Background
In many domestic float glass production lines, the working condition of a tin bath is poor due to the reasons of tin bath design, the quality and quantity of protective gas, tin bath sealing, poor slag box sealing, production misoperation and the like, the defects of the lower surfaces of glass such as scratch, tin sticking, tempering rainbow and the like exist, and the quality of the lower surfaces of the glass is seriously influenced, so that a glass plate cannot be used as an original sheet for deep processing of the glass, and the production benefit of an enterprise is seriously influenced. As a remedy, the technology for treating the defects on the surface of float glass on line by using sulfur dioxide as a medium gas in a plurality of domestic float production lines, and the reaction of the sulfur dioxide and Na ions on the surface of the glass can generate Na2SO4The film (can be wiped off) is attached to the surface of the glass plate, so that the friction between the lower surface of the glass and the transition traction roller can be reduced, the scratch is reduced, an obvious effect is obtained, the film can prevent tempering rainbow, the scratch of the lower surface of the glass is reduced, the film has positive significance for delaying the mildew of the glass and compensating for the micro-residue cracks of the lower surface of the glass, the technology is adopted by foreign float glass production lines, and the medium gas for solving the quality defect of the lower surface of the glass in the current production line of the company is also sulfur dioxide. The main purposes are to enhance the strength of the lower surface of the glass, to enhance the scratch resistance, and the like.
Because the current use of sulfur dioxide does not adopt the optimal process system, the ideal effect is not achieved. Meanwhile, sulfur dioxide is volatile harmful gas with pungent smell, and is easy to pollute the environment.
Sulfur dioxide is used too much, and gaseous diffusion and the high temperature tin liquid production sulphide of molten tin bath make the glass lower surface produce the quality defect influence, and when sulfur dioxide flow was unusual simultaneously, can cause the sulphur membrane bodiness or the attenuation or even the sulphur membrane inequality on glass lower surface and transition roller surface, lead to former piece glass surface scratch defect to arouse, and the film body is not closely leaded to the stripping with the glass surface combination when glass carries out the tectorial membrane operation in deep-processing simultaneously.
Content of application
In order to solve the problems that in the prior art, the quality of a glass plate is seriously affected due to unstable and uneven sulfur dioxide flow, and the problems that sulfur dioxide directly enters a transition roller table to cause vulcanization reaction damage to the roller and pollution to the space are solved, the device and the method for controlling the surface sulfur film of the float glass effectively enhance the strength of the lower surface of the glass, enhance the scratch resistance of the glass, improve the film covering yield of glass deep processing, and reduce the damage to the transition roller and the pollution to the space.
The specific technical scheme of the application is as follows:
the application provides a float glass surface sulphur film controlling means, its characterized in that, it includes:
the flow control device comprises a flow buffer module, a flow control module, a flow guide inner pipe and a flow guide outer pipe;
the flow buffer module is connected with a sulfur dioxide gas source;
the flow control module is respectively connected with the flow buffer module and the flow guide inner pipe;
the outer diversion pipe is sleeved on the inner diversion pipe, an inner pipe hole is formed in the pipe wall of the inner diversion pipe, and an outer pipe hole is formed in the pipe wall of the outer diversion pipe.
Further, the device for controlling the sulfur film on the surface of the float glass further comprises a sulfur film thickness monitoring module, and the sulfur film thickness monitoring module is connected with the flow control module.
Furthermore, according to the device for controlling the sulfur film on the surface of the float glass, an inner pipe hole is formed in the pipe wall of the inner flow guide pipe, an outer pipe hole is formed in the pipe wall of the outer flow guide pipe, and the opening direction of the inner pipe hole is different from that of the outer pipe hole;
furthermore, the material of water conservancy diversion inner tube and water conservancy diversion outer tube is the stainless steel.
Furthermore, according to the device for controlling the sulfur film on the surface of the float glass, more than two rows of outer pipe holes are formed in the pipe wall of the outer flow guide pipe, and the arrangement direction of each row of outer pipe holes is parallel to the axis of the outer flow guide pipe;
more than one row of inner pipe holes are formed in the pipe wall of the flow guide inner pipe, and the arrangement direction of each row of inner pipe holes is parallel to the axis of the flow guide inner pipe.
