CN112823740A - Nerve stimulator and human body load impedance detection module and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Nerve stimulator and human body load impedance detection module and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112823740A CN112823740A CN201911141872.9A CN201911141872A CN112823740A CN 112823740 A CN112823740 A CN 112823740A CN 201911141872 A CN201911141872 A CN 201911141872A CN 112823740 A CN112823740 A CN 112823740A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 210000005036 nerve Anatomy 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000018737 Parkinson disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010046543 Urinary incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036982 action potential Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010015037 epilepsy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/05—Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves
- A61B5/053—Measuring electrical impedance or conductance of a portion of the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/3605—Implantable neurostimulators for stimulating central or peripheral nerve system
- A61N1/36128—Control systems
- A61N1/36135—Control systems using physiological parameters
- A61N1/3614—Control systems using physiological parameters based on impedance measurement
Abstract
The invention provides a nerve stimulator, a human body load impedance module and a detection method thereof, wherein the nerve stimulator comprises a stimulus source and a stimulus path connected to the stimulus source, the human body load impedance detection module comprises a voltage detector and a sampling resistor arranged on the stimulus path, the voltage detector is provided with a first input end and a second input end, the human body load impedance detection module further comprises a first lead and a second lead which respectively connect two ends of the sampling resistor to the first input end and the second input end, and a first switch and a second switch are respectively arranged on the first lead and the second lead. The invention can measure the impedance of the human body on the basis of not interrupting the original stimulation by adding a small-scale measuring circuit on the original circuit, does not need to switch the stimulation mode, improves the experience of patients, and provides reference for the calculation of the residual capacity of the battery, the electrode setting, the diagnosis and analysis of the illness state of doctors and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a nerve stimulator, a human body load impedance module and a detection method thereof.
Background
With the improvement of economic level and quality of life requirements of people, neurostimulation therapeutic products (such as epilepsy, Parkinson diseases, urinary incontinence and the like) are more and more emphasized, and the performance requirements of the products are higher and higher. The nerve stimulator applies the pulse current generated by the stimulation source to limb tissues through the electrodes so as to realize the treatment of certain diseases or the rehabilitation of nerve functions. Most of the existing nerve stimulators include a stimulation source, a lead and an electrode. When a nerve is stimulated, there are two modes, a voltage mode and a current mode. In general, neurostimulators stimulate in a constant voltage mode to provide a fixed action potential to human tissue. During stimulation, the impedance of the load impedance of the human body (the sum of the contact impedance of the stimulated part and the impedance of the stimulated part) needs to be measured, and references are provided for calculation of the residual capacity of the battery, electrode arrangement, diagnosis and analysis of the state of illness of a doctor and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, a commonly used method for detecting a human body load impedance of a conventional neurostimulator includes: (1) the stimulation source gives out a stimulation current with fixed magnitude in a constant current mode; (2) adjusting the voltage to be a constant voltage mode for stimulation, providing a voltage with a fixed magnitude, and measuring the magnitude of the voltage at two ends of the human body load impedance; (3) and calculating the magnitude of the human body impedance according to the stimulation current in the current mode and the stimulation voltage in the voltage mode. The detection method for measuring the human body impedance by adopting the method has the following defects: (1) the stimulus source mode needs to be switched from voltage stimulation to current stimulation, and the continuity of stimulation is interrupted. Poor patient experience; (2) an additional electrical current stimulus is given to the patient. May have side effects on the patient. (3) The impedance of the human body is changed greatly, so the voltage change at the two ends of the human body is also larger, and the measuring range of the voltage measurement is not easy to determine.
