball valve 43 needs to be pressed to release liquid carbon dioxide in the tank body 11, the connecting part 311 of the liquid filling nozzle 31 is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the through hole 411, the liquid filling nozzle 31 can move downwards relative to the through hole 411 by rotating the liquid filling nozzle 31, and then the ball valve 43 is pressed to move towards the direction of the spring 44, so that the first space is communicated with the second space. The tightening part 312 of the liquid filling nozzle 31 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole 411, a gap exists between the tightening part and the through hole 411, and liquid carbon dioxide can be released after flowing out of the liquid filling nozzle 31 through the gap and the pressure relief hole 313. The number of the pressure relief holes 313 may be multiple and are uniformly arranged on the side wall of the tightening portion 312 of the liquid filling nozzle 31.
Optionally, the top cover 41 is provided with a wire hole 412, and the wire of the excitation tube 12 extends out of the tank 11 through the wire hole 412.
The exciting tube 12 is arranged in the tank body 11, the opening of the tank body 11 is sealed by the top cover 41, according to the working principle of the exciting tube 12, an external control device is needed to start the exciting tube 12 through a lead, the top cover 41 is provided with a lead hole 412, the lead of the exciting tube 12 in the tank body 11 is led out, and the control of the lead is convenient.
It should be understood that the excitation tube 12 may be disposed at any position inside the tank 11 as long as it can sufficiently excite the liquid carbon dioxide inside the tank 11. Illustratively, the excitation tube 12 is connected to the inner plug 42 by a screw, or the excitation tube 12 is connected to a spring seat 45 provided on the inner plug 42 by a screw, so that the excitation tube 12 is opened into the top cover 41 as far as possible, thereby reducing the length of the lead.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, the rock mass excavating device 10 needs to be pre-buried in a drilled hole in the using process, so as to conveniently fill the installed rock mass excavating device 10 with liquid, optionally, the rock mass excavating device 10 further includes a hollow connecting pipe 51 sleeved on the outer wall of the liquid filling nozzle 31 and a quick coupling 52 arranged at the end of the hollow connecting pipe 51, the quick coupling 52 is used for being connected with a carbon dioxide liquid filling machine, a connecting groove 511 is arranged on the pipe wall of the hollow connecting pipe 51, and the hollow connecting pipe 51 is fixed on the liquid filling nozzle 31 by a limiting pin 54 through the connecting groove 511.
The quick connector 52 is used for connecting with a carbon dioxide charging machine, and the corresponding quick connector 52 can be matched according to different specifications of the carbon dioxide charging machine. The hollow connection tube 51 connects the quick connector 52 to the liquid charging nozzle 31. In order to facilitate the connection and the detachment between the hollow connecting pipe 51 and the liquid filling nozzle 31, the connecting groove 511 is arranged on the outer wall of the hollow connecting pipe 51, then the limiting pin 54 extends into the connecting groove 511 and rotates to enable the limiting pin to be abutted against the liquid filling nozzle 31, so that the hollow connecting pipe 51 and the liquid filling nozzle 31 are fixed, when the detachment is needed, the hollow connecting pipe 51 only needs to be reversely rotated and pulled out when the detachment is needed, and the detachment is convenient and fast.
The arrangement of the hollow connecting pipe 51 and the quick connector 52 enables the rock mass excavating device 10 to be free of liquid carbon dioxide filling before use, and the liquid carbon dioxide filling is started after the rock mass excavating device 10 is placed into a drill hole during use, so that the safety problem caused by accidental burst of the tank body 11 can be effectively avoided.
Alternatively, the connection groove 511 is L-shaped, and includes a first vertical portion, a horizontal portion, and a second vertical portion connected in sequence, which are disposed on the same side of the horizontal portion and parallel to each other and toward the bottom of the hollow connection pipe 51. Illustratively, the connection slot 511 includes two, symmetrically disposed at the bottom of the hollow connection tube 51. After the liquid filling is completed, the hollow connecting pipe 51 is pushed downwards, then the hollow connecting pipe 51 is rotated, and then the hollow connecting pipe 51 is lifted upwards, so that the hollow connecting pipe 51 is separated from the liquid filling nozzle 31.