Further, according to the float glass surface sulfur film control device, an included angle formed by the opening direction of the outer pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 10-45 degrees.
Further, the included angle between the opening direction of the outer pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 30-45 degrees.
Further, according to the device for controlling the sulfur film on the surface of the float glass, an included angle formed between the opening direction of the inner pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 0-45 degrees;
furthermore, an included angle formed between the opening direction of the inner pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 0-20 DEG
Furthermore, according to the device for controlling the sulfur film on the surface of the float glass, the axis of the flow guide inner pipe is coincident with the axis of the flow guide outer pipe, and the cross section of the flow guide inner pipe where the center of the inner pipe hole is located is parallel to the cross section of the flow guide outer pipe where the center of the outer pipe hole is located.
Further, according to the device for controlling the sulfur film on the surface of the float glass, the distance between two adjacent inner pipe holes in each row of inner pipe holes is equal and is 2-3 cm, and preferably 2.5-3 cm; the distance between two adjacent outer pipe holes in each row of outer pipe holes is equal and is 1-1.5 cm, and preferably 1-1.2 cm.
The application also provides a method for controlling the sulfur film on the surface of the float glass by using the device for controlling the sulfur film on the surface of the float glass.
Effect of application
Use float glass surface sulphur film controlling means of this application, (1) adopt special pipeline to carry out the water conservancy diversion diffusion to sulfur dioxide gas, make sulfur dioxide gas evenly diffuse in the sediment case environment, prevent that sulfur dioxide from directly spouting in the pipeline, the device of this application is blowout in following the water conservancy diversion inner tube with sulfur dioxide, sulfur dioxide does not directly reach to transition roller platform, but delay and slow down the impact force of sulfur dioxide flow through the water conservancy diversion outer tube of cover establishing outside the water conservancy diversion inner tube, the vulcanization that has reduced to go into transition roller platform department because of sulfur dioxide directly penetrates to cause the roller is reacted the injury and the pollution to the space. (2) Meanwhile, the thickness of the sulfur film on the surface of the cold-end glass plate is monitored in real time on line, the flow control module is used for continuously and accurately adjusting the using amount of sulfur dioxide according to the thickness value of the sulfur film on the lower surface of the glass monitored on line, each transition roller is accurately sprayed, the thickness of the sulfur film sprayed out of each transition roller is moderate and the thickness of the sulfur film is even, the scratch defect on the surface of the glass is prevented from being excited, and the phenomenon that the combination of a sulfur film body and the surface of the glass is not tight to cause film stripping when film covering operation is carried out is reduced. (3) By using the device, the thickness of the sulfur film can be controlled within 0.05-0.1 mu m.
Detailed Description
In the following description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, in conjunction with the drawings, it is noted that throughout the description and claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the present application, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the application and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the application. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the definitions of the appended claims.
The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like, refer to an orientation or positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings, or that is conventionally found in use of the product of this application, and are used only for convenience in describing and simplifying the application, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the application.
In one aspect, the present application provides a device for controlling a sulfur film on a surface of a float glass, and fig. 1 is a schematic view of a device for controlling a sulfur film on a surface of a float glass according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus includes: the flow control device comprises a flow buffer module 2, a flow control module 3, a flow guide inner pipe 4 and a flow guide outer pipe 5;
the flow buffer module 2 is connected with a sulfur dioxide gas source 1;
the flow control module 3 is respectively connected with the flow buffer module 2 and the flow guide inner pipe 4;
the outer diversion pipe 5 is sleeved on the inner diversion pipe 4, an inner pipe hole is formed in the pipe wall of the inner diversion pipe 4, and an outer pipe hole is formed in the pipe wall of the outer diversion pipe 5.
