CN112832411A - Low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wallboard and method for building bearing wall - Google Patents
Low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wallboard and method for building bearing wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN112832411A CN112832411A CN202110177270.XA CN202110177270A CN112832411A CN 112832411 A CN112832411 A CN 112832411A CN 202110177270 A CN202110177270 A CN 202110177270A CN 112832411 A CN112832411 A CN 112832411A
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 125
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 197
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004794 expanded polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 46
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 46
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920006389 polyphenyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
- E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
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Abstract
The invention relates to a low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wallboard and a method for building a bearing wall body, wherein the wallboard comprises an inner leaf wall concrete layer, a supporting material layer, a heat insulation material layer and an outer leaf wall concrete layer which are sequentially arranged, inner and outer steel wire meshes are respectively and fixedly arranged in the inner and outer leaf wall concrete layers, the inner and outer steel wire meshes are fixed through a plurality of inserted wires, vertical grooves are respectively arranged on the left side surface and the right side surface of the wallboard, and an upper groove and a lower groove are respectively arranged on the upper part and the lower part of the wallboard; the method comprises the steps of removing a supporting material layer, aligning and installing wall plates, sleeving a lower groove on a foundation embedded steel bar frame, splicing vertical grooves of a left wall plate and a right wall plate into a through hole which penetrates through the vertical grooves vertically, penetrating horizontal steel bars into a space left after the supporting material layer is removed, and then casting concrete in the through hole and the through hole in situ. The invention can be used for building the bearing wall of the fabricated building, and can obtain the bearing wall with integrated structure heat preservation, strong integrity and good waterproof effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a structure and heat preservation integrated precast slab and a method for building a bearing wall by adopting the precast slab.
Background
Prefabricated bearing wall panel is widely used to in assembled building structure, and the waterproof processing mode of seam crossing is the encapsulating usually when splicing about current prefabricated bearing wall panel, complex operation on the one hand, on the other hand is short-lived, easy fracture, in case the fracture will lead to waterproof inefficacy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wallboard and a method for building a bearing wall body, and the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wallboard has the characteristics of simplicity in installation, good heat insulation performance, good waterproof treatment effect and the like.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wallboard comprises an inner leaf wall concrete layer, a heat insulation material layer and an outer leaf wall concrete layer, wherein the inner side surface of the outer leaf wall concrete layer is completely covered by the heat insulation material layer, a space is kept between the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the heat insulation material layer or the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the heat insulation material layer are filled with a support material layer which can be taken out, an inner steel wire mesh and an outer steel wire mesh are respectively and fixedly bonded in the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the outer leaf wall concrete layer, the inner steel wire mesh and the outer steel wire mesh are fixedly connected through a plurality of inserted wires, vertical grooves are respectively arranged on the left side surface and the right side surface of the inner leaf wall concrete layer, or vertical grooves are respectively arranged on the left side surface and the right side surface of the outer leaf wall concrete layer, the vertical grooves are through grooves, and the notches of the vertical grooves on the left side surface and the right side, the upper portion of insulating material layer sets up the two-stage ladder shape of interior low outer height, the upper portion of interior leaf wall concrete layer sets up the two-stage ladder shape of interior high outer low, the top surface of the higher one-level ladder of insulating material layer and the top surface parallel and level of outer leaf wall concrete layer, the top surface of the lower one-level ladder of interior leaf wall concrete layer with the top surface parallel and level of the lower one-level ladder of insulating material layer, and the two constitute the tank bottom surface of the ascending level upper groove of notch jointly, when there is the supporting material layer, the top surface of supporting material layer also constitutes partly of the tank bottom surface of the horizontal upper groove, the outside lower corner department of interior leaf wall concrete layer sets up the transversal inboard breach structure who personally submits the rectangle and left and right directions horizontal extension, and the side of inboard breach structure forms two sides of the horizontal lower groove of notch downwards with the side of insulating material layer, when the support material layer exists, the top surface of the inner notch structure is flush with the bottom surface of the support material layer, and the top surface and the bottom surface of the support material layer form the groove bottom surface of the horizontal lower groove together.
