CN112826717A - 一种颈部训练康复帽及使用方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种颈部训练康复帽及其训练方法，包括训练帽、训练带和康复球。不仅可以实现颈椎的被动牵引、前屈后伸、侧屈和水平旋转四个自由度的基本康复运动，还可以实现对颈部全方位不同角度和不同强度的精准牵引训练和定向定量的抗阻训练，并在训练前后利用新型复合纳米纤维素制作的康复球对颈部肌肉进行按摩和放松，实现对颈椎疾病患者进行全方位的精准康复训练，改善与矫正颈椎的生物力学平衡。本发明舒适轻便、可帮助患者在工作生活中随时随地开展训练和康复治疗，提高患者依从性，有助于防止颈椎病的反复发作。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于医疗康复领域，具体涉及一种颈部训练康复帽及使用方法。
背景技术
近年的研究表明，颈椎病的发病率日益增加。慢性颈椎病可导致颈部前凸的生理弯曲减小甚至消失，进而导致椎间孔减小，压迫神经或血管，诱发颈部疼痛、头晕眼花，视力模糊等甚至可能导致胸口发闷，心跳加速等。颈椎的退行性变以及周围肌肉和韧带的慢性劳损是导致颈椎病发生的重要原因。科学有效的运动康复疗法是预防和治疗颈椎病最有效的方法，具有缓解颈部疼痛、恢复颈部活动范围和肌力、降低颈椎损伤性退变程度、增强颈椎稳定性等多种治疗效果。目前针对颈部训练和康复的设备由于价格昂贵、体型较大且需要专业医师的指导和操作，大多仅限于在医院或康复中心使用；而不借助设备或器械、仅进行徒手颈部训练和拉伸，患者的运动康复效果有很大的局限性，这使得大多数人无法科学有效且经常性地进行颈部的训练和康复。
发明内容
本发明提供一种简易轻便的颈部训练康复帽及使用方法，用于拉伸和训练颈部肌肉、增强颈椎稳定性、有效降低颈椎的退行性变以及周围肌肉和韧带的慢性劳损。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一种颈部训练康复帽，包括训练帽、训练带和康复球，训练帽的两侧有固定环，训练带的两端分别从训练帽上部穿过固定环后自然下垂，训练带的两端设置有用于放置康复球的固定袋。
康复球为圆形球或花生形球，表面设置有若干凸起。
康复球采用复合纳米纤维素材料。
训练帽上设置有头部固定带。
训练带为阻力值不同、颜色不同的弹力带。
一种颈部训练康复帽的使用方法，将固定帽戴于头部，根据训练要求选择具有相应弹力值的弹力带作为训练带，将训练带的两端分别从固定帽上部穿过固定环后自然下垂，根据训练要求抓住训练带的特定位置进行不同方向、不同角度训练或拉伸；
将康复球放置于固定袋中，将训练带的两端部放置于后背部，提拉训练带或借助墙壁对颈部肌肉按摩和放松。
与现有技术相比，本发明通过训练康复帽将训练带固定在头部，根据训练要求利用具有不同阻力的训练带进行训练和拉伸，设计轻便、科学有效，不仅可实现不同角度、不同方向和不同训练强度的精准训练，还使颈部的康复训练能快速地从一个肌肉群转变为另一个肌肉群。
进一步的，本发明的康复球使用的是新型复合纳米纤维素材料，与现有技术相比，其质量轻、强度大、柔韧性强，按摩效果更好更舒适，患者可在任何地方任何时间进行科学有效的康复训练，依从性高、防治效果好。
附图说明
图1为本发明中训练康复帽的示意图；
图2为本发明训练帽和训练带的配合示意图；
图3为本发明中康复球的示意图；
其中，1、训练帽；2、训练带；3、康复球；4、固定环；5、固定袋；6、头部固定带。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步说明。
参见图1和图2，一种颈部训练康复帽，包括训练帽1、训练带2和康复球3，训练帽1的两侧有固定环4，训练带2的两端分别从训练帽1上部穿过固定环4后自然下垂，固定环4的大小可调从而固定训练带2，方便进行同心、偏心或等距的颈部力量和柔韧性练习，训练带2的两端部设置有用于放置康复球3的固定袋5，训练带2为能够更换不同弹力值的弹力带，训练带2根据阻力值的不同具有不同的颜色，有红黄蓝三种颜色，阻力值分别由低到高，训练帽1上设置有头部固定带6，康复球3的表面设置有若干用于按摩的凸起。
康复球3为圆形球或花生形球，康复球的材质为以EVA复合发泡材料为基体，与一定比例的纳米纤维素材料进行复合，所得到的新型复合材料，具有质量轻、强度高、韧性好等特点。
使用时，将训练帽1戴于头部，根据训练要求选择具有相应弹力值的弹力带作为训练带2，将训练带2的两端分别从训练帽1上部穿过固定环4后自然下垂，根据训练要求抓住训练带的特定位置进行训练或拉伸。将康复球3放置于固定袋5中，将训练带2的两端部放置于后背部或借助墙壁等，提拉训练带2对后背对应位置进行按摩。
