CN112833625A - Drying device for biological fertilizer and using method thereof - Google Patents
Drying device for biological fertilizer and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112833625A CN112833625A CN202110081999.7A CN202110081999A CN112833625A CN 112833625 A CN112833625 A CN 112833625A CN 202110081999 A CN202110081999 A CN 202110081999A CN 112833625 A CN112833625 A CN 112833625A
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- heat exchanger
- storage cylinder
- driving motor
- movable mounting
- air compressor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B5/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat
- F26B5/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum
- F26B5/06—Drying solid materials or objects by processes not involving the application of heat by evaporation or sublimation of moisture under reduced pressure, e.g. in a vacuum the process involving freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/02—Applications of driving mechanisms, not covered by another subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
- F26B9/08—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements
- F26B9/082—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers including agitating devices, e.g. pneumatic recirculation arrangements mechanically agitating or recirculating the material being dried
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/12—Manure
Abstract
The invention discloses a drying device for biological fertilizer and a use method thereof, wherein the drying device comprises the following steps: the storage device comprises a shell and a storage barrel arranged in the shell, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the storage barrel are respectively provided with a movable mounting rack; the first heat exchanger is wound and arranged outside the material storage cylinder; the sliding support rods are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the material storage barrel, and the two ends of the sliding support rods are respectively fixed with the shell through bolts; a second heat exchanger is installed on one side of the installation cavity, and an air compressor is installed on one side of the second heat exchanger; the moving mechanism is arranged at the front end and the rear end of the storage cylinder, and an infrared transmitting tube is arranged on one side of the moving mechanism, which is close to the storage cylinder. On one hand, the biological fertilizer can be dried on the premise that the microbial activity is not changed, so that the processing quality of the product is ensured, and on the other hand, the drying uniformity of the biological fertilizer can be ensured in the drying process, so that a good moisture control effect is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological fertilizer processing, in particular to a drying device for biological fertilizer and a using method thereof.
Background
The biological fertilizer is also called microbial fertilizer, bacterial fertilizer and inoculant. The biological fertilizer is used for promoting the growth of plants by improving the effectiveness of soil nutrients through the vital activities of microorganisms, and has the importance of supplementing and activating the soil nutrients from non-renewable resources which are difficult to utilize and integrating the soil nutrients into the composition of a plant nutrition system. According to the types of microorganisms in the product, the biological fertilizers can be divided into bacterial fertilizers (rhizobia fertilizers, nitrogen-fixing bacteria fertilizers and the like), actinomycete fertilizers (such as antibiotic fungi), fungi fertilizers (such as mycorrhizal fungi) and algae fertilizers (nitrogen-fixing blue algae and the like). In the bacterial fertilizer, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus bacteria and potassium bacterial fertilizers can be divided according to a single strain, or a compound biological fertilizer is formed by mixing a plurality of microorganisms together. At present, microbial fertilizers have irreplaceable effects in the aspects of fertilizing soil fertility, improving the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers, inhibiting the absorption of crops on nitrate nitrogen, heavy metals and pesticides, purifying and repairing soil, reducing crop diseases, promoting the decomposition and utilization of crop straws and municipal waste, protecting the environment, improving the quality of crop products, improving food safety and the like.
Generally, after the bio-fertilizer is processed, in order to improve the overall storage time, a drying device is needed to control the moisture in the bio-fertilizer so as to achieve the purpose of long-acting preservation.
However, the existing bio-fertilizer drying device has some defects in the using process: firstly, because a certain amount of microorganisms are contained in the biological fertilizer, the microorganisms are easy to die along with the lapse of time in the high-temperature drying process, so that the nutrition supplementing effect on the soil is poor; secondly, in order to improve the drying efficiency of the biological fertilizer, batch type drying treatment is often adopted, and although the drying time can be shortened, a better effect cannot be achieved in the aspect of water control.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a drying device for bio-fertilizer and a method for using the same, which can ensure the drying of bio-fertilizer without changing the activity of microorganisms, thereby ensuring the processing quality of the product, and can ensure the drying uniformity of bio-fertilizer during the drying process, thereby achieving a good moisture control effect.