The top surface of the higher step of the inner leaf wall concrete layer is lower than that of the outer leaf wall concrete layer, or the top surface of the higher step of the inner leaf wall concrete layer is flush with that of the outer leaf wall concrete layer.
The vertical groove is preferably a semicircular groove or a U-shaped groove.
The heat-insulating material layer is made of an extruded polystyrene heat-insulating plate, an expanded polystyrene heat-insulating plate or a graphite polystyrene heat-insulating plate.
The width of the plate is 500mm-1500 mm.
The supporting material layer is formed by using a whole heat-insulating plate or sequentially arranging a plurality of strip-shaped heat-insulating laths.
The inner side lower corner of the heat insulation material layer can be set into an outer side notch structure with a rectangular cross section and horizontally extending in the left-right direction, the side surface of the inner side notch structure and the side surface of the outer side notch structure form two side surfaces of a horizontal lower groove, when the support material layer exists, the top surface of the inner side notch structure and the top surface of the outer side notch structure are flush with the bottom surface of the support material layer, and the three parts form the groove bottom surface of the horizontal lower groove together.
A method for building a bearing wall comprises the steps of installing the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards in an aligned mode, installing related reinforcing steel bars and pouring concrete on site, wherein the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards are installed in the aligned mode, the side faces of the two low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards which are adjacent to each other on the left and the right are attached to each other in the aligned mode in the horizontal direction, a through hole which penetrates through the vertical groove on the right side of the left low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board and the vertical groove on the left side of the right low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board are spliced into a through hole which penetrates through the vertical groove on the right side of the left low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board and the vertical groove on the left side of the right low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board, the horizontal lower grooves of the first layer of the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board are, installing the related reinforcing steel bars comprises penetrating horizontal reinforcing steel bars into the space between the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the heat insulation material layer or the space left after the support material layer is removed between the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the heat insulation material layer, fixedly connecting the two ends of the horizontal reinforcing steel bars with the constructional column reinforcing steel bars in a pulling way, and connecting reinforcing steel bars are vertically and fixedly arranged in the horizontal lower groove of the upper layer of low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board and the horizontal upper groove of the adjacent lower layer of low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board, the upper parts and the lower parts of the connecting reinforcing steel bars are respectively positioned in the upper layer of low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board and the lower layer of low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board, the in-situ concrete pouring comprises the in-situ concrete pouring into the through holes to form concrete columns, the in-situ concrete pouring into the space between the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the heat insulation material layer or the space between the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the heat insulation material layer after the support material layer is removed to form concrete interlayers and concrete.
Further, vertical steel bars are arranged in the through holes before pouring.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
due to the arrangement of the horizontal lower grooves, the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board can be directly stacked on the foundation embedded steel bar frame, the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board can be positioned without other tools, the field installation of the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board is greatly simplified, and the labor-saving effect is obvious.
The vertical grooves are arranged so that when the two low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards are spliced left and right, the right vertical groove of the left low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board and the left vertical groove of the right low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board are communicated and spliced into a through hole which penetrates through the wall up and down. Through to cast in situ concrete can realize adjacent two in the vertical recess the concatenation about the prefabricated bearing wallboard of low energy consumption is fixed, and two blocks of prefabricated bearing wallboards of low energy consumption form a whole after the concatenation, have both guaranteed that the junction can reach the equal structural strength with the precast concrete layer of the prefabricated bearing wallboard of low energy consumption, do not have seam and seam deformation and fracture scheduling problem again, and waterproof performance is good.
The low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall panel can be used for building a non-bearing wall, a bearing wall, an inner wall and an outer wall, and can be manufactured by adopting the same equipment and the same process in different occasions.
The method for building the bearing wall can be suitable for the assembly type building, the wall and the floor can be assembled, the construction is fast, the integral effect can be achieved after the building is finished, the leakage is avoided, the heat preservation is good, and the integrity is strong.
