CN112832881B - Supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and operation method - Google Patents
Supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and operation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112832881B CN112832881B CN202110108788.8A CN202110108788A CN112832881B CN 112832881 B CN112832881 B CN 112832881B CN 202110108788 A CN202110108788 A CN 202110108788A CN 112832881 B CN112832881 B CN 112832881B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
- F01K25/103—Carbon dioxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and an operation method. The system comprises: the system comprises a precooling system, a heat exchange system, a backheating system, a compression system, a turbine system and a generator which are connected through a shaft. The invention carries out classification through the heat exchange system, the turbine system and the regenerative system, reasonably divides and collects the working medium flow in the whole system, can realize cascade utilization of waste heat energy while ensuring the simplicity of the system, can achieve the aim of adapting to different waste heat source grades by simply increasing and decreasing parts in the system, can fully utilize waste heat, ensures that the waste heat energy is recovered to the maximum degree, and improves the energy utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy power generation, in particular to a high-efficiency power generation system based on supercritical carbon dioxide and an operation method.
Background
Energy is the basis of human survival and economic development, and the world energy demand continuously increases along with the economic development. At present, the utilization rate of coal energy is relatively low, waste heat sources generally exist in the current industry and other fields, at least 50% of input energy is not effectively utilized as a thermal power plant in a main power generation form, and other coal consuming households such as the metallurgical industry release huge waste heat in production processes. Therefore, the waste heat utilization efficiency is improved, the method is one of the main means for increasing the coal utilization efficiency at present, and the method has great significance for the aspects of energy conservation, emission reduction, environmental protection and the like. At present, most of waste heat utilization schemes adopt waste heat to heat water to generate steam for power generation, however, the physical property characteristics of phase change of the water in the circulation process and the limit of material development are generated, so that the efficiency improvement of Rankine cycle with water as a working medium almost reaches the bottleneck, and the energy cycle based on a novel working medium is urgently needed to be developed.
At present, the supercritical carbon dioxide is considered as the most potential energy cycle working medium in the future by the characteristics of easy obtainment of the supercritical state, large energy density, stable property, no toxicity, no corrosion, simple system structure, compact structure and the like, and the research aiming at the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation is gradually paid attention by the learners. However, as a result of research, the content of the industrial waste heat utilization by using supercritical carbon dioxide in the current patent achievements published at home and abroad is relatively less, and the existing patents hardly consider the problem of energy gradient utilization, or integrate other cycles to cause the system to be too complex and lose the advantages of a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system, or do not consider the problem that the existing system is not applicable when the temperature of a heat source is greatly changed due to the heat source grade of the waste heat, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of the existing supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system for waste heat recovery, the invention aims to provide a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system adopting composite multi-path cascade and an operation method, which can realize cascade utilization of waste heat energy while ensuring the simplicity of the system, and can achieve the purposes of adapting to different waste heat source grades and fully utilizing waste heat by simply increasing or decreasing system parts.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system comprising: the system comprises a precooling system, a compression system, a heat exchange system, a backheating system, a turbine system and a power generation system;
the compression system, the turbine system and the power generation system are connected through a shaft;
the heat exchange system comprises a multi-stage heat exchanger, and the heat regeneration system comprises a multi-stage heat regenerator; the number of stages of the heat exchanger is equal to that of the heat regenerator, or the number of stages of the heat exchanger is one more than that of the heat regenerator; each stage of heat exchanger and the same stage of heat regenerator are connected in parallel through a pipeline to form a group of thermal assemblies, and the heat regeneration system is connected with the pipeline through a first inlet and a first outlet;
the turbine system comprises a multi-stage turbine, the stage number of the turbine is the same as that of a heat regenerator, the outlet of a last stage heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of a last stage turbine, the outlet of the last stage turbine is connected in series from the last heat regenerator to a first stage heat regenerator through a pipeline, each stage of heat regenerator is connected with the pipeline through a second inlet and a second outlet, the first stage heat regenerator is connected with a precooling system through a second outlet, and the precooling system is connected with a compression system;
each stage of heat regenerator is also connected with the outlet of the same stage of turbine through a second inlet, and the inlet of the turbine is connected with the first outlet of the next stage of heat regenerator or a pipeline heated and converged by the next group of thermal assemblies so as to heat the working medium in the same stage of heat regenerator through the residual heat after the same stage of turbine works.
