CN112819195A - Tunnel advanced drilling geology refined forecasting method and application - Google Patents
Tunnel advanced drilling geology refined forecasting method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A geological fine forecasting method for advanced drilling of tunnel includes such steps as using energy theory to forecast the geological of unknown stratum of tunnel, collecting the drilling parameters of multifunctional drilling machine, on-site returning liquid and dregs, recording the surrounding rock on tunnel face, then processing the original drilling data of the multifunctional drilling machine, including removing abnormal drilling parameters and interpolating at the position of the connecting rod, roughly partitioning the rock stratum according to the liquid return and slag discharge records, then calculating RTPR value based on energy theory and data statistical index thereof by utilizing the preprocessed drilling parameters, establishing the corresponding relation between the RTPR statistical index and the surrounding rock engineering property, finally establishing a forecast reference plane according to the tunnel face condition, and (4) predicting unknown stratum distribution and surrounding rock lithology through the known condition of the tunnel face, and synthesizing rough zoning conditions to obtain a final prediction result. The method can effectively utilize drilling site data and realize advanced drilling and fine forecasting of the tunnel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel geological survey, in particular to a tunnel advanced drilling geological fine forecasting method and application.
Background
At present, the type of the built tunnel in China develops towards a growing type, and the forecast of various unpredictable complicated and bad geologic bodies such as karst, water inrush and mud outburst, gas and the like is always a serious difficulty in tunnel geological forecast. The advanced drilling method is the most direct and effective geological detection method for forecasting complex and poor geological bodies of the tunnel at present, can carry out middle-long distance (0-150m) detection at present, and can accurately and visually reflect the geological conditions of surrounding rocks around a drill hole. The accuracy of the current advanced drilling forecast result depends on interpretation of drilling parameters and liquid return slag discharge conditions, the forecast experience requirements of interpretation personnel are high, in the current tunnel advanced drilling geological forecast of actual engineering, the drilling forecast result is generally limited to division of the hardness degree of surrounding rock or roughly judging the crack development degree of the surrounding rock according to unstable oscillation of the drilling parameters, and the fundamental reason is that synchronous analysis of a plurality of drilling parameters is not only low in efficiency, but also cannot accurately predict the detailed characteristics of unknown strata, so that a large amount of useful drilling parameter response information is wasted, and the misjudgment rate is extremely high. Therefore, the method can obtain the response information of the drilling parameters to the maximum extent and efficiently and quickly carry out geological forecast, and is a difficult problem to be solved by drilling geological forecast at present. On the basis of the existing advanced drilling prediction technology, drilling data which can be collected in the drilling place are utilized to the maximum extent, the unknown stratum of the tunnel is subjected to fine prediction, and the method has important significance for guaranteeing the construction safety of the tunnel.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a tunnel advanced drilling geology refined forecasting method and application, which can efficiently utilize field drilling data to carry out refined forecasting on unknown strata of a tunnel.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a tunnel advanced drilling geology refined forecast method and application, through carrying on the preconditioning to the original drilling data, calculate the power ratio RTPR of the gyring and its statistic, choose the reference section to carry on the refined forecast to the unknown stratum, including the following steps:
(1) collecting original drilling data of the multifunctional drilling machine, wherein the original drilling data comprises drilling parameters of the drilling machine, liquid return and slag discharge records, connecting rod positions, face conditions and drilling arrangement records;
(2) preprocessing original data, including removing and interpolating abnormal drilling parameters of the position of a connecting rod, and roughly partitioning a rock stratum according to liquid return and slag discharge records to obtain a rock stratum roughly-partitioned result;
(3) calculating an RTPR value based on an energy theory and a data statistical index thereof by utilizing the preprocessed drilling parameters, and establishing a corresponding relation between the RTPR statistical index and the surrounding rock engineering properties, wherein the RTPR is the ratio of drilling rotation power and propelling power, and the data statistical index of the RTPR comprises the following steps: mean, standard deviation, rate of change mean and standard deviation;
the specific calculation formula of the RTPR value based on the energy theory is as follows:
Pmovable part＝T1·ω＝T1·(2πn)
PPush away＝F1·V1≈T2·A·V1
In the formula, T1Actually measuring torque of the drill rod; omega is the rotation angular velocity of the drill bit; and n is the actually measured rotating speed of the drill bit. F1The pressure applied to the drill rod corresponds to the actually measured propelling force; v1The drilling speed of the drill bit; t is2The actual thrust pressure exerted on the rock for the drill bit; a is the sectional area of the drill rod. The RTPR index is PMovable partAnd PPush awayThe ratio of (A) to (B);
(4) establishing a prediction reference section, selecting a section with stable RTPR curve statistics from the face as a response to the known surrounding rock condition of the face, taking the section as the prediction reference section, and realizing the prediction of the surrounding rock lithology of the unknown stratum of the whole section by adjusting the range of each statistic section to obtain the surrounding rock engineering property prediction result;
(5) and further dividing the drilling depth scale into different surrounding rock intervals by integrating the rough rock formation division result and the surrounding rock engineering property forecasting result, forming fine surrounding rock situation division of the drilling depth range and outputting the result.