The utility model provides a float glass surface sulphur film controlling means can effectively improve the dispersion of sulfur dioxide gas glass lower surface again for sulfur dioxide forms even sulphur film, and effectively reduces the sulfur dioxide and directly jets into the injury that transition roller platform led to the fact the roller, and then ensures the high-efficient long-term use of glass product quality and production facility, reaches the stability in technology and production, and it has wide industrial application prospect.
In the device of this application, flow buffer module 2 is used for adjusting the gaseous pressure of sulfur dioxide, and the stable pressure oscillation that comes from sulfur dioxide air supply department, flow buffer module 2 mainly comprises two air-vent valves, and the purpose is when pressure is too big, with pressure regulation to standard range, when pressure is less, increases pressure to the standard value through the air-vent valve. In one embodiment, the pressure of the sulfur dioxide gas is adjusted to 0.1MPa to 0.5MPa, for example, 0.1MPa, 0.2MPa, 0.3MPa, 0.4MPa, 0.5MPa, etc. after passing through the flow buffer device, in one embodiment, the flow buffer module 2 includes a primary and secondary pressure regulating valve.
The sulfur dioxide gas treated by the flow buffer module 2 flows to the flow control module 3, and in one embodiment, the flow control module 3 adjusts the gas flow to 0.1nm3/h~1nm3H, for example, may be 0.1nm3/h、0.2nm3/h、0.3nm3/h、0.4nm3/h、0.5nm3/h、0.6nm3/h、0.7nm3/h、0.8nm3/h、0.9nm3/h、1nm3H, etc.
In a specific embodiment, the diversion inner tube 4 and the diversion outer tube 5 are both round tubes, and the diameter of the diversion outer tube 5 is 1.2 to 1.5 times of the diameter of the diversion inner tube 4, for example, may be 1.2 times, 1.25 times, 1.3 times, 1.35 times, 1.4 times, 1.45 times, 1.5 times, and the like.
The sulfur dioxide gas is processed by the flow control module 3 and then flows into the flow guide inner tube 4, in a specific embodiment, the flow guide inner tube 4 is horizontally arranged perpendicular to the running direction of the glass ribbon, the flow guide inner tube 4 is positioned between two adjacent transition rollers, is positioned on the same plane with the two adjacent transition rollers, and is positioned at the central line position of the two adjacent transition rollers. The guide inner pipe 4 is sleeved with a guide outer pipe 5 which has the same axis with the guide inner pipe 4.
In a specific embodiment, the device of the present application further includes a sulfur film thickness monitoring module 6, the sulfur film thickness monitoring module 6 is connected to the flow control module 3, and is located right above the glass, and can move above the glass, and detect the sulfur film thickness at each position of the lower surface of the glass by the light refraction principle, the sulfur film thickness monitoring module 6 returns data to the flow control module 3 after measuring real-time sulfur film thickness data on the lower surface of the glass, and the flow control module 3 adjusts the gas flow according to the real-time sulfur film thickness data, for example, the real-time sulfur film thickness exceeds 0.15 μm, adjusts the flow control module 3 to reduce the gas flow, the real-time sulfur film thickness is lower than 0.1 μm, and the flow control module 3 is adjusted to increase the gas flow. The sulfur film thickness monitoring module 6 is connected with the flow control module 3, so that the thickness and the uniformity of a sulfur film on the lower surface of the glass can be monitored in real time, specifically, the sulfur film thickness monitoring module 6 scans periodically above the glass along the width direction of the glass strip, the flow of sulfur dioxide gas is adjusted in real time through a monitoring result, and the gas flow is effectively and accurately controlled.
In one embodiment, the device of the present application, the opening direction of the inner tube bore is different from the opening direction of the outer tube bore. In this application water conservancy diversion inner tube 4 and water conservancy diversion outer tube 5 are the pipe, and the opening direction of interior pipe hole means the direction at the center of the cross section of water conservancy diversion inner tube 4 at the center of interior pipe hole point to the center of interior pipe hole, and the opening direction of outer tube hole means the direction at the center of the cross section of water conservancy diversion outer tube 5 at the center of outer tube hole point to the center of outer tube hole.