Optionally, a third O-ring 53 is disposed between the liquid filling nozzle 31 and the hollow connecting pipe 51, and the third O-ring 53 seals a gap between the liquid filling nozzle 31 and the hollow connecting pipe 51 to prevent leakage of the liquid carbon dioxide. The number of the third O-rings 53 may be plural, and the plural third O-rings 53 are provided at intervals in the axial direction of the hollow connection pipe 51.
Optionally, the outer wall of the hollow connecting rod is provided with a marking corresponding to the cut-out 13, the marking being used to indicate the position of the cut-out 13. The presence of the indicator may indicate to the technician the orientation of the internal cut 13 of the tank 11 pre-embedded in the borehole.
Referring to fig. 8, the present embodiment further provides a rock mass excavation method, which adopts the rock mass excavation device 10, and the method includes:
s100: and constructing a row of drill holes on one side of the face of the rock body to be excavated.
S200: and placing the rock mass excavating device into the drill hole, and enabling the cutting groove on the inner wall of the tank body of the rock mass excavating device to face the blank surface.
S300: and injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the tank body, sealing the drilled hole by using medium coarse sand and vibrating to compact the drilled hole.
S400: the excitation tube of the rock mass excavation device is excited by electrifying to start the rock mass excavation device.
The rock mass excavation method adopts the rock mass excavation device capable of directionally releasing energy, so that the energy directionally and intensively acts on the face empty surface of the rock mass, the rock breaking efficiency is effectively improved, and the damage to the rock mass to be reserved can be reduced.
Referring to fig. 9, the step of placing the rock mass excavating device into the drill hole and making the cutting groove on the inner wall of the tank body of the rock mass excavating device face the blank surface exemplarily includes:
s210: and putting the rock mass excavating device into the drill hole.
S220: the hollow connecting rod of the rock mass excavation device is adjusted to enable the mark on the hollow connecting rod to be located on the vertical line of the face.
Referring to fig. 10, the injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the tank body, sealing the drilled hole with medium coarse sand and compacting by vibration includes:
s310: and (3) connecting a quick connector of the rock mass excavating device with a carbon dioxide liquid filling machine, and starting the carbon dioxide liquid filling machine to fill liquid into the tank body until the pressure inside the tank body reaches a preset pressure.
S320: the hollow connecting rod is pushed downwards, rotated and pulled upwards.
S330: and filling the drilling holes with the coarse sand during use, and vibrating and compacting the medium coarse sand in the drilling holes.
Referring to fig. 11, the energizing to excite the excitation tube of the rock mass excavating device to start the rock mass excavating device exemplarily includes:
s410: connecting a lead of the excitation tube with a control device;
s420: starting the control device to crack the rock mass.
Referring to fig. 12, after exciting the excitation tube of the rock mass excavation device to activate the rock mass excavation device, the method further includes:
s500: and inspecting the tank body, and rotating a liquid filling nozzle of the rock mass excavating device with the complete tank body to release liquid carbon dioxide in the complete tank body.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The rock mass excavation device is characterized by comprising a tank body and an excitation pipe arranged in the tank body, wherein a cutting groove is formed in the inner wall of the tank body along the axis direction of the tank body, the tank body is used for storing liquid carbon dioxide, the excitation pipe converts the liquid carbon dioxide into supercritical carbon dioxide in a power-on state, the tank body is further connected with a positioning mechanism, and the positioning mechanism is used for fixing the tank body in a drilling hole.
2. The rock mass excavation device of claim 1, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises a base communicated with the inner cavity of the tank body through the bottom of the tank body and a positioning pin arranged on the base, a positioning hole is formed in a side wall of the base, the bottom of the positioning pin extends into the positioning hole and seals the positioning hole, and the diameter of the top of the positioning pin is larger than that of the positioning hole so as to prevent the positioning pin from being separated from the base.
3. The rock mass excavation apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a liquid filling nozzle in communication with the tank interior, the liquid filling nozzle being configured to fill the tank interior with the liquid carbon dioxide.