The specific steps of rejecting and interpolating the abnormal data of the position of the butt joint rod are as follows: firstly, according to the input connecting rod point coordinate position, dividing the range of 20cm before and after the connecting rod point into the interval which is possible to generate data abnormity, eliminating the data points with the parameter more than 3 times or less than the average value of the 1/3 normal values in the interval, then taking the two nearest points of the eliminated point, calculating the average value, and inserting the average value into the eliminated position.
The specific corresponding relation between the RTPR statistic and the corresponding relation of the surrounding rock engineering properties is as follows: the RTPR mean value describes the average value of zone data, namely the average hardness of the surrounding rock, the RTPR change rate mean value describes the overall change trend of zone signals, namely the change trend of the hardness degree of the surrounding rock, the standard difference value of the RTPR index describes the development degree of the joint fissure of the surrounding rock, and the RTPR change rate standard difference describes the integrity of the surrounding rock.
The specific steps of establishing the forecast reference section are as follows: selecting an RTPR curve section with the RTPR mean value and the standard deviation in the statistical measurement in the section within a certain interval range from the initial point, wherein the selection principle needs to be satisfied: when the curve is totally stable, selecting the standard deviation as a main influence factor; when the curve is in a rising or falling trend, selecting a certain relatively stable section, performing secondary selection in the section according to the standard deviation as a main factor, responding according to statistic evaluation of corresponding surrounding rocks, and increasing or decreasing the grade of the corresponding surrounding rocks relative to the tunnel face; when the curve has no relatively stable section, selecting a certain linear section as much as possible, calculating the standard deviation of the section by using a linear regression value instead of a mean value, performing secondary selection, responding to corresponding surrounding rock evaluation according to the standard section statistical mean value, increasing or reducing the grade relative to the surrounding rock condition of the working face, wherein the length of the standard section needs to meet 1/2-1/5 of the rod length, and the selected terminal point does not exceed 20cm before the first rod changing position.
The method comprises the following specific steps of roughly dividing a comprehensive rock stratum into results and forecasting results of the properties of surrounding rock engineering, and further dividing a drilling depth scale into different surrounding rock intervals: when the liquid return and slag discharge of the whole section can be smoothly obtained, obtaining each complete rough division area, and obtaining a refined forecasting final result by combining the rock performance forecasting result of the surrounding rock engineering; when the liquid return and the slag discharge in the section can not be smoothly obtained, calibrating the RTPR statistic range according to the acquirable liquid return and slag discharge conditions, predicting the uncertain area, and combining the rock property forecasting result of the surrounding rock engineering to obtain the refined forecasting final result.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: effective signal response information of drilling parameters can be fully extracted, fine prediction is carried out on surrounding rocks, and the implementation process is more efficient and simple.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the implementation process of the invention;
FIG. 2: the tunnel face condition of the second tunnel at the lower row, (a) the tunnel face of the left tunnel, (b) the tunnel face of the right tunnel;
FIG. 3: a borehole layout;
FIG. 4: left line 1# hole RTPR curve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described below with reference to the drawings and examples, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used for limiting the scope of the present invention.