In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a new human body load impedance detection module for a neurostimulator.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a human body load impedance detection module for a nerve stimulator and a detection method thereof, which have simple circuit structure, do not need stimulation mode switching and interruption continuous stimulation and increase the experience of patients.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a human body load impedance detection module for a neurostimulator, the neurostimulator includes a stimulation source and a stimulation path connected to the stimulation source, the human body load impedance detection module includes a voltage detector, a sampling resistor disposed on the stimulation path, the voltage detector has a first input end and a second input end, the human body load impedance detection module further includes a first lead and a second lead respectively connecting two ends of the sampling resistor to the first input end and the second input end, and the first lead and the second lead are respectively provided with a first switch and a second switch.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the human load impedance detection module further includes a third conducting wire connected in parallel with the sampling resistor and a third switch disposed on the third conducting wire, and when the third switch is closed, the corresponding sampling resistor is short-circuited.
As a further improvement of the present invention, at least two stimulation paths are provided, each stimulation path is provided with a sampling resistor, and the first lead and the second lead connected to the sampling resistors on at least two stimulation paths are provided independently.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the stimulation source further comprises a program control module, wherein the program control module can control the stimulation source to send out an electric pulse signal in a constant voltage mode and calculate a human body load impedance value according to the detection voltage at two ends of the sampling resistor and the resistance value of the sampling resistor acquired by the voltage detector and the preset voltage in the constant voltage mode.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a human body load impedance detection method for the nerve stimulator, the nerve stimulator comprises a stimulation source, a program control module, a stimulation channel and a human body load impedance detection module, and the human body load impedance detection method comprises the following steps:
A. in the program control mode, the stimulation source is started to send an electric pulse signal to the stimulation passage in the constant voltage mode;
B. carrying out human body load impedance detection on a stimulation path, controlling a first switch and a second switch corresponding to a sampling resistor on the stimulation path to be closed so as to enable two ends of the sampling resistor on the stimulation path to be respectively communicated with a first input end and a second input end of a voltage detector, and acquiring voltage values at two ends of the sampling resistor through the voltage detector;
C. and controlling a first switch and a second switch corresponding to the sampling resistor on the stimulation channel to be opened after a detection time length t, wherein the detection time length t is less than the pulse width W of the electric pulse signal.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the number of the stimulation paths is at least two, and the method for detecting the human body load impedance further includes controlling the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the sampling resistor on one stimulation path to be opened, and then controlling the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the sampling resistor on the other stimulation path to be closed after a time period n × T-T elapses, so as to detect the human body load impedance corresponding to the other stimulation path, where n is a natural number, and T is a period of an electrical pulse signal.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the open circuit detection method further includes controlling the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the sampling resistor on a stimulation path to be closed after a preset time period t 'after the rising edge of the electrical pulse signal, so as to detect the human body load impedance resistance of the stimulation path, wherein t' + t < W.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the human body load impedance detection module further includes a third conducting wire connected in parallel with the sampling resistor and a third switch disposed on the third conducting wire; the human body load impedance detection method also comprises the steps of controlling a first switch and a second switch corresponding to the sampling resistor on a stimulation channel to be closed, and opening a third switch connected with the sampling resistor in parallel; and controlling a first switch and a second switch corresponding to the sampling resistor on the stimulation channel to be opened after the detection time t, and closing a third switch connected with the sampling resistor in parallel.
As a further improvement of the invention, the detection time t is set to be 60-1000 mu s.
The invention also provides a nerve stimulator which comprises the human body load impedance detection module.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the human body load impedance detection module, a small-scale measuring circuit is added on the original circuit, so that the human body impedance can be measured on the basis of not interrupting the original stimulation, the stimulation mode does not need to be switched, and the patient experience is better; meanwhile, the resistance value of the sampling resistor is small, so that the voltage divided on the sampling resistor is small. Therefore, the range of the voltage measuring circuit can be reduced in a certain scale, and the design difficulty and the scale of the circuit are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional neurostimulator;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the body load impedance detection module of the present invention to a neurostimulator;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the body load impedance detection module of the present invention to a neurostimulator having multiple stimulation paths;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and structural, methodological, or functional changes made by one of ordinary skill in the art according to the embodiment are included in the scope of the present invention.
