CN112833711A - Terahertz wave stealth device - Google Patents
Terahertz wave stealth device Download PDFInfo
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- CN112833711A CN112833711A CN202011522157.2A CN202011522157A CN112833711A CN 112833711 A CN112833711 A CN 112833711A CN 202011522157 A CN202011522157 A CN 202011522157A CN 112833711 A CN112833711 A CN 112833711A
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- terahertz
- terahertz wave
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H3/00—Camouflage, i.e. means or methods for concealment or disguise
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Abstract
The invention discloses a terahertz wave stealth device which comprises a terahertz wave generating unit, a stealth sample and a terahertz wave testing unit. According to the technical scheme, the terahertz wave can be absorbed in a broadband and high-efficiency manner; the terahertz wave detector is suitable for terahertz wave incidence at any angle; the terahertz incident wave polarization detector is suitable for terahertz incident waves with any polarization, and has no selectivity on incident polarization. The three-dimensional skeleton nickel used in the invention is stable and reliable, is suitable for air, is not easy to be oxidized and deteriorated, and has no influence on the temperature and illumination at room temperature; meanwhile, the novel flexible plastic pipe has the characteristics of flexibility and shaping, can be bent at any angle, and cannot automatically recover to the previous state after being bent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of terahertz and radar stealth, and particularly relates to a terahertz wave stealth device.
Background
In the fields of military affairs and national defense, the stealth technology is an effective means for improving the survivability and the defense-outburst capability of a weapon system, and is highly valued by each major military country in the world. For the research of the stealth technology, certain progress has been made in the microwave, infrared and other wave bands, and multiband stealth is realized. Terahertz waves refer to electromagnetic waves with a frequency in the range of 0.1THz to 10THz, which is a frequency band that is between microwave and infrared and is a transition from macroscopic electronics to microscopic electronics. With the continuous and deep research on terahertz wave bands, various terahertz detection technologies are developed rapidly, so that the terahertz wave stealth technology is in urgent need of research and breakthrough.
The principle of the terahertz stealth technology is to adopt various measures to reduce the probability of the target being detected. Compared with the GHz band, the terahertz wave has shorter wavelength, and has higher requirements on stealth materials and structures. The wave-absorbing material is a material capable of effectively absorbing incident electromagnetic waves and enabling the incident electromagnetic waves to be reflected and attenuated, and the purpose of wave-absorbing and stealth is achieved by converting the incident electromagnetic waves into heat energy or other energy forms by utilizing various loss mechanisms of the material.
Terahertz wave stealth materials can be divided into two types in the realization mechanism, one type of material is designed based on a micro-nano structure, and a certain metamaterial mainly based on structural absorption is finally designed; the other type is that a carbon-based wave-absorbing material is designed by utilizing the strong response of a special material to a terahertz wave band and the characteristic of intrinsic absorption of the material.
The metamaterial terahertz wave stealth material belongs to a resonance type wave-absorbing material, and achieves the effect of strong absorption at a certain frequency by regulating and controlling the conductivity and the magnetic conductivity by utilizing a sub-wavelength structure array. Just because the metamaterial has the above characteristics, it can realize strong absorption of a specific frequency through the structural design of the material. Meanwhile, the metamaterial terahertz wave stealth material has certain limitation, and because the metamaterial terahertz wave stealth material can only obtain higher absorption for a certain specific frequency, the improvement of the absorption effect of a wider frequency band needs to be further researched.
The carbon-based terahertz wave stealth material has the advantages of being rich in structure, adjustable in electromagnetic property, simple in preparation method and the like. However, due to poor dispersibility of the carbon-based composite material and the mismatch of the interface between the surface of the carbon-based material and the surface of the free space, the carbon-based material is difficult to form a high-efficiency terahertz wave stealth network structure, and a huge amount of terahertz wave reflection can be generated at the interface, so that the terahertz wave stealth effect of the material is greatly reduced. How to ensure the efficient absorption of the terahertz waves in the material while reducing the reflection of the terahertz waves on the surface of the material is a design difficulty of the stealth material.
