CN112828252A - Method for determining plasma heating position of tundish by using physical model - Google Patents
Method for determining plasma heating position of tundish by using physical model Download PDFInfo
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- CN112828252A CN112828252A CN201911155081.1A CN201911155081A CN112828252A CN 112828252 A CN112828252 A CN 112828252A CN 201911155081 A CN201911155081 A CN 201911155081A CN 112828252 A CN112828252 A CN 112828252A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/005—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like with heating or cooling means
- B22D41/01—Heating means
- B22D41/015—Heating means with external heating, i.e. the heat source not being a part of the ladle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for determining a plasma heating position of a tundish by using a physical model, which comprises the following steps: manufacturing a model, determining parameters, injecting water, heating, measuring, drawing a curve and the like. According to the method for determining the plasma heating position of the tundish by using the physical model, the RTD curve and the temperature distribution change curve are obtained by comparing different heating positions, and the plasma heating effect of the tundish at different heating positions can be better reflected. Compared with a field experiment method, the method is scientific, reliable, simple and convenient, has strong operability and saves early-stage experiment cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for determining a plasma heating position of a tundish by using a physical model, belonging to the technical field of metallurgy.
Background
The tundish metallurgy is used as a container for receiving a steel ladle and a crystallizer, and plays an important role in controlling the quality of steel. In the continuous casting process, in the process of injecting molten steel in a steel ladle into a tundish, heat loss of different degrees exists, and the temperature fluctuation of the molten steel in the tundish seriously influences the quality of steel. Therefore, the temperature control in the tundish is of great importance for improving the continuous casting productivity and the quality of the continuous casting billet. The temperature in the tundish is too low, the fluidity of molten steel is poor, a water gap is easy to block, and surface defects are formed; and high temperature can cause coarse grains and seriously affect the quality of center segregation of the continuous casting slab. In order to realize constant temperature pouring in the continuous casting process, the molten steel in the tundish can be heated by using a plasma heating technology.
The tundish plasma heating has the characteristics of energy concentration, high temperature, flexible adjustment of heating power, realization of accurate temperature control and the like, and plasma gas forms a clean environment at the molten steel surface, so that the molten steel is free from pollution, the tundish plasma heating device can be independently installed on the tundish, and the tundish plasma heating device is good in operability and maintainability.
The tundish plasma heating technology can quickly compensate the temperature of the molten steel, reduce the temperature drop of the tundish, and influence the heating effect of plasma heating and the temperature field and flow field in the tundish due to different heating positions. A more uniform temperature field can be obtained at a reasonable heating position, the temperature drop of the molten steel in the tundish is effectively reduced, and the overall temperature of the molten steel in the tundish can be improved in a short time.
In the prior art, the plasma heating position of the tundish is only adjusted on site, the heating effect is random, and scientific basis is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the shortcomings of the above-described technique are overcome and a method for determining an optimal location for plasma heating of a tundish using a physical model is provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a method for determining a location of plasma heating of a tundish using a physical model, comprising the steps of:
(1) manufacturing a tundish plasma heating organic glass model according to the size of the tundish and the position and the size of an internal flow control device in the tundish; the bottom of the model is provided with a water outlet; the water outlet is provided with a conductivity meter; the conductivity meter is connected with the data recorder; a plurality of thermocouples are arranged in the model; the thermocouple is connected with a temperature recorder; the top of the model is connected with a ladle through a long nozzle; the internal flow control device comprises a retaining wall, a dam and a turbulence suppressor;
(2) determining model parameters, wherein the conditions that the water flow in the model is similar to the molten steel flow in the tundish are that the Re number and the Fr number are kept unchanged,
(3) injecting water into the steel ladle, and opening the long nozzle to inject water into the model when the water is injected into two thirds of the steel ladle;
(4) when the water level in the model reaches the working liquid level position, the water outlet is opened, the water outlet flow is adjusted to 3.67L/min +/-50%, and the water inlet flow of the long water gap is adjusted to stabilize the liquid level in the model at the working liquid level;
(5) when the liquid level is stable, a steam generator is used, steam is blown into a certain position of the liquid level in the model through a steam pipeline, the flow of the steam is adjusted to be 6kg/h +/-50%, and temperature data measured by the thermocouple is collected;
(6) after 5 minutes, adding a tracer at the position of the long nozzle, collecting conductivity data measured by the conductivity meter, stopping collecting after 40 minutes, and stopping blowing water vapor into the model after 5 minutes;
(7) changing the position of the steam blowing, and repeating the steps (3) to (6);
(8) measuring a flow field in the model by adopting a stimulus-response method, measuring the residence time and the average residence time of each flow in the model, and drawing an RTD curve;
(9) calculating the average residence time, the stagnation time and the peak time of each flow in the model and the proportion of a dead zone, a piston zone and a total mixing zone of the tundish through an RTD curve; and selecting an optimal heating position.
The scheme is further improved in that: the ratio of the model to the tundish is 1: and 4, the ratio of the steam generator power to the tundish plasma heating power is consistent with the ratio of the model to the tundish.