本发明能够在每一个运动平面上进行训练或拉伸，不仅可以增强颈部的大肌肉和核心肌肉，还可以进行自我放松和康复治疗，使颈部具有在更高水平上执行所需的稳定性和表现力。它是通过瞄准患者薄弱的颈部肌肉群和疼痛的问题，进行训练或康复，因此具有独特的训练和康复模式。康复模式是利用附属于阻力带的康复球，结合现代运动生理学中的筋膜放松术和我国传统中医的颈部穴位按摩进行颈部的康复治疗，通过康复球3进行放松的肌肉主要包括后颈部肌肉、两侧的肩肌肉、脊柱两侧的肌肉以及肩甲骨缝部位，这些部位都属于易疲劳区，容易出现损伤而形成筋节钙化(即劳损点)。在进行肉放松时，按压的穴位主要有：风池穴、肩井穴、天髎穴、天宗穴和肩贞穴。训练模式用于拉伸和强化颈部肌肉。与颈部拉伤、颈部僵硬和颈部疼痛相关的最常见肌肉，包括肩胛提肌、菱形肌、胸锁乳突肌、斜方肌、头颈夹肌、半棘肌和多裂肌等。
以下对本发明的疗效观察进行具体说明。
纳入40例颈椎病患者，按随机数字表法分为常规组和观察组各20例。诊断标准参照颈椎病的分型、诊断及非手术治疗专家共识(2018版)，即符合枕部、颈部、肩部疼痛等异常症状，并伴有相应的压痛点，X线检查提示颈椎退行性改变，排除可诱发颈部症状的其他疾病。纳入标准：①年龄18-65岁，体质量指数<28kg/m2，无其他系统严重疾病；②颈痛但排除急性损伤；③所有患者认知能力正常、知情同意并自愿参与本研究，在试验期间均能从事正常生活的体力活动。排除标准：①视觉模拟评分(Visual analogue score，VAS)>8分；②颈椎管狭窄症者；③颈椎创伤、畸形、感染、肿瘤、骨质疏松及有颈椎手术病史者等；⑤严重的心脑血管系统疾病、其他可能影响试验结果或者不能配合治疗的疾病。常规组和观察组一般资料如表1，两组相比无统计学差异。
表1三组患者的基本情况(
n＝20)
| 组别 | 性别(男/女) | 年龄 | 病程(月) | 平均病程(月) |
| 常规组 | 9/11 | 41.25±6.37 | 3～24 | 12.05±1.36 |
| 观察组 | 8/12 | 42.56±7.62 | 3～26 | 13.36±1.52 |
常规组：常规康复治疗,叮嘱患者日常睡眠选择高度合适的枕头并保持正确姿势,睡眠时肩部和头部放松。
观察组：在常规治疗基础上开展此颈部康复帽的训练，每天2次，每次5-10分钟，持续治疗2周。
利用视觉模拟评分法(Visual analogue score，VAS)、颈椎功能障碍指数(NeckDisability Index，NDI)和颈部主动活动范围(Active Range of Motion，AROM)分析两组之间治疗前后的疗效。①视觉模拟评分法(VAS)：采用一个等间距10cm长度的尺子分别在两端0和10cm处标记为无痛和剧痛难以忍受，让受试者确定肩颈部的疼痛程度，其中0分为无痛，1～3分为轻度疼痛，4～6分为中度疼痛，7～10分为重度疼痛。②颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)：其信效度良好，该量表共包括疼痛强度、自我护理、提重物、阅读、疼痛等10个项目，每个项目评分0～5分，总分0～50分，分别从颈痛及其相关症状、日常生活活动能力进行评价，分数越高表明受试者功能障碍程度越严重。③记录治疗前后颈部屈曲和颈部主动活动范围(AROM)的前屈度和旋转总和。
采用SPSS13.0统计学软件进行数据统计分析。计量资料以均数±标准差
表示,满足正态分布和方差齐性，采用t检验；P<0.05表示差异具有统计学意义。
研究结果：
1、两组患者治疗前后VAS和NDI比较；
治疗前，两组患者组间VAS和NDI无统计学差异；治疗后，常规组和观察组患者VAS和NDI均较治疗前显著下降(P＜0.05)，但与常规组患者相比，观察组VAS和NDI变化率更大，见表2。这些结果提示常规康复治疗和颈部康复帽的治疗均有助于减轻患者疼痛，改善患者颈部功能障碍，但联合使用颈部康复帽的治疗效果更好。
表2两组患者VAS评分和NDI指数评分(
n＝20)
注：治疗前后变化率＝(治疗前-治疗后)/治疗前×100％，**P＜0.01，与本组治疗前相比。##P＜0.01，常规组相比。
2、两组患者治疗前后AROM比较；
治疗前，两组患者前屈AROM度、旋转总和度无统计学差异；治疗后，常规组和观察组患者后前屈AROM度、旋转总和度均较治疗前显著下降(P均＜0.01)，但与常规组患者相比，观察组变化率更大，见表3。这些结果提示常规康复治疗和颈部康复帽的治疗均可改善患者颈部活动度，但联合使用颈部康复帽更有助于改善患者颈部功能。