The existing two types of absorption materials have either broadband absorption or high absorption efficiency on specific frequency, can simultaneously realize high absorption performance on a terahertz wave broadband, and have no dependence on the incident angle and polarization of incident terahertz waves. Some newly reported emerging materials show better broadband and high absorption performance, but the materials have the disadvantages of high processing difficulty, complex preparation process, instability in air, easy oxidation and long distance from practical application. At present, in the field of terahertz wave stealth technology research, there are many researches on absorbing materials, such as 3D graphene foam, 3D porous MXene/GO foam, etc., but the processing processes of these materials are relatively complex, and the stability of the materials themselves is poor, so that the materials are not suitable for practical production and life.
Disclosure of Invention
At present, no research on the application of a three-dimensional framework nickel material in a terahertz wave stealth material exists, and the invention discovers that when terahertz waves are injected into the three-dimensional framework nickel, the three-dimensional framework structure can realize strong structural absorption of the terahertz waves, mainly realizes the function of structure-induced reflection and absorption, and enables the incident terahertz waves to be reflected and absorbed for multiple times in the structure; meanwhile, due to the metal characteristic of the three-dimensional framework nickel, the transmission signal of the terahertz wave is greatly weakened, and the terahertz wave is finally hidden.
The invention provides a terahertz wave stealth device which can realize efficient absorption of terahertz waves. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a terahertz wave stealth device comprises a terahertz wave generating unit, a stealth sample and a terahertz wave testing unit,
the terahertz wave generating unit is used for generating terahertz waves in any polarization state;
the stealth sample is a three-dimensional skeleton nickel sample and is used for realizing high absorption and low reflection of terahertz waves incident at any angle;
the terahertz wave test unit is used for terahertz wave reflection and transmission measurement at any angle.
The terahertz wave generating unit and the terahertz wave testing unit comprise a rotating motor, a terahertz time-domain spectrograph and an upper computer control system.
Further, the three-dimensional framework nickel sample realizes stealth of the terahertz wave through high absorption of the structure and high absorption of the material of the terahertz wave.
Further, when the incident angles of the terahertz waves are respectively 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 60 degrees, the absorption rate of the three-dimensional framework nickel sample to the terahertz waves in the range of the test bandwidth of 0.2THz-2.5THz reaches more than 80%, wherein the absorption rate of the three-dimensional framework nickel sample to the terahertz waves in the frequency band of 0.5THz-2THz reaches more than 99%, and the absorption performance is not influenced by rotating the azimuth angle of the three-dimensional framework nickel sample.
Further, when the incident angle of the terahertz wave is 30 degrees, the maximum reflection loss value of the three-dimensional skeleton nickel sample is 54dB, which is higher than that of the existing wave-absorbing material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the three-dimensional skeleton nickel utilized by the invention has low cost and is easy to realize: the preparation cost is low, the preparation can be realized by utilizing the existing mature industrial preparation method, the complex and high-cost manufacturing process similar to various metamaterials is not needed, and the defects of high material requirement and high cost of the existing scheme are overcome.
2. The terahertz wave shielding material has a simple principle of realizing high absorption of terahertz waves, and because the skeleton structure of the three-dimensional skeleton nickel is high in absorption of the structure of the terahertz waves and the material of the three-dimensional skeleton nickel is high in absorption of the terahertz waves, the terahertz waves are hidden.
3. The terahertz wave absorber is efficient in broadband, and can absorb terahertz waves with broadband and high efficiency; the terahertz wave detector is suitable for terahertz wave incidence at any angle; the terahertz incident wave polarization detector is suitable for terahertz incident waves with any polarization, and has no selectivity on incident polarization.
4. The three-dimensional skeleton nickel used in the invention is stable and reliable, is suitable for air, is not easy to be oxidized and deteriorated, and has no influence on the temperature and illumination at room temperature; meanwhile, the novel flexible plastic pipe has the characteristics of flexibility and shaping, can be bent at any angle, and cannot automatically recover to the previous state after being bent.