In one embodiment, since the inner or outer pipe hole has a smaller size relative to the diameter of the inner or outer flow guiding pipe, the inner or outer pipe hole is approximately regarded as an equivalent point on the pipe wall of the inner or outer flow guiding pipe 4, 5, respectively, i.e. the center of the inner or outer pipe hole.
In the above specific embodiment, the sulfur dioxide gas is sprayed out from the inner pipe hole of the inner flow guide pipe 4 and reaches the outer flow guide pipe 5 outside, because the opening direction of the inner pipe hole is different from the opening direction of the outer pipe hole, the sprayed sulfur dioxide gas is blocked on the inner wall of the outer flow guide pipe 5, the outer flow guide pipe 5 generates relative resistance to the gas sprayed out from the inner flow guide pipe 4, when the gas inside the outer flow guide pipe 5 is saturated, the gas will overflow from the outer pipe hole of the outer flow guide pipe 5, and thus the damage of the sulfur reaction and the pollution to the space caused by the fact that the sulfur dioxide gas is directly sprayed out through the inner flow guide pipe 4 and directly enters the transition roller table are reduced.
In a specific embodiment, the device of this application, the material of water conservancy diversion inner tube 4 and water conservancy diversion outer tube 5 is stainless steel, and its high temperature resistant corrosion-resistant is preferred 316L stainless steel for water conservancy diversion inner tube 4 and water conservancy diversion outer tube 5 can be used for a long time in the sediment case environment, and this material can not cause the influence to the sediment case environment.
In a specific embodiment, in the device of the present application, two or more rows of outer tube holes are formed in the tube wall of the outer diversion tube 5, specifically two, four, six, eight, etc., and the arrangement direction of each row of outer tube holes is parallel to the axis of the outer diversion tube 5; in a preferred embodiment, the outer tube openings are arranged axially symmetrically with respect to the axis of the guide outer tube 5.
In a specific embodiment, in the device of the present application, the wall of the diversion inner tube 4 is provided with more than one row of inner tube holes, specifically, one row, two rows, three rows, four rows, five rows, and the like, and the arrangement direction of the inner tube holes in each row is parallel to the axis of the diversion inner tube 4; in a preferred embodiment, the inner tube holes are distributed axisymmetrically with respect to the axis of the guide inner tube 4.
In a specific embodiment, in the device of the present application, an included angle formed between an opening direction of the outer tube hole and a vertical upward direction is 10 to 45 °, preferably 30 to 45 °, and more preferably 40 to 45 °, for example, may be 10 °, 12 °, 14 °, 16 °, 18 °, 20 °, 22 °, 24 °, 26 °, 28 °, 30 °, 32 °, 34 °, 36 °, 38 °, 40 °, 42 °, 44 °, 45 °, and the like.
In a specific embodiment, in the device of the present application, an included angle between the opening direction of the outer tube hole and the vertical upward direction is 10 to 45 °, an included angle between the opening direction of the inner tube hole and the vertical upward direction is 0 to 45 °, preferably 0 to 20 °, more preferably 0 to 10 °, for example, 0 °, 1, 2 °, 3, 4 °, 5 °, 6 °, 7 °, 8 °, 9 °, 10 °, 11 °, 12 °, 13, 14 °, 15, 16 °, 17 °, 18 °, 19 °, 20 °, 22 °, 24 °, 26 °, 28 °, 30 °, 32 °, 34 °, 36 °, 38 °, 40 °, 42 °, 44 °, 45 °, and the like. Wherein the vertically upward direction of the present application is the direction perpendicular to the upward direction of the glass ribbon.
In one embodiment, in the device of the present application, the axis of the diversion inner tube 4 coincides with the axis of the diversion outer tube 5, and the cross section of the diversion inner tube 4 where the center of the inner tube hole is located is parallel to the cross section of the diversion outer tube 5 where the center of the outer tube hole is located.