The low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board has a structure and heat preservation, is simply erected after being transported to the site, and is high in integrity because the concrete is poured on the site once to form an integral four-side wall body.
The size of the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall panel is the size of a standard panel, the hoisting and transportation are convenient, the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall panel is suitable for building walls of various house-type houses, the prefabricated bearing wall panel is spliced on site and integrally formed after being poured at one time, and the effect of a large panel is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the low energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the low energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel;
figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the low energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel;
figure 4 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of the low energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of one embodiment of the low energy prefabricated load bearing wall panel;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fifth embodiment of the low energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of the low energy consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall panel after left and right splicing;
FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of a low energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel after horizontal reinforcing bars are inserted;
FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of a load bearing wall body formed by the method of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of one embodiment of a load bearing wall body (interior wall) formed by the method of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment (exterior wall) of the load-bearing wall body formed by the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-11, the invention provides a low-energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel, which comprises an inner leaf wall concrete layer 1, an insulation material layer 3 and an outer leaf wall concrete layer 4, wherein the inner side surface of the outer leaf wall concrete layer is completely covered by the insulation material layer, so that no cold bridge exists on any part of the outer side surface of the low-energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel. The inner leaf wall concrete layer and the heat insulation material layer are spaced or filled with a support material layer 2 which can be taken out. And an inner steel wire mesh 5 and an outer steel wire mesh 6 are respectively fixed in the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the outer leaf wall concrete layer, and the inner steel wire mesh and the outer steel wire mesh are parallel to the surface of the low-energy prefabricated bearing wallboard. The inner side steel wire mesh and the outer side steel wire mesh are fixedly connected through a plurality of inserted wires 7, and the inserted wires penetrate through the heat insulation material layer. When a layer of support material is present, the inserted wires also pass through the layer of support material. Vertical grooves are formed in the left side face and the right side face of the inner leaf wall concrete layer, or vertical grooves are formed in the left side face and the right side face of the outer leaf wall concrete layer, and the vertical grooves 8 are vertical through grooves. Wherein, it is preferred scheme to set up vertical recess on the left and right sides of interior leaf wall concrete layer. The notches of the vertical grooves on the left and right sides are located close to each other in the plate thickness direction (also in the front-rear direction), and usually overlap partially or entirely, that is: the two can be aligned front to back or staggered front to back. When two prefabricated bearing wall panel of low energy consumption is controlled the concatenation, the vertical recess in right side of the prefabricated bearing wall panel of low energy consumption in left side and the vertical recess in left side of the prefabricated bearing wall panel of low energy consumption in right side communicate with each other and piece into a through-hole that runs through from top to bottom. Through to cast in situ concrete can realize adjacent two in the vertical recess the concatenation is fixed about the prefabricated bearing wall panel of low energy consumption, and two low energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall panels form a whole after the concatenation, do not have seam and seam deformation and fracture scheduling problem, and waterproof performance is good.
The left end and the right end of the inner side steel wire mesh in the inner leaf wall concrete layer can extend into the vertical grooves on the left side and the right side of the inner leaf wall concrete layer, and preferably extend out of one section (exceeding one section of the corresponding side face of the inner leaf wall concrete layer) from the vertical grooves in a horizontal direction, the horizontal length of the section is not larger than (usually smaller than or slightly smaller than) the horizontal size (groove depth) of the corresponding vertical groove, when the left wallboard and the right wallboard are butted, the vertical grooves on the butted sides are butted to form a vertical through hole, the corresponding inner side steel wire meshes are butted or lapped with each other (having a part which is overlapped in a front-back mode), when concrete or mortar is cast in place in the vertical through hole, the inner side steel wire mesh positioned in the vertical through hole is solidified in the cast-in-place concrete or. For convenience in operation, for the vertical groove with reduced size, the size (horizontal size) of the inner steel wire mesh extending from the vertical groove can be smaller than the horizontal size (groove depth) of the vertical groove, and the corresponding inner steel wire meshes in the vertical through holes on the two sides are fixedly connected in concrete or mortar cast in the vertical through holes in a cast-in-place mode, so that anchoring connection is realized, and the improvement of connection strength is facilitated.