Optionally, the turbine system comprises m stages of turbines which are connected in sequence, the heat exchange system comprises n stages of heat exchangers, the heat recovery system comprises m stages of heat regenerators which are connected in sequence, n is greater than or equal to 2, m is greater than or equal to 2, and m is equal to n-1 or m is equal to n;
when m is equal to n-1, the compression system is sequentially connected with a first group of thermal assemblies to an m-th group of thermal assemblies in series through a main pipeline, wherein the main pipeline is respectively connected with the inlets of the heat exchangers in each group of thermal assemblies and the first inlet of the heat regenerator through branch pipelines by adopting a flow divider, and the outlets of the heat exchangers in each group of thermal assemblies and the first outlet of the heat regenerator are connected to the main pipeline through a manifold;
the inlet of the nth stage heat exchanger is connected with the main pipeline after the mth group of thermal assemblies are collected, the outlet of the nth stage heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the mth stage turbine, and the mth stage turbine is connected with the mth to first stage heat regenerator, the precooling system and the compression system in series through the outlet of the mth stage turbine; the main pipeline collected by the second group of thermal assemblies to the main pipeline collected by the n-1 group of thermal assemblies are respectively connected with the inlets of the first to the m-1 stage turbines, and the outlets of the first to the m-1 stage turbines are respectively connected with the pipelines at the second outlets of the second to the m-stage heat regenerators;
when m is equal to n, the compression system is sequentially connected with first to m-1 groups of thermal assemblies in series through a main pipeline, the main pipeline is respectively connected with the inlets of the heat exchangers in each group of thermal assemblies and the first inlet of the heat regenerator through branch pipelines by adopting a flow divider, and the outlet of the heat exchanger in each group of thermal assemblies and the first outlet of the heat regenerator are connected to the main pipeline through a manifold by adopting branch pipelines;
an inlet of the nth-stage heat exchanger and a first inlet of the mth-stage heat regenerator are respectively connected with the main pipeline through branch pipelines and flow dividers, an outlet of the nth-stage heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the mth-stage turbine, and the mth-stage turbine is connected with the mth to first-stage heat regenerators, the precooling system and the compression system in series through an outlet;
inlets of first to m-2 stage turbines are respectively connected with a main pipeline after the second to m-1 group of thermal assemblies are converged through pipelines, inlets of the m-1 stage turbines are connected with a first outlet of an m-stage heat regenerator through pipelines, and outlets of the first to m-1 stage turbines are respectively connected to pipelines at second inlets and second outlets of the second to m-stage heat regenerators.
Alternatively, m aggregators may be included, but are not limited thereto. Further, m collectors connect the first to m-th groups of thermal assemblies to the main pipeline through branch pipes, respectively.
Optionally, the first to nth stages of heat exchangers are connected in series through a waste heat pipeline, and the temperature of the supercritical carbon dioxide at the outlets of the first to nth stages of heat exchangers is gradually increased.
Optionally, the compression system is single stage or multi-stage compression, wherein a single stage employs a compressor for compression, multiple stages employ multiple compressors for compression, and interstage cooling between each set of compressors.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of operating a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system, comprising:
the working medium is compressed to a supercritical state by a compression system and then enters a thermal assembly, and the thermal assembly is heated by waste heat in a heat exchanger and waste heat of a regenerative system recovery turbine system;
the heated waste water flows out and enters a turbine system to do work, and the turbine system drives a power generation system to generate power;
after the work of the turbine system is finished, the working medium enters the heat regenerative system through the second inlet to release waste heat, then enters the precooling system to be cooled, and enters the compression system after being cooled to be recycled.
