CN112821853A - Topological optimization method of photovoltaic panel connecting piece and photovoltaic panel connecting piece - Google Patents
Topological optimization method of photovoltaic panel connecting piece and photovoltaic panel connecting piece Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a topological optimization method of a photovoltaic panel connecting piece and the photovoltaic panel connecting piece, which comprises the following steps: step S1: selecting a traditional connector design according to a required photovoltaic panel, and selecting a connector material; step S2: measuring the size of the traditional connecting piece; step S3: drawing a design domain according to the dimension of the traditional connecting piece; step S4: carrying out topology optimization on the design domain and obtaining a topology optimization result; the method comprises the following steps that a target of topology optimization is to minimize the maximum displacement of a connecting piece, and a constraint condition is that the volume fraction is smaller than a limit value; step S5: carrying out post-processing on the topology optimization result and obtaining a reasonable optimization design; wherein, the post-processing comprises deleting holes which can not be processed and deleting branches which can not be processed; step S6: carrying out finite element analysis on the reasonable optimization design, judging whether stress and displacement constraint conditions are met, and if so, outputting the reasonable optimization design; otherwise, go to step S4, relax the constraint condition, and perform topology optimization again.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic panel installation, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic panel connecting piece and a topology optimization method thereof.
Background
In the core area of a city, high-rise buildings consume great electric energy in the using process. In response to national policies for environmental protection and clean energy use, high-rise buildings may employ photovoltaic panels to supplement their own consumption of electrical energy. Since the first application of photovoltaic panel technology in hong kong, china in the 90 th 20 th century, photovoltaic panels have been continuously and rapidly developed around the world. The photovoltaic panel is a clean, pollution-free and sustainable energy supply device and is used for converting solar energy into electric energy for high-rise buildings where the photovoltaic panel is located. The photovoltaic panel may be arranged on the roof or facade of a high-rise building. In comparison, the external vertical surface area of the high-rise building is larger, and the high-rise building is more idle and more suitable for hanging the photovoltaic panel.
The photovoltaic suspension is similar to a glass curtain wall. At present, no mature photovoltaic panel connecting piece design standard exists in China. The design of the photovoltaic panel connecting piece currently refers to glass curtain wall engineering technical specification JGJ 102-20. The installation mode of the glass curtain wall comprises a point support mode and a frame support mode. The point support connection mode is more flexible, the applicable application scene is wider, and meanwhile, the outer vertical face is more attractive due to the fact that the connecting piece can be invisible. In consideration of applicability and beautiful appearance of the outer facade, the photovoltaic panel is usually installed in a point support mode by arranging connecting pieces on the outer frame of the photovoltaic panel.
Because the photovoltaic panel is large in area and high in height of the high-rise building, the wind load borne by the photovoltaic panel is large. The wind load born by the photovoltaic panel is transmitted to the main body structure through the connecting pieces at the four vertexes, and the connecting pieces are stress concentration areas, so that the requirement on the stress performance of the connecting pieces is high. The design of the photovoltaic panel connecting piece is an important ring for ensuring the safety of the photovoltaic panel.
The design of the most widely used photovoltaic panel connectors currently on the market. The connecting piece is divided into two parts, namely a connecting piece and a fixing piece. The fixing piece is connected with the main body structure through a bolt and is completely fixed with the main body structure. The connecting piece passes through the screw and links to each other fixedly with the photovoltaic board frame. When the installation, only need will arrange four connecting pieces on the photovoltaic board frame in and hang on the mounting of relevant position, guarantee firmly continuous can. Fig. 2 shows typical dimensions of a cross section of a prior art photovoltaic panel connector.
The traditional photovoltaic panel connector design is very convenient in installation, and the characteristic is particularly important for the application of the photovoltaic panel in high-rise buildings. The present invention will retain this characteristic as well. The most important indicators of photovoltaic panel connectors are weight and mechanical properties (displacement, stress, etc.). Because the photovoltaic board is lighter by itself, the connecting piece also need bear self-weight under the prerequisite of bearing the dead weight of photovoltaic board and wind load. Therefore, the lighter the weight of the connecting piece, the lower the requirements on the mechanical property of the connecting piece, and the installation safety of the photovoltaic panel is ensured. In addition, because the building using the photovoltaic panel is generally high in height, the photovoltaic panel itself needs to bear a large wind load. And the photovoltaic panel is connected with the main structure only through four connecting pieces, and all wind loads borne by the photovoltaic panel are transmitted to the building main structure through the connecting pieces. Therefore, in order to ensure that the photovoltaic panel does not fall off, the connecting piece needs to be in a linear elastic deformation stage in the using process, and the situation of large displacement caused by yielding and the like can not occur, so that high requirements are provided for the mechanical property of the connecting piece.
