CN112827515A - Concentration-controllable smoke environment test field and test method - Google Patents

Concentration-controllable smoke environment test field and test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112827515A
CN112827515A CN202011423735.7A CN202011423735A CN112827515A CN 112827515 A CN112827515 A CN 112827515A CN 202011423735 A CN202011423735 A CN 202011423735A CN 112827515 A CN112827515 A CN 112827515A
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smoke
dust
environment
test
concentration
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查冰婷
徐陈又诗
包家倩
李红霞
张合
周郁
陈璟宜
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L1/00—Enclosures; Chambers
    • B01L1/04—Dust-free rooms or enclosures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/59—Transmissivity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/4802—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
    • G01V8/10—Detecting, e.g. by using light barriers

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Abstract

The invention discloses a concentration-controllable smoke environment test field and a test method in the field of laser detection. The smoke dust generating device quantitatively sends the smoke dust into the smoke dust environment simulation area, and the smoke dust concentration, the wind speed, the temperature and the humidity in the smoke dust environment simulation area are monitored in real time by the smoke dust environment measuring system, so that the quantitative control of the blown smoke dust and the multi-point real-time monitoring of the smoke dust concentration in the smoke dust environment simulation area are realized, and the output wind speed of the smoke dust generating device can be controlledvAnd mass flow ratem TFRAnd regulating the smoke environment concentration in the smoke environment simulation area. The invention provides a design scheme and a test method of a concentration-controllable smoke environment test field, and solves the problem that the existing smoke environment test field is not suitable for the smoke environment test fieldThe smoke dust test device has the advantages that the experimental equipment cannot form a smoke dust test plane with certain concentration and continuity and the smoke dust concentration range is small, and the smoke dust test device can be used for a laser detection device to perform a smoke dust interference resistance performance test experiment.

Description

Concentration-controllable smoke environment test field and test method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of laser detection, and particularly relates to a concentration-controllable smoke environment test field and a test method.
Background
The laser detection system has the advantages of high directivity, high coherence, high response speed, high distance precision, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like, and is mainly applied to short-range detection; in a severe natural environment, such as cloud, rain, snow, smoke, etc., laser detection is severely interfered. In the process of detecting a target by laser equipment, smoke particles in an actual use environment can affect the transmission performance of laser, and backscatter echoes generated by the smoke particles cause backscatter noise interference on laser detection, so that the detection performance of the laser equipment is greatly reduced and even fails.
In order to improve the performance of a detection target of laser equipment, related researchers carry out a large amount of research on laser smoke interference resistance experiments. Because the natural environment changes and surveys, the current site environment of the experiment can not reappear basically, so it needs to establish the corresponding smoke environment laboratory, under the laboratory condition, the smoke environment is reduced equivalently, in order to complete the transmission characteristic research of the laser in the smoke environment. The traditional smoke dust interference resisting experiment of laser detection is generally carried out by a small-volume test box, for example, long straight smoke tubes with the diameter of 50cm are adopted in pulse laser fuze smoke backscattering characteristic research of Chen Hui Ming et al, and a certain mass of smoke cakes are ignited in a weighing mode to carry out the experiment of influence of smoke mass concentration on laser echo; and establishing a square smoke test box with the side length of 0.8m in the transmission characteristic analysis and simulation of laser in the smoke environment like Renai and Yong and the like, and establishing a smoke simulation test environment by adding quantitative smoke into the box and continuously blowing air by using a fan to ensure that the smoke continuously moves in the box, thereby using a laser detection device to explore the transmittance of the laser in the smoke environment. However, as the particles do turbulent motion in the test chamber, the concentration distribution of the smoke particles in the test chamber is not uniform, and each experimental device cannot form a dust experimental plane with certain concentration and continuity, so that the quantitative relation between the smoke concentration and the transmission characteristic of the laser penetrating through the smoke cannot be obtained, and the analysis of target laser echo signals in a smoke environment cannot be completed by adding targets, and meanwhile, the defects that the smoke concentration range is small due to the small specification of the experimental device and the like exist. In order to obtain the detection performance of laser equipment and the change rule of smoke concentration, complete the research on target laser echo characteristics of different targets and relative positions of smoke in different types and different concentrations of smoke environments, laser working parameters which are most suitable for penetrating smoke and the like, a smoke test field and a test method which are suitable for a laser detection device to perform a smoke interference resistance test are urgently needed to be built.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a concentration-controllable smoke environment test field and a test method, which can be applied to the research of the quantitative relation between the penetration performance of a laser detection device in a smoke environment and smoke concentration and the difference analysis of laser irradiation target echoes and irradiation smoke echoes. The invention solves the problems that the existing experimental equipment can not form a smoke dust experimental plane with uniform and continuous concentration, so that the quantitative relation between the laser transmission characteristic and the accurate concentration can not be obtained, and the target characteristic of laser detection in the smoke dust environment can not be researched. Meanwhile, the problems that the smoke concentration range is small and the simulated smoke thickness is thin in a smoke test can be solved, and test infrastructure guarantee and test scheme guidance are provided for the smoke interference resistance test of the laser detection device.