In order to achieve the above objects and other objects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a drying apparatus for biofertilizer and method of use thereof, comprising:
the sealing device comprises a shell and a storage barrel arranged in the shell, wherein a sealing barrel cover is rotatably arranged on one side of the storage barrel, and movable mounting racks are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the storage barrel and are welded and fixed with the storage barrel;
the first heat exchanger is wound and arranged outside the storage barrel, and the first heat exchanger and the storage barrel are fixed through screws;
the sliding support rods are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the material storage barrel, one ends of the sliding support rods penetrate through and extend to the other side of the movable mounting rack, the sliding support rods are connected with the movable mounting rack in a sliding mode, and the two ends of the sliding support rods are fixed to the shell through bolts respectively;
the installation cavity is arranged at the lower end in the shell, a second heat exchanger is installed on one side of the installation cavity, an air compressor is installed on one side of the second heat exchanger, a refrigerant storage tank is installed on one side of the air compressor, a vacuum pump is installed on the other side of the installation cavity, the first heat exchanger is in a heat absorption state and the second heat exchanger is in a heat release state when the air compressor runs in the forward direction, and the first heat exchanger is in a heat release state and the second heat exchanger is in a heat absorption state when the air compressor runs in the reverse direction;
the moving mechanism is arranged at the front end and the rear end of the storage cylinder and is fixed with the shell through screws, and an infrared transmitting tube is arranged on one side, close to the storage cylinder, of the moving mechanism.
Preferably, the second heat exchanger and the air compressor, the air compressor and the refrigerant storage tank, and the refrigerant storage tank and the first heat exchanger are respectively sealed and fixed through a first medium conveying hose, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are sealed and fixed through a second medium conveying hose, an expansion valve and an electromagnetic valve are respectively and fixedly mounted outside the second medium conveying hose, a fan is mounted between the second heat exchanger and the air compressor, the number of the fans is two, and heat dissipation windows are arranged at the bottoms of two sides of the shell.
Preferably, the tooth's socket is all provided with in the outside of movable mounting bracket, first driving motor is installed to storage cylinder upper end movable mounting bracket's top, and first driving motor passes through the bolt fastening with the shell, second driving motor is installed to storage cylinder lower extreme movable mounting bracket's below, and second driving motor passes through the bolt fastening with the shell, first driving motor has sector gear with the equal fixed mounting of second driving motor's output shaft, and sector gear all is connected with the tooth's socket meshing, first driving motor is reverse with the rotation of fast with second driving motor, and when sector gear and tooth's socket meshing on the first driving motor, sector gear and tooth's socket non-engagement take place on the second driving motor.
Preferably, the inside upper and lower end of moving mechanism all installs the lead screw, and the one end of lead screw rotates with moving mechanism and is connected, the other end of lead screw is provided with servo motor, and servo motor passes through the fix with screw with moving mechanism, and servo motor's output shaft passes through the shaft coupling transmission with the other end of lead screw and is connected, the externally mounted of lead screw has the sliding block, and sliding block and lead screw looks adaptation, the both ends of infrared emission pipe pass through the fix with screw with the sliding block respectively, storage section of thick bamboo front end infrared emission pipe is each other with storage section of thick bamboo rear end infrared emission pipe and is reverse motion.
Preferably, the inside of storage section of thick bamboo is provided with six stopper groups, and every stopper of group is provided with two, two install the slide between the stopper, and slide and stopper sliding connection, the inside of stopper all is provided with the sliding tray, the both sides of slide all rotate and install the gyro wheel, and gyro wheel and sliding tray sliding connection, the upper end of slide all is provided with places the otter board.
Preferably, the upper end of the vacuum pump is provided with an air exhaust hose, and two ends of the air exhaust hose are respectively fixed with the sealing cylinder cover and the vacuum pump in a sealing manner.
Preferably, the sliding support rod is externally provided with a spring, and two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected with the shell and the movable mounting rack.
Preferably, a vacuum gauge and an exhaust valve are respectively installed on one side of the shell, one end of the vacuum gauge and one end of the exhaust valve extend to the inside of the storage barrel, and the middle parts of the vacuum gauge and the exhaust valve are connected with the shell in a sliding mode.