There is a balance between good mechanical properties and light weight (less material). Generally, in conventional connector designs, superior mechanical properties generally correspond to the use of more material (higher weight and thickness), while thinner connectors generally correspond to lower yield limits.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a photovoltaic panel connecting piece and a topological optimization method thereof, and solves the problems of large self weight and more required materials of the existing photovoltaic panel connecting piece.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention discloses a topology optimization method of a photovoltaic panel connecting piece, which comprises the following specific steps:
step S1: selecting a traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece design according to a required photovoltaic panel, and selecting a photovoltaic panel connecting piece material;
step S2: measuring the size of a traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece;
step S3: drawing a design domain according to the size of the traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece;
step S4: carrying out topology optimization on the design domain and obtaining a topology optimization result; the method comprises the following steps that a target of topology optimization is to minimize the maximum displacement of a connecting piece, and a constraint condition is that the volume fraction is smaller than a limit value;
step S5: carrying out post-processing on the topology optimization result and obtaining a reasonable optimization design; wherein the post-processing comprises deleting the structure which can not be processed;
step S6: carrying out finite element analysis on the reasonable optimization design, judging whether stress and displacement constraint conditions are met, and if so, outputting the reasonable optimization design; otherwise, go to step S4, relax the constraint condition, and perform topology optimization again.
In the topology optimization method of the photovoltaic panel connector according to the present invention, in the step S3, the design domain includes a design domain of the connector and a design domain of a fixture coupled to the connector.
The topology optimization method of the photovoltaic panel connector comprises the following steps in the step S4:
step S401: design field of fixture is divided into n1A finite element, the design field of the connection being divided into n2A finite element with a total number of n1+n2；
Step S402: applying a solid isotropic material punishment model, wherein the material density of each finite unit in the model is between 0 and 1, 0 represents that the unit is completely deleted, and 1 represents that the unit is completely reserved; the Young's modulus of each finite element is calculated according to the formula
Where ρ isjThe Young's modulus of the unit being the jth finite element, E0,jAnd E (ρ)j) The actual Young modulus and the penalty style modulus of the jth finite element are represented respectively; p is a penalty factor, and p is 3.0;
step S403: performing topology optimization with the topology optimization equation of
Designing a domain:
designing a target:
constraint conditions are as follows:
wherein the volume fraction is defined as
In the topology optimization method of the photovoltaic panel connecting piece, in the finite element analysis of the step S5, the maximum load borne by the connecting piece is the dead weight and the wind load of the photovoltaic panel;
assuming that the loads borne by the four connecting pieces are uniformly distributed, the self weight of the photovoltaic panel borne by each connecting piece is G mg/4;
the wind load is designed according to the building structure load specification GB 50009-plus 2012, and the standard value omega of the wind load isk＝βgzμslμzω0(ii) a The area of the photovoltaic panel is a, and the design wind load is QW＝ωk×a；
Gravity load G and wind load QWOf (d) a combination coefficient ofGAnd ΓQ1.2 and 1.4 respectively;
wherein, betagzIs the wind vibration coefficient, muzIs the coefficient of variation of the wind pressure height, muslIs the wind load body form factor, omega0The wind pressure is the basic wind pressure of the region.
The photovoltaic panel connecting piece is designed by applying any one of the above topological optimization methods of the photovoltaic panel connecting piece, and comprises a plurality of hollow units;
the outer wall surfaces of the hollow units are spliced in an arc shape to form a connecting piece part, a middle part and a fixing part respectively;
the connecting part and the fixing part are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the outer wall surface of the middle part, the connecting part is used for being hung at the connecting end of the main body structure, and the fixing part is used for being connected with the outer frame of the photovoltaic panel; the surface of the middle part facing the main structure is inclined to the vertical direction, and the upper end of the middle part is connected with the connecting end of the main structure.
According to the photovoltaic panel connecting piece, the cross section of the hollow part of the hollow unit is triangular or quadrangular.