Drawings
In order to illustrate embodiments of the present invention or technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings which are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, so that the features and advantages of the present invention can be understood more clearly by referring to the drawings, which are schematic and should not be construed as limiting the present invention in any way, and for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained on the basis of these drawings without any inventive effort. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is an optical microscope image of three-dimensional skeletal nickel utilized in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flexible, stylizable display of three-dimensional skeletal nickel utilized in the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows the wave-absorbing properties of three-dimensional skeletal nickel at an incident angle of 30 degrees;
FIG. 4 shows the wave-absorbing properties of three-dimensional skeletal nickel at an incident angle of 45 degrees;
FIG. 5 shows the wave-absorbing properties of three-dimensional skeletal nickel at an incident angle of 60 degrees;
FIG. 6 shows the wave-absorbing properties of three-dimensional framework nickel at different sample azimuths.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
A terahertz wave stealth device comprises a terahertz wave generation unit, a stealth sample and a terahertz wave testing unit, wherein the terahertz wave generation unit is used for generating terahertz waves in any polarization state; the stealth sample is a three-dimensional skeleton nickel sample and is used for realizing high absorption and low reflection of terahertz waves incident at any angle; the terahertz wave generating unit and the terahertz wave testing unit comprise a rotating motor, a terahertz time-domain spectrometer and an upper computer control system, and the rotating motor and the upper computer control system are used for controlling the rotation of a terahertz time-domain spectrometer collecting arm and a sample rack so as to rotate the azimuth angle of the three-dimensional framework nickel sample at will and change the angle of the terahertz wave collecting arm at will.
According to the invention, the characteristics of material absorption and structure absorption of the three-dimensional carbon skeleton nickel material are combined, the requirements of low reflection and high absorption of the stealth material can be met, when terahertz waves are injected into the three-dimensional skeleton nickel, the three-dimensional skeleton structure can realize strong structure absorption of the terahertz waves, the structure-induced reflection and absorption functions are mainly realized, the incident terahertz waves are reflected and absorbed for multiple times in the structure, meanwhile, the metal characteristics of the three-dimensional skeleton nickel enable the transmission signals of the terahertz waves to be greatly weakened, and the stealth of the terahertz waves is finally realized; meanwhile, the complexity of the processing process can be reduced, the cost is reduced, the stability is high, and the terahertz wave stealth material has a wide application prospect.
According to the device, the skeleton structure design of the three-dimensional skeleton nickel is utilized for the sample, so that the reflection signal of the terahertz wave is greatly reduced; by utilizing the material characteristics of the metal nickel, the transmission signal of the terahertz wave is greatly reduced. The three-dimensional framework nickel material has the characteristics of ultra-wideband absorption, wide-angle absorption, no polarization dependence and high absorption efficiency in the absorption of terahertz waves; the three-dimensional framework nickel material has the characteristics of stability, reliability, easy realization, low price, flexibility, shapability and the like, and has practical prospect.
In order to facilitate understanding of the above-described embodiments of the present invention, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is made through specific experiments. The experimental verification of the terahertz stealth material is based on the measurement experiment of terahertz reflection and transmission signals, the terahertz time-domain spectrograph under the control of a rotating motor is adopted, the arbitrary regulation and control of the incident angle of terahertz waves are realized by arbitrarily rotating a three-dimensional framework nickel sample to change the azimuth angle of the sample, the regulation and control are controlled by a computer, and meanwhile, the terahertz wave reflection and transmission signals can be detected by rotating a terahertz wave collecting arm.
Experimental methods
In order to make the verification result more clear, the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system is adopted in the embodiment to measure the reflection and transmission of the terahertz waves on the three-dimensional skeleton nickel sample. For better signal observation, a computer is used for operating a rotating motor to enable terahertz waves to be obliquely incident and hit on the three-dimensional skeleton nickel sample, and the three-dimensional skeleton nickel sample with different aperture sizes (100um, 300um, 500um, 1000um and 1500um) is respectively selected to have an incident angle of 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 60 degrees to respectively measure a reflection signal and a transmission signal of the terahertz waves.