The neurostimulator shown in fig. 2 comprises a stimulation source, a stimulation path connected to the stimulation source, and a human body load impedance detection module for detecting human body load impedance of the stimulation path, wherein the human body load impedance detection module comprises a voltage detector and a sampling resistor arranged on the stimulation path, the voltage detector is provided with a first input end and a second input end, the human body load impedance detection module further comprises a first lead and a second lead, the first lead and the second lead are used for respectively connecting two ends of the sampling resistor to the first input end and the second input end, and a first switch K1 and a second switch K2 are respectively arranged on the first lead and the second lead.
The sampling resistor Rs is serially connected between the stimulus source and the human body load impedance, and the resistance value of the sampling resistor Rs cannot be too large, otherwise, the voltage drop loss is large, the power consumption and the final output are influenced, and the final treatment effect is influenced; and the resistance value of the sampling resistor Rs also can not be too small, so that the voltage detector can correctly identify the voltage drop generated at the two ends of the sampling resistor Rs when the stimulation channel works normally. The sampling resistorThe selection of the Rs is determined by the working voltage and current of the corresponding stimulation channel and the performance parameters of the voltage comparator, and the resistance value of the Rs is adjustable within a predetermined range. Specifically, the resistance of the sampling resistor Rs needs to satisfy: Vmeas/Imin<Rs<Vloss/ImaxWherein Vmeas is the minimum voltage value of the voltage measurement for normal operation, IminA minimum stimulation current for the stimulation channel; vlossFor maximum pressure drop loss of the stimulation channel, ImaxIs the maximum stimulation current of the pathway. The resistance of the sampling resistor Rs is preferably 1-20 Ω.
The measurement circuit operates while the stimulation is in progress. At the beginning of the measurement, switch 1 and switch 2 are closed at the same time, switch 3 is opened, and the sampling resistor is connected in series to the stimulation path. Calculating the human body load impedance by a program control module at the stimulus source according to the preset voltage of an electric pulse signal sent by the stimulus source in a constant voltage mode, the detection voltage at two ends of a sampling resistor acquired by a voltage detector and the resistance value of the sampling resistor: since the sampling resistor will divide the voltage, the magnitude of the body impedance Rload is (Vstim-Vrs) Rs/Vrs. Vstim is the preset stimulus voltage, Vrs is the voltage measured on the sampling resistor, and Rs is the resistance of the sampling resistor.
The human body detection module further comprises a third conducting wire and a third switch K3, wherein the third conducting wire is connected with the sampling resistor Rs in parallel, the third switch K3 is arranged on the third conducting wire, and when the third switch K3 is closed, the corresponding sampling resistor Rs is short-circuited. Therefore, the influence of the sampling resistor Rs on the stimulation path can be effectively avoided.
As shown in fig. 3, the number of the stimulation channels is at least two, each of the stimulation channels is provided with a sampling resistor Rs, Rs '… …, and the first conducting wire and the second conducting wire connected to the sampling resistors Rs, Rs' … … on at least two of the stimulation channels are all arranged independently. Wherein the sampling resistors Rs, Rs' … … on at least two of the stimulation paths can be set to be the same or different. However, the voltage detector itself needs to occupy a certain chip area and generates power consumption, and therefore, a corresponding voltage detector is not connected to each stimulation channel, but the human body load impedance detection at the stimulation position is performed on each stimulation channel in sequence through one voltage detector.
The stimulation paths are exemplified by two, wherein the first conducting wires connected to the two ends of the sampling resistors Rs and Rs ' on the two stimulation paths are respectively provided with first switches K1 and K1', and the second conducting wires are provided with second switches K2 and K2 '. And the sampling resistor Rs 'is also provided with a third conducting wire in parallel, and third switches K3 and K3' are arranged on the third conducting wire. After the neurostimulator is started to work, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are closed, the third switch K3 is opened, the human body load impedance detection of the first stimulation channel is carried out, the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 are opened after the human body load impedance detection is finished, and the third switch K3 is closed; then, the first switch K1 'and the second switch K2' are closed, the third switch K3 'is opened, the human body load impedance detection of the other stimulation path is performed, the first switch K1' and the second switch K2 'are opened after the opening detection is finished, and the third switch K3' is closed. When the stimulation path is detected to be the human body load impedance, the stimulation path is timely fed back to a control module of the nerve stimulator to be preprocessed.