The use method of the drying device for the biological fertilizer comprises the following steps:
step one, placing biological fertilizers, pulling a sliding plate to enable a placing screen plate at the upper end to extend from the interior of a storage barrel, placing the biological fertilizers in layers in the placing screen plate by a worker, pushing the sliding plate to the interior after the placement is finished, and closing a sealing barrel cover;
step two, before vacuumizing, starting an air compressor, and cooling the storage cylinder through a first heat exchanger until the internal temperature of the storage cylinder reaches-35 ℃;
step three, starting a vacuum pump, performing vacuum treatment on the internal environment of the storage cylinder, and keeping the vacuum degree for continuously vacuumizing for 30-50min when the vacuum degree reaches 18 Pa;
step four, starting a first driving motor and a second driving motor in a freezing process, wherein an output shaft of the first driving motor and the second driving motor respectively drives a sector gear to rotate, a tooth socket at the lower end of a lower movable mounting rack drives a material storage cylinder to move towards one side of a sliding support rod under the meshing action of the tooth socket and the sector gear, the material storage cylinder is influenced by the number of ring teeth of the sector gear, after the material storage cylinder moves to a certain distance, the sector gear is not meshed with the tooth socket, the moving direction of an upper sector gear is opposite to that of the lower sector gear, the upper sector gear drives the material storage cylinder to move towards the other side while the material storage cylinder resets towards the center, and similarly, when the material storage cylinder moves to a certain distance, the movable mounting rack resets towards the middle position under the resetting action of a spring;
step five, after freezing, the air compressor reversely operates, the pressurized high-temperature gaseous refrigerant is conveyed to the first heat exchanger, the temperature of the storage cylinder is rapidly increased, the infrared emission tube is started, under the mutual cooperation of the storage cylinder and the infrared emission tube, the temperature of the biological fertilizer in the storage cylinder can be rapidly increased, the biological fertilizer is heated to 30 ℃ and is kept warm for 5 hours, so that the moisture of the biological fertilizer in the storage cylinder is sublimated, and the biological fertilizer is left in an ice shelf during freezing, so that the biological fertilizer is dried, unchanged in volume, loose and porous;
and step six, taking out the water vapor after the water vapor sublimation is finished, bagging and warehousing.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adopts a vacuum freeze drying mode to dry the biological fertilizer, the biological fertilizer to be dried is respectively placed on a placing screen plate in a storage cylinder, a sealing cylinder cover is closed, the storage cylinder is kept in a sealing state, at the moment, an air compressor is started to convey the refrigerant in a refrigerant storage tank, the refrigerant is kept in a high-temperature and high-pressure state, when the refrigerant flows through a second heat exchanger, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is converted into a liquid state in the second heat exchanger and simultaneously emits a large amount of heat, then the refrigerant is throttled and reduced in pressure by an expansion valve, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is distributed into a first heat exchanger outside the storage cylinder through a second medium conveying hose to be evaporated and absorbed, and the heat in the biological fertilizer placed on the placing screen plate is taken out of the storage cylinder, so that the biological, the low-pressure refrigerant evaporated in the first heat exchanger flows into a refrigerant storage tank and is pressurized by an air compressor to finish the freezing step, a vacuum pump is started while freezing, the interior of the storage cylinder reaches a certain vacuum degree through an air exhaust hose, oxygen in a vacuum environment is little, so that some easily oxidized fertilizer substances are protected, after freezing is carried out for a set time, the air compressor reversely operates to convey the pressurized high-temperature gaseous refrigerant to the first heat exchanger to quickly raise the temperature of the storage cylinder, and simultaneously, the infrared emission tube is started, so that the temperature of the biological fertilizer in the storage cylinder can be quickly raised under the mutual cooperation of the two, the temperature is raised to a set value and is kept warm according to a fixed time, so that the moisture of the biological fertilizer in the storage cylinder is sublimated, and the biological fertilizer is left in an ice shelf when freezing, therefore, the volume of the biological fertilizer is unchanged after the biological fertilizer is dried, and the biological fertilizer is loose and porous, so that the growth of microorganisms and the action of enzymes cannot be carried out in the freeze drying process, the original properties can be kept, and the heat-sensitive microorganisms in the biological fertilizer can be prevented from losing activity due to high temperature, and the product quality of the biological fertilizer can be effectively ensured.