Optionally, when m is equal to n-1, the working medium is compressed by a compressor and then sequentially enters the first to mth groups of thermal assemblies for heating; working media in each stage of heat regenerator are heated by fluid after working through the turbines at the same stage; the working medium is heated in the mth group of heat assemblies and then collected, and then is heated by the nth-stage heat exchanger, and then enters the mth-stage turbine to perform expansion work so as to drive the generator to generate power; after doing work, the working medium sequentially releases heat through the mth to first-stage heat regenerators, then is cooled by the precooling system and then enters the compression system again for compression, and a new cycle is continued;
when m is equal to n, the working medium is compressed by the compressor and then sequentially enters the first to the (m-1) th groups of thermal assemblies for heating; working media in each stage of heat regenerator are heated by fluid after working through the turbines at the same stage; the working medium is heated in the (m-1) th group of thermal assemblies and then collected, and then enters the nth-stage heat exchanger and the mth-stage heat regenerator respectively for heating; the working medium enters an m-1 stage turbine to do work after being heated by the m-stage heat regenerator; the working medium enters an mth stage turbine after being heated by the nth stage heat exchanger, and is expanded to do work to drive the generator to generate electricity; after working medium works in the turbine, the working medium is sequentially released by the mth to first-stage heat regenerators to heat the working medium in the same-stage heat regenerator, and then the working medium is cooled by the precooling system and then enters the compression system again to be compressed, so that a new cycle is continued.
Optionally, the first-nth-stage heat exchangers are arranged along with the gradual rise of the temperature of the working medium at the outlet of the heat exchanger; the first-m-stage heat regenerators are arranged along with the gradual reduction of the temperature of the working medium at the outlet of the heat regenerator; the first stage turbine to the mth stage turbine are arranged along with the gradual rise of the temperature of the working medium at the inlet of the turbine.
Optionally, in the method, the value of n is determined according to the energy level of the waste heat. Further, n is more than or equal to 2. Furthermore, the common economic value of n is 2-4.
Compared with the prior art, the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system and the operation method thereof have the advantages that the heat exchange system, the turbine system and the regenerative system are graded, and the working medium flow in the whole system is reasonably divided and collected, so that the system indirection is ensured, the cascade utilization of waste heat energy is fully realized, the waste heat energy is recovered to the maximum degree, and the energy utilization rate is improved. The system only uses the supercritical carbon dioxide as a working medium and only consists of basic components required by the supercritical carbon dioxide system, and the connection among the heat exchanger, the turbine and the heat regenerator has the modularization characteristic, so that the system is simple. The invention can basically adapt to the waste heat energy sources with different temperature levels and the energy level of the system, which are common in the industrial field at present, and has strong adaptability by simply adjusting the turbine level, the heat regenerator level and the waste heat exchanger level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the construction of a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In fig. 1-3, 11 is a primary heat exchanger, 12 is a secondary heat exchanger, 13 is a tertiary heat exchanger, 21 is a primary turbine, 22 is a secondary turbine, 31 is a primary regenerator, 32 is a secondary regenerator, 4 is a precooler, 5 is a compressor, 6 is a routing system, 61 is a main pipeline, 62 is a branch pipeline, 63 is a flow divider, 64 is a collector, 65 is a pipeline, and 7 is a generator.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system adopts composite multi-path cascade, and comprises: the system comprises a heat exchange system, a turbine system, a power generation device, a heat regeneration system, a precooling system, a compression system and a routing system 6.
The routing system 6 may comprise: main pipe 61, branch pipe 62, flow divider 63, collector 64, and pipe 65, etc. The power generation device may include a generator 7. The precooling system may include a precooler 4. In the compression system, the requirements of the industrial system on the outlet temperature of the waste heat source working medium can be divided into single-stage compression and multi-stage compression, wherein the single-stage compression can be adopted by the compressor 5, and the multi-stage compression can be adopted by the compressor 5 and the intercoolers with corresponding numbers according to different compression stages.