The technical solution of the purpose of the invention is as follows: a concentration-controllable smoke environment test field comprises a smoke generating device, a smoke environment measuring system, a movable target plate, a movable laser device experiment table, a dust collecting and pressure relieving device and a test room, wherein the test room is sequentially divided into a laser detection area, a smoke environment simulation area and a smoke recovery and sedimentation area from front to back, a partition wall is arranged between the smoke environment simulation area and the smoke recovery and sedimentation area, and a through hole is formed in the partition wall; the movable laser device experiment table is arranged in the laser detection area; the outlet of the smoke generating device, the smoke environment measuring system and the movable target plate are all arranged in the smoke environment simulation area; the dust collecting and pressure relieving device is fixed on the through hole of the partition wall and is used for connecting the smoke environment simulation area and the smoke recovery and sedimentation area.
The smoke dust generating device generates smoke dust, the smoke dust is quantitatively sent into a smoke dust environment simulation area, and the output wind speed v and the mass flow rate m of the smoke dust generating device are controlledTFRRegulating the smoke environment concentration in the smoke environment simulation area; the smoke environment measuring system monitors the smoke concentration, the wind speed, the temperature and the humidity in the smoke environment simulation area in real time, and ensures that a smoke environment test surface with uniform concentration is formed; the movable target plate is used for changing the relative position between the target and the smoke environment; the movable laser device experiment table positioned in the laser detection area is used for matching with a target plate to perform a laser experiment in a smoke environment; when the smoke dust in the smoke dust environment simulation area is subjected to dust collection, filtration and pressure relief through the dust collection and pressure relief device, the smoke dust enters the rear-stage settling chamber for settling and recycling.
A test method based on a concentration-controllable smoke environment test field comprises the following test steps:
step 1, preparing a smoke dust sample according to test requirements, and recording test initial data;
step 2, starting the test, and adjusting the speed v and the mass flow rate m of the smoke dust generating deviceTFRAnd controlling a smoke environment simulation area to form a smoke plane with uniform concentration, adjusting the distance between the movable target plate and the laser detection device, carrying out a transmission characteristic experiment of the related laser in the smoke environment and recording experiment data.
Step 2-1, opening a smoke environment measuring system of the smoke environment simulation area, and adjusting the temperature and humidity of the smoke environment simulation area through a temperature and humidity regulator according to test requirements and keeping the temperature and humidity in a test requirement state;
step 2-2, opening the dust collecting and pressure relieving device and the smoke dust generating device, and opening the oscilloscope and the laser detection device when a plurality of smoke dust concentration measuring instruments reach the smoke dust concentration value required by the smoke dust test of the laser detection device to perform the transmission characteristic test of laser in a smoke dust environment;
and 2-3, according to the smoke test requirements of the laser detection device, adjusting the distance between the movable target plate and the laser detection device and the position relation between the movable target plate and the smoke environment by a tester, and recording echo signals of the laser detection device at different moments and at different detection distances by using an oscilloscope.
And 3, recording environment measurement data, closing the experimental equipment, and performing cleaning of the test field and recycling of less residual smoke dust.