2. By adopting the shaking mechanism in the process of carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the biological fertilizer, the output shafts of the first driving motor and the second driving motor are respectively driven by the first driving motor and the second driving motor to rotate, the toothed rings on the two sector gears are distributed in a sector shape, the toothed rings of the sector gears are matched with the toothed grooves on the movable mounting frame, the toothed grooves at the lower end of the movable mounting frame at the lower part drive the material storage barrel to move towards one side on the sliding support rod under the meshing action of the toothed grooves and the sector gears in the rotating process, the toothed rings are influenced by the number of the toothed rings of the sector gears, the sector gears are not meshed with the toothed grooves after moving to a certain distance, the movable mounting frame is reset towards the middle position under the resetting action of the external spring of the sliding support rod, the moving directions of the upper sector gear and the lower sector gear are opposite, and the upper sector gear drives, in the same way when removing certain distance, under the reset action of the outside spring of sliding support pole, make movable mounting frame reset towards the intermediate position, with this reciprocating cycle, through this kind of mode, under sector gear and movable mounting frame's cooperation, all form the acceleration in the twinkling of an eye of initial end at both ends, thereby because of inertia to the inside quick vibrations that produces of storage cylinder, make the biological fertilizer who places on the otter board during vibrations take place to remove, make biological fertilizer can evenly lay on placing the otter board, drying efficiency who accelerates on the one hand, on the other hand avoids appearing dry uneven problem.
3. By arranging the movable infrared transmitting tube, when the material storage barrel is heated, the two servo motors are started, the output shafts of the servo motors drive the two screw rods to synchronously rotate, under the matching of the screw rod and the sliding blocks, the rotary motion is converted into linear motion, the two sliding blocks drive the infrared generating tube between the two sliding blocks to perform transverse reciprocating translational motion, the material storage cylinder is heated, two groups of infrared emission tubes are arranged in the two groups of moving mechanisms in a reverse direction, meanwhile, the servo motors on the two moving mechanisms also rotate in opposite directions, so that in the actual heating process, when one infrared emission tube is positioned at one side of the storage cylinder, the other infrared emission tube is positioned at the other side of the storage cylinder, under the cooperation of two infrared emission pipes, can carry out the even heating to the storage cylinder, ensure the stationarity of sublimation reaction.
4. Through the internally mounted at the storage section of thick bamboo there is the slidingtype slide, the upper end of slide is provided with places the otter board for place bio-feritlizer, when the staff uses, through the pulling slide, the both sides of slide are provided with the gyro wheel, under the cooperation of gyro wheel and sliding tray, make the slide can carry out nimble flexible slip between the stopper, when placing and taking out the slide, labour saving and time saving reduces staff's work burden, and whole convenience is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of an internal structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the internal structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the internal structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a moving mechanism provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the cartridge according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the area A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of the area B in fig. 5 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a drying apparatus for bio-fertilizer and a method of using the same, comprising: the device comprises a shell 1 and a storage barrel 2 arranged in the shell 1, wherein a sealing barrel cover 3 is rotatably arranged on one side of the storage barrel 2, movable mounting frames 5 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the storage barrel 2, and the movable mounting frames 5 are welded and fixed with the storage barrel 2;
the first heat exchanger 4 is wound and arranged outside the storage barrel 2, and the first heat exchanger 4 and the storage barrel 2 are fixed through screws;
the sliding support rods 6 are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the material storage barrel 2, one ends of the sliding support rods 6 penetrate through and extend to the other side of the movable mounting rack 5, the sliding support rods 6 are connected with the movable mounting rack 5 in a sliding mode, and the two ends of each sliding support rod 6 are fixed to the shell 1 through bolts;
the installation cavity 13 is arranged at the lower end inside the shell 1, a second heat exchanger 16 is installed on one side of the installation cavity 13, an air compressor 14 is installed on one side of the second heat exchanger 16, a refrigerant storage tank 15 is installed on one side of the air compressor 14, a vacuum pump 23 is installed on the other side of the installation cavity 13, when the air compressor 14 runs in the forward direction, the first heat exchanger 4 is in a heat absorption state, the second heat exchanger 16 is in a heat release state, and when the air compressor 14 runs in the reverse direction, the first heat exchanger 4 is in a heat release state, and the second heat exchanger 16 is in a heat absorption state;
the moving mechanism 12 is arranged at the front end and the rear end of the storage cylinder 2, the moving mechanism 12 and the shell 1 are fixed through screws, and an infrared emission tube 28 is arranged on one side of the moving mechanism 12 close to the storage cylinder 2.