The scheme is further improved in that: the tracer is a saturated potassium chloride solution.
The scheme is further improved in that: the bottom of the model is provided with two water outlets.
The scheme is further improved in that: the thermocouple is arranged at the two water outlets of the model, at the bottoms of the two retaining walls of the internal flow control device, in the middle of the retaining wall and at the upper part of the water outlet.
According to the method for determining the plasma heating position of the tundish by using the physical model, the RTD curve and the temperature distribution change curve are obtained by comparing different heating positions, and the plasma heating effect of the tundish at different heating positions can be better reflected. Compared with a field experiment method, the method is scientific, reliable, simple and convenient, has strong operability and saves early-stage experiment cost.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Examples
The method for determining the plasma heating position of the tundish by using the physical model comprises the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a tundish plasma heating organic glass model according to the size of the tundish and the position and the size of an internal flow control device in the tundish; the ratio of the model to the tundish is 1: 4; the internal flow control device comprises a retaining wall, a dam and a turbulence suppressor;
as shown in fig. 1; the bottom of the model is provided with two water outlets; a conductivity meter is arranged at the water outlet; the conductivity meter is connected with the data recorder; a plurality of T-shaped thermocouples are arranged in the model; the thermocouple is connected with a temperature recorder; the thermocouple is used for measuring the temperature distribution condition in the model and monitoring the temperature change of the tundish in real time through the non-temperature recorder;
the top of the model is connected with a ladle through a long nozzle; in order to facilitate the injection of the tracer, a tracer injection device is arranged at the long nozzle, and the tracer is a saturated potassium chloride solution;
in the embodiment, high-temperature steam sprayed out by a steam generator is used as a device for simulating plasma heating, and the ratio of the power of the steam generator to the plasma heating power of a tundish is consistent with the ratio of a model to the tundish; the steam is saturated high-temperature steam under 0.6MPa, the steam temperature is 150-160 ℃, and the distance between the steam outlet and the working liquid surface is 50 mm;
(2) determining model parameters, wherein the conditions that the water flow in the model is similar to the molten steel flow in the tundish are that the Re number and the Fr number are kept unchanged,
(3) injecting water into the steel ladle, and opening the long nozzle to inject water into the model when the water is injected into two thirds of the steel ladle;
(4) when the water level in the model reaches the working liquid level position, opening the water outlet, adjusting the water outlet flow to 3.67L/min, and adjusting the water inlet flow of the long water port to stabilize the liquid level in the model at the working liquid level;
(5) when the liquid level is stable, a steam generator is used, steam is blown into a certain position of the liquid level in the model through a steam pipeline, the flow of the steam is adjusted to 6kg/h, and temperature data measured by a thermocouple are collected;
(6) after 5 minutes, adding 100 ml of tracer at the long nozzle, collecting conductivity data measured by a conductivity meter, stopping collecting after 40 minutes, and stopping blowing steam into the model after 5 minutes;
(7) changing the position of the steam blowing, and repeating the steps (3) to (6);
(8) measuring a flow field in the model by adopting a stimulus-response method, measuring the residence time and the average residence time of each flow in the model, and drawing an RTD curve;
(9) calculating the average residence time, the stagnation time and the peak time of each flow in the model and the proportion of a dead zone, a piston zone and a full mixing zone of the tundish through an RTD curve; and selecting an optimal heating position.
When the heating position is on the inner side of the retaining wall, the thermocouple temperature measuring points are positioned at two outlets of the model, the bottoms of the two retaining walls of the model and the middle part of the retaining wall; when the heating position is outside the retaining wall, 1 thermocouple temperature measuring point is located at two outlets of the model, the bottoms of the two retaining walls in the model, 5 and the upper part of the water outlet (the distance between the working liquid level and the bottom of the tundish is half), wherein temperature data is collected every 20s for 45 min.
According to the steps, RTD curves and temperature change graphs under two heating modes of the inner side and the outer side of the retaining wall are obtained, when the heating position is located on the inner side of the retaining wall, compared with the situation that the stagnation time is increased under the condition of not heating, the peak time is greatly increased, the dead zone proportion is greatly increased, the piston area proportion is reduced, and the full mixing area proportion is reduced. When the heating position is positioned on the outer side of the retaining wall, the stagnation time is reduced, probably because the water on the outer side of the retaining wall is always in a random flow state due to the impact effect of high-temperature water vapor, so that the time for the fluid to reach the water outlet after passing through the retaining wall is shortened, the peak time is obviously prolonged, the average residence time is reduced to some extent, and the dead zone ratio is increased to some extent.
When the heating position is arranged on the inner side of the retaining wall, the temperature of the retaining wall can be rapidly increased along with the start of heating, the temperature of the water outlet can be increased after a period of time, and the temperature of the retaining wall is firstly reduced after the heating is stopped. When the steam flow is 6kg/h, the temperature of the water outlet of the model rises by about 7 ℃, the heating rate is 0.7 ℃/min, the temperature of the middle part of the model is slightly lower than that of the edge part, the temperature of the bottom of the retaining wall is slightly lower than that of the middle part of the retaining wall, and the temperature distribution in the model is uniform.