The number of the heat exchangers in the heat exchange system, i.e. the number of stages, can be arranged according to the energy level of the waste heat, for example, the number of the heat exchangers arranged is larger if the preheating energy level is higher, i.e. the number of stages is higher. Furthermore, the supercritical carbon dioxide temperature at the outlet of the heat exchanger can be divided into a first-stage heat exchanger 11, a second-stage heat exchanger 12, a third-stage heat exchanger 13 … … n-stage heat exchanger and the like (n is more than or equal to 2). As shown in fig. 1, the direction of the waste heat flow is from n stages to the primary heat exchanger 11.
The number of turbines in the turbine system, namely the number of stages, is changed along with the number of the waste heat exchangers, namely the turbines are one stage smaller than the heat exchangers. Further, the supercritical carbon dioxide temperature at the turbine inlet can be divided into a first-stage turbine 21, a second-stage turbine 22 … … m-stage turbine and the like, and the relationship between m and n is m-n-1 or m-n (m is more than or equal to 2).
The number of the regenerators in the regenerative system, namely the number of stages is equal to the number of the turbines. Further, the inlet carbon dioxide temperature at the heating side of the regenerator can be divided into a primary regenerator 31, a secondary regenerator 32 … … m-stage regenerator and the like according to the temperature of the inlet carbon dioxide at the heating side of the regenerator.
The operation method of the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system provided by the invention can comprise the following steps:
heating process:
after the supercritical carbon dioxide is compressed to a supercritical state by the compression system, the supercritical carbon dioxide is divided by the flow divider 63 of the routing system 6 and divided into two paths which respectively enter the primary heat exchanger 11 of the heater system and the primary heat regenerator 31 of the heat regenerative system; after flowing out of the primary heat exchanger 11 and the primary heat regenerator 31, the supercritical carbon dioxide is collected by the routing system 6, and is divided again to flow into the secondary heat exchanger 12 and the secondary heat regenerator 32 respectively; and then heating by sequentially adopting heat exchangers and a heat regenerator at all stages according to the shunting and collecting mode.
The power generation process comprises the following steps:
the outlet of the n-stage heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the m-stage turbine in the turbine system through the routing system 6, and the working medium works in the m-stage turbine to drive the power generation device to generate power.
The heat supply of the heat regenerator is the turbine heat release process:
the heat regenerator heats working medium after working through the same-stage turbine, namely the heat of the same-stage heat regenerator is released after the working of the turbine. Specifically, an m-stage turbine outlet is connected with a heat release side inlet of an m-stage heat regenerator through a routing system 6, and the m-stage heat regenerator is connected with an m-1-stage heat regenerator … … to a first-stage heat regenerator 31, a precooling system and a compression system in series through a heat release side outlet; the first inlet and outlet in the heat regenerator are an outlet and an inlet on the heat absorption side, and the second inlet and outlet in the heat regenerator are an outlet and an inlet on the heat release side.
And the outlet of the (m-1) stage turbine is connected to a pipeline between the m-stage regenerator and the m-1 stage regenerator through a routing system 6. When m is equal to n-1, the turbine inlet of the m-1 stage in the turbine system is connected with the main pipeline after the n-1 groups of thermal components are collected, and the turbine inlet can be connected to the collector exemplarily, but is not limited to this. When m is equal to n, the turbine inlet of the m-1 stage in the turbine system can also be directly connected with the heat absorption side outlet of the m-stage regenerator, namely the first outlet.
The technical solution of the present invention is described below with reference to the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings:
example 1
Fig. 1 schematically shows a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system configuration in example 1. As shown in fig. 1, in the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system according to this embodiment, m is 2 and n is 3.