In the above scheme, on the one hand can guarantee to dry bio-fertilizer under the prerequisite that microbial activity does not change, ensure product processingquality, on the other hand can guarantee the dry homogeneity of bio-fertilizer in drying process to reach good moisture control effect.
In a preferable scheme, the second heat exchanger 16 and the air compressor 14, the air compressor 14 and the refrigerant storage tank 15, and the refrigerant storage tank 15 and the first heat exchanger 4 are respectively fixed in a sealing manner through a first medium conveying hose 19, the first heat exchanger 4 and the second heat exchanger 16 are fixed in a sealing manner through a second medium conveying hose 20, an expansion valve 21 and an electromagnetic valve 22 are respectively and fixedly installed outside the second medium conveying hose 20, a fan 18 is installed between the second heat exchanger 16 and the air compressor 14, the two fans 18 are installed, and heat dissipation windows 17 are respectively arranged at the bottoms of two sides of the housing 1.
In the scheme, the air compressor conveys the refrigerant in the refrigerant storage tank and keeps the refrigerant in a high-temperature and high-pressure state, when the refrigerant flows through the second heat exchanger, the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is converted into a liquid state in the second heat exchanger and simultaneously emits a large amount of heat, then the refrigerant is throttled and reduced in pressure by the expansion valve, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant is distributed into the first heat exchanger outside the storage cylinder through the second medium conveying hose to be evaporated and absorbed, the heat in the biological fertilizer placed on the net plate is taken out of the storage cylinder, so that the biological fertilizer in the storage cylinder is gradually cooled to achieve the aim of a frozen state, the low-pressure refrigerant evaporated in the first heat exchanger flows into the refrigerant storage tank and is pressurized by the air compressor to finish a freezing step, after the biological fertilizer is frozen for a set time, the air compressor reversely, the temperature of the storage barrel is enabled to rise rapidly, the infrared transmitting tube is started simultaneously, under the mutual matching of the storage barrel and the infrared transmitting tube, the temperature of the biological fertilizer in the storage barrel can be rapidly increased, the temperature is increased to a set value and is kept warm according to fixed time, so that the water of the biological fertilizer in the storage barrel is sublimated, the biological fertilizer is left in an ice shelf when being frozen, and the biological fertilizer is not changed in volume after being dried and is loose and porous.
In a preferred scheme, the outside of movable mounting frame 5 all is provided with tooth's socket 8, first driving motor 9 is installed to the top of 2 upper ends movable mounting frame 5 of storage cylinder, and first driving motor 9 passes through the bolt fastening with shell 1, second driving motor 10 is installed to the below of 2 lower extreme movable mounting frames 5 of storage cylinder, and second driving motor 10 passes through the bolt fastening with shell 1, the equal fixed mounting of output shaft of first driving motor 9 and second driving motor 10 has sector gear 11, and sector gear 11 all is connected with the meshing of tooth's socket 8, first driving motor 9 is reverse with second driving motor 10 with the same speed rotation, and when sector gear 11 and the meshing of tooth's socket 8 on the first driving motor 9, sector gear 11 and the meshing of tooth's socket 8 do not take place on the second driving motor 10.
In above-mentioned scheme, through this kind of mode, under sector gear and movable mounting frame's cooperation, all form the acceleration in the twinkling of an eye of initial end at both ends to because of inertia to the inside quick vibrations that produces of storage cylinder, make the biological fertilizer who places on the otter board during vibrations take place to remove, make biological fertilizer can lay uniformly on placing the otter board, the drying efficiency who accelerates on the one hand, on the other hand avoids appearing dry uneven problem.