When the heating position is outside the retaining wall, the temperature of the retaining wall position is kept unchanged, because the fluid flows from the inner side to the outer side of the model, the temperature measured in the model retaining wall is supposed to be unchanged, and only the temperature on the outer side of the retaining wall is supposed to be changed. When the steam flow is 6kg/h, the temperature of the water outlet rises by about 10 ℃, but the temperature of the liquid in the middle of the model cannot be heated, and when the steam flow is too low, the temperature of the water outlet does not rise, so that the temperature distribution of the model is not uniform as a whole.
With the above two heating positions, and without heating, it can be seen that plasma-mode heating can effectively raise the outlet molten steel temperature, and that the overall temperature is more uniform at the same time and higher temperature can be maintained in a short time when heating inside the retaining wall, compared to heating without plasma and heating outside the retaining wall.
Through the analysis of the results, a better heating position of the plasma of the tundish can be obtained, and the plasma is used for heating the inside of the retaining wall. According to the steps, a better result of the plasma heating model of the tundish is obtained, and a better heating position of the plasma heating of the tundish is designed.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for determining a location of plasma heating of a tundish using a physical model, comprising the steps of:
(1) manufacturing a tundish plasma heating organic glass model according to the size of the tundish and the position and the size of an internal flow control device in the tundish; the bottom of the model is provided with a water outlet; the water outlet is provided with a conductivity meter; the conductivity meter is connected with the data recorder; a plurality of thermocouples are arranged in the model; the thermocouple is connected with a temperature recorder; the top of the model is connected with a ladle through a long nozzle; the internal flow control device comprises a retaining wall, a dam and a turbulence suppressor;
(2) determining model parameters, wherein the conditions that the water flow in the model is similar to the molten steel flow in the tundish are that the Re number and the Fr number are kept unchanged,
(3) injecting water into the steel ladle, and opening the long nozzle to inject water into the model when the water is injected into two thirds of the steel ladle;
(4) when the water level in the model reaches the working liquid level position, the water outlet is opened, the water outlet flow is adjusted to 3.67L/min +/-50%, and the water inlet flow of the long water gap is adjusted to stabilize the liquid level in the model at the working liquid level;
(5) when the liquid level is stable, a steam generator is used, steam is blown into a certain position of the liquid level in the model through a steam pipeline, the flow of the steam is adjusted to be 6kg/h +/-50%, and temperature data measured by the thermocouple is collected;
(6) after 5 minutes, adding a tracer at the position of the long nozzle, collecting conductivity data measured by the conductivity meter, stopping collecting after 40 minutes, and stopping blowing water vapor into the model after 5 minutes;
(7) changing the position of the steam blowing, and repeating the steps (3) to (6);
(8) measuring a flow field in the model by adopting a stimulus-response method, measuring the residence time and the average residence time of each flow in the model, and drawing an RTD curve;
(9) calculating the average residence time, the stagnation time and the peak time of each flow in the model and the proportion of a dead zone, a piston zone and a total mixing zone of the tundish through an RTD curve; and selecting an optimal heating position.
2. The method of determining a location of a plasma heating in a tundish using a physical model of claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the model to the tundish is 1: and 4, the ratio of the steam generator power to the tundish plasma heating power is consistent with the ratio of the model to the tundish.
3. The method of determining a location of a plasma heating in a tundish using a physical model of claim 1, wherein: the tracer is a saturated potassium chloride solution.
4. The method of determining a location of a plasma heating in a tundish using a physical model of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the model is provided with two water outlets.
5. The method of determining a location of a plasma heating in a tundish as claimed in claim 4, wherein the physical model comprises: the thermocouple is arranged at the two water outlets of the model, at the bottoms of the two retaining walls of the internal flow control device, in the middle of the retaining wall and at the upper part of the water outlet.
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| CN201911155081.1A CN112828252A (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | Method for determining plasma heating position of tundish by using physical model |
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| CN201911155081.1A CN112828252A (en) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | Method for determining plasma heating position of tundish by using physical model |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114433805A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-05-06 | 北京奥邦新材料有限公司 | Method, device and system for measuring liquid level of molten steel in tundish |
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2019
- 2019-11-22 CN CN201911155081.1A patent/CN112828252A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (5)
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| J.DE.J.BARRERO-SANDOVAL ETAL: "Physical modelling of Tundish of tundish plasma heating and its mathematical interpretation", 《ISIJ INTERNATIONGAL》 * |
| M.A. BARRON-MEZA ETAL: "Physical and Mathematical Models of Steel Flow and Heat Transfer in a Tundish Heated by Plasma", 《METALLURGICAL AND MATERAILS TRANSACTIONS B》 * |
| 张朝晖等: "临钢板坯连铸机中间包物理模拟与数学模拟实验研究", 《连铸》 * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114433805A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-05-06 | 北京奥邦新材料有限公司 | Method, device and system for measuring liquid level of molten steel in tundish |
| CN114433805B (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-07-05 | 北京奥邦新材料有限公司 | Method, device and system for measuring liquid level of molten steel in tundish |
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