In the above-mentioned embodiment, sulfur dioxide gas is spouted from the inner tube hole of water conservancy diversion inner tube 4, in arriving the water conservancy diversion outer tube 5 of outside, spun sulfur dioxide gas is obstructed at water conservancy diversion outer tube 5 inner wall, water conservancy diversion outer tube 5 has produced the relative resistance to water conservancy diversion inner tube 4 spun gas, when water conservancy diversion outer tube 5 inside gas saturation, gas will spill over from the outer tube hole of water conservancy diversion outer tube 5, thereby further reduced sulfur dioxide gas through water conservancy diversion inner tube 4 direct blowout directly inject into the vulcanization reaction injury and the pollution to the space that transition roller platform department caused to the transition roller.
In a specific embodiment, in the device of the present application, the distance between two adjacent inner pipe holes in each row of inner pipe holes is equal and is 2 to 3cm, preferably 2.5 to 3cm, and for example, may be 2cm, 2.1cm, 2.2cm, 2.3cm, 2.4cm, 2.5cm, 2.6cm, 2.7cm, 2.8cm, 2.9cm, 3cm, etc.; the distance between two adjacent outer pipe holes in each row of outer pipe holes is equal and is 1-1.5 cm, preferably 1-1.2 cm, and for example, the distance may be 1cm, 1.5cm, 1.6cm, 1.7cm, 1.8cm, 1.9cm, 2cm and the like. The distance between two adjacent inner pipe holes in each row of inner pipe holes and the distance between two adjacent outer pipe holes in each row of outer pipe holes are set in the range, so that the sulfur film sprayed onto the transition roller is moderate in thickness and uniform in thickness.
In a preferred embodiment, in the device of the present application, the distance between two adjacent inner pipe holes in each row of inner pipe holes is n times the distance between two adjacent outer pipe holes in each row of outer pipe holes, and n is an integer greater than 1.
In a preferred embodiment, the distance between two adjacent inner pipe holes in each row of inner pipe holes is 3cm, and the distance between two adjacent outer pipe holes in each row of outer pipe holes is 1 cm.
In one embodiment, the device of the present application, the inner tube bore is smaller in size than the outer tube bore, where the bore size refers to the area of the bore in a flat pattern of expanded tube walls.
In another aspect, the present application also provides a method for controlling a sulfur film on a surface of a float glass. The method of the present application utilizes a float glass surface sulfur film apparatus comprising: the flow control device comprises a flow buffer module 2, a flow control module 3, a flow guide inner pipe 4 and a flow guide outer pipe 5;
the flow buffer module 2 is connected with a sulfur dioxide gas source 1;
the flow control module 3 is respectively connected with the flow buffer module 2 and the flow guide inner pipe 4;
the outer diversion pipe 5 is sleeved on the inner diversion pipe 4, an inner pipe hole is formed in the pipe wall of the inner diversion pipe 4, and an outer pipe hole is formed in the pipe wall of the outer diversion pipe 5.
Examples
Example 1
In this embodiment, the device for controlling the sulfur film on the surface of the float glass shown in FIG. 1 comprises: the device comprises a flow buffer module 2, a flow control module 3, a sulfur film thickness monitoring module 6, a diversion inner pipe 4 and a diversion outer pipe 5; the flow buffer module 2 is connected with a sulfur dioxide gas source 1; the flow control module 3 is respectively connected with the flow buffer module 2 and the flow guide inner pipe 4; the sulfur film thickness monitoring module 6 is connected with the flow control module 3; the guide outer pipe 5 is sleeved on the guide inner pipe 4, an inner pipe hole is formed in the pipe wall of the guide inner pipe 4, and an outer pipe hole is formed in the pipe wall of the guide outer pipe 5; the flow buffer module 2 is a flow buffer tank, and the flow control module 3 is a primary and secondary pressure regulating valve; the flow guide inner pipe 4 is a 316L stainless steel round pipe with the diameter of 25mm, the flow guide outer pipe 5 is a 316L stainless steel round pipe with the diameter of 50mm, the opening direction of the inner pipe holes is different from that of the outer pipe holes, two rows of outer pipe holes are formed in the pipe wall of the flow guide outer pipe 5, the arrangement direction of each row of outer pipe holes is parallel to the axis of the flow guide outer pipe 5, two rows of outer pipe holes are distributed on two sides of the axis of the flow guide outer pipe 5 respectively, the two rows of outer pipe holes are distributed in an axial symmetry mode relative to the axis of the flow guide outer pipe 5, and the included angle formed by the opening direction of each outer pipe hole; two rows of inner pipe holes are formed in the pipe wall of the flow guide inner pipe 4, the arrangement direction of each row of inner pipe holes is parallel to the axis of the flow guide inner pipe 4, two rows of inner pipe holes are distributed on two sides of the axis of the flow guide inner pipe 4 respectively and are distributed in an axisymmetric