In a preferred scheme, lead screw 29 is all installed to the inside upper and lower end of moving mechanism 12, and the one end of lead screw 29 rotates with moving mechanism 12 and is connected, the other end of lead screw 29 is provided with servo motor 27, and servo motor 27 passes through the fix with screw with moving mechanism 12, and servo motor 27's output shaft passes through the shaft coupling transmission with the other end of lead screw 29 and is connected, the externally mounted of lead screw 29 has sliding block 30, and sliding block 30 and lead screw 29 looks adaptation, the both ends of infrared emission tube 28 pass through the fix with screw with sliding block 30 respectively, storage cylinder 2 front end infrared emission tube 28 is each other reverse motion with storage cylinder 2 rear end infrared emission tube 28.
In above-mentioned scheme, so when actual heating in-process, an infrared emission pipe was located storage cylinder one side, another infrared emission pipe was located the opposite side of storage cylinder, through this kind of mode, under the cooperation of two infrared emission pipes, can carry out the even heating to the storage cylinder, ensures sublimation reaction's stationarity.
In a preferred scheme, the inside of storage cylinder 2 is provided with six sets of stopper 33, and every stopper 33 of group is provided with two, two install slide 31 between the stopper 33, and slide 31 and stopper 33 sliding connection, the inside of stopper 33 all is provided with sliding tray 34, the both sides of slide 31 are all rotated and are installed gyro wheel 35, and gyro wheel 35 and sliding tray 34 sliding connection, the upper end of slide 31 all is provided with places otter board 32.
In the above scheme, the upper end of slide is provided with places the otter board for place bio-feritlizer, when the staff uses, through the pulling slide, the both sides of slide are provided with the gyro wheel, under the cooperation of gyro wheel and sliding tray, make the slide can carry out nimble flexible slip between the stopper, when placing and taking out the slide, labour saving and time saving reduces staff's work burden, and whole convenience obtains improving.
In a preferable scheme, an air exhaust hose 24 is arranged at the upper end of the vacuum pump 23, and two ends of the air exhaust hose 24 are respectively fixed with the sealing cylinder cover 3 and the vacuum pump 23 in a sealing manner.
In the above scheme, the vacuum pump is started during freezing, the inside of the storage cylinder reaches a certain vacuum degree through the air exhaust hose, and oxygen is little under the vacuum environment, so that some easily oxidized fertilizer substances are protected.
In a preferred scheme, springs 7 are arranged outside the sliding support rods 6, and two ends of each spring 7 are fixedly connected with the shell 1 and the movable mounting rack 5 respectively.
In the scheme, the movable mounting frame is reset towards the middle position under the reset action of the spring outside the sliding support rod.
In a preferred scheme, a vacuum gauge 25 and an exhaust valve 26 are respectively installed on one side of the housing 1, one end of the vacuum gauge 25 and one end of the exhaust valve 26 extend to the interior of the storage cylinder 2, and the middle parts of the vacuum gauge 25 and the exhaust valve 26 are connected with the housing 1 in a sliding mode.
In above-mentioned scheme, the vacuum gauge can detect the vacuum in the storage cylinder, and the discharge valve can discharge vapor.