Specifically, the heater system includes a primary heat exchanger 11, a secondary heat exchanger 12, and a tertiary heat exchanger 13. The turbine system includes a primary turbine 21 and a secondary turbine 22. The regenerative system includes a primary regenerator 31 and a secondary regenerator 32. The pre-cooling system comprises a pre-cooler 4. The compression system comprises a compressor 5. The routing system 6 comprises a main pipe 61, branch pipes 62, a flow divider 63, a collector 64 and a pipe 65 which are connected with each system. The power generation system may include a discharge machine. The primary turbine 21, the secondary turbine 22, the compressor 5, and the generator 7 are arranged coaxially in this embodiment, and the generator 7 is driven to generate electricity by performing work in the turbine system.
The specific working process of the operation method of the embodiment is as follows:
after being compressed by the compressor 5, the supercritical carbon dioxide is divided into two parts by the main pipeline 61 and the flow divider 63, wherein one part enters the first-stage heat exchanger 11 through the branch pipeline 62 and is heated by low-temperature waste heat, and the other part enters the first-stage heat regenerator 31 from the first inlet of the first-stage heat regenerator 31 through the branch pipeline 62 and is heated by the supercritical carbon dioxide of low temperature grade after expanding and acting in the first-stage turbine 21;
the heated two parts of supercritical carbon dioxide are converged by the converging device 64 and then are split into two parts by the splitter 63, one part enters the secondary heat exchanger 12 and is heated by the intermediate-temperature waste heat, and the other part enters the secondary heat regenerator 32 and is heated by the supercritical carbon dioxide with high temperature grade after acting;
the reheated two parts of supercritical carbon dioxide are collected by the collector 64, then one part of supercritical carbon dioxide enters the first-stage turbine 21, the other part of supercritical carbon dioxide enters the third-stage heat exchanger 13, the supercritical carbon dioxide is heated by high-temperature waste heat in the third-stage heat exchanger 13 and then enters the second-stage turbine 22, and the supercritical carbon dioxide drives the generator 7 to generate power after expansion work is completed in a turbine system.
After working, the supercritical carbon dioxide flowing out from the outlet of the secondary turbine 22 directly flows into the secondary heat regenerator 32 from the heat release side inlet of the secondary heat regenerator 32, the supercritical carbon dioxide flowing out from the outlet of the primary turbine 21 and the supercritical carbon dioxide flowing out from the heat release side outlet of the secondary heat regenerator 32 are converged by the routing system 6 and then flow into the primary heat regenerator 31 from the heat release side inlet of the primary heat regenerator 31 to release heat, the heat is released and then flows into the precooler 4, the cooled supercritical carbon dioxide enters the compressor 5 again to be compressed, and then a new cycle is performed.
Example 2
Fig. 2 schematically shows the structure of a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system in example 2. As shown in fig. 2, in the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system provided in this embodiment, m is 3, and n is 4, and the system can accommodate waste heat with a higher temperature level. The specific connection and operation mode is similar to that in embodiment 1, and is not described in detail.
Example 3
Fig. 3 schematically shows the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system configuration in example 3. As shown in fig. 3, in the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system provided in this embodiment, m is 2, and n is 2, the system may be adapted to waste heat with a lower temperature level. The difference from embodiment 1 is that the secondary heat exchanger 12 and the secondary heat regenerator 32 are heated respectively and then do not converge, but the outlet of the secondary heat exchanger 12 is directly connected to the inlet of the secondary turbine 22, the outlet of the heat absorption side of the secondary heat regenerator 32 is directly connected to the inlet of the primary turbine 21, and other connection and operation modes are similar to those of embodiment 1 and are not described again.