The photovoltaic panel connecting piece further comprises a filling part, and the filling part is filled in the hollow unit of the fixing part.
In the photovoltaic panel connecting member of the present invention, the filling portion is further filled in at least one of the hollow cells of the connecting member portion or at least one of the hollow cells of the intermediate portion.
According to the photovoltaic panel connecting piece, the hollow units of the connecting piece part are matched to form a groove, and the shape of the groove is matched with that of the connecting end of the main body structure and is used for being attached to the connecting end of the main body structure when being installed.
According to the photovoltaic panel connecting piece, the hollow unit is made of stainless steel, and the connecting piece portion, the middle portion and the fixing portion are of an integrally formed structure.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
according to the embodiment of the invention, by redesigning the topological optimization of the photovoltaic panel connecting piece, the mechanical property of the photovoltaic panel connecting piece is improved by optimizing the material arrangement mode on the premise of not increasing materials, and the structure which cannot be processed in practical application is solved by further carrying out post-processing after the topological optimization result is obtained, so that the structure of the obtained photovoltaic panel connecting piece has operability, meanwhile, the dead weight is reduced compared with the traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece, the mechanical property is also improved, and the problems of great weight and more required materials of the traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece are solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method of topology optimization of a photovoltaic panel connection of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a dimensional view of a prior art photovoltaic panel connector;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the design domain of the photovoltaic panel connection of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the topology optimization results of the photovoltaic panel connection of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a topology optimized design of a photovoltaic panel connection of the present invention;
FIG. 6a is a schematic diagram of a windward finite element division of a conventional photovoltaic panel connector;
FIG. 6b is a schematic diagram of a wind-back finite element partition of a conventional photovoltaic panel connector;
FIG. 7a is a diagram of a windward displacement profile of a conventional photovoltaic panel connector;
FIG. 7b is a diagram of the windward stress distribution of a conventional photovoltaic panel connector;
FIG. 7c is a plot of leeward displacement of a conventional photovoltaic panel connector;
FIG. 7d is a graph of the leeward stress distribution of a conventional photovoltaic panel connector;
FIG. 8a is a diagram of the windward displacement profile of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention;
FIG. 8b is a diagram of the windward stress profile of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention;
FIG. 8c is a plot of the leeward displacement profile of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention;
fig. 8d is a graph of the leeward stress profile of the photovoltaic panel connector of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1: traditional photovoltaic panel connections; 2: a photovoltaic panel; 3: a connector design field; 4: a fixture design field; 5: a connector non-design domain; 6: a hollow unit; 7: a connector part; 8: an intermediate portion; 9: a fixed part.
Detailed Description
The following describes in detail a method for topology optimization of a photovoltaic panel connector and a photovoltaic panel connector according to the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, a method for topology optimization of a photovoltaic panel connection includes the steps of:
step S1: selecting the design of a traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece 1 according to a required photovoltaic panel 2, and selecting a photovoltaic panel connecting piece material;
step S2: measuring the size of the traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece 1;
step S3: drawing a design domain according to the size of the traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece 1;
step S4: carrying out topology optimization on the design domain and obtaining a topology optimization result; the method comprises the following steps that a target of topology optimization is to minimize the maximum displacement of a connecting piece, and a constraint condition is that the volume fraction is smaller than a limit value;
step S5: carrying out post-processing on the topology optimization result and obtaining a reasonable optimization design; wherein, the post-processing comprises deleting holes which can not be processed and deleting branches which can not be processed;
step S6: finite element analysis is carried out on the rational optimization design, whether stress and displacement constraint conditions are met or not is judged, and if yes, the rational optimization design is output; otherwise, go to step S4, relax the constraint condition, and perform topology optimization again.
The photovoltaic panel connecting piece is redesigned in a topological optimization mode, on the premise that materials are not added, the mechanical property of the photovoltaic panel connecting piece is improved in a material arrangement optimizing mode, the structure which cannot be processed in practical application is further processed after a topological optimization result is obtained, the structure of the obtained photovoltaic panel connecting piece is made to have operability, meanwhile, the dead weight is reduced compared with that of a traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece 1, the mechanical property is also improved, and the problems that an existing photovoltaic panel connecting piece is significant and many materials are needed are solved.