Step 3-1, closing the smoke generating device, the temperature and humidity regulator, the temperature and humidity instrument, the anemoscope, the oscilloscope and the laser detection device;
step 3-2, closing all smoke concentration measuring instruments after particles in the smoke environment simulation area are settled and the concentration value is lower than a human body safety value;
and 3-3, after the dust protection measures are taken, cleaning a smoke simulation area and recovering a small amount of residual smoke.
And 4, collating the test data and analyzing the test data.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that:
(1) the test field can form a smoke dust test plane with uniform concentration and longer duration;
(2) the test field of the invention controls the wind speed v and the mass flow rate m of the smoke generating device 21TFRCan adjust the smoke environment concentration in the smoke environment simulation area, and has a large adjustment range (0-10 g/m)3)；
(3) The test field can be used for simulating the smoke environment with larger smoke thickness, and the smoke thickness is more than or equal to 3 m;
(4) the test field and the test method can be used for researching the detection performance of the laser detection device, the change rule of the smoke concentration and the smoke interference resistance performance test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a smoke environment simulation test field device.
FIG. 2 is a planning diagram of the smoke environment simulation test field division of the invention.
FIG. 3 shows the wind speed v is 5m/s and the mass flow rate mTFRUnder the condition of 0.3g/s, the smoke test field simulates a concentration distribution diagram.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a control relationship of the test field device according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the smoke generator of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the opening of the air knife of the smoke generator of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
With reference to fig. 1 to 6, a concentration quantitative control smoke environment simulation test field comprises a smoke generating device 21, a smoke environment measuring system, a movable target plate 19, a movable laser device laboratory bench, a dust collecting and pressure relieving device 22 and a test room, wherein the test room is sequentially divided into a laser detection area, a smoke environment simulation area and a smoke recovery settlement area from front to back, a partition wall is arranged between the smoke environment simulation area and the smoke recovery settlement area, and through holes are formed in the partition wall; the movable laser device experiment table is arranged in the laser detection area; the outlet of the smoke generating device 21, the smoke environment measuring system and the movable target plate 19 are all arranged in the smoke environment simulation area; the dust collecting and pressure relieving device 22 is fixed on a through hole of the partition wall and is used for connecting the smoke environment simulation area and the smoke recycling and settling area. The overall test field structure size is L × W × H, and the overall test field implementation size is 23m × 8m × 2.5m, and the test field operating size composed of three large regions is 22m × 2m × 2.5 m.
The smoke generator 21 generates smoke, the smoke is quantitatively sent into a smoke environment simulation area, and the output wind speed v and the mass flow rate m of the smoke generator 21 are controlledTFRRegulating the smoke environment concentration in the smoke environment simulation area; the smoke environment measuring system monitors the smoke concentration, the wind speed, the temperature and the humidity in a smoke environment test field in real time, and ensures that a smoke environment test surface with uniform concentration is formed; a movable target plate 19 for changing the phase between the target and the smoke environmentPosition alignment; the movable laser device experiment table positioned in the laser detection area is used for matching with a target plate to perform a laser experiment in a smoke environment; when the smoke dust in the smoke dust environment simulation area passes through the dust collecting and pressure releasing device 22, the dust is collected, filtered and released with pressure, and then enters the post-stage settling chamber for settling and recycling.
The two sets of smoke generating devices 21 are symmetrically arranged along the bottoms of the walls on two sides of the smoke environment simulation area, the outlets of the smoke generating devices 21 are positioned in the smoke environment simulation area and are flush with the wall surface, and the two sets of smoke generating devices 21 are arranged in the smoke environment simulation area at equal wind speed v and equal mass flow rate mTFRThe smoke dust is blown into the ground, and a smoke dust environment with uniform concentration is formed on a vertical plane formed at the junction of the two smoke dusts. Wind speed v 5m/s, mass flow rate mTFRUnder the condition of 0.3g/s, the effect of the smoke concentration distribution of the vertical plane at the intersection is shown in figure 3. When the time t is 5s, a smoke dust test plane with uniform concentration can be obtained, and the concentration range is 1.6-1.8 g/m3. Therefore, by adjusting the wind speed and the smoke mass flow rate at the outlet of the smoke generator 21, uniform smoke environment test planes with different concentrations can be obtained and supplied to the laser detection device for a series of related experiments, and the outlet length of the smoke generator 21 is equivalent to the thickness of the smoke environment, and is less than or equal to 3m according to the common smoke thickness.