When the inner steel wire meshes on the left side and the right side of the same wallboard extend out of the vertical grooves on the corresponding sides, the inner steel wire meshes extending out of the left side and the right side can be slightly staggered in the front-back direction, so that the site construction is facilitated.
The upper portion of insulating material layer sets to interior low two-stage ladder shape of height outward, interior leaf wall concrete layer's upper portion sets to interior high low two-stage ladder shape outward, the top surface of the higher one-level ladder of insulating material layer and outer leaf wall concrete layer's top surface parallel and level, the top surface of the lower one-level ladder of interior leaf wall concrete layer with the top surface parallel and level of the lower one-level ladder of insulating material layer, and the two constitutes the tank bottom surface of recess 9 in the ascending level of notch jointly. The top surface of the layer of support material, when present, also constitutes part of the groove bottom surface of the horizontal upper groove. The interior of the horizontal upper groove is a reserved space for forming a ring beam, and the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board can be used as an outer heat-insulation board of the ring beam at the same time.
The outer lower corner of the inner leaf wall concrete layer is provided with an inner notch structure with a rectangular cross section and horizontally extending in the left-right direction, the side face of the inner notch structure and the side face of the heat insulation material layer form two side faces of a horizontal lower groove 10 with a downward notch, when the support material layer exists, the top face of the inner notch structure is flush with the bottom face of the support material layer, and the top face and the bottom face of the horizontal lower groove 10 are formed by the inner notch structure and the support material layer together. The horizontal lower grooves can facilitate the positioning of the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards during erection, for a first-floor wall body, the horizontal lower grooves of the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards are sleeved on the embedded reinforcing steel bar frames of the foundation, for a second-floor wall body and above-floor wall bodies, the horizontal lower grooves of the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards are sleeved on the embedded reinforcing steel bars of the ring beams of the next floor, and after concrete filled in the horizontal lower grooves is solidified, the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards are integrally solidified with the foundation, or with the floor slabs and the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards positioned below the floor. No inserted wire passes through the upper horizontal groove and the lower horizontal groove.
The top surface of the higher step of the inner leaf wall concrete layer may be lower than the top surface of the outer leaf wall concrete layer (see fig. 1, 3 and 6) or flush with the top surface of the outer leaf wall concrete layer (see fig. 2 and 4). The low-energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall panel in the former case is used for building an external wall, the low-energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall panel can be used as an external heat insulation board of a ring beam and a floor slab at the same time, and the height difference of the top surfaces of an inner leaf wall concrete layer and an outer leaf wall concrete layer is equal to the thickness of one floor slab; the low energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel of the latter case is used for building interior walls.
The low energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel may be further optimized in one or more of the following respects:
1. the groove type of the vertical groove is not limited. In the embodiment, the vertical grooves are semicircular grooves, so that the production and the manufacture are relatively simple. The vertical groove may also be a U-shaped groove.
2. The vertical grooves on the left and right side surfaces are preferably arranged in a left-right symmetrical manner.
In this embodiment, the left and right sides of the concrete layer of the inner leaf wall are respectively provided with one vertical groove. When two adjacent low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards are spliced left and right, the two vertical grooves just surround a whole circular through hole 13 (see fig. 7). The concrete is poured into the circular through hole on site, the left and right low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards can be combined into a whole, the fixing between the wall boards is realized, the waterproof effect is naturally obtained, and extra waterproof treatment is not needed at the splicing position of the two low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards.
3. The inner side steel wire mesh and the outer side steel wire mesh are formed by vertically and crosswise welding longitudinal steel wires and transverse steel wires. The inserted wires are vertically or obliquely intersected with the inner steel wire mesh and the outer steel wire mesh. The inserted wires can dispersedly and uniformly bear the load on the low-energy-consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall board.