The specific steps of the topology optimization method of the photovoltaic panel connecting piece of the present embodiment are further detailed as follows:
firstly, the most commonly used photovoltaic panel connecting piece in the market is taken as a reference, and stainless steel is selected as a connecting piece material according to technical specification JGJ102-20 of glass curtain wall engineering. The stainless steel material of the photovoltaic panel connecting piece has the following properties: young's modulus E206 GPa and poisson ratio v 0.3.
In the above step S3, the design fields include a connector design field 3 and a fastener design field 4 coupled with the connector. As shown in fig. 3, the connector design field 3 fills in and completely contains the extension lines of conventional design. The connector is divided into a connector design domain 3 and a connector non-design domain 5. The connector design region 3 is a region above the fixing bolt, and the connector non-design region 5 is a region below the fixing bolt. The lower part of the fixing bolt only plays a role in assisting bolt fixing, so that the fixing bolt has no requirement on the stress performance, and the upper part is a main load transmission path.
In the step S4, the method may specifically include the following steps:
step S401: design field of fixture is divided into n1A finite element, the design field of the connection being divided into n2A finite element with a total number of n1+n2；
Step S402: applying a solid isotropic material punishment model, wherein the material density of each finite unit in the model is between 0 and 1, 0 represents that the unit is completely deleted, and 1 represents that the unit is completely reserved; the Young's modulus of each finite element is calculated according to the formula
Where ρ isjThe Young's modulus of the unit being the jth finite element, E0,jAnd E (ρ)j) The actual Young modulus and the penalty style modulus of the jth finite element are represented respectively; p is a penalty factor, and p is 3.0;
step S403: performing topology optimization with the topology optimization equation of
Designing a domain:
designing a target:
constraint conditions are as follows:
wherein the volume fraction is defined as
According to the topology optimization method of the photovoltaic panel connecting piece, in the finite element analysis of the step S5, the maximum load borne by the connecting piece is the dead weight and the wind load of the photovoltaic panel;
assuming that the loads borne by the four connectors are uniformly distributed, the weight of the photovoltaic panel 2 borne by each connector is G mg/4;
the wind load is designed according to the building structure load specification GB 50009-plus 2012, and the standard value omega of the wind load isk＝βgzμslμzω0(ii) a The area of the photovoltaic panel is a, and the design wind load is QW＝ωk×a；
Gravity load G and wind load QWOf (d) a combination coefficient ofGAnd ΓQ1.2 and 1.4 respectively;
wherein, betagzIs the wind vibration coefficient, muzIs the coefficient of variation of the wind pressure height, muslIs the wind load body form factor, omega0The wind pressure is the basic wind pressure of the region.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a detailed description is given below by performing topology optimization with a specific example:
in the example, Optistruct software of Altair is applied to carry out topological optimization on the cross section design of the connecting part, and although the connecting part and the fixing part are two separated components, the connecting part and the fixing part need to be coupled with each other, so that the connecting part and the fixing part are simultaneously optimized in the optimization. When the stress transmission path between the connecting piece and the fixing piece is calculated, the Gap unit is adopted to carry out contact analysis between the finite element units.
The direction of the wind load born by the photovoltaic panel is not fixed, and the photovoltaic panel can be mainly divided into a windward side and a leeward side. Since the wind area of the photovoltaic panel side is small, the side wind is negligible in the design. In topology optimization, the two load modes of windward and leeward are comprehensively considered, and the multi-optimization target problem is solved in a pareto optimal mode.
The topological optimization improves the utilization efficiency of the material, thereby reducing the use amount of the material. In topology optimization, the connections will be divided into finite elements. In topology optimization, the fixture design domain 4 is divided into 648 finite elements, and the connector design domain 3 is divided into 2519 finite elements. The finite element total is 3167.