mode relative to the axis of the flow guide inner pipe 4, and the included angle formed by the opening direction of each inner pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 5 degrees; the axis of the flow guide inner pipe 4 is superposed with the axis of the flow guide outer pipe 5, and the cross section of the flow guide inner pipe 4 where the center of the inner pipe hole is positioned is parallel to the cross section of the flow guide outer pipe 5 where the center of the outer pipe hole is positioned; the distance between two adjacent inner pipe holes in each row of inner pipe holes is 3cm, the distance between two adjacent outer pipe holes in each row of outer pipe holes is 1cm, the aperture of the inner pipe holes is 1mm, and the aperture of the outer pipe holes is 0.5 mm.
Adopting a flow buffer tank, regulating and controlling the pressure of sulfur dioxide gas in a specified pressure range of 0.1-0.5 MPa through a primary and secondary pressure regulating valve, then sending the sulfur dioxide gas into a diversion inner tube 4 of a slag box through a metal hose pipeline, then spraying the sulfur dioxide gas from an inner tube hole of the diversion inner tube 4 to the interior of the diversion outer tube 5, when the gas in the diversion outer tube 5 is saturated, the sulfur dioxide gas overflows from an outer tube hole of the diversion outer tube 5, and the sulfur dioxide reacts with Na ions on the surface of glass to generate Na2SO4The film (can be wiped off) is attached to the lower surface of the glass, so that the friction between the lower surface of the glass and the transition roller can be reduced, the scratch is reduced, and meanwhile Na formed on the lower surface of the glass plate after being treated by sulfur dioxide2SO4The protective film can reduce the scratch of the lower surface of the glass caused by the impurities such as pollutants and the like attached to the transition roller table and the annealing roller table, and simultaneously, sulfur dioxide and Na in the glass2O2CaO is reduced, and 100 percent SiO is generated2The surface layer is enriched, the surface strength of the glass is improved, and the scratch resistance is enhanced. In the process, the sulfur film thickness monitoring module 6 measures real-time sulfur film thickness data on the lower surface of the glass and then returns the data to the flow control module 3, and the flow control module 3 adjusts the gas flow at any time according to the real-time sulfur film thickness data.
Example 2
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the included angle between the opening direction of each inner pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 18 °, and the included angle between the opening direction of each outer pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 30 °.
Example 3
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the opening direction of each inner pipe hole forms an angle of 30 degrees with the vertical upward direction.
Example 4
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the included angle between the opening direction of each inner pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 15 °, and the included angle between the opening direction of each outer pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 10 °.
Example 5
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the included angle between the opening direction of each inner pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 25 °, and the included angle between the opening direction of each outer pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 20 °.
Example 6
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the included angle between the opening direction of each inner pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 45 °, and the included angle between the opening direction of each outer pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 10 °.
Example 7
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the included angle between the opening direction of each inner pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 45 °, and the included angle between the opening direction of each outer pipe hole and the vertical upward direction is 50 °.
Example 8
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the cross section of the flow guiding inner tube 4 with the center of the inner tube hole coincides with the cross section of the flow guiding outer tube 5 with the center of the outer tube hole.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that there is no sulfur film thickness monitoring module 6.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that there is no guide outer tube 5.
For glasses produced using the apparatuses of the above examples and comparative examples, the sulfur film thickness of each glass produced was measured, respectively, and the results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
Although the embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments and application fields, and the above-described embodiments are illustrative, instructive, and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may effect numerous modifications thereto and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.