The invention also provides an open human body load impedance detection method of the nerve stimulator adopting the human body load impedance detection module, which comprises the following steps:
starting a stimulation source to send an electric pulse signal to a stimulation channel;
carrying out human body load impedance detection on a stimulation path, controlling a first switch and a second switch corresponding to a sampling resistor on the stimulation path to be closed so as to enable two ends of the sampling resistor on the stimulation path to be respectively communicated with a first input end and a second input end of a voltage detector, and acquiring voltage values at two ends of the sampling resistor through the voltage detector;
and controlling a first switch and a second switch corresponding to the sampling resistor on the stimulation channel to be opened after a detection time length t, wherein the detection time length t is less than the pulse width W of the electric pulse signal.
If the stimulation channel is normally connected, a certain voltage drop must be generated at two ends of the sampling resistor Rs, and the voltage detector outputs a normal signal of the stimulation channel to the control module; the control module controls and adjusts the working mode of the neural stimulator according to the open-circuit detection result of the stimulation channel.
In order to further ensure the stability of the voltage at two ends of the corresponding sampling resistor Rs in the process of detecting the human body load impedance, the method for detecting the human body load impedance further comprises the step of controlling a first switch K1 and a second switch K2 corresponding to the sampling resistor Rs on a stimulation channel to be closed after the rising edge of the electric pulse signal is preset for a time period t ', so as to detect the human body load impedance of the stimulation channel, wherein t' + t is less than W.
Generally, the detection time t is set to be 60-1000 mus; the electric pulse signals are square wave signals, and the period of the square wave signals is 5-10 ms.
The stimulation channels are at least two, and any open circuit detection of any stimulation channel acquires voltages at two ends of the corresponding sampling resistor Rs in different electric pulse signal periods. The human body load impedance detection method further comprises the steps of controlling a first switch K1 and a second switch K2 corresponding to the sampling resistor Rs on one stimulation channel to be opened, and then controlling a first switch K1' and a second switch K2' corresponding to the sampling resistor Rs ' on the other stimulation channel to be closed after the duration n x T-T is passed, so as to detect the human body load impedance of the other stimulation channel, wherein n is a natural number, and T is the period of an electric pulse signal.
Certainly, if the human body load impedance detection module further includes a third conducting wire connected in parallel with the sampling resistor Rs and a third switch K3 disposed on the third conducting wire, the human body load impedance detection method further includes controlling the first switch K1 and the second switch K2 corresponding to the sampling resistor Rs on a stimulation path to be closed, and opening the third switch K3 connected in parallel with the sampling resistor Rs; and controlling a first switch K1 and a second switch K2 corresponding to the sampling resistor Rs on the stimulation channel to be opened after the detection time t, and closing a third switch K3 connected with the sampling resistor Rs in parallel.
In summary, by using the human body load impedance detection module and the human body load impedance detection method of the invention, the voltage values at two ends of the sampling resistor Rs on a certain stimulation channel are collected and compared by the voltage detector, and the resistance value of the human body load impedance at the stimulation position is calculated by the collected voltage value and the resistance value of the sampling resistor Rs, so that the human body impedance is measured on the basis of not interrupting the original stimulation, the stimulation mode is not required to be switched, the experience and tolerance of a patient are improved, and reference basis is provided for the calculation of the residual capacity of the battery, the electrode setting, the diagnosis and analysis of the state of an illness of a doctor and the like; meanwhile, the resistance value of the sampling resistor is small, so that the voltage divided on the sampling resistor is small. Therefore, the range of the voltage measuring circuit can be reduced in a certain scale, and the design difficulty and the scale of the circuit are reduced.