The smoke environment measuring system comprises a temperature and humidity regulator 16, a temperature and humidity instrument 17, an anemoscope 20 and a plurality of smoke concentration measuring instruments 18; a plurality of smoke concentration measuring instruments 18 are arranged on one side wall of the smoke environment simulation area and above an outlet of the smoke generating device 21 at equal intervals, two temperature and humidity instruments 17 are fixed on the wall of the same side at intervals, a temperature and humidity regulator 16 regulates the temperature and the humidity of the smoke environment simulation area through an air conditioner and a humidifier, and an anemoscope 20 is arranged close to one end of the outlet of the smoke generating device 21 and used for measuring the wind speed value output by the smoke generating device at the current moment. The plurality of smoke concentration measuring instruments 18, the humiture instruments 17 and the anemoscope 20 can display the smoke concentration value, the humiture value and the wind speed value in the smoke environment simulation area in real time, and are favorable for testers to check, record and analyze the smoke environment condition. Installation height of smoke concentration measuring instrument 18The height of the laser detection device 14 in the test area of the laser detection device is the same, namely the smoke environment range detected by the smoke concentration measuring instrument 18 is the laser beam irradiation range of the laser detection device 14, so that the correctness and the reliability of the experimental conclusion are ensured. The plurality of smoke concentration measuring instruments 11 measure smoke concentration through the back scattering principle of light, and the range of the measured smoke concentration is 0-10 g/m3The accuracy was 0.01%.
The movable target plate 19 moves back and forth on the wall-mounted electric track along the smoke environment simulation area to simulate different positions of the target in the smoke environment. The wall-mounted electric track is 6m long, is arranged above the outlets of the smoke generating devices 21 on two sides of the wall of the smoke environment simulation area and is close to the roof. The movable target plate 19 can be controlled by a remote controller, the multi-gear speed is adjustable, the moving distance precision is 1cm, and the target surface material of the movable target plate 19 can be automatically replaced, and the movable target plate comprises kraft paper, a standard reflecting plate, a pine board and the like, and can be used for researching the laser echo signal difference of targets with different reflection characteristics in a smoke environment; by adjusting the position of the movable target plate 19 in the soot environment: the laser echo signal analysis experiment of different target positions in the smoke environment can be carried out before and in the smoke environment.
The movable laser device experiment table comprises a movable instrument mounting platform 12, an oscilloscope 13, a laser detection device 14 and a transparent partition 11, wherein the oscilloscope 13 and the laser detection device 14 are fixed on the movable instrument mounting platform 12, the oscilloscope 13 is connected with the laser detection device 14, the transparent partition 11 is fixed on the rear end face of the movable instrument mounting platform 12, and the periphery of the transparent partition 11 is in sliding contact with the four walls of the experiment room through hairbrush strips. The rollers are arranged under the movable instrument mounting platform 12, are matched with two ground-attaching rails with the length of 15m for use, can do linear motion along the two ground-attaching rails 3, and adjust the distance between the laser detection device 14 and the smoke environment and the movable target plate 19. The oscilloscope 13 and the laser detection device 14 are arranged on the movable instrument mounting platform 12, and the working height of the laser detection device 14 is the same as the mounting height of the smoke concentration measuring instrument 11. The transparent partition 11 separates the laser detection area from the smoke environment simulation area, so that the physical harm caused by the exposure of the testers in the smoke environment is avoided; the transparent partition 11 is made of a high-transmittance plate (e.g., a full-transmittance acrylic plate) and can be penetrated by a laser beam emitted by the laser detection device 14 and a reflected beam irradiated to the target or the smoke by one hundred percent without beam reflection or deflection errors. In the laser detection area, a transmission characteristic research test of related laser under a smoke environment can be carried out.
