CN112830224A

CN112830224A - Automatic loading device

Info

Publication number: CN112830224A
Application number: CN202110165318.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄京平
Original assignee: Shenzhen Minruijie Automation Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Minruijie Automation Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-02-06
Filing date: 2021-02-06
Publication date: 2021-05-25

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of logistics mechanical equipment, in particular to an automatic loading device which is characterized by comprising a loading mechanism, a conveying device and a position adjusting mechanism, wherein the loading mechanism is used for pushing goods into a truck; the goods feeding mechanism and the conveying device are both connected with the position adjusting mechanism, so that the angle between the goods feeding mechanism and the conveying device can be adjusted by the position adjusting mechanism. In the loading device, the loading device can be suitable for loading goods with different packages, different sizes and different weights; and goods can be accurately placed into the truck, so that the goods are orderly stacked in the truck.

Description

Automatic loading device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of logistics mechanical equipment, in particular to an automatic loading device for a truck.

Background

Along with the improvement of modern mechanization degree and the popularization of unmanned factories and intelligent factories, more and more enterprises adopt automatic storage, management and turnover goods, so that the space utilization rate and the management efficiency can be improved, and the labor cost is reduced.

However, in the case of transferring the goods around the time, the conventional transfer method is still used, and for example, when the goods are loaded and shipped, the transfer method is still carried out manually. The mode has low working efficiency, poor safety and high personnel utilization cost for enterprises, and is difficult to complete the butt joint with the automation equipment. In view of the above, it is important to develop an automatic loading system capable of solving the above problems.

According to the prior art, the bagged material loading system (patent application number: CN201922284092.1) comprises a laser vision system, a conveying system, a robot system and a control system, wherein the robot system comprises six industrial robots, a walking guide rail and robot clamps arranged on the six industrial robots, the industrial robots are arranged on the walking guide rail, the industrial robots are arranged at the tail ends of the conveying system and are used for loading bagged materials on the conveying system, the laser vision system comprises two sets of line laser sensors arranged on a ground fixing support and two sets of point laser sensors arranged on the six tail end clamps of the robots, the line laser sensors and the point laser sensors are in communication connection with the control system, and the control system receives information of the laser vision system and controls the conveying system and the robot system to realize automatic loading of the materials in a linkage mode. The loading system can realize automatic loading and stacking of materials, and simplifies the requirement of manual control. When the loading system loads materials, the quantity of the materials loaded at a time is small, and only three packages of materials can be grabbed for loading each time; the loading system adopts a robot system to grab and load, mainly aims at loading bagged materials, and cannot be adapted to loading more materials in different packaging forms; when the system adopts a smaller robot system, the reliability of the system is insufficient when heavy goods are grabbed, but when the system adopts a larger robot system, the problems of overhigh cost, larger occupied area of the whole system and the like can occur; the loading system can not be adapted to vehicles with different sizes, if the vehicles are too small, the robot system easily causes the goods placement precision to be reduced during loading, and if the vehicles are too large, goods cannot be loaded due to the fact that goods trucks exist in the vehicles during loading.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, a primary object of the present invention is to provide an automatic loading device, which can more accurately load goods into a truck when loading the goods, so that the goods can be placed more neatly in the truck.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic loading device which can load goods of different packages, sizes and weights into a truck.

It is a further object of the present invention to provide an automatic loading device that can be adapted to trucks of different sizes, making the loading device more easily popularized.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following technical means.

An automatic loading device is characterized in that the loading device comprises a loading mechanism for pushing goods into a truck, a conveying device for conveying the goods, and a position adjusting mechanism for adjusting an angle between the conveying device and the loading mechanism, wherein the loading mechanism is connected with the conveying device, a loading position for placing the goods to be pushed is arranged on the loading mechanism, and the conveying device forms a loading path for conveying the goods to the loading position to push the goods into the truck; the goods feeding mechanism and the conveying device are both connected with the position adjusting mechanism, so that the angle between the goods feeding mechanism and the conveying device can be adjusted by the position adjusting mechanism. In the loading device, the goods are driven by the conveying device to be conveyed to the loading mechanism, and the goods are pushed into the truck by the loading mechanism; the conveying device can be a forward and backward type conveying device to realize telescopic transportation, and can also drive the goods loading mechanism to move back and forth when conveying goods to the goods loading mechanism, so that the goods loading mechanism can move in a truck, and the goods can be better loaded into the truck by the goods loading mechanism. In the loading device, the goods are pushed to the wagon through the loading mechanism, so that the loading device can be suitable for loading goods with different packages, sizes and weights; the problem that goods are limited by the shape and weight of the goods due to clamping and loading in the prior art is solved; and when the goods loading mechanism pushes the goods to be loaded, the angle between the goods loading mechanism and the conveying device is adjusted based on the position adjusting mechanism, the angle between the goods loading mechanism and the truck can be adjusted, and when a certain inclination exists between the conveying device and the truck (a space for loading the goods in a truck container), the goods can be accurately placed into the truck, so that the goods are orderly stacked in the truck. The conveying device is a conventional one, and preferably has a structure in which conveying is performed by a conveyor belt or a structure in which conveying is performed by a roller.

Furthermore, telescopic supporting legs with supporting functions are fixedly arranged below the conveying device and the loading mechanism, and telescopic motors are arranged in the telescopic supporting legs to drive the telescopic supporting legs to stretch. The setting of flexible supporting legs for conveyor, loading mechanism are when transporting or snatching the goods, and are more stable, can bear the transportation of heavier object or snatch or the propelling movement shipment. And flexible supporting legs telescopic sets up for in the time of in cargo handling mechanism stretches into the freight train under conveyor's drive, the flexible supporting legs that correspond avoid blockking cargo handling mechanism and get into the freight train through shortening, the bottom surface that can the adaptation freight train simultaneously, so that cargo handling mechanism also can obtain the support of flexible supporting legs in the freight train. The principle of the arrangement that the telescopic motor drives the telescopic supporting legs to stretch is the prior art, such as through the telescopic motor and the screw rod.