It should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment contains only a single technical solution, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should make the description as a whole, and the technical solutions in the embodiments can also be combined appropriately to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A body load impedance detection module for a neurostimulator, the neurostimulator comprising a stimulation source and a stimulation pathway connected to the stimulation source, characterized by: the human load impedance detection module comprises a voltage detector and a sampling resistor arranged on the stimulation path, the voltage detector is provided with a first input end and a second input end, the human load impedance detection module further comprises a first lead and a second lead, two ends of the sampling resistor are respectively connected to the first input end and the second input end, and a first switch and a second switch are respectively arranged on the first lead and the second lead.
2. The human load impedance detection module of claim 1, wherein: the human body load impedance detection module further comprises a third conducting wire and a third switch, wherein the third conducting wire is connected with the sampling resistor in parallel, the third switch is arranged on the third conducting wire, and when the third switch is closed, the corresponding sampling resistor is short-circuited.
3. The human load impedance detection module of claim 1, wherein: the stimulation channel is at least two, each stimulation channel is provided with a sampling resistor, and the first lead and the second lead which are connected with the sampling resistors on the at least two stimulation channels are mutually independently arranged.
4. The human load impedance detection module of claim 1, wherein: the stimulation source also comprises a program control module, and the program control module can control the stimulation source to send out an electric pulse signal in a constant voltage mode and calculate a human body load impedance value according to the detection voltage at the two ends of the sampling resistor and the resistance value of the sampling resistor acquired by the voltage detector and the preset voltage in the constant voltage mode.
5. A human body load impedance detection method for a neurostimulator, the neurostimulator comprises a stimulation source, a program control module, a stimulation channel and a human body load impedance detection module, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. in the program control mode, the stimulation source is started to send an electric pulse signal to the stimulation passage in the constant voltage mode;
B. carrying out human body load impedance detection on a stimulation path, controlling a first switch and a second switch corresponding to a sampling resistor on the stimulation path to be closed so as to enable two ends of the sampling resistor on the stimulation path to be respectively communicated with a first input end and a second input end of a voltage detector, and acquiring voltage values at two ends of the sampling resistor through the voltage detector;
C. and controlling a first switch and a second switch corresponding to the sampling resistor on the stimulation channel to be opened after a detection time length t, wherein the detection time length t is less than the pulse width W of the electric pulse signal.
6. The human load impedance detection method of claim 5, wherein: the method for detecting the human body load impedance comprises the steps of setting at least two stimulation paths, and controlling a first switch and a second switch corresponding to a sampling resistor on one stimulation path to be opened and then controlling the first switch and the second switch corresponding to the sampling resistor on the other stimulation path to be closed after a time length n x T-T so as to detect the corresponding human body load impedance of the other stimulation path, wherein n is a natural number, and T is the period of an electric pulse signal.
7. The human load impedance detection method of claim 5, wherein: the open circuit detection method also comprises the step of controlling a first switch and a second switch corresponding to a sampling resistor on a stimulation channel to be closed after the rising edge of the electric pulse signal for a preset time period t 'so as to detect the human body load impedance resistor of the stimulation channel, wherein t' + t is less than W.
8. The human load impedance detection method of claim 5, wherein: the human body load impedance detection module also comprises a third lead connected with the sampling resistor in parallel and a third switch arranged on the third lead; the human body load impedance detection method also comprises the steps of controlling a first switch and a second switch corresponding to the sampling resistor on a stimulation channel to be closed, and opening a third switch connected with the sampling resistor in parallel; and controlling a first switch and a second switch corresponding to the sampling resistor on the stimulation channel to be opened after the detection time t, and closing a third switch connected with the sampling resistor in parallel.
9. The human load impedance detection method of claim 5, wherein: the detection time t is set to be 60-1000 mu s.
10. A neurostimulator comprising a body load impedance detection module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4.
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