The size of the smoke dust settling and recovering area is 2m multiplied by 2.5m, the smoke dust enters the smoke dust settling and recovering area after being processed by the dust collecting and pressure relieving device 22, and the simulated smoke dust environment is concentrated at the outlet of the smoke dust generating device 21 in the smoke dust simulation area and the position close to the dust collecting and pressure relieving device 22. The smoke and dust in the smoke and dust environment simulation area are collected, filtered and discharged into the settling chamber for recycling through the dust collecting and pressure relieving device 22, and the dust collecting and pressure relieving device 22 has a pressure relieving effect, so that the safety accident caused by overhigh indoor air pressure due to long-time air blowing is prevented.
The test field is provided with a first door 10 and a second door 15 which are respectively used for entering a laser detection area and a smoke environment simulation area.
The smoke generating means 21 may employ the already disclosed smoke generating means.
The smoke generator 21 may also be designed as follows: the air knife comprises an air knife 1 and a plurality of material blowing devices, wherein the air knife 1 comprises an outlet and a plurality of inlets, each inlet is connected with one material blowing device, the material blowing devices are used for generating and transmitting smoke dust, and the smoke dust is discharged out of the air knife 1 through the outlet after entering a cavity of the air knife 1.
The air knife 1 is in a long strip shape (large in length and width), the outlet of the air knife 1 is in a long strip pipe fitting, the air knife 1 is arranged along the length direction of the cavity and communicated with the cavity, the transition section of the cavity towards the outlet is in a contraction trend, and the outlet of the air knife 1 is as long as the cavity. The inlet of the air knife 1 is a round pipe, protrudes outwards and is used for being connected with a material blowing device, and a plurality of inlets are arranged on the air knife 1 at equal intervals and are respectively communicated with the cavity. The number of inlets of the air knife 1 can be increased according to actual application. The inlet of the air knife 1 is circular. According to a theoretical formula, the air output phi of the cavityoEqual to the intake air quantity phii：
Φo＝Φi
The following can be obtained:
vo*So＝n*vi*Si
wherein v isoThe wind speed and S at the outlet of the air knife 1oIs the sectional area v of the outlet of the air knife 1iThe wind speed and S at the inlet of the air knife 1iThe sectional area of the inlet of the air knife 1, n is the number of the inlets of the air knife 1, and the parameter So、SiN is known, so the wind speed v at the outlet of the air knife 1oOnly the wind speed v of the inlet of the air knife 1iAnd (4) correlating.
When the air knife 1 is longer, the wind speed v at the outlet of the air knife 1 can be improved by increasing the number n of the inlets of the air knife 1oThe length L of the air knife 1 can be adjusted according to the number n of the inlets of the air knife 1.
With reference to fig. 6, the inlet of the air knife 1 is provided with a plurality of ways, which must follow the principle of equal spacing:
in the first mode, the openings are arranged at equal intervals right opposite to the outlet.
In the second mode, the cavities are arranged right above (or right below) the cavity at equal intervals.
In the third mode, the left side and the right side of the air knife 1 are respectively provided with one air knife.
And the mode four is formed by combining the mode one and the mode three.
And the fifth mode is formed by combining the first mode and the second mode.
The following embodiments are described in a manner that the inlet of the air knife 1 is opened, but the embodiments are not limited to the first manner.
With reference to fig. 5, the material blowing device comprises an automatic feeder 5, a venturi three-way pipe 6 and a variable-frequency high-pressure fan 9, wherein a first port of the venturi three-way pipe 6 is connected with an inlet of the air knife 1 through a first transmission pipeline 4, a second port is connected with the variable-frequency high-pressure fan 9 through a second transmission pipeline 8, a third port is connected with the automatic feeder 5 through a third transmission pipeline 7, the variable-frequency high-pressure fan 9 generates high-pressure air flow, and under the action of the high-pressure air flow, smoke dust generated by the automatic feeder 5 continuously blows into the air knife 1.
The blowing device also comprises a pipeline type anemometer 2 and a particle flow meter 3, wherein the pipeline type anemometer 2 and the particle flow meter 3 are arranged on a first transmission pipeline 4 and are used for measuring the wind speed and the smoke mass flow rate entering the inlet of the air knife 1.