The inserted wires can be divided into a plurality of rows, and the inserted wires in each row are positioned in the same vertical plane and are fixedly connected with two longitudinal steel wires which are opposite to each other on the inner side steel wire mesh and the outer side steel wire mesh. The vertical plane is perpendicular to the board surface of the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wallboard. The plug wires are arranged in a row in the vertical planes, so that the production process can be simplified, and the mass production is facilitated. The inner side steel wire mesh, the outer side steel wire mesh and the inserted wires form a space steel wire mesh frame, during production, the steel wire mesh frame, the supporting material layer and the heat insulation material layer are prefabricated as an independent component unit, then the component unit is placed into a mold to be made into the low-energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall board, concrete layers on the inner side and the outer side can be prefabricated respectively, one side is poured and solidified, then the other side is poured, and when the mold is suitable, the two sides can be prefabricated simultaneously.
Furthermore, the inserted wires are preferably obliquely intersected with the inner steel wire mesh and the outer steel wire mesh, and the included angle between every two adjacent inserted wires on the same row is 15-45 degrees.
The inserted wires at the uppermost end and the lowermost end are horizontal transverse wires. The upper end and the lower end of the inner steel wire mesh and the outer steel wire mesh are not provided with inserted wires, namely, no inserted wires are exposed in the horizontal upper groove and the horizontal lower groove.
The inner steel wire mesh, the outer steel wire mesh and the inserted wires can be made of stainless steel wires or galvanized steel wires.
The exterior surface of the low energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel is generally free of exposed metal members such as steel wires or steel bars.
4. The concrete adopted by the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the outer leaf wall concrete layer is preferably fine stone concrete.
5. The heat preservation material layer can adopt extrusion molding polyphenyl heated board, expanded polyphenyl heated board or graphite polyphenyl heated board to make, the brace material layer also can adopt extrusion molding polyphenyl heated board, expanded polyphenyl heated board or graphite polyphenyl heated board to make.
6. The height of the low-energy-consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall board is one floor height, the width is preferably 500mm-1500mm, and compared with the existing large assembled board with the width of 3300 or 3500mm, the low-energy-consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall board is more convenient and flexible to hoist and transport. The width of the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wallboard can be further set between 1000-1500mm, and the shipping efficiency of the wallboard and the efficiency of building a wall by adopting the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wallboard are improved.
7. The supporting material layer can be composed of a whole insulation board or a plurality of strip-shaped insulation board strips which are sequentially arranged and spliced. When the plug wires are arranged in rows and the plug wires in each row are located in the same vertical plane, the heat-insulating lath is preferably vertically arranged so as to be conveniently drawn out from the upper end and the lower end.
The support material layer can also adopt support cushion blocks, and the support cushion blocks can be made of metal, wood or plastic materials.
8. The lower angle of the inner side of the heat insulation material layer can also be set into an outer side notch structure with a rectangular cross section and horizontally extending in the left-right direction, and the side surface of the inner side notch structure and the side surface of the outer side notch structure form two side surfaces of the horizontal lower groove, which is equivalent to the outward widening of the horizontal lower groove. When the support material layer exists, the top surface of the inner side notch structure and the top surface of the outer side notch structure are flush with the bottom surface of the support material layer, and the top surface of the inner side notch structure and the top surface of the outer side notch structure are jointly formed into the groove bottom surface of the horizontal lower groove.