The limited cells with greater stress, i.e. the cells in the path of the force transmission, will be retained, whereas the cells will be deleted. A Solid Isotropic Material penalty model (SIMP) is applied in the optimization process, and in the model, the Material density of each finite unit is between 0 and 1. A0 indicates that the cell is completely deleted and a 1 indicates that the cell is completely reserved. The cells with material density at the middle represent an artefact material, which is left artificially identified. The Young's modulus of each unit is calculated according to the formula
Where ρ isjThe Young's modulus of the unit of the j-th unit, E0,jAnd E (ρ)j) The actual Young modulus and the penalty style modulus of the jth unit are represented respectively; p is a penalty factor, and p is 3.0. The topological optimization equation is
Designing a domain: ρ ═ ρ1 … ρ3167}T∈R3167
Designing a target:
constraint conditions are as follows:
the design parameter for topology optimization is the 'density' p of each cell. The design goal is that the pareto mechanical properties of the connecting piece are optimal under all load effects. There are two constraints, one for each design parameter should be between 0.01 and 1, and two for the volume fraction to satisfy the constraint. The volume fraction is defined as
FIG. 5 shows the result of topology optimization, where the volume fraction is 0.53, and the unit density is above 0.7 and the unit is retained according to the constraint.
The next step S5 is to perform post-processing on the theoretically optimal design obtained in step S4. There are irregularly shaped, or undersized holes in the theoretically optimal design, and too thin a distribution of material. In order to meet the manufacturing requirements of a factory, the theoretical design needs to be subjected to post-processing rational design so as to remove the defects.
The finite element analysis in step S6 is also explained in this example: in the finite element analysis, the selected site conditions are Shanghai core city area (class C site), and the installation height is 100 m. For the photovoltaic panel 2 arranged on the outer vertical surface of the building, the maximum load which the connecting piece needs to bear is the self weight and the wind load of the photovoltaic panel 2. It is assumed that the loads carried by the four connectors are evenly distributed, i.e., each connector carries 1/4 the full load.
And the self weight of the photovoltaic panel is calculated according to actual conditions. The dead weight of connecting piece is neglected owing to compare in photovoltaic board undersize. The self weight of the TSM-PC05A amorphous silicon solar photovoltaic panel is 30 kg. Therefore, the dead weight of the photovoltaic panel required to be borne by each connecting piece is G-mg/4-73.5N.
The wind load is designed according to the building structure load specification GB 50009-2012. For buildings at 100m of C-type site, the wind vibration coefficient betagz1.6; height coefficient of variation mu of wind pressurez1.7. For standard facade, wind load shape factor musl1.5. The basic wind pressure of Shanghai region is omega0＝ 0.40kN/m2. Therefore, the standard value omega of the wind loadk＝βgzμslμzω0＝1.632kN/m2. The dimensions of the photovoltaic panel 2 are 1m x 1.65 m. Thus designing the wind load to be QW＝1.632kN/m2×1m× 1.65m/4＝673.2N。
The wind load is a control load, a gravity load G and a wind load QWOf (d) a combination coefficient ofGAnd ΓQ1.2 and 1.4 respectively. Thus, the design gravity load for each link is 88.2N and the design wind load is + -942.48N. . The sign of the wind load is used to distinguish windward loads from leeward loads. The load is assumed to be uniformly distributed in the connecting wireThe cross section of the connecting piece.
In the finite element analysis of the conventional photovoltaic panel joining member 1, fig. 6a and 6b show boundary conditions of the conventional photovoltaic panel joining member 1 design under the wind load, and finite element division including a wind facing direction and a wind backing direction. The photovoltaic panel is fixed with the connecting piece in the connecting piece through the bolt. The photovoltaic panel outer frame below the bolts is not a designed domain in the topological optimization and does not belong to a force transmission path, so that the photovoltaic panel outer frame is omitted in the finite element calculation. In the finite element calculation, the connecting member is divided into 3214 units, wherein the connecting member is divided into 1741 units, and the fixing member is divided into 1473 units. Of the 3214 finite elements, 115 are triangular elements, and 3099 are quadrilateral elements. The maximum cell size is 0.3 mm.
The finite element analysis results of the conventional photovoltaic panel connecting member 1 are shown in fig. 7a to 7d, wherein the dotted circle portion in fig. 7a and 7c is a region where the displacement is 0, and the dotted circle portion in fig. 7b and 7d is a region where the stress is 0. The maximum displacement is generated at the windward wind load and is generated at the joint of the connecting piece and the bolt, and the maximum displacement is 0.124 mm. The maximum stress is generated at the windward wind load and at the joint of the connecting piece and the fixing piece, and the maximum stress is 193.23 MPa.
The finite element analysis results of the connecting element with optimized design are shown in fig. 8a to 8d, wherein the dashed circle portion in fig. 8a and 8c is the displacement 0 region, and the dashed circle portion in fig. 8b and 8d is the stress 0 region. The maximum displacement is also generated from windward wind load, generated at the joint of the connecting piece and the bolt, but the maximum displacement is reduced to 0.079 mm. The maximum stress is generated by windward wind load and is also generated at the joint of the connecting piece and the fixing piece, but the maximum stress is reduced to 161.76 MPa.