4. The rock mass excavation device of claim 3, further comprising a top cover connected to the top of the tank body, and an inner plug, a ball valve and a spring arranged in the top cover, wherein the top cover is provided with a through hole, a large-diameter end of the through hole faces the tank body, the inner plug is arranged at the large-diameter end of the through hole, the inner plug is provided with a diversion hole which communicates the through hole with the tank body, the liquid filling nozzle is arranged at the small-diameter end of the through hole, one end of the spring is connected to the inner plug, the other end of the spring is connected to the ball valve, and the ball valve divides the through hole into two parts which are isolated from each other under the action of the spring.
5. The rock mass excavation device of claim 4, wherein the liquid filling nozzle includes a connecting portion and a tightening portion, the diameter of the tightening portion is smaller than that of the connecting portion, the connecting portion is in threaded connection with the inner wall of the through hole, the tightening portion is located inside the through hole, and the tightening portion is provided with a pressure relief hole communicated with the inner cavity of the liquid filling nozzle.
6. The rock mass excavation device of claim 3, further comprising a hollow connecting pipe sleeved on the outer wall of the liquid filling nozzle and a quick coupling arranged at the end of the hollow connecting pipe, wherein the quick coupling is used for being connected with a carbon dioxide liquid filling machine, a connecting groove is arranged on the pipe wall of the hollow connecting pipe, and a limiting pin fixes the hollow connecting pipe on the liquid filling nozzle through the connecting groove.
7. The rock mass excavation apparatus of claim 1, wherein the outer wall of the tank is provided with markings corresponding to the cut groove, the markings indicating the position of the cut groove.
8. The rock mass excavation device of claim 2, wherein a first O-shaped ring is sleeved on the side wall of the positioning pin, the outer diameter of the first O-shaped ring is larger than the diameter of the positioning hole, and the first O-shaped ring abuts against the inner wall of the base.
9. The rock mass excavation device of claim 4, wherein the top cover is provided with a wire guide hole, and a wire of the excitation pipe extends out of the tank body through the wire guide hole.
10. A rock mass excavation method using the rock mass excavation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising:
constructing a row of drill holes on one side of the face of the rock body to be excavated;
placing the rock mass excavating device into the drill hole, and enabling the cutting groove on the inner wall of the tank body of the rock mass excavating device to face the blank surface;
injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the tank body, sealing the drilled hole by using medium coarse sand and vibrating to compact the drilled hole;
and energizing an excitation tube of the rock mass excavation device to start the rock mass excavation device.
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| CN202110072094.3A CN112833715B (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2021-01-19 | Rock mass excavation device and method |
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| CN202110072094.3A CN112833715B (en) | 2021-01-19 | 2021-01-19 | Rock mass excavation device and method |
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| CN112833715B CN112833715B (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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| JP3117969B1 (en) * | 1999-11-29 | 2000-12-18 | 株式会社神島組 | Split rock device and centering method using the device |
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| KR20140074488A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-06-18 | 주식회사 뮤소리 | Jack for crushing rock |
| CN107237633A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-10-10 | 赵东 | Carbon dioxide fracturing device and the method using carbon dioxide fracturing device broken rock |
| CN110260720A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-20 | 安徽江南爆破工程有限公司 | Carbon dioxide sends and splits ware convenient to carry |
| CN110793403A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-14 | 中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Novel high-efficient carbon dioxide phase transition send and splits ware |
| CN110894790A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-20 | 方莹 | Internal inflation gas cracking tube |
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| JP3117969B1 (en) * | 1999-11-29 | 2000-12-18 | 株式会社神島組 | Split rock device and centering method using the device |
| CN1727637A (en) * | 2005-05-30 | 2006-02-01 | 马鞍山市惊天液压机械制造有限公司 | Rock splitter in use for non-blasting mining and tunnecting |
| KR20140074488A (en) * | 2012-12-10 | 2014-06-18 | 주식회사 뮤소리 | Jack for crushing rock |
| CN107237633A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-10-10 | 赵东 | Carbon dioxide fracturing device and the method using carbon dioxide fracturing device broken rock |
| CN110894790A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-20 | 方莹 | Internal inflation gas cracking tube |
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| CN112833715B (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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