9. The side (adjacent to the side of the supporting material layer) close to the outer side of the concrete layer of the inner leaf wall can be provided with a protective layer, namely the protective layer is adjacent to the supporting material layer. The protective layer can be a thin layer made of materials the same as or similar to the thermal insulation material layer, meanwhile, the support material layer is preferably of a structure formed by splicing a plurality of vertically arranged left and right extending thermal insulation battens, a certain distance can be reserved between the thermal insulation battens which are spliced mutually, the protective layer and the thermal insulation layer are guaranteed to be supported, the distance which is reserved is kept, and the protective layer and the thermal insulation layer are prevented from being deformed inadmissibly. Correspondingly, according to actual conditions, can with the plug-in wires set to with inboard wire net and outside wire net intersect perpendicularly, do not pass the heat preservation lath of holding material layer, can make things convenient for taking out of holding material layer like this, when the size allows, also can adopt oblique plug-in wires. When the wallboard is prefabricated, the protective layer is used as a pouring template of the inner leaf wall concrete layer adjacent to the side of the supporting material layer and is fixedly connected with the poured concrete to form the integral inner leaf wall concrete layer. After the heat-insulating laths used as the supporting material layer are removed (pulled out) from the wall board, the protective layer is not damaged and remains in the wall body to form a second heat-insulating layer positioned on the inner side of the cast-in-place concrete layer.
The protective layer may not be provided according to the actual situation. During on-site construction, the plates forming the support material layer are directly damaged so as to be convenient to take out.
Referring to fig. 7-11, the invention also discloses a method for building a bearing wall by using the low-energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall panel, which comprises the steps of installing the low-energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall panel in an aligned mode, installing relevant reinforcing steel bars and pouring concrete on site.
The installation of counterpointing prefabricated bearing wallboard of low energy consumption includes two dimensions of horizontal direction and direction of height, adjacent two about making in the horizontal direction the side of the prefabricated bearing wallboard of low energy consumption is laminated each other, and the vertical recess in right side of the prefabricated bearing wallboard of low energy consumption in left side and the vertical recess in left side of the prefabricated bearing wallboard of low energy consumption in right side piece into a through-hole 13 that runs through from top to bottom. And in the height direction, the horizontal lower grooves of the low-energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards on the first layer just fall on the exposed parts of the embedded steel bar frames 12 of the foundation 11, and the upper and lower layers of the low-energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards are aligned inside and outside, wherein the space between the horizontal lower grooves of more than two layers of the low-energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards and the horizontal upper grooves of the low-energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards on the lower layer is sealed by floor slabs.
The relevant reinforcing bar of installation wears to establish horizontal reinforcement 15 in including the space 14 or the space 14 that has got rid of after the supporting material layer between interior leaf wall concrete layer and the insulation material layer in wearing to the space of leaving, can make horizontal reinforcement lean on inserting the silk to draw the both ends of horizontal reinforcement and the reinforcing bar of the constructional column that is located the wall body both ends to connect fixedly. The installation related reinforcing steel bars also comprise connecting reinforcing steel bars 16 which are vertically and fixedly arranged in the horizontal lower groove of the upper layer of low-energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall panel and the horizontal upper groove of the adjacent lower layer of low-energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall panel, and the upper parts and the lower parts of the connecting reinforcing steel bars are respectively positioned in the upper layer of low-energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall panel and the lower layer of low-energy consumption prefabricated bearing wall panel.
The in-situ concrete casting includes in-situ concrete casting into the through hole 13 to form a concrete column 19, in-situ concrete casting into the space 14 between the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the heat insulating material layer or between the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the heat insulating material layer and the space 14 left after the support material layer is removed to form a concrete interlayer 17, and forming a concrete ring beam 18 in the horizontal upper groove. And the left and right adjacent two low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards are spliced and fixed into a whole through the concrete columns and the concrete interlayers. In the height direction, the low-energy-consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall panels of one layer are connected with the concrete foundation 11 into a whole through cast-in-place concrete in the horizontal lower grooves and foundation embedded reinforcing steel frames 12 solidified in the horizontal lower grooves, and the low-energy-consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall panels of other layers are connected into a whole through cast-in-place concrete in the horizontal lower grooves of the low-energy-consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall panels of the previous layer, cast-in-place concrete girds 18 in the horizontal upper grooves of the low-energy-consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall panels of the next layer, cast-in-place floor panels 20 between the upper low-energy-consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall panels and connecting reinforcing steel.