Compared with the traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece 1, the material consumption of the connecting piece part 7 in the optimized connecting piece is saved by 36.8%, the material consumption of the fixing piece part is saved by 16.5%, and the material consumption of the whole connecting piece is saved by 31.5%. Meanwhile, compared with the traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece 1, the optimized connecting piece has the advantages that the maximum displacement is reduced by 36.3% and the maximum stress is reduced by 16.3% under the same load action. In conclusion, the photovoltaic panel connecting piece of this embodiment compares in traditional design, has both practiced thrift the material, has improved the mechanical properties of photovoltaic panel connecting piece simultaneously.
Example two
Referring to fig. 5, a photovoltaic panel connector designed by applying the topology optimization method of the photovoltaic panel connector in the first embodiment includes a plurality of hollow units 6.
Wherein, the outer wall surfaces of the hollow units 6 are arc-shaped spliced and respectively form a connecting piece part 7, an intermediate part 8 and a fixing part 9. Connecting piece portion 7 and fixed part 9 are connected respectively in the upper end and the lower extreme of the outer wall surface of intermediate part 8, and connecting piece portion 7 is used for the articulate in the link of major structure, and fixed part 9 is used for being connected with the photovoltaic board frame. Wherein the face of the intermediate portion 8 facing the main structure is inclined to the vertical and the upper end is connected to the connection end of the main structure.
The arrangement of the inclined surface of the middle part 8 can bear the gravity load and the windward load generated by the photovoltaic panel, so that the maximum stress is generated at the connecting position of the connecting end of the middle part 8 and the main structure, and the mechanical property of the photovoltaic panel connecting piece meets the requirement on the premise of adopting the hollow unit 6.
In this embodiment, the cross section of the hollow part of the hollow unit 6 is a triangle or a quadrangle, the hollow unit 6 of the triangle or the trapezoid has better mechanical properties, and meanwhile, the hollow arrangement can enable the mechanical properties to meet the requirements on the premise that the required materials are less.
In this embodiment, the photovoltaic panel connector may further include a plurality of filling portions, the filling portions are filled in the hollow units 6 of the fixing portions 9, and since the fixing portions 9 are connected to the photovoltaic panel, the fixing portions are solid, so that the photovoltaic panel can be connected to the fixing portions 9 through bolts, and the connection is stable.
Further, the filling portion is also filled in at least one hollow cell 6 of the connector portion 7 or at least one hollow cell 6 of the intermediate portion 8. Since the sectional area of the hollow portion of the partially hollow element 6 is small or the wall of the hollow element 6 is thin, which may cause a problem of difficulty in actual processing, a filling portion may be provided in these portions to fill the hollow element 6 or the wall thickness of the hollow element 6 may be increased to be processed.
In this embodiment, the hollow units 6 of the connector part 7 cooperate to form a groove, and the shape of the groove matches with that of the connecting end of the main structure, so as to be attached to the connecting end of the main structure when being installed. Namely, a plurality of hollow units 6 are matched to form a connecting piece shape, so that the aim of hanging on the main body structure is fulfilled.
In this embodiment, the material in the hollow unit 6 may be stainless steel, and the connecting member portion 7, the intermediate portion 8 and the fixing portion 9 are of an integrally molded structure. In other embodiments, the material may be selected from a variety of materials, such as other metals or materials having sufficient strength, and is not limited to isotropic material.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, it is still within the scope of the present invention if they fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A topology optimization method for a photovoltaic panel connecting piece is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step S1: selecting a traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece design according to a required photovoltaic panel, and selecting a photovoltaic panel connecting piece material;
step S2: measuring the size of a traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece;
step S3: drawing a design domain according to the size of the traditional photovoltaic panel connecting piece;
step S4: carrying out topology optimization on the design domain and obtaining a topology optimization result; the method comprises the following steps that a target of topology optimization is to minimize the maximum displacement of a connecting piece, and a constraint condition is that the volume fraction is smaller than a limit value;
step S5: carrying out post-processing on the topology optimization result and obtaining a reasonable optimization design; wherein the post-processing comprises deleting the structure which can not be processed;
step S6: carrying out finite element analysis on the reasonable optimization design, judging whether stress and displacement constraint conditions are met, and if so, outputting the reasonable optimization design; otherwise, go to step S4, relax the constraint condition, and perform topology optimization again.