The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily understand the technical scope of the present invention, any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements that may be readily conceived of, such as changes in the application, changes in the type of waste heat source accommodated, changes in the grade of the waste heat source, changes in the number and form of heat exchangers, the number and form of turbines, the number and form of regenerators, changes in the number and form of compression stages, changes caused by increasing or decreasing various instrument controls and valve systems in a routing system, changes of changing the system routing but consistent with the functions and purposes achieved by the invention, changes of coaxial or non-coaxial of a compressor system, a turbine system and a power generation system, or changes of directly using the system for an energy production system without waste heat recovery and the like are all covered in the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system, comprising: a precooling system, a compression system, a heat exchange system, a backheating system, a turbine system and a power generation system,
the compression system, the turbine system and the power generation system are connected through a shaft;
the heat exchange system comprises a multi-stage heat exchanger, and the heat recovery system comprises a multi-stage heat regenerator; the number of stages of the heat exchanger is equal to that of the heat regenerator, or the number of stages of the heat exchanger is one more than that of the heat regenerator; each stage of heat exchanger and the same stage of heat regenerator are connected in parallel through a pipeline to form a group of thermal assemblies, and the heat regeneration system is connected with the pipeline through a first inlet and a first outlet;
the turbine system comprises a multi-stage turbine, the stage number of the turbine is the same as that of a heat regenerator, the outlet of a last stage heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of a last stage turbine, the outlet of the last stage turbine is connected in series from the last heat regenerator to a first stage heat regenerator through a pipeline, each stage of heat regenerator is connected with the pipeline through a second inlet and a second outlet, the first stage heat regenerator is connected with a precooling system through a second outlet, and the precooling system is connected with a compression system;
each stage of heat regenerator is also connected with the outlet of the same stage of turbine through a second inlet, and the inlet of the turbine is connected with the first outlet of the next stage of heat regenerator or a pipeline heated and converged by the next group of thermal assemblies so as to heat the working medium in the same stage of heat regenerator through the residual heat after the same stage of turbine works;
the turbine system comprises m stages of turbines which are connected in sequence, the heat exchange system comprises n stages of heat exchangers, the heat regeneration system comprises m stages of heat regenerators which are connected in sequence, n is more than or equal to 2, m is more than or equal to 2, and m is equal to n-1 or m is equal to n;
when m is equal to n-1, the compression system is sequentially connected with a first group of thermal assemblies to an m-th group of thermal assemblies in series through a main pipeline, wherein the main pipeline is respectively connected with the inlets of the heat exchangers in each group of thermal assemblies and the first inlet of the heat regenerator through branch pipelines by adopting a flow divider, and the outlets of the heat exchangers in each group of thermal assemblies and the first outlet of the heat regenerator are connected to the main pipeline through a manifold;
the inlet of the nth stage heat exchanger is connected with the main pipeline after the mth group of heat assemblies are converged, the outlet of the nth stage heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of the mth stage turbine, and the mth stage turbine is connected with the mth to first stage heat regenerator, the precooling system and the compression system in series through the outlet of the mth stage turbine;
the main pipeline collected by the second group of thermal assemblies to the main pipeline collected by the (n-1) th group of thermal assemblies are respectively connected with the inlets of the first to (m-1) th-stage turbines, and the outlets of the first to (m-1) th-stage turbines are respectively connected with the pipelines at the second outlets of the second to (m-1) th-stage heat regenerators;
when m is equal to n, the compression system is sequentially connected with first to m-1 groups of thermal assemblies in series through a main pipeline, the main pipeline is respectively connected with the inlets of the heat exchangers in each group of thermal assemblies and the first inlet of the heat regenerator through branch pipelines by adopting a flow divider, and the outlet of the heat exchanger in each group of thermal assemblies and the first outlet of the heat regenerator are connected to the main pipeline through a manifold by adopting branch pipelines;
an inlet of the nth-stage heat exchanger and a first inlet of the mth-stage heat regenerator are respectively connected with the main pipeline through branch pipelines and flow dividers, an outlet of the nth-stage heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of the mth-stage turbine, and the mth-stage turbine is connected with the mth to first-stage heat regenerators, the precooling system and the compression system in series through an outlet;
inlets of first to m-2 stage turbines are respectively connected with a main pipeline after the second to m-1 group of thermal assemblies are converged through pipelines, inlets of the m-1 stage turbines are connected with a first outlet of an m-stage heat regenerator through pipelines, and outlets of the first to m-1 stage turbines are respectively connected to pipelines at second inlets and second outlets of the second to m-stage heat regenerators.