Furthermore, a first sensor assembly for detecting the specific position of the loading mechanism in the truck is arranged on the loading mechanism.

Furthermore, the loading mechanism is also provided with a second sensor assembly for detecting the position of the truck so that the loading mechanism can smoothly enter the truck. The second sensor assembly is preferably composed of two sensors, and is used for scanning the length, the width and the height of a vehicle container where the truck is located, acquiring the approximate outline of the container, facilitating the loading mechanism to smoothly enter the truck, and finely adjusting the position of the loading mechanism through the subsequent first sensor assembly after the loading mechanism enters the truck. The two sensor arrangement of this second sensor assembly is prior art.

Furthermore, first sensor subassembly is including two horizontal sensors and two vertical sensors, and two horizontal sensors set up respectively in mechanism both sides of getting in good, and two vertical sensors set up respectively at the both ends of getting in good mechanism front side. The arrangement of the two longitudinal sensors and the two transverse sensors enables the loading mechanism to know the distance between the left side and the right side of the loading mechanism and the inner side surfaces of the left side and the right side of the truck, the specific distance between the front end of the loading mechanism and the inner side surfaces of the front side of the truck and the inclination degree of the loading mechanism in the truck; thereby helping to adjust the position and inclination of the loading mechanism within the truck.

Furthermore, the goods loading mechanism comprises a goods loading assembly used for pushing goods into the truck, a cache adjusting assembly used for receiving the goods conveyed by the conveying device and adjusting the positions of the goods, and a cache goods pushing assembly used for pushing the goods on the cache adjusting assembly to the goods loading assembly; the goods loading position is located on the goods loading assembly, the cache adjusting assembly is connected with the conveying device, the goods loading assembly is connected with the cache adjusting assembly, and the cache goods pushing assembly is fixedly arranged on the cache adjusting assembly. The buffer memory adjusting assembly can adjust the position of the goods conveyed from the conveying device, so that the goods with the adjusted position are pushed to the goods loading assembly through the buffer memory goods pushing assembly, and the goods are primarily leveled when the buffer memory goods pushing assembly pushes the goods to the goods loading assembly; so that the goods can be pushed into the truck more orderly by the goods loading assembly for further pushing the goods.

Furthermore, the conveying device is arranged in a radial direction, a buffer belt for transporting goods is transversely arranged on the buffer adjusting assembly, and one side of the buffer belt is connected with the conveying device; the buffer pushing assembly is located on one side of the buffer belt, and the loading assembly is located on the other side of the buffer belt. After goods on the conveying device sequentially and radially enter the buffer belt, the goods transversely move along the buffer belt, and the goods transversely arranged in a row are pushed to the goods loading assembly through the buffer goods pushing assembly; this design makes to carry out the propelling movement for one row with single goods adjustment for once can push one row of goods, the quantity of single propelling movement goods is more, makes goods loading efficiency higher.

Further, the goods subassembly is pushed away to the buffer memory pushes away the goods cylinder including more than two buffer memories, and more than two buffer memories push away on the goods cylinder all fixedly sets up buffer memory adjustment subassembly, and more than two the buffer memory pushes away all to be provided with the buffer memory on the output shaft of goods cylinder and pushes away the goods piece, and more than two buffer memories push away the goods piece and all are located buffer memory area one side. More than two goods pushing cylinders are arranged, so that goods can be pushed more accurately.

Furthermore, the buffer adjustment assembly comprises a buffer adjustment main body and a buffer belt expansion piece, the buffer belt expansion piece is movably arranged at one end of the buffer adjustment main body, the buffer belt is arranged on the buffer adjustment main body and the buffer belt expansion piece, and the buffer belt expansion piece moves on the buffer adjustment main body to adjust the length of the buffer belt used for driving goods to move between the buffer belt expansion piece and the buffer adjustment main body; the buffer belt telescopic piece is movably arranged at one end of the buffer adjustment main body through a sliding rail and sliding block structure. More than one buffer push cargo cylinder is fixedly arranged on the buffer belt expansion piece. More than one buffer goods pushing cylinder is fixed on the buffer belt expansion piece and can move along with the movement of the buffer belt expansion piece, and the buffer belt can correspond to one end of the buffer belt after the length of the buffer belt for conveying goods is increased so as to push goods; and the adjacent parts of more than two cache pushing pieces are overlapped together so as to be matched with the cache belt. The activity between buffer adjustment main part and the buffer area extensible member can increase the length that is used for carrying the buffer area of goods to the quantity of the goods that can accumulate on the realization increase buffer area, with the quantity of the goods of control propelling movement dress at every turn. The buffer belt is specifically a conveyor belt. The movement between the buffer adjustment main body and the buffer belt telescopic piece can be adjusted manually or by an air cylinder or a motor.

Further, be provided with first buffer memory roller and second buffer memory roller in the buffer memory adjustment main part, be provided with third buffer memory roller and fourth buffer memory roller on the buffer memory area extensible member, the buffer memory area is in proper order the activity set up on first buffer memory roller, third buffer memory roller, second buffer memory roller and fourth buffer memory roller, first buffer memory roller and third buffer memory roller are located the coplanar and the buffer memory area between the two is for the part that is used for transporting goods promptly, and the buffer memory area is after the third buffer memory roller obliquely down around the second buffer memory roller again after the fourth buffer memory roller. The buffer belt is sleeved on the first buffer roller, the second buffer roller, the third buffer roller and the fourth buffer roller, and the buffer belt between the first buffer roller and the third buffer roller can be increased and the buffer belt between the second buffer roller and the fourth buffer roller can be correspondingly decreased due to relative movement between the buffer adjustment main body and the buffer belt telescopic piece. The buffer belt is driven by the prior art, such as a motor and other structures.