The use method of the drying device for the biological fertilizer is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, placing biological fertilizer, pulling a sliding plate 31 to enable a placing screen plate 32 at the upper end to extend from the interior of a storage barrel 2, placing the biological fertilizer in layers in the placing screen plate 32 by a worker, pushing the sliding plate 31 to the interior after the placement is finished, and closing a sealing barrel cover 3;
step two, before vacuumizing, starting an air compressor 14, and cooling the storage cylinder 2 through a first heat exchanger 4 until the internal temperature of the storage cylinder 2 reaches-35 ℃;
step three, starting the vacuum pump 23, performing vacuum treatment on the internal environment of the storage cylinder 2, and keeping the vacuum degree for continuously vacuumizing for 30-50min when the vacuum degree reaches 18 Pa;
step four, in the freezing process, the first driving motor 9 and the second driving motor 10 are started, output shafts of the first driving motor and the second driving motor respectively drive the sector gear 11 to rotate, the tooth spaces 8 at the lower end of the lower movable mounting frame 5 drive the material storage barrel 2 to move towards one side of the sliding support rod 6 under the meshing action of the sector gear 11, the tooth ring number of the sector gear 11 influences, after the material storage barrel 2 moves to a certain distance, the sector gear 11 is not meshed with the tooth spaces 8, the moving directions of the upper sector gear 11 and the lower sector gear 11 are opposite, the upper sector gear 11 drives the material storage barrel 2 to move towards the other side when the material storage barrel 2 returns towards the center, and similarly, when the material storage barrel moves to a certain distance, the movable mounting frame 5 returns towards the middle position under the returning action of the spring 7 outside the sliding support rod 6, and the reciprocating circulation is carried out;
step five, after freezing, the air compressor 14 operates reversely, the pressurized high-temperature gaseous refrigerant is conveyed to the first heat exchanger 4, the temperature of the storage cylinder 2 is rapidly increased, the infrared emission tube 28 is started at the same time, under the mutual cooperation of the two, the temperature of the biological fertilizer in the storage cylinder can be rapidly increased, the temperature is increased to 30 ℃ and is kept for 5 hours, so that the moisture of the biological fertilizer in the storage cylinder 2 is sublimated, and the biological fertilizer is left in an ice shelf during freezing, so that the biological fertilizer is unchanged in volume and is loose and porous after being dried;
and step six, taking out the water vapor after the water vapor sublimation is finished, bagging and warehousing.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. Drying apparatus for biological manure, characterized in that it comprises:
the sealing device comprises a shell and a storage barrel arranged in the shell, wherein a sealing barrel cover is rotatably arranged on one side of the storage barrel, and movable mounting racks are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the storage barrel and are welded and fixed with the storage barrel;
the first heat exchanger is wound and arranged outside the storage barrel, and the first heat exchanger and the storage barrel are fixed through screws;
the sliding support rods are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the material storage barrel, one ends of the sliding support rods penetrate through and extend to the other side of the movable mounting rack, the sliding support rods are connected with the movable mounting rack in a sliding mode, and the two ends of the sliding support rods are fixed to the shell through bolts respectively;
the installation cavity is arranged at the lower end in the shell, a second heat exchanger is installed on one side of the installation cavity, an air compressor is installed on one side of the second heat exchanger, a refrigerant storage tank is installed on one side of the air compressor, a vacuum pump is installed on the other side of the installation cavity, the first heat exchanger is in a heat absorption state and the second heat exchanger is in a heat release state when the air compressor runs in the forward direction, and the first heat exchanger is in a heat release state and the second heat exchanger is in a heat absorption state when the air compressor runs in the reverse direction;
the moving mechanism is arranged at the front end and the rear end of the storage cylinder and is fixed with the shell through screws, and an infrared transmitting tube is arranged on one side, close to the storage cylinder, of the moving mechanism.
2. The drying device for biofertilizer of claim 1, wherein the second heat exchanger and the air compressor, the air compressor and the refrigerant storage tank, and the refrigerant storage tank and the first heat exchanger are sealed and fixed by first medium conveying hoses, the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger are sealed and fixed by second medium conveying hoses, the outside of the second medium conveying hoses is fixedly provided with the expansion valve and the electromagnetic valve, the second heat exchanger and the air compressor are provided with the fans, the two fans are arranged, and the bottom parts of the two sides of the housing are provided with the heat dissipation windows.
3. The drying device for biofertilizer of claim 1, wherein tooth grooves are formed in the outer side of each movable mounting frame, a first driving motor is mounted above the movable mounting frame at the upper end of the storage barrel and fixed with the outer shell through bolts, a second driving motor is mounted below the movable mounting frame at the lower end of the storage barrel and fixed with the outer shell through bolts, sector gears are fixedly mounted on output shafts of the first driving motor and the second driving motor and meshed with the tooth grooves, the first driving motor and the second driving motor rotate at the same reverse speed, and when the sector gears on the first driving motor are meshed with the tooth grooves, the sector gears on the second driving motor are not meshed with the tooth grooves.