The smoke and dust generating device specifically realizes the following functions: the maximum air quantity of the variable-frequency high-pressure fan 9 is 5000m3The rotating speed of the variable-frequency high-pressure fan 9 can be changed by adjusting a variable-frequency speed regulator on the fan, so that the output air quantity of the variable-frequency high-pressure fan 9 is changed, and then the air speed of airflow transmitted to the air knife 1 by the variable-frequency high-pressure fan 9 is changed; the Venturi three-way pipe 6 is Y-shaped, and three ports are respectively connected with an inlet of the air knife 1, a variable-frequency high-pressure fan 9 and the automatic feeder 5 through a first transmission pipeline 4, a second transmission pipeline 8 and a third transmission pipeline 7; the automatic feeder 5 has a wide weighing range: 0.5-100kg/h, the measurement precision is less than or equal to 0.1 percent, and the device can be started by one key after the mass flow rate parameter is set; the automatic feeder 5 interacts with the variable-frequency high-pressure fan 9, the smoke fed by the automatic feeder 5 is brought into the first transmission pipeline 4 by using the airflow transmitted by the variable-frequency high-pressure fan 9 in the Venturi three-way pipe 6, and the smoke is blown into the cavity of the air knife 1 by the continuous high-speed airflow, so that the smoke is blown out from the outlet of the air knife 1; the pipeline type anemometer 2 and the particle flowmeter 3 which are arranged on the first transmission pipeline 4 can measure and display the wind speed of airflow in the pipeline and the mass flow rate of smoke dust in real time; the first transmission pipeline 4, the second transmission pipeline 8 and the third transmission pipeline 7 are all round pipes with smooth inner walls, so that transmitted smoke dust is prevented from remaining on the inner walls of the pipelines, the transmission pipelines are connected with other equipment by using strong sealing glue and high-strength binding tapes, good air tightness is guaranteed, and transmission efficiency and precision are improved; the wind knives 1 are kept at the same wind speed and smoke mass flow rate at a plurality of inlets, and smoke is continuously and stably blown into the cavity of the wind knives 1, so that the outlet conditions of the wind knives 1 with uniform wind speed and uniform smoke mass flow rate can be obtained, the wind knives can be used for establishing a smoke environment in a limited space, and infrastructure guarantee is provided for the research of the transmission characteristics of laser in the smoke environment.
The specific test method of the smoke environment simulation test field is as follows:
step 1, preparing a smoke dust sample according to test requirements, and recording test initial data.
Step 1-1, according to the smoke test requirement of a certain laser detection device 14, a tester enters a laser detection area through a first door 10, adjusts the distance between a movable laser device experiment table and the smoke environment, namely the left side of an outlet of a smoke generation device 21, and records the distance L1(15≥L1>0)；
1-2, preparing a smoke sample required by a test according to the smoke category and concentration value requirements required by a smoke test of a laser detection device 14;
step 2, starting the test, and adjusting the speed v and the mass flow rate m of the smoke generation device 21TFRControlling to form a smoke dust plane with uniform concentration in a smoke dust environment simulation area, adjusting the distance between a movable target plate 19) and a laser detection device 14, carrying out a transmission characteristic experiment of related laser in a smoke dust environment and recording experimental data, and specifically comprising the following steps:
step 2-1, opening a smoke environment measuring system of the smoke environment simulation area, and adjusting the temperature and humidity of the smoke environment simulation area by a temperature and humidity regulator 16 through an air conditioner and a humidifier according to the test requirement and keeping the temperature and humidity in the test requirement state;
step 2-2, opening the dust collecting and pressure relieving device 22 and the smoke dust generating device 21, blowing a smoke dust sample required by the test into a smoke dust environment simulation area from an outlet of the smoke dust generating device 21 by the smoke dust generating device 21, obtaining smoke dust environment information in real time by the smoke dust environment measuring system by adjusting the air speed and the smoke dust mass flow rate of the smoke dust generating device 21, and opening the oscilloscope 13 and the laser detecting device 14 when a plurality of smoke dust concentration measuring instruments 18 are close to the smoke dust concentration value required by the smoke dust test of the laser detecting device 14 to perform a transmission characteristic test of related laser under the smoke dust environment;
step 2-3, according to the smoke test requirement of the laser detection device 14, a tester adjusts the distance L between the movable target plate 19 and the laser detection device 141And the position relation between the movable target plate 19 and the smoke environment, namely the distance position between the movable target plate 19 and the left end of the outlet of the smoke generating device 21, and recording the distance L2(-1≤L2< 0, the target plate 16 is in front of the smoke environment; l is more than or equal to 02＜5，Target plate 16 is in a smoke environment), and an oscilloscope 13 is used for recording echo data of the laser detection device 14 at different moments and different detection distances.