Results of the experiment
The experimental results are shown in fig. 3-5, when the incident angles of the terahertz waves are respectively 30 °, 45 ° and 60 °, the absorption rate of the three-dimensional framework nickel sample to the terahertz waves within the test bandwidth range of 0.2THz-2.5THz reaches more than 80%, wherein the absorption rate to the terahertz waves within the frequency band of 0.5THz-2THz reaches more than 99%, which indicates the characteristics of wide-angle absorption, broadband absorption and high-efficiency absorption of the three-dimensional framework nickel. The azimuth angle of the sample is changed, the reflection and transmission signals at the interval of 20 degrees from 0 to 340 degrees are measured, and the experimental result is shown in fig. 6, which shows that the azimuth angle of the rotating three-dimensional framework nickel sample has no influence on the absorption performance, namely the three-dimensional framework nickel sample has no polarization-dependent characteristic.
When the incident angle of the terahertz wave is 30 degrees, the maximum reflection loss value of the three-dimensional framework nickel sample is 54dB, which is higher than that of the existing wave-absorbing material.
The terahertz stealth material with high quality and high performance can be realized by utilizing the structural absorption characteristic of the three-dimensional framework nickel material. Meanwhile, the three-dimensional framework nickel material can realize high absorption performance on a terahertz wave broadband, and has no dependence on the angle and polarization of incident terahertz waves. Based on the terahertz signal detection method, the terahertz signal detection device and the terahertz signal detection method, the terahertz signal detection method can be applied to combat weapons or the surface of a target needing to avoid terahertz radar detection, so that the target can strongly absorb terahertz signals sent by the terahertz radar, and the detection capability of the terahertz radar is greatly weakened.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A terahertz wave stealth device is characterized by comprising a terahertz wave generating unit, a stealth sample and a terahertz wave testing unit,
the terahertz wave generating unit is used for generating terahertz waves in any polarization state;
the stealth sample is a three-dimensional skeleton nickel sample and is used for realizing high absorption and low reflection of terahertz waves incident at any angle;
the terahertz wave test unit is used for terahertz wave reflection and transmission measurement at any angle.
The terahertz wave generating unit and the terahertz wave testing unit comprise a rotating motor, a terahertz time-domain spectrograph and an upper computer control system.
2. The terahertz wave stealth device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional skeleton nickel sample realizes the stealth of the terahertz wave through high absorption of the structure and high absorption of the material of the terahertz wave.
3. The terahertz wave stealth device according to claim 1, wherein when the incident angles of terahertz waves are 30 °, 45 ° and 60 °, the absorption rate of the three-dimensional skeleton nickel sample to terahertz waves within a test bandwidth of 0.2THz-2.5THz reaches more than 80%, wherein the absorption rate to terahertz waves within a frequency band of 0.5THz-2THz reaches more than 99%, and the absorption performance is not affected by rotating the azimuth angle of the three-dimensional skeleton nickel sample.
4. The terahertz wave stealth device as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the incident angle of the terahertz wave is 30 °, the maximum reflection loss value of the three-dimensional skeleton nickel sample is 54dB, which is higher than that of the reported wave-absorbing material.
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| CN202011522157.2A CN112833711A (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Terahertz wave stealth device |
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| CN202011522157.2A CN112833711A (en) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Terahertz wave stealth device |
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| CN111123417A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Terahertz wave stealth device with high efficiency and wide frequency band |
| US20200292452A1 (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-09-17 | Korea Food Research Institute | Device for inspecting large area high speed object |
| CN111730924A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-02 | 电子科技大学 | Terahertz wave-absorbing material with gradient aperture structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN111916917A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-10 | 电子科技大学 | Terahertz wave broadband super-strong absorption foam based on MXene |
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2020
- 2020-12-18 CN CN202011522157.2A patent/CN112833711A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106785475A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-31 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of THz wave wide band absorption material based on silicon nanoneedle |
| US20200292452A1 (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-09-17 | Korea Food Research Institute | Device for inspecting large area high speed object |
| CN111123417A (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2020-05-08 | 北京航空航天大学 | Terahertz wave stealth device with high efficiency and wide frequency band |
| CN111730924A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-02 | 电子科技大学 | Terahertz wave-absorbing material with gradient aperture structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN111916917A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-10 | 电子科技大学 | Terahertz wave broadband super-strong absorption foam based on MXene |
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Application publication date: 20210525 |