Further, a buffer connection component used for grabbing the goods conveyed by the conveying device onto the buffer belt is arranged between the buffer adjustment component and the conveying device; the buffer jointing assembly comprises two buffer clamping pieces, and the two buffer clamping pieces are respectively movably arranged at two sides of the conveying device so as to clamp goods on the conveying device and then drive the goods to the buffer belt; the buffer connection assembly also comprises two buffer connection moving cylinders, two buffer connection moving pieces and two buffer clamping cylinders, and the two buffer connection moving cylinders, the two buffer connection moving pieces and the two buffer clamping cylinders are also respectively arranged at two sides of the conveying device; the buffer memory linking movement air cylinder is fixedly connected with the conveying device, the buffer memory linking movement piece is movably connected with the conveying device through a sliding rail and sliding block structure, the buffer memory clamping air cylinder is fixedly arranged on the buffer memory linking movement piece, the buffer memory clamping piece is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the buffer memory clamping air cylinder, and the buffer memory linking movement piece is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the buffer memory linking movement air cylinder. The setting of buffer memory linking assembly for it is more convenient when goods are transported to buffer memory adjustment assembly from conveyor, and two buffer memory holders of two buffer memory centre gripping cylinder drives carry the goods, and two buffer memory linking motion cylinders drive two buffer memory linking motion pieces simultaneously and move, so that the goods is on buffer memory adjustment assembly under the centre gripping of two buffer memory holders.

Further, the goods loading assembly comprises a goods loading cache assembly used for transversely transporting goods pushed by the cache adjusting assembly to accumulate the goods, and a goods loading pushing assembly used for pushing the goods into the truck when the goods on the goods loading cache assembly are accumulated to a certain degree; the goods loading position is positioned on the goods loading cache component, the goods loading pushing component is fixedly arranged on the goods loading cache component and corresponds to the goods loading position, and the goods loading cache component and the cache adjusting component can be movably connected in an up-and-down sliding manner; the goods loading assembly also comprises a goods loading movable assembly which is fixedly arranged on the cache adjusting assembly and is fixedly connected with the goods loading cache assembly for driving the goods loading cache assembly to move on the cache adjusting assembly; the goods loading buffer memory component is movably connected with the buffer memory adjusting component through a slide rail and slide block structure. The realization principle of the goods loading movable assembly is the prior art, and for example, the air cylinder or the motor is adopted to drive the goods loading buffer memory assembly to move on the buffer memory adjusting assembly. The goods loading cache assembly is arranged, when the goods at the cache adjusting assembly are pushed to the cache adjusting assembly, the goods are transversely transported and accumulated, so that a plurality of goods can be pushed at a time; specifically, although the goods are transversely transported by the goods loading cache assembly and the cache adjusting assembly, the transportation directions of the goods loading cache assembly and the cache adjusting assembly are opposite; when goods are conveyed to one end of the buffer adjustment assembly, the goods are pushed onto the goods buffer assembly by a buffer pushing assembly and are transported towards the other direction by the goods buffer assembly, and after the goods accumulated on the goods buffer assembly are enough, the goods are pushed to the truck by the goods pushing assembly; when the goods are pushed by the goods loading and pushing assembly, the goods are continuously transported on the cache adjusting assembly, and at the moment, the cache pushing assembly does not push the goods, and the goods are accumulated on the cache adjusting assembly; after the goods pushing of the goods feeding and pushing assembly is completed, more than two buffer goods pushing pieces push the goods simultaneously, the accumulated goods are all pushed to the goods feeding and caching assembly, and then the single goods are continuously delivered to the goods feeding and caching assembly through one buffer goods pushing piece.

The goods loading cache component and the cache adjusting component can be movably connected in an up-and-down sliding manner, so that the goods loading cache component can be movably adjusted in position up and down to load goods at different heights in the truck, and the goods can be stacked in multiple layers in the truck; the goods loading movable component can automatically drive the goods loading buffer component to move on the buffer adjustment component.

Further, the goods loading assembly further comprises a goods loading sliding plate, the buffer memory adjusting assembly is connected with one side of the goods loading buffer memory assembly, the goods loading sliding plate is connected with the other end of the goods loading buffer memory assembly, and the goods loading sliding plate is arranged in an inclined mode. The goods can be loaded into the truck along the goods loading sliding plate when being pushed into the truck from the goods loading cache component due to the inclined arrangement of the goods loading sliding plate, so that the goods can be more stably placed.

Furthermore, the buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock is including the buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock, the buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock and the buffer memory subassembly of third, the buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock and buffer memory adjustment subassembly slidable swing joint from top to bottom in the first, the buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock and the buffer memory subassembly activity setting of getting in stock in the second are at the buffer memory subassembly both ends of getting in stock in the first, just buffer memory subassembly and the buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock in the second are through getting in stock buffer memory subassembly both ends activity so that the buffer memory subassembly length of getting in stock extends or shortens. The arrangement of the first goods loading cache component, the second goods loading cache component and the third goods loading cache component can expand the width of the goods loading cache component, so that the goods loading cache component can push more goods at one time. The movement among the first goods loading buffer assembly, the second goods loading buffer assembly and the third goods loading buffer assembly can be controlled manually or driven by a motor or an air cylinder. Goods buffer memory subassembly, second are got in stocks and the setting of buffer memory subassembly is got in the third, combine the setting of buffer memory adjustment main part and buffer belt extensible member, can not the not freight train of equidimension of adaptation, the more facilitate promotion.