Step 3, recording environment measurement data, closing the experimental equipment, and performing cleaning of a test field and recycling of less residual smoke dust, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 3-1, closing the smoke generating device 21, the temperature and humidity regulator 16, the temperature and humidity instrument 17, the anemoscope 20, the oscilloscope 13 and the laser detection device 14;
and 3-2, observing concentration values of the plurality of groups of smoke concentration measuring instruments 18, and closing all the smoke concentration measuring instruments 18 after particles in the smoke environment simulation area are settled and the concentration values are lower than a human body safety value.
3-3, after the dust protection measure is made by the tester, the tester enters the smoke environment simulation area through the second door 15, and the high-efficiency dust collector is used for cleaning the smoke environment simulation area and recovering a small amount of residual smoke
And 4, collating the test data and analyzing the test data.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a controllable smoke and dust environmental test field of concentration which characterized in that: the device comprises a smoke dust generating device (21), a smoke dust environment measuring system, a movable target plate (19), a movable laser device laboratory bench, a dust collecting and pressure relieving device (22) and a laboratory, wherein the laboratory is sequentially divided into a laser detection area, a smoke dust environment simulation area and a smoke dust recovery and sedimentation area from front to back, a partition wall is arranged between the smoke dust environment simulation area and the smoke dust recovery and sedimentation area, and a through hole is formed in the partition wall; the movable laser device experiment table is arranged in the laser detection area; the outlet of the smoke generating device (21), the smoke environment measuring system and the movable target plate (19) are all arranged in the smoke environment simulation area; the dust collecting and pressure relieving device (22) is fixed on a through hole of the partition wall and is used for connecting the smoke environment simulation area and the smoke recovery and sedimentation area;
the smoke dust generating device (21) generates smoke dust, the smoke dust is quantitatively sent into a smoke dust environment simulation area, and the output wind speed of the smoke dust generating device (21) is controlledvAnd mass flow ratem TFRRegulating the smoke environment concentration in the smoke environment simulation area; the smoke environment measuring system monitors the smoke concentration, the wind speed, the temperature and the humidity in the smoke environment simulation area in real time, and ensures that a smoke environment test surface with uniform concentration is formed; a movable target plate (19) for changing the relative position between the target and the smoke environment; the movable laser device experiment table positioned in the laser detection area is used for matching with a target plate to perform a laser experiment in a smoke environment; when the smoke dust in the smoke dust environment simulation area passes through the dust collection and pressure relief device (22), the dust is collected, filtered and subjected to pressure relief, and then enters the rear-stage settling chamber for settling and recycling.
2. The soot environmental test field with controllable concentration according to claim 1, wherein: the two sets of smoke dust generating devices (21) are symmetrically arranged along the bottoms of the walls on two sides of the smoke dust environment simulation area, the outlets of the smoke dust generating devices (21) are positioned in the smoke dust environment simulation area, and the two sets of smoke dust generating devices (21) are in equal wind speed towards the smoke dust environment simulation areavConstant mass flow ratem TFRThe smoke dust is blown into the ground, and a smoke dust environment with uniform concentration is formed on a vertical plane formed at the junction of the two smoke dusts.