The advanced drilling detection is carried out on the tunnel No. two at the section of Duan to Bama in the Haoza to Bama expressway by using a C6-XP type full-hydraulic crawler-type multifunctional drilling machine developed by Italy Kasa Kuilan land company. When the tunnel is excavated to the tunnel face ZK373+090, and the tunnel is excavated to the tunnel face YK373+060, clay-doped rock blocks are respectively disclosed to fill the karst cave, no obvious water seepage phenomenon is found in the karst cave, and the karst cave of the collapsed cavity is presumed to exist due to local collapse in the construction process. The drilling mode adopted in the drilling is a top drive hydraulic hammer type. The LUTZ that utilizes the rig to carry on creeps into data acquisition system and gathers drilling parameter, and main drilling parameter includes: drilling speed, torque, rotation speed and propelling pressure, and recording the color of returned liquid and the condition of slag discharge in the drilling process on a drilling operation site. Table 1 and fig. 1 show the arrangement of advanced horizontal drilling holes of the second-row tunnel.
The collected on-site drilling data are processed by taking a left line 1# hole and a right line 7# hole as examples and according to the following steps:
(1) collecting drilling raw data of a multifunctional drilling machine, comprising the following steps: liquid return and slag discharge records, connecting rod positions, face conditions and drilling arrangement records. Table 1 shows the arrangement of the advanced horizontal drilling holes of the second-row tunnel.
Table 1 arrangement of advanced horizontal drilling holes of lower-row second-number tunnel
(2) And eliminating and interpolating abnormal drilling parameters of the positions of the connecting rods of the drilling parameters, and roughly partitioning the rock stratum according to the liquid return and slag discharge records to obtain a rock stratum rough partitioning result. Table 2 shows the rough zoning results of the rock formation according to the slag tapping and fluid returning of the hole #7 on the right line.
Table 2 lower row tunnel right line #7 hole rock stratum rough partition result
(3) And calculating the RTPR value based on the energy theory and the data statistical index thereof by utilizing the preprocessed drilling parameter base. Fig. 3 is a left line # 1 hole RTPR curve obtained by calculation.
(4) And establishing a prediction reference section, selecting a section with stable RTPR curve statistics from the face as a response to the known surrounding rock condition of the face, taking the section as the prediction reference section, and realizing the prediction of the surrounding rock lithology of the unknown stratum of the whole section by adjusting the range of each statistic section to obtain the surrounding rock engineering property prediction result. Taking the left line 1# hole limestone area as an example, 16-17 m is selected as a reference section, and the evaluation of the surrounding rock corresponding to the divided statistic interval is shown in table 3. The obtained corresponding evaluation of the engineering properties of the surrounding rock is shown in table 4;
TABLE 3 statistics and surrounding rock evaluation
TABLE 4 evaluation of engineering properties of surrounding rock in the 1# hole limestone region on the left line
(5) And (3) roughly dividing the result by combining the rock stratum and the surrounding rock engineering property forecasting result, calibrating the RTPR statistic range according to the acquirable liquid return and slag discharge conditions for the uncertain sections which cannot be smoothly obtained by liquid return and slag discharge, and forecasting the uncertain areas. And further dividing the drilling depth scale into different surrounding rock intervals to form fine surrounding rock condition division of the drilling depth range. And table 5 shows the comparison between the prediction of the roughly divided comprehensive surrounding rock engineering properties of the hole 1# on the left line and the actual excavation situation.