2. The method for topology optimization of photovoltaic panel connections of claim 1, wherein in said step S3, said design domain comprises a design domain of said connection and a design domain of a fixture coupled with said connection.
3. The method for topology optimization of photovoltaic panel connections according to claim 2, wherein said step S4 comprises the steps of:
step S401: design field of fixture is divided into n1A finite element, the design field of the connection being divided into n2A finite element with a total number of n1+n2；
Step S402: applying a solid isotropic material punishment model, wherein the material density of each finite unit in the model is between 0 and 1, 0 represents that the unit is completely deleted, and 1 represents that the unit is completely reserved; the Young's modulus of each finite element is calculated according to the formula
Where ρ isjThe Young's modulus of the unit being the jth finite element, E0,jAnd E (ρ)j) The actual Young modulus and the penalty style modulus of the jth finite element are represented respectively; p is a penalty factor, and p is 3.0;
step S403: performing topology optimization with the topology optimization equation of
Designing a domain:
designing a target:
constraint conditions are as follows:
wherein the volume fraction is defined as
4. The method for topology optimization of photovoltaic panel connectors according to claim 1, wherein in the finite element analysis of step S5, the maximum loads to which the connectors are subjected are the dead weight of the photovoltaic panel and the wind load;
assuming that the loads borne by the four connecting pieces are uniformly distributed, the self weight of the photovoltaic panel borne by each connecting piece is G mg/4;
the wind load is designed according to the building structure load specification GB 50009-plus 2012, and the standard value omega of the wind load isk＝βgzμslμzω0(ii) a The area of the photovoltaic panel is a, and the design wind load is QW＝ωk×a；
Gravity load G and wind load QWOf (d) a combination coefficient ofGAnd ΓQ1.2 and 1.4 respectively;
wherein, betagzIs the wind vibration coefficient, muzIs the coefficient of variation of the wind pressure height, muslIs the wind load body form factor, omega0The wind pressure is the basic wind pressure of the region.
5. A photovoltaic panel connection member, characterized in that it is designed by applying the method of topology optimization of a photovoltaic panel connection member according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising a plurality of hollow cells;
the outer wall surfaces of the hollow units are spliced in an arc shape to form a connecting piece part, a middle part and a fixing part respectively;
the connecting part and the fixing part are respectively connected to the upper end and the lower end of the outer wall surface of the middle part, the connecting part is used for being hung at the connecting end of the main body structure, and the fixing part is used for being connected with the outer frame of the photovoltaic panel; the surface of the middle part facing the main structure is inclined to the vertical direction, and the upper end of the middle part is connected with the connecting end of the main structure.
6. The photovoltaic panel connection according to claim 5, wherein the cross-section of the hollow portion of the hollow unit is a triangle or a quadrangle.
7. The photovoltaic panel connection according to claim 5, further comprising a filling part filled in the hollow cells of the fixing part.
8. The photovoltaic panel connection member according to claim 7, wherein the filling portion is further filled in at least one of the hollow cells of the connection member portion or at least one of the hollow cells of the intermediate portion.
9. The photovoltaic panel connector of claim 5, wherein a plurality of said hollow cells of said connector portion cooperate to form a recess, said recess matching the shape of the connecting end of the host structure for conforming to the connecting end of the host structure when installed.
10. The photovoltaic panel connector of claim 5, wherein the material within the hollow cells is stainless steel and the connector, intermediate and retainer portions are of one-piece construction.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113468697A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-10-01 | 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司 | Forward design method for steel frame structure of photovoltaic plate |
| CN113886982A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-04 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Hyperstatic constraint scheme optimization method and device based on Isight optimization platform |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113468697A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-10-01 | 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司 | Forward design method for steel frame structure of photovoltaic plate |
| CN113468697B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-11-30 | 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司 | Forward design method for steel frame structure of photovoltaic plate |
| CN113886982A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-04 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Hyperstatic constraint scheme optimization method and device based on Isight optimization platform |
| CN113886982B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-09-02 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Hyperstatic constraint scheme optimization method and device based on Isight optimization platform |
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