Through concrete intermediate layer, horizontal reinforcement, connecting reinforcement, plug wire and inside and outside wire net, all form into a holistic three-dimensional load-carrying structure between the inside and outside leaf wall concrete layer of low energy consumption prefabricated bearing wallboard, between low energy consumption prefabricated bearing wallboard and the constructional column, between low energy consumption prefabricated bearing wallboard and ground and the ring beam, and have comparable bearing capacity. On one hand, the method can realize the splicing and fixing of two adjacent low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards, and on the other hand, because the two adjacent low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall boards are connected through cast-in-place concrete, the problems of seam deformation, seam cracking and the like do not exist, and the waterproof performance is good; on the other hand, the low-energy-consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall board, the horizontal reinforcing steel bars and the connecting reinforcing steel bars are connected into an integral shear wall structural unit through cast-in-place concrete. The two aspects are combined, and the integral shear wall body with the width of 3000-.
The horizontal reinforcing bars 15 may be arranged in a plurality of rows at intervals up and down.
When the supporting material layer is formed by sequentially arranging a plurality of strip-shaped heat preservation battens, the supporting material layer can be conveniently removed.
Further, vertical steel bars can be arranged in the through holes before concrete is poured on site.
The low-energy-consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall panel integrates the structure and the heat preservation, is convenient to hoist and transport, is convenient to position and install, is easy to connect and splice, and can be used for building load-bearing walls, non-load-bearing walls, external walls and internal walls.
When the low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall panel is used for building a wall body, a formwork is basically not required in the wall body construction, the fabricated building wall body with good waterproof performance, good integrity and ultra-low energy consumption can be obtained by only carrying out a small amount of cast-in-place concrete construction, and the obtained bearing wall body has high connection strength, zero leakage at a splicing part and no cold bridge or hot bridge.
The terms inside and outside are relative terms, and if one side of the low energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel face is called inside, the other side is called outside. When the device is used for an outer wall, the inner direction and the outer direction are respectively consistent with the indoor direction and the outdoor direction. The left-right and front-back directions are both the left-right and front-back directions when the observer is facing the low energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel in the installed state.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a prefabricated bearing wallboard of low energy consumption, its characterized in that includes interior leaf wall concrete layer, insulation material layer and exterior leaf wall concrete layer, the medial surface on exterior leaf wall concrete layer is covered by insulation material layer completely, keep the interval or pack by the brace material layer that can take out between interior leaf wall concrete layer and the insulation material layer, it has inboard wire net and outside wire net to consolidate respectively in interior leaf wall concrete layer and the exterior leaf wall concrete layer, through a plurality of plug wire fixed connection between inboard wire net and the outside wire net, all be equipped with vertical recess on the left surface and the right flank of interior leaf wall concrete layer, perhaps all be equipped with vertical recess on the left surface and the right flank of exterior leaf wall concrete layer, vertical recess is logical groove, and the notch of vertical recess on the left and right flank aligns or partially staggers around the position in the board thickness direction, the upper portion of insulating material layer sets up the two-stage ladder shape of interior low outer height, the upper portion of interior leaf wall concrete layer sets up the two-stage ladder shape of interior high outer low, the top surface of the higher one-level ladder of insulating material layer and the top surface parallel and level of outer leaf wall concrete layer, the top surface of the lower one-level ladder of interior leaf wall concrete layer with the top surface parallel and level of the lower one-level ladder of insulating material layer, and constitute the tank bottom surface of the ascending level upper groove of notch jointly, when there is the supporting material layer, the top surface of supporting material layer also constitutes partly of the tank bottom surface of the level upper groove, the outside lower corner department of interior leaf wall concrete layer sets up to transversal inboard breach structure of personally submitting the rectangle and left and right sides direction horizontal extension, and the side of inboard breach structure forms two sides of the downward horizontal lower groove of notch with the side of insulating material layer, when the support material layer exists, the top surface of the inner notch structure is flush with the bottom surface of the support material layer, and the top surface and the bottom surface of the support material layer form the groove bottom surface of the horizontal lower groove together.