表3两组患者前屈AROM度和旋转总和度比较(
n＝20)
注：治疗前后变化率＝(治疗后-治疗前)/治疗前×100％，**P＜0.01，与本组治疗前相比。##P＜0.01，常规组相比。
本实施例没有详细叙述的测试方法和英文缩写属本行业的常用方法和公知常识，在网上或文献中可以检索到，这里不一一叙述。以上例举仅仅是对本发明的举例说明，并不构成对本发明的保护范围的限制，凡是与本发明相同或相似的设计均属于本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种颈部训练康复帽，其特征在于，包括训练帽(1)、训练带(2)和康复球(3)，训练帽(1)的两侧有固定环(4)，训练带(2)的两端分别从训练帽(1)上部穿过固定环(4)后自然下垂，训练带(2)的两端设置有用于放置康复球(3)的固定袋(5)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种颈部训练康复帽，其特征在于，康复球(3)为圆形球或花生形球，表面设置有若干凸起。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种颈部训练康复帽，其特征在于，康复球(3)采用复合纳米纤维素材料。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种颈部训练康复帽，其特征在于，训练帽(1)上设置有头部固定带(6)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种颈部训练康复帽，其特征在于，训练带(2)为阻力值不同、颜色不同的弹力带。
6.权利要求1所述的一种颈部训练康复帽的使用方法，其特征在于，将固定帽(1)戴于头部，根据训练要求选择具有相应弹力值的弹力带作为训练带(2)，将训练带(2)的两端分别从固定帽(1)上部穿过固定环(4)后自然下垂，根据训练要求抓住训练带的特定位置进行不同方向、不同角度训练或拉伸；
将康复球(3)放置于固定袋(5)中，将训练带(2)的两端部放置于后背部，提拉训练带(2)或借助墙壁对颈部肌肉按摩和放松。
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| CN202860020U (zh) * | 2012-07-16 | 2013-04-10 | 代志祥 | 颈部肌力训练器 |
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| CN205759446U (zh) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-12-07 | 金铂 | 一种颈椎曲度恢复训练器 |
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| CN111408105A (zh) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-07-14 | 上海中医药大学附属龙华医院 | 一种颈椎曲度康复矫正器 |
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| US8613690B1 (en) * | 2010-04-09 | 2013-12-24 | Monty R. Thompson | Neck therapy device |
| CN202860020U (zh) * | 2012-07-16 | 2013-04-10 | 代志祥 | 颈部肌力训练器 |
| CN205759446U (zh) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-12-07 | 金铂 | 一种颈椎曲度恢复训练器 |
| CN207769081U (zh) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-28 | 北京大学第三医院 | 一种新型颈椎后路术后康复装置 |
| CN111408105A (zh) * | 2020-05-18 | 2020-07-14 | 上海中医药大学附属龙华医院 | 一种颈椎曲度康复矫正器 |
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