Furthermore, all be provided with the plural root cylinder on first buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock, the buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock of second and the buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock of third, just all be provided with on buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock of first buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock, the buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock of second and the buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock of third and be used for driving cylinder pivoted cylinder drive belt. The principle of belt driven rollers is prior art.

Furthermore, the goods loading and pushing assembly comprises a goods loading and pushing plate and a goods loading and pushing driving assembly, the goods loading and pushing plate is arranged on the goods loading driving assembly, and the goods are pushed into the goods by the goods loading and pushing plate under the driving of the goods loading driving assembly. The cargo loading driving assembly is realized by the prior art, such as a motor or an air cylinder.

Furthermore, the goods loading and pushing assembly further comprises a radial push plate pushing cylinder and an oblique push plate pushing cylinder which is obliquely arranged, two ends of the oblique push plate pushing cylinder are respectively hinged to the goods loading and pushing plate and the goods loading and pushing driving assembly, the radial push plate pushing cylinder is fixedly arranged on the goods loading and pushing driving assembly, an output shaft of the radial push plate pushing cylinder corresponds to the goods loading and pushing plate, the goods loading and pushing plate is hinged to the goods loading and pushing driving assembly, an output shaft of the oblique push plate pushing cylinder extends out to enable the goods loading and pushing plate to be turned vertically on the goods loading and pushing driving assembly, and the output shaft of the radial push plate pushing cylinder extends out to be abutted to the goods loading and pushing plate to enable the goods loading and pushing plate to keep a vertical state. The goods feeding pushing plate covers the goods feeding pushing driving assembly before the slant pushing plate pushing cylinder pushes the goods, so that the buffer memory is prevented from being blocked when the goods feeding pushing assembly pushes the goods, when the slant pushing plate pushing cylinder pushes the goods, the goods feeding pushing plate assembly stands until the goods feeding pushing driving assembly is vertical, and at the moment, the radial pushing plate pushing cylinder pushes the output shaft of the cylinder to stretch out to fix the position of the goods feeding pushing plate assembly, so that the goods feeding pushing driving assembly pushes the goods feeding pushing plate to push the goods.

Further, position control mechanism is including first adjusting part and second adjusting part, first adjusting part one end and second adjusting part one end articulate respectively and set up in the conveyor both sides, the first adjusting part other end and the second adjusting part other end all articulate on the mechanism of getting in the goods, get in goods mechanism and conveyor swing joint, first adjusting part and second adjusting part control adjust the angle of getting in the goods between mechanism and the conveyor.

Furthermore, the loading mechanism is provided with a positioning round hole and two movable elliptical holes, and the two movable elliptical holes are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the positioning round hole; the conveying device is provided with three positioning columns corresponding to the positioning round holes and the two movable elliptical holes, the positioning columns can only rotate and move in the positioning round holes, and the positioning columns can move back and forth in the movable elliptical holes. Under the regulation of first adjusting part and second adjusting part, because the setting of two movable elliptical holes, can realize installing the mechanism of getting in stocks on conveyor, can also make the mechanism of getting in stocks adjust on conveyor, and based on the setting of location round hole for the mechanism of getting in stocks only can be transferred as the axle center around the location round hole, makes the angle modulation of the mechanism of getting in stocks more stable controllable.

Further, the first adjusting assembly and the second adjusting assembly are both electric cylinders.

Compared with the prior art, the goods conveying device has the advantages that goods are driven to be conveyed to the goods loading mechanism through the conveying device, and the goods are pushed into the truck through the goods loading mechanism; the conveying device can be a forward and backward type conveying device to realize telescopic transportation, and can also drive the goods loading mechanism to move back and forth when conveying goods to the goods loading mechanism, so that the goods loading mechanism can move in a truck, and the goods can be better loaded into the truck by the goods loading mechanism. In the loading device, the goods are pushed to the wagon through the loading mechanism, so that the loading device can be suitable for loading goods with different packages, sizes and weights; the problem that goods are limited by the shape and weight of the goods due to clamping and loading in the prior art is solved; and when the goods loading mechanism pushes the goods to be loaded, the angle between the goods loading mechanism and the conveying device is adjusted based on the position adjusting mechanism, the angle between the goods loading mechanism and the truck can be adjusted, and when a certain inclination exists between the conveying device and the truck (a space for loading the goods in a truck container), the goods can be accurately placed into the truck, so that the goods are orderly stacked in the truck.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial structural schematic of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a partial advancing-retreating type conveying device and a loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 3 at a.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view at B of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a positioning column and a loading device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a portion of a loading device of an outbound load cache assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, an automatic loading system using the above automatic loading device includes a cargo grasping device 1 for grasping cargo, a retractable forward/backward conveying device 2 (i.e., the above conveying device) having a conveying function, and a loading device 3 for pushing the cargo conveyed by the forward/backward conveying device 2 into a truck; the goods gripping device 1 is connected with the forward and backward type conveying device 2, and the goods loading device 3 is connected with the forward and backward type conveying device 2, and the goods gripping device is characterized in that the goods loading device 3 comprises a position adjusting mechanism 4 and a goods loading mechanism 5 used for pushing goods into a truck, the goods loading mechanism 5 is connected with the forward and backward type conveying device 2, a goods loading position 51 used for placing goods to be pushed is arranged on the goods loading mechanism 5, and a goods loading path used for gripping the goods and transporting the goods to the goods loading position 51 for pushing the goods into the truck is formed from the goods gripping device 1 to the forward and backward type conveying device 2 and then to the goods loading mechanism 5; the position adjusting mechanism 4 is provided on the loading mechanism 5 to adjust an angle between the loading mechanism 5 and the advancing-retreating conveyor 2. The truck is a space for holding goods in a cargo box of the automobile.