4. The drying device for biofertilizer as claimed in claim 1, wherein a screw is mounted at each of the upper and lower ends inside the moving mechanism, one end of the screw is rotatably connected with the moving mechanism, a servo motor is mounted at the other end of the screw, the servo motor and the moving mechanism are fixed by screws, the output shaft of the servo motor is in transmission connection with the other end of the screw through a coupling, a sliding block is mounted outside the screw and is matched with the screw, the two ends of the infrared emission tube are respectively fixed with the sliding block by screws, and the infrared emission tube at the front end of the storage cylinder and the infrared emission tube at the rear end of the storage cylinder are in reciprocal motion.
5. The drying device for the bio-fertilizer as claimed in claim 4, wherein six sets of limiting blocks are arranged inside the storage barrel, two limiting blocks are arranged in each set, a sliding plate is installed between the two limiting blocks and is slidably connected with the limiting blocks, sliding grooves are arranged inside the limiting blocks, rollers are rotatably installed on both sides of the sliding plate and are slidably connected with the sliding grooves, and a placing screen plate is arranged at the upper end of the sliding plate.
6. The drying apparatus for biofertilizer of claim 1, wherein an air suction hose is provided at an upper end of the vacuum pump, and both ends of the air suction hose are hermetically fixed to the sealing cylinder cover and the vacuum pump, respectively.
7. The drying apparatus for biofertilizer of claim 3, wherein the sliding support bar is provided with a spring at its outer portion, and both ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the housing and the movable mounting frame, respectively.
8. The drying apparatus for biofertilizer of claim 1, wherein a vacuum gauge and an exhaust valve are installed at one side of the housing, respectively, and one end of the vacuum gauge and one end of the exhaust valve both extend to the inside of the storage barrel, and the middle parts of the vacuum gauge and the exhaust valve are slidably connected with the housing.
9. Use of a drying device for biofertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, placing biological fertilizers, pulling a sliding plate to enable a placing screen plate at the upper end to extend from the interior of a storage barrel, placing the biological fertilizers in layers in the placing screen plate by a worker, pushing the sliding plate to the interior after the placement is finished, and closing a sealing barrel cover;
step two, before vacuumizing, starting an air compressor, and cooling the storage cylinder through a first heat exchanger until the internal temperature of the storage cylinder reaches-35 ℃;
step three, starting a vacuum pump, performing vacuum treatment on the internal environment of the storage cylinder, and keeping the vacuum degree for continuously vacuumizing for 30-50min when the vacuum degree reaches 18 Pa;
step four, starting a first driving motor and a second driving motor in a freezing process, wherein an output shaft of the first driving motor and the second driving motor respectively drives a sector gear to rotate, a tooth socket at the lower end of a lower movable mounting rack drives a material storage cylinder to move towards one side of a sliding support rod under the meshing action of the tooth socket and the sector gear, the material storage cylinder is influenced by the number of ring teeth of the sector gear, after the material storage cylinder moves to a certain distance, the sector gear is not meshed with the tooth socket, the moving direction of an upper sector gear is opposite to that of the lower sector gear, the upper sector gear drives the material storage cylinder to move towards the other side while the material storage cylinder resets towards the center, and similarly, when the material storage cylinder moves to a certain distance, the movable mounting rack resets towards the middle position under the resetting action of a spring;
step five, after freezing, the air compressor reversely operates, the pressurized high-temperature gaseous refrigerant is conveyed to the first heat exchanger, the temperature of the storage cylinder is rapidly increased, the infrared emission tube is started, under the mutual cooperation of the storage cylinder and the infrared emission tube, the temperature of the biological fertilizer in the storage cylinder can be rapidly increased, the biological fertilizer is heated to 30 ℃ and is kept warm for 5 hours, so that the moisture of the biological fertilizer in the storage cylinder is sublimated, and the biological fertilizer is left in an ice shelf during freezing, so that the biological fertilizer is dried, unchanged in volume, loose and porous;
and step six, taking out the water vapor after the water vapor sublimation is finished, bagging and warehousing.
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| CN202110081999.7A CN112833625A (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2021-01-21 | Drying device for biological fertilizer and using method thereof |
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| CN202110081999.7A CN112833625A (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2021-01-21 | Drying device for biological fertilizer and using method thereof |
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