2. The supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system according to claim 1, wherein the first to nth stage heat exchangers are connected in series by a waste heat pipeline, and the supercritical carbon dioxide temperature at the outlet of the first to nth stage heat exchangers is gradually increased.
3. The supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system according to claim 1 wherein the compression system is a single stage or multi-stage compression wherein a single stage employs a compressor for compression, multiple stages employ multiple compressors for compression and a cooler is employed between compressors for cooling.
4. A method of operating a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system as claimed in claim 1, comprising:
the working medium is compressed to a supercritical state by a compression system and then enters a thermal assembly, and the thermal assembly is heated by waste heat in a heat exchanger and waste heat of a regenerative system recovery turbine system;
the heated waste water flows out and enters a turbine system to do work, and the turbine system drives a power generation system to generate power;
after the work of the turbine system is finished, the working medium enters the heat regenerative system through the second inlet to release waste heat, then enters the precooling system to be cooled, and enters the compression system after being cooled to be recycled.
5. The method of operating a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system according to claim 4,
when m is equal to n-1, the working medium is compressed by a compressor and then sequentially enters the first to the mth groups of heat assemblies for heating; working media in each stage of heat regenerator are heated by fluid after working through the turbines at the same stage; the working medium is heated in the mth group of heat assemblies and then collected, and then is heated by the nth-stage heat exchanger, and then enters the mth-stage turbine to perform expansion work to drive the generator to generate power; after doing work, the working medium is sequentially released from the mth stage to the first stage of heat regenerator, then is cooled by the precooling system, enters the compression system again for compression, and continues to circulate for a new round;
when m is equal to n, the working medium is compressed by the compressor and then sequentially enters the first to the (m-1) th groups of thermal assemblies for heating; working media in each stage of heat regenerator are heated by fluid after working through the turbines at the same stage; the working medium is heated in the (m-1) th group of thermal assemblies and then collected, and then enters the nth-stage heat exchanger and the mth-stage heat regenerator respectively for heating; the working medium enters an m-1 stage turbine to do work after being heated by the m-stage heat regenerator; after being heated by the nth stage heat exchanger, the working medium enters the mth stage turbine to do work, and drives the generator to generate electricity; after the working medium does work in the turbine, the working medium is sequentially released through the mth to first-stage heat regenerators to heat the working medium in the same-stage heat regenerator, and then the working medium is cooled by the precooling system, enters the compression system again to be compressed, and continues to circulate for a new time.
6. The method for operating the supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system according to claim 5, wherein the first to nth stages of heat exchangers are arranged in a manner that the temperature of the working medium at the outlet of the heat exchanger gradually increases; the first-m-stage heat regenerators are arranged along with the gradual reduction of the temperature of the working medium at the outlet of the heat regenerator; the first stage turbine to the mth stage turbine are arranged along with the gradual rise of the temperature of the working medium at the inlet of the turbine.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the value of n is determined based on the energy level of the waste heat.
8. The method of operating a supercritical carbon dioxide power generation system according to claim 7 where n is 2 or greater.
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| CN107401431A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-11-28 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Supercritical carbon dioxide extensive overview Carnot cycle system |
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| CN208073574U (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-11-09 | 哈尔滨电气股份有限公司 | A kind of three regenerator supercritical carbon dioxide cycle generating system of three turbine |
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| CN107401431A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-11-28 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Supercritical carbon dioxide extensive overview Carnot cycle system |
| CN108425710A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-08-21 | 哈尔滨电气股份有限公司 | The double turbine supercritical carbon dioxide cycle generating systems of flue gas classified utilization for gas turbine waste heat recovery |
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