Referring to fig. 1-3, further, telescopic support legs 6 with a supporting function are fixedly arranged below the advancing and retreating type conveying device 2, the loading mechanism 5 and the cargo grabbing device 1, and a telescopic motor 61 is arranged in each telescopic support leg 6 to drive the telescopic support legs 6 to stretch.

Referring to fig. 1, further, the cargo gripping device 1 includes a cargo gripping mechanism 11, a first-stage cargo conveyor belt 12 and a second-stage cargo conveyor belt 13, the first-stage cargo conveyor belt 12 is connected to the cargo gripping mechanism 11, and two ends of the second-stage cargo conveyor belt 13 are respectively connected to the first-stage cargo conveyor belt 12 and the retractable conveyor 2. The transport speed of the first level cargo conveyor 12 is lower than the transport speed of the second level cargo conveyor 13.

Referring to fig. 4, further, the loading mechanism 5 is provided with a first sensor assembly 52 for detecting a specific position of the loading mechanism 5 within the truck.

Further, the first sensor assembly 52 includes two transverse sensors 521 and two longitudinal sensors 522, the two transverse sensors 521 are respectively disposed at two sides of the loading mechanism 5, and the two longitudinal sensors 522 are respectively disposed at two ends of the front side of the loading mechanism 5.

Referring to fig. 2-8, further, the loading mechanism 5 includes a loading assembly 53 for pushing goods into the truck, a buffer adjustment assembly 54 for receiving the goods conveyed by the forward-backward conveying device 2 and adjusting the position of the goods, and a buffer pushing assembly 55 for pushing the goods on the buffer adjustment assembly 54 to the loading assembly 53; the goods loading position 51 is positioned on the goods loading assembly 53, the buffer memory adjusting assembly 54 is connected with the forward and backward type conveying device 2, the goods loading assembly 53 is connected with the buffer memory adjusting assembly 54, and the buffer memory goods pushing assembly 55 is fixedly arranged on the buffer memory adjusting assembly 54.

The forward and backward type conveying device 2 is arranged in a radial direction, a buffer belt 541 for transporting goods is transversely arranged on the buffer adjusting assembly 54, and one side of the buffer belt 541 is connected with the forward and backward type conveying device 2; the buffer pushing assembly 55 is positioned on one side of the buffer belt 541, and the loading assembly 53 is positioned on the other side of the buffer belt 541.

The buffer pushing assembly 55 comprises more than two buffer pushing cylinders 551, the more than two buffer pushing cylinders 551 are fixedly arranged on the buffer adjusting assembly 54, the more than two buffer pushing cylinders 551 are fixedly provided with buffer pushing pieces 552 on output shafts, and the more than two buffer pushing pieces 552 are positioned on one side of the buffer belt 541 to correspond to the buffer belt 541.

The buffer adjustment assembly 54 further includes a buffer adjustment body 542 and a buffer belt expansion piece 543, wherein the buffer belt expansion piece 543 is movably disposed at one end of the buffer adjustment body 542, the buffer belt 541 is disposed on the buffer adjustment body 542 and the buffer belt expansion piece 543, and the buffer belt expansion piece 543 is movable on the buffer adjustment body 542 to adjust the length of the buffer belt 541 between the buffer belt expansion piece 543 and the buffer adjustment body 542 for driving the cargo to move; the buffer belt expansion piece 543 is movably arranged at one end of the buffer adjustment main body 542 through a slide rail and slide block structure.

The buffer adjustment body 542 is provided with a first buffer roller 544 and a second buffer roller 545, the buffer belt expansion piece 543 is provided with a third buffer roller 546 and a fourth buffer roller 547, the buffer belt 541 is sequentially and movably arranged on the first buffer roller 544, the third buffer roller 546, the second buffer roller 545 and the fourth buffer roller 547, the first buffer roller 544 and the third buffer roller 546 are located on the same plane, the buffer belt 541 between the first buffer roller 544 and the third buffer roller 546 is a part for transporting goods, and the buffer belt obliquely and downwardly bypasses the fourth buffer roller 547 after passing through the third buffer roller 546 and then obliquely and downwardly bypasses the second buffer roller 545.

A buffer engaging component 21 for grabbing the goods conveyed by the forward and backward conveying device 2 onto the buffer belt 541 is further arranged between the buffer adjusting component 54 and the forward and backward conveying device 2; the buffer jointing assembly 21 comprises two buffer clamping pieces 211, and the two buffer clamping pieces 211 are respectively movably arranged at two sides of the forward and backward type conveying device 2 so as to clamp the goods on the forward and backward type conveying device 2 and then drive the goods to the buffer belt 541; the buffer joining assembly 21 further comprises two buffer joining moving cylinders 212, two buffer joining moving pieces 213 and two buffer clamping cylinders 214, wherein the two buffer joining moving cylinders 212, the two buffer joining moving pieces 213 and the two buffer clamping cylinders 214 are also respectively arranged at two sides of the forward and backward type conveying device 2; the buffer memory engagement moving cylinder 212 is fixedly connected with the advance and retreat type conveying device 2, the buffer memory engagement moving piece 213 is movably connected with the advance and retreat type conveying device 2 through a sliding rail sliding block structure, the buffer memory clamping cylinder 214 is fixedly arranged on the buffer memory engagement moving piece 213, the buffer memory clamping piece 211 is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the buffer memory clamping cylinder 214, and the buffer memory engagement moving piece 213 is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the buffer memory engagement moving cylinder 212.