3. The soot environmental test field with controllable concentration according to claim 2, wherein: the smoke environment measuring system comprises a temperature and humidity regulator (16), a temperature and humidity instrument (17), an anemoscope (20) and a plurality of smoke concentration measuring instruments (18); the smoke and dust environment simulation system is characterized in that a plurality of smoke and dust concentration measuring instruments (18) are arranged on one side wall of a smoke and dust environment simulation area, above an outlet of a smoke and dust generating device (21) at equal intervals, two temperature and humidity instruments (17) are fixed on the wall of the same side at intervals, a temperature and humidity regulator (16) realizes the regulation of the temperature and the humidity of the smoke and dust environment simulation area through an air conditioner and a humidifier, and an anemoscope (20) is arranged close to one end of the outlet of the smoke and dust generating device (21) and used for observing the wind speed value output by the smoke and.
4. A soot environment test field with controllable concentration according to claim 3, characterized in that: the movable target plate (19) moves back and forth along the smoke environment simulation area to simulate different positions of the target in the smoke environment.
5. The soot environmental test field with controllable concentration according to claim 1, wherein: the movable laser device experiment table comprises a movable instrument mounting platform (12), an oscilloscope (13), a laser detection device (14) and a transparent partition (11), wherein the oscilloscope (13) and the laser detection device (14) are fixed on the movable instrument mounting platform (12), the oscilloscope (13) is connected with the laser detection device (14), the transparent partition (11) is fixed on the rear end face of the movable instrument mounting platform (12), and the periphery of the transparent partition (11) is in sliding contact with the four walls of an experiment room through hairbrush strips.
6. The soot environmental test field with controllable concentration according to claim 5, wherein: the transparent partition (11) is made of a high-transparency plate.
7. The soot environmental test field with controllable concentration according to claim 5, wherein: the dust collecting and pressure relieving device (22) plays a role in collecting dust, filtering and relieving pressure.
8. A test method based on the soot environment test field with controllable concentration as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized in that the test steps are as follows:
step 1, preparing a smoke dust sample according to test requirements, and recording test initial data;
step 2, starting the test, and adjusting the speed of the smoke generating device (21)vAnd mass flow ratem TFRControlling a smoke environment simulation area to form a smoke plane with uniform concentration, adjusting the distance between a movable target plate (19) and a laser detection device (14), carrying out a transmission characteristic experiment of related laser in a smoke environment and recording experiment data;
step 3, recording environment measurement data, closing experimental equipment, and performing cleaning of a test field and recycling of less residual smoke dust;
and 4, collating the test data and analyzing the test data.
9. The test method of the soot environment test field with the controllable concentration according to claim 8, wherein the step 2 is as follows:
step 2-1, opening a smoke environment measuring system of the smoke environment simulation area, and adjusting the temperature and humidity of the smoke environment simulation area through a temperature and humidity regulator (16) according to the test requirement and keeping the temperature and humidity in the test requirement state;
step 2-2, opening a dust collecting and pressure relieving device (22) and a smoke generating device (21), and when a plurality of smoke concentration measuring instruments (18) reach smoke concentration values required by a smoke test of a laser detection device (14), opening an oscilloscope (13) and the laser detection device (14) to perform a transmission characteristic test of laser in a smoke environment;
and 2-3, according to the smoke test requirements of the laser detection device (14), adjusting the distance between the movable target plate (19) and the laser detection device (14) and the position relation between the movable target plate (19) and the smoke environment by a tester, and recording echo signals of the laser detection device (14) at different moments and at different detection distances by using an oscilloscope (13).
10. The method for testing the soot environment test field with controllable concentration according to claim 8, wherein the step 3 is as follows:
step 3-1, closing the smoke generating device (21), the temperature and humidity regulator (16), the temperature and humidity instrument (17), the anemoscope (20), the oscilloscope (13) and the laser detection device (14);
3-2, closing all smoke concentration measuring instruments (18) after the particles in the smoke environment simulation area are settled and the concentration value is lower than the safety value of a human body;
and 3-3, after the dust protection measures are taken, cleaning a smoke simulation area and recovering a small amount of residual smoke.
CN202011423735.7A 2020-12-08 2020-12-08 Concentration-controllable smoke environment test field and test method Pending CN112827515A (en)

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Citations (2)

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CN104089651A (en) * 2014-07-06 2014-10-08 长春理工大学 Smog environment simulation device for testing polarization laser transmission features
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Application publication date: 20210525