TABLE 5 comparison of rough-divided comprehensive surrounding rock engineering property forecast with actual excavation situation
As can be seen from Table 5, the final forecast results obtained by the method of the present invention are substantially consistent with the actual excavation conditions, which proves that the method of the present invention is reasonable and effective.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the embodiment of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A tunnel advanced drilling geology refined forecast method is characterized in that original drilling data are preprocessed, a Rotary Thrust Power Ratio (RTPR) and statistics of RTPR are calculated, a reference zone is selected to conduct refined forecast on an unknown stratum, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) collecting original drilling data of the multifunctional drilling machine, wherein the original drilling data comprises drilling parameters of the drilling machine, liquid return and slag discharge records, connecting rod positions, face conditions and drilling arrangement records;
(2) preprocessing original data, including removing and interpolating abnormal drilling parameters of the position of a connecting rod, and roughly partitioning a rock stratum according to liquid return and slag discharge records to obtain a rock stratum roughly-partitioned result;
(3) calculating an RTPR value based on an energy theory and a data statistical index thereof by utilizing the preprocessed drilling parameters, and establishing a corresponding relation between the RTPR statistical index and the surrounding rock engineering properties, wherein the RTPR is the ratio of drilling rotation power and propelling power, and the data statistical index of the RTPR comprises the following steps: mean, standard deviation, rate of change mean and standard deviation;
the specific calculation formula of the RTPR value based on the energy theory is as follows:
Pmovable part＝T1·ω＝T1·(2πn)
PPush away＝F1·V1≈T2·A·V1
In the formula, T1Actually measuring torque of the drill rod; omega is the rotation angular velocity of the drill bit; and n is the actually measured rotating speed of the drill bit. F1The pressure applied to the drill rod corresponds to the actually measured propelling force; v1The drilling speed of the drill bit; t is2The actual thrust pressure exerted on the rock for the drill bit; a is the cross section of the drill rod, and the RTPR index is PMovable partAnd PPush awayThe ratio of (A) to (B);
(4) establishing a prediction reference section, selecting a section with stable RTPR curve statistics from the face as a response to the known surrounding rock condition of the face, taking the section as the prediction reference section, and realizing the prediction of the surrounding rock lithology of the unknown stratum of the whole section by adjusting the range of each statistic section to obtain the surrounding rock engineering property prediction result;
(5) and further dividing the drilling depth scale into different surrounding rock intervals by integrating the rough rock formation division result and the surrounding rock engineering property forecasting result, forming fine surrounding rock situation division of the drilling depth range and outputting the result.
2. The tunnel advanced drilling geological fine forecasting method according to claim 1, wherein the specific steps of removing and interpolating the abnormal data of the position of the butt joint rod are as follows: firstly, according to the input connecting rod point coordinate position, dividing the range of 20cm before and after the connecting rod point into the interval which is possible to generate data abnormity, eliminating the data points with the parameter more than 3 times or less than the average value of the 1/3 normal values in the interval, then taking the two nearest points of the eliminated point, calculating the average value, and inserting the average value into the eliminated position.
3. The tunnel advanced drilling geological refinement forecasting method according to claim 1, wherein the specific corresponding relation between the RTPR statistic and the corresponding relation of the surrounding rock engineering properties is as follows: the RTPR mean value describes the average value of zone data, namely the average hardness of the surrounding rock, the RTPR change rate mean value describes the overall change trend of zone signals, namely the change trend of the hardness degree of the surrounding rock, the standard difference value of the RTPR index describes the development degree of the joint fissure of the surrounding rock, and the RTPR change rate standard difference describes the integrity of the surrounding rock.
4. The tunnel advanced drilling geological refinement forecasting method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concrete steps of establishing a forecasting reference section are as follows: selecting an RTPR curve section with the RTPR mean value and the standard deviation in the statistical measurement in the section within a certain interval range from the initial point, wherein the selection principle needs to be satisfied: when the curve is totally stable, selecting the standard deviation as a main influence factor; when the curve is in a rising or falling trend, selecting a certain relatively stable section, performing secondary selection in the section according to the standard deviation as a main factor, responding according to statistic evaluation of corresponding surrounding rocks, and increasing or decreasing the grade of the corresponding surrounding rocks relative to the tunnel face; when the curve has no relatively stable section, selecting a certain linear section as much as possible, calculating the standard deviation of the section by using a linear regression value instead of a mean value, performing secondary selection, responding to corresponding surrounding rock evaluation according to the standard section statistical mean value, increasing or reducing the grade relative to the surrounding rock condition of the working face, wherein the length of the standard section needs to meet 1/2-1/5 of the rod length, and the selected terminal point does not exceed 20cm before the first rod changing position.
5. The tunnel advanced drilling geological fine forecasting method according to claim 1, wherein the concrete steps of further dividing the drilling depth scale into different surrounding rock intervals by combining the rough rock formation division result and the surrounding rock engineering property forecasting result are as follows: when the liquid return and slag discharge of the whole section can be smoothly obtained, obtaining each complete rough division area, and obtaining a refined forecasting final result by combining the rock performance forecasting result of the surrounding rock engineering; when the liquid return and the slag discharge in the section can not be smoothly obtained, calibrating the RTPR statistic range according to the acquirable liquid return and slag discharge conditions, predicting the uncertain area, and combining the rock property forecasting result of the surrounding rock engineering to obtain the refined forecasting final result.
6. The application of the tunnel advanced drilling geological refinement forecasting method in claim 1 in tunnel advanced borehole detection.
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