The goods loading assembly 53 comprises a goods loading cache assembly 531 for transversely transporting goods pushed by the cache adjusting assembly 54 to accumulate the goods, and a goods loading pushing assembly 532 for pushing the goods into the truck when the goods on the goods loading cache assembly 531 are accumulated to a certain degree; the goods loading position 51 is positioned on the goods loading cache component 531, the goods loading push component 532 is fixedly arranged on the goods loading cache component 531 and corresponds to the goods loading position 51, and the goods loading cache component 531 and the cache adjusting component 54 can be movably connected in a vertically sliding manner; the loading assembly 53 further comprises a loading movable assembly 533, the loading movable assembly 533 is fixedly arranged on the cache adjusting assembly 54, and the loading movable assembly 533 is fixedly connected with the loading cache assembly 531, and is used for driving the loading cache assembly 531 to move on the cache adjusting assembly 54; the loading buffer memory component 531 and the buffer memory adjusting component 54 can be movably connected through a slide rail and slide block structure. The loading moving component 533 is an air cylinder or a motor to drive the loading buffer component 531 to move on the buffer adjusting component 54.

The goods loading assembly 53 further comprises a goods loading sliding plate 534, the buffer adjustment assembly 54 is connected with one side of the goods loading buffer assembly 531, the goods loading sliding plate 534 is connected with the other end of the goods loading buffer assembly 531, and the goods loading sliding plate 534 is arranged in an inclined mode.

The loading buffer module 531 comprises a first loading buffer module 5311, a second loading buffer module 5312 and a third loading buffer module 5313, the first loading buffer module 5311 and the buffer adjustment module 54 are movably connected in a vertical sliding manner, the second loading buffer module 5312 and the third loading buffer module 5313 are movably arranged at two ends of the first loading buffer module 5311, and the second loading buffer module 5312 and the third loading buffer module 5313 extend or shorten the length of the loading buffer module 531 by moving at two ends of the first loading buffer module 5311.

A plurality of rollers 5314 are arranged on the first goods loading buffer storage component 5311, the second goods loading buffer storage component 5312 and the third goods loading buffer storage component 5313, and roller driving belts for driving the rollers 5314 to rotate are arranged on the first goods loading buffer storage component 5311, the second goods loading buffer storage component and the third goods loading buffer storage component. The driving belt is in the prior art, and the roller is driven by the rotation of the belt.

Referring to fig. 6, further, the cargo loading and pushing assembly 532 includes a cargo loading and pushing plate 5321 and a cargo loading and pushing driving assembly, the cargo loading and pushing plate 5321 is disposed on the cargo loading and pushing driving assembly 5322, and the cargo loading and pushing plate 5321 is driven by the cargo loading and pushing driving assembly 5322 to push cargo into the truck. The loading driving assembly is the prior art, such as a motor or a cylinder is adopted to realize the function.

Referring to fig. 6, the cargo loading and pushing assembly 532 further includes a radial pushing plate pushing cylinder 5323 and an inclined pushing plate pushing cylinder 5324, two ends of the inclined pushing plate pushing cylinder 5324 are respectively hinged to the cargo loading and pushing plate 5321 and the cargo loading and pushing driving assembly 5322, the radial pushing plate pushing cylinder 5324 is fixedly disposed on the cargo loading and pushing driving assembly 5322, and an output shaft of the radial pushing plate pushing cylinder 5324 corresponds to the cargo loading and pushing plate 5321, the cargo loading and pushing plate 5321 is hinged to the cargo loading and pushing driving assembly 5322, the output shaft of the inclined pushing plate pushing cylinder 5324 extends to make the cargo loading and pushing plate 5321 turn vertically on the cargo loading and pushing driving assembly 5322, and the output shaft of the radial pushing plate pushing cylinder 5324 extends to abut against the cargo loading and pushing plate 5321 to make the cargo loading and pushing plate 5321 keep a vertical state.

Referring to fig. 7, further, the position adjusting mechanism 4 includes a first adjusting component 41 and a second adjusting component 42, one end of the first adjusting component 41 and one end of the second adjusting component 42 are respectively hinged to two sides of the forward and backward type conveying device 2, the other end of the first adjusting component 41 and the other end of the second adjusting component 42 are both hinged to the goods loading mechanism 5, the goods loading mechanism 5 is hinged to the forward and backward type conveying device 2, and the first adjusting component 41 and the second adjusting component 42 control and adjust an angle between the goods loading mechanism 5 and the forward and backward type conveying device 2.

Further, a positioning round hole 56 and two movable elliptical holes 57 are arranged on the loading mechanism 5, and the two movable elliptical holes 57 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the positioning round hole 56; the advancing and retreating type conveying device 2 is provided with three positioning columns 22 corresponding to the positioning round holes 56 and the two movable elliptical holes 57, the positioning columns 22 can only rotate and move in the positioning round holes 56, and the positioning columns 22 can move back and forth in the movable elliptical holes 57.

Further, the first adjusting assembly 41 and the second adjusting assembly 42 are both electric cylinders.

The working process is as follows: firstly), preparing, wherein the goods loading device is driven by the forward and backward type conveying device to extend into the truck, and corresponding telescopic supporting legs on the goods loading device and the forward and backward type conveying device are shortened to be matched with the truck; two transverse sensors and two longitudinal sensors detect and determine the position of the loading mechanism in the truck (and the width of the truck at the same time) and the inclination degree; the position adjusting mechanism adjusts the position between the loading mechanism and the advancing and retreating type conveying device according to the inclination degree of the loading mechanism in the truck; the buffer adjustment assembly adjusts the length of the buffer belt for transporting goods through the movement between the buffer adjustment main body and the buffer belt expansion piece so as to adapt to the width in the truck; the goods loading cache component extends through the relative movement among the first goods loading cache component, the second goods loading cache component and the third goods loading cache component so as to correspond to the cache adjusting component and adapt to the width in the truck.