2. Low energy consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the top surface of the higher step of the inner leaf wall concrete layer is lower than the top surface of the outer leaf wall concrete layer or the top surface of the higher step of the inner leaf wall concrete layer is flush with the top surface of the outer leaf wall concrete layer.
3. Low energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel according to claim 1, characterised in that said vertical grooves are semicircular grooves or U-shaped grooves.
4. The prefabricated load-bearing wall panel of claim 1, characterized in that the concrete used for the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the outer leaf wall concrete layer is fine stone concrete.
5. The low energy consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall panel according to claim 1, wherein the thermal insulation material layer is made of an extruded polystyrene thermal insulation board, an expanded polystyrene thermal insulation board or a graphite polystyrene thermal insulation board.
6. Low energy prefabricated load-bearing wall panel according to claim 1, characterised in that the panel width is between 500mm and 1500 mm.
7. The low-energy-consumption prefabricated load-bearing wall panel according to claim 1, wherein the supporting material layer is formed by using a whole heat-insulating plate or sequentially arranging a plurality of strip-shaped heat-insulating laths.
8. A prefabricated low energy consumption load-bearing wall panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the lower corners of the inner side of said insulation material layer are provided with outer side notch structures having a rectangular cross section and horizontally extending in the left-right direction, the side surfaces of the inner side notch structures and the side surfaces of the outer side notch structures are formed as two side surfaces of a horizontal lower groove, when said support material layer is present, the top surface of the inner side notch structures and the top surface of the outer side notch structures are flush with the bottom surface of said support material layer, and the three together form the groove bottom surface of the horizontal lower groove.
9. A method for constructing a bearing wall, comprising the steps of installing the low-energy prefabricated bearing wall panels, the relevant reinforcing steel bars and the cast-in-place concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 8 in an aligned manner, wherein the installation of the low-energy prefabricated bearing wall panels in the aligned manner comprises the steps of attaching the side surfaces of two low-energy prefabricated bearing wall panels which are adjacent to each other in the left and right direction in the horizontal direction, splicing a through hole which penetrates through the lower part and the upper part of the vertical groove in the right direction, enabling the horizontal lower groove of the low-energy prefabricated bearing wall panel in the first layer to fall on a foundation embedded reinforcing steel bar frame in the height direction, aligning the upper layer and the lower layer of the low-energy prefabricated bearing wall panels in the upper and lower layers in the inner and outer directions, wherein the horizontal lower groove of more than two layers of the low-energy prefabricated bearing wall panels and the horizontal upper groove of the low-energy prefabricated bearing wall panel in the lower layer are sealed, installing the related reinforcing steel bars comprises penetrating horizontal reinforcing steel bars into the space between the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the heat insulation material layer or the space left after the support material layer is removed between the inner leaf wall concrete layer and the heat insulation material layer, fixedly connecting the two ends of the horizontal reinforcing steel bars with the constructional column reinforcing steel bars in a pulling way, connecting reinforcing steel bars are vertically and fixedly arranged in a horizontal lower groove of the upper layer of low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board and a horizontal upper groove of the adjacent lower layer of low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board, the upper parts and the lower parts of the connecting reinforcing steel bars are respectively positioned in the upper layer of low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board and the lower layer of low-energy-consumption prefabricated bearing wall board, the in-situ concrete pouring comprises the steps of pouring concrete into the through holes to form concrete columns, pouring concrete into the spaces between the inner leaf wall concrete layers and the heat insulation material layers or the spaces left between the inner leaf wall concrete layers and the heat insulation material layers to form concrete interlayers, and forming concrete ring beams in the horizontal upper grooves.
10. A method of constructing a load bearing wall according to claim 9, wherein vertical reinforcing bars are provided in the through-holes before casting.
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Application publication date: 20210525 |