Secondly), starting to work, the goods grabbing mechanism grabs the goods which are arranged in a pile and continuously puts the goods onto the first-stage goods conveyor belt, the first-stage goods conveyor belt conveys the goods onto the second-stage goods conveyor belt, and the distance between the goods is widened after entering the second-stage goods conveyor belt based on the fact that the conveying speed of the first-stage goods conveyor belt is lower than that of the second-stage goods conveyor belt; goods enter from the side edge of the forward and backward type conveying device under the transportation of the second-level goods conveyor belt and are driven by the forward and backward type conveying device to reach the cache connection assembly; the buffer connecting component grabs the goods and places the goods on the buffer belt so as to change the longitudinal transportation of the goods into the transverse transportation of the goods, the goods are driven by the buffer belt to move to one side of the buffer belt, when the goods are conveyed to one end of the buffer belt, the goods are pushed onto the upper goods buffer component by a buffer pushing component and are transported towards the other direction on the upper goods buffer component; after the goods on the goods loading cache component are accumulated enough, the goods are pushed to the truck by the goods loading and pushing component; when the goods are pushed by the goods loading and pushing assembly, the goods are continuously transported on the cache belt, and at the moment, the cache pushing assembly does not push the goods, and the goods are accumulated on the cache adjusting assembly; after the goods pushing of the goods loading and pushing assembly is finished, more than two buffer goods pushing pieces push the goods simultaneously, all the accumulated goods are pushed to the goods loading and pushing assembly, and then one buffer goods pushing piece continuously delivers the single goods to the goods loading and pushing assembly; the process of pushing the goods is continuously carried out, and the goods are continuously pushed to the truck. Specifically, the goods loading and pushing assembly can push goods each time so that a row of goods can be placed in the truck; the goods loading cache component moves upwards on the cache adjusting component, so that the goods on the goods loading cache component can be placed on the goods placed last time when the goods loading pushing component pushes the goods on the goods loading cache component next time, and stacking is realized; when the goods on the position are fully stacked, the forward and backward type conveying device drives the goods loading device to retreat, the goods are continuously pushed and stacked, and finally the goods are completely stacked in the truck.

Compared with the prior art, the goods conveying device has the advantages that goods are driven to be conveyed to the goods loading mechanism through the conveying device, and the goods are pushed into the truck through the goods loading mechanism; the conveying device can be a forward and backward type conveying device to realize telescopic transportation, and can also drive the goods loading mechanism to move back and forth when conveying goods to the goods loading mechanism, so that the goods loading mechanism can move in a truck, and the goods can be better loaded into the truck by the goods loading mechanism. In the loading device, the goods are pushed to the wagon through the loading mechanism, so that the loading device can be suitable for loading goods with different packages, sizes and weights; the problem that goods are limited by the shape and weight of the goods due to clamping and loading in the prior art is solved; and when the goods loading mechanism pushes the goods to be loaded, the angle between the goods loading mechanism and the conveying device is adjusted based on the position adjusting mechanism, the angle between the goods loading mechanism and the truck can be adjusted, and when a certain inclination exists between the conveying device and the truck (a space for loading the goods in a truck container), the goods can be accurately placed into the truck, so that the goods are orderly stacked in the truck. The conveying device is a conventional one, and preferably has a structure in which conveying is performed by a conveyor belt or a structure in which conveying is performed by a roller.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be able to cover the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic loading device is characterized in that the loading device comprises a loading mechanism for pushing goods into a truck, a conveying device for conveying the goods, and a position adjusting mechanism for adjusting an angle between the conveying device and the loading mechanism, wherein the loading mechanism is connected with the conveying device, a loading position for placing the goods to be pushed is arranged on the loading mechanism, and the conveying device forms a loading path for conveying the goods to the loading position to push the goods into the truck; the goods feeding mechanism and the conveying device are both connected with the position adjusting mechanism, so that the angle between the goods feeding mechanism and the conveying device can be adjusted by the position adjusting mechanism.

2. The automatic loading device of claim 1, wherein the loading mechanism is provided with a first sensor assembly for detecting a specific position of the loading mechanism in the truck; the goods loading mechanism is also provided with a second sensor assembly for detecting the position of the goods van so that the goods loading mechanism can smoothly enter the goods van; the first sensor assembly comprises two transverse sensors and two longitudinal sensors, the two transverse sensors are respectively arranged on two sides of the goods loading mechanism, and the two longitudinal sensors are respectively arranged at two ends of the front side of the goods loading mechanism.

3. The automatic loading device according to claim 1, wherein the loading mechanism comprises a loading assembly for pushing goods into the truck, a buffer adjusting assembly for receiving the goods conveyed by the conveying device and adjusting the position of the goods, and a buffer pushing assembly for pushing the goods on the buffer adjusting assembly to the loading assembly; the goods loading position is positioned on the goods loading assembly, the cache adjusting assembly is connected with the conveying device, the goods loading assembly is connected with the cache adjusting assembly, and the cache goods pushing assembly is fixedly arranged on the cache adjusting assembly;

the conveying device is arranged in a radial direction, a buffer belt for transporting goods is transversely arranged on the buffer adjusting assembly, and one side of the buffer belt is connected with the conveying device; the buffer pushing assembly is located on one side of the buffer belt, and the loading assembly is located on the other side of the buffer belt.

4. The automatic loading device according to claim 3, wherein the buffer pushing assembly comprises more than two buffer pushing cylinders, the more than two buffer pushing cylinders are fixedly arranged on the buffer adjusting assembly, the output shafts of the more than two buffer pushing cylinders are respectively provided with a buffer pushing member, and the more than two buffer pushing members are respectively positioned on one side of the buffer belt.

5. The automatic loading device according to claim 3, wherein the buffer adjustment assembly comprises a buffer adjustment main body and a buffer belt expansion member, the buffer belt expansion member is movably arranged at one end of the buffer adjustment main body, the buffer belt is arranged on the buffer adjustment main body and the buffer belt expansion member, and the buffer belt expansion member is movable on the buffer adjustment main body to adjust the length of the buffer belt for driving the goods to move between the buffer belt expansion member and the buffer adjustment main body; the buffer belt expansion piece is movably arranged at one end of the buffer adjustment main body through a sliding rail and sliding block structure; more than one buffer storage goods pushing cylinder is fixedly arranged on the buffer storage belt telescopic piece;

be provided with first buffer memory roller and second buffer memory roller in the buffer memory adjustment main part, be provided with third buffer memory roller and fourth buffer memory roller on the buffer memory area extensible member, the buffer memory area is in proper order the activity set up on first buffer memory roller, third buffer memory roller, second buffer memory roller and fourth buffer memory roller, first buffer memory roller is located the coplanar with the third buffer memory roller and the buffer memory area between the two is for the part that is used for transporting the goods promptly, and the buffer memory area is after the third buffer memory roller obliquely down around the second buffer memory roller again after obliquely down.

6. The automatic loading device according to claim 3, wherein a buffer engaging component for grabbing the goods conveyed by the conveying device onto the buffer belt is further arranged between the buffer adjusting component and the conveying device; the buffer jointing assembly comprises two buffer clamping pieces, and the two buffer clamping pieces are respectively movably arranged at two sides of the conveying device so as to clamp goods on the conveying device and then drive the goods to the buffer belt; the buffer connection assembly also comprises two buffer connection moving cylinders, two buffer connection moving pieces and two buffer clamping cylinders, and the two buffer connection moving cylinders, the two buffer connection moving pieces and the two buffer clamping cylinders are also respectively arranged at two sides of the conveying device; the buffer memory linking movement air cylinder is fixedly connected with the conveying device, the buffer memory linking movement piece is movably connected with the conveying device through a sliding rail and sliding block structure, the buffer memory clamping air cylinder is fixedly arranged on the buffer memory linking movement piece, the buffer memory clamping piece is fixedly arranged on an output shaft of the buffer memory clamping air cylinder, and the buffer memory linking movement piece is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the buffer memory linking movement air cylinder.

7. The automatic loading device according to claim 3, wherein the loading assembly comprises a loading buffer assembly for transversely transporting the goods pushed by the buffer adjustment assembly to accumulate the goods, and a loading pushing assembly for pushing the goods into the truck when the goods accumulated on the loading buffer assembly reach a certain degree; the goods loading position is positioned on the goods loading cache component, the goods loading pushing component is fixedly arranged on the goods loading cache component and corresponds to the goods loading position, and the goods loading cache component and the cache adjusting component can be movably connected in an up-and-down sliding manner; the goods loading assembly also comprises a goods loading movable assembly which is fixedly arranged on the cache adjusting assembly and is fixedly connected with the goods loading cache assembly for driving the goods loading cache assembly to move on the cache adjusting assembly; the goods loading cache component is movably connected with the cache adjusting component through a slide rail and slide block structure;

the goods loading assembly further comprises a goods loading sliding plate, the buffer memory adjusting assembly is connected with one side of the goods loading buffer memory assembly, the goods loading sliding plate is connected with the other end of the goods loading buffer memory assembly, and the goods loading sliding plate is arranged in an inclined mode.

8. The automatic loading device according to claim 7, wherein the loading buffer assembly comprises a first loading buffer assembly, a second loading buffer assembly and a third loading buffer assembly, the first loading buffer assembly is movably connected with the buffer adjustment assembly in a vertical sliding manner, the second loading buffer assembly and the third loading buffer assembly are movably arranged at two ends of the first loading buffer assembly, and the second loading buffer assembly and the third loading buffer assembly can extend or shorten the length of the loading buffer assembly by moving at two ends of the first loading buffer assembly;

all be provided with the plural number cylinder on first buffer memory subassembly, the second buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock and the third buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock, just all be provided with on first buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock, the second buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock and the third buffer memory subassembly of getting in stock and be used for driving cylinder pivoted cylinder drive belt.

9. The automatic loading device of claim 7, wherein the loading and pushing assembly comprises a loading and pushing plate and a loading and pushing driving assembly, the loading and pushing plate is arranged on the loading driving assembly, and the loading and pushing plate is driven by the loading driving assembly to push the goods into the truck;

the goods loading and pushing assembly further comprises a radial push plate pushing cylinder and an oblique push plate pushing cylinder, the two ends of the oblique push plate pushing cylinder are hinged to a goods loading and pushing plate and a goods loading and pushing driving assembly respectively, the radial push plate pushing cylinder is fixedly arranged on the goods loading and pushing driving assembly, an output shaft of the radial push plate pushing cylinder corresponds to the goods loading and pushing plate, the goods loading and pushing plate is hinged to the goods loading and pushing driving assembly, an output shaft of the oblique push plate pushing cylinder extends out to enable the goods loading and pushing plate to be turned vertically on the goods loading and pushing driving assembly, and an output shaft of the radial push plate pushing cylinder extends out to be abutted to the goods loading and pushing plate to enable the goods loading and pushing plate to keep a vertical state.

10. The automatic loading device according to claim 1, wherein the position adjusting mechanism comprises a first adjusting component and a second adjusting component, one end of the first adjusting component and one end of the second adjusting component are respectively hinged to two sides of the conveying device, the other end of the first adjusting component and the other end of the second adjusting component are both hinged to the loading mechanism, the loading mechanism is movably connected with the conveying device, and the first adjusting component and the second adjusting component control and adjust the angle between the loading mechanism and the conveying device;

the goods loading mechanism is provided with a positioning round hole and two movable elliptical holes, and the two movable elliptical holes are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the positioning round hole; the conveying device is provided with three positioning columns corresponding to the positioning round holes and the two movable elliptical holes, the positioning columns can only rotate and move in the positioning round holes, and the positioning columns can move back and